As used in this chapter, the following terms shall have the meanings indicated:
ABUTTERThe owner(s) of record of abutting lots of the property line of the lot where the project is proposed to be located.
ALTERATION OF DRAINAGE CHARACTERISTICSAny activity on an area of land that changes the water quality, force, direction, timing or location of runoff flowing from the area. Such changes include: change from distributed runoff to confined, discrete discharge; change in the volume of runoff from the area; change in the peak rate of runoff from the area; and change in the recharge to groundwater on the area.
APPLICANTA property owner or agent of a property owner who has filed an application for a stormwater management and land disturbance permit.
AS-BUILT DRAWINGSDrawings that record and document aspects and features of a project following construction, using the plans derived from a stormwater management and land disturbance permit. These shall include all final grades, inverts, pipe sizes, etc., and clearly depict any approved changes to project design from the approved plans. As-built drawings are to be signed, dated and sealed by a professional engineer or licensed surveyor and certified by the designer.
BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICE (BMP)An activity, procedure, restraint, or structural improvement that helps to reduce the quantity or improve the quality of stormwater runoff.
CLEARINGAny activity that removes the vegetative surface cover.
COMMON PLAN OF DEVELOPMENT OR SALEA contiguous area, including adjacent lots and/or non adjacent disturbance on one lot, where multiple separate and distinct construction activities may be taking place at different times on different schedules under one plan. This includes, but is not limited to, the following examples:
A. If a developer owns two adjacent lots and proposes development of each on the same or different timelines.
B. If a developer buys a twenty-acre lot and builds roads, installs pipes, and runs electricity with the intention of constructing homes or other structures sometime in the future, this would be considered a larger common plan of development or sale. If the land is parceled off or sold, and construction occurs on plots that are less than one acre by separate, independent builders, this activity still would be subject to stormwater permitting requirements if the smaller plots were included on the original site plan.
CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITYDisturbance of the ground by removal of vegetative surface cover or topsoil, grading, excavation, clearing or filling.
DEVELOPMENTThe modification of land to accommodate a new use or expansion of use, usually involving construction.
DPWThe Town of Longmeadow Department of Public Works.
DRAINAGE AREAThat area contributing stormwater runoff to a single point measured in a horizontal plane, which is enclosed by a ridgeline or area of higher elevation.
EASEMENTA grant or reservation by the owner of land for the use of such land by others for a specific purpose or purposes and which must be included in the conveyance of land affected by such easement.
EROSIONThe wearing away of the land surface by natural or artificial forces, such as wind, water, ice, gravity, or vehicle traffic, and subsequent detachment and transportation of soil particles.
EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL PLANA document containing narrative, drawings and details developed by a registered professional engineer (PE) which includes best management practices or equivalent measures designed to control surface runoff, erosion and sedimentation during construction and construction-related land-disturbance activities.
FLOODINGA local and temporary inundation or a rise in water, such that it covers land not usually under water.
FLOW ATTENUATIONProlonging the flow time of runoff to reduce the peak discharge.
GRADINGChanging the level or shape of the ground surface.
GROUNDWATERAny water below the earth's surface in the zone of saturation.
GRUBBINGThe act of clearing land surface by digging up roots and stumps.
IMPERVIOUS SURFACEAny material or structure on or above the ground that prevents water infiltrating the underlying soil. Impervious surface includes without limitation roads, paved parking lots, sidewalks, and rooftops.
INFEASIBLENot technologically possible, or not economically practicable and achievable in light of best industry practices.
INFILTRATIONThe act of conveying surface water into the ground to permit groundwater recharge and the reduction of stormwater runoff from a project site.
LAND DISTURBANCE and LAND-DISTURBING ACTIVITYAny activity that causes a change in the position or location of soil, sand, rock, gravel, or similar earth material; results in an increased amount of runoff or pollutants; measurably changes the ability of a ground surface to absorb waters; involves clearing, grading, or excavating, including grubbing; or results in an alteration of drainage characteristics.
LOW-IMPACT DEVELOPMENT (LID)A development approach that seeks to mimic (or in the case of redevelopment, restore/recreate) a site's predevelopment hydrology through protection of on-site natural features and environmentally sensitive site design that limits impervious areas, preserves open space, and uses decentralized small-scale facilities to capture and manage rainfall (or snowmelt) close to where it falls. These small-scale facilities serve to slow, absorb, and treat flow and include bioretention areas, grassed swales, porous pavements, cisterns, and green roofs and walls.
MASSACHUSETTS STORMWATER HANDBOOK AND STORMWATER STANDARDSThe guidance issued by MassDEP, and as amended, that coordinates the requirements prescribed by state regulations promulgated under the authority of the Massachusetts Wetlands Protection Act, MGL c. 131, §
40 and Massachusetts Clean Waters Act, MGL c. 21, §§
23 through
56. The Handbook addresses stormwater impacts through implementation of performance standards to reduce or prevent pollutants from reaching water bodies and control the quantity of runoff from a site.
MUNICIPAL SEPARATE STORM SEWER SYSTEM (MS4) or MUNICIPAL STORM DRAIN SYSTEMThe system of conveyances designed or used for collecting or conveying stormwater, including any road with a drainage system, street, gutter, curb, inlet, piped storm drain, pumping facility, retention or detention basin, natural or man-made or altered drainage channel, reservoir, and other drainage structure that together comprise the storm drainage system owned or operated by the Town of Longmeadow.
NEW DEVELOPMENTAny construction activities or land alteration resulting in total land disturbance equal to or greater than one acre (or activities that are part of a larger common plan of development disturbing equal to or greater than one acre) on an area that has not previously been developed to include impervious surface.
NONPOINT SOURCE POLLUTIONPollution from many diffuse sources caused by rainfall or snowmelt moving over and through the ground. As the runoff moves, it picks up and carries away natural and human-made pollutants, finally depositing them into water resource areas.
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PLANA plan setting up the functional, financial and organizational mechanisms for the ongoing operation and maintenance of a stormwater management system to ensure that it continues to function as designed.
OUTFALLThe point at which stormwater flows out from a point source discernible, confined and discrete conveyance into waters of the Commonwealth.
OUTSTANDING RESOURCE WATERS (ORWs)Waters designated by Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection as ORWs. These waters have exceptional sociologic, recreational, ecological and/or aesthetic values and are subject to more stringent requirements under both the Massachusetts Water Quality Standards (314 CMR
4.00) and the Massachusetts Stormwater Management Standards. ORWs include vernal pools certified by the Natural Heritage Program of the Massachusetts Department of Fisheries and Wildlife and Environmental Law Enforcement, all Class A designated public water supplies with their bordering vegetated wetlands, and other waters specifically designated.
OWNERA person with a legal or equitable interest in property.
PEAK DISCHARGEThe maximum instantaneous rate of flow during a storm, usually in reference to a specific design storm event.
PERMEABLE SOILSAre soil materials with a sufficiently rapid infiltration rate so as to greatly reduce or eliminate surface and stormwater runoff. These soils are generally classified as NRCS hydrologic soil types A and B.
PERSONAn individual, partnership, association, firm, company, trust, corporation, agency, authority, department or political subdivision of the commonwealth or the federal government, to the extent permitted by law, and any officer, employee, or agent of such person.
POINT SOURCEAny discernible, confined, and discrete conveyance, including, but not limited to, any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit, well, discrete fissure, or container from which pollutants are or may be discharged.
POLLUTANTAny element of property or sewage, agricultural, industrial or commercial waste, runoff, leachate, heated effluent, or other matter whether originating at a point or nonpoint source, that is or may be introduced into any sewage treatment works or waters of the commonwealth. Pollutants shall include:
A. Paints, varnishes and solvents;
B. Oil and other automotive fluids;
C. Nonhazardous liquid and solid wastes and yard wastes;
D. Refuse, rubbish, garbage, litter, or other discarded or abandoned objects, accumulations and floatables;
E. Pesticides, herbicides and fertilizers;
F. Hazardous materials and wastes; sewage, fecal coliform and pathogens;
G. Dissolved and particulate metals;
H. Animal wastes and residues;
I. Rock, sand, salt and soils;
J. Construction wastes and residues;
K. Noxious or offense matter of any kind.
POST-DEVELOPMENTThe conditions that reasonably may be expected or anticipated to exist after completion of the land development activity on a specific site or tract of land. "Post-development" refers to the phase of a new development or redevelopment project after completion, and does not refer to the construction phase of a project.
PREDEVELOPMENTThe conditions that exist at the time that plans for the land development of a tract of land are submitted to the Stormwater Authority. Where phased development or plan approval occurs (preliminary grading, roads and utilities, etc.), the existing conditions at the time prior to the first plan submission, shall establish predevelopment conditions.
PROJECT DESIGN ENGINEERThe individual responsible for the analysis, design, and inspection of the stormwater management system required by these rules and regulations. The project design engineer shall be an engineer with experience and qualifications in the area of stormwater management, design, inspection and operations, and either be a Massachusetts registered professional engineer or shall be overseen by a Massachusetts registered professional engineer. The project design engineer may be a sole practitioner or a member of a firm.
RECHARGEThe replenishment of underground water reserves.
REDEVELOPMENTAny construction, land alteration, or improvement of impervious surfaces resulting in total land disturbances equal to or greater than one acre (or activities that are part of a larger common plan of development disturbing equal to or greater than one acre) that does not meet the definition of "new development."
REGISTRY OF DEEDSHampden County Registry of Deeds, the registry in which the land in question is situated, and, when appropriate, shall include the land court.
RESOURCE AREAAny area protected under including without limitation: the Massachusetts Wetlands Protection Act, Massachusetts Rivers Act, or Town of Longmeadow Wetland Bylaw. Specifically, these areas include: banks, bordering vegetated wetlands, vernal pools, land under waterbodies and waterways, land subject to flooding and riverfront areas.
RETENTIONThe holding of runoff in a basin without release except by means of evaporation, infiltration, or emergency bypass.
RUNOFFRainfall, snowmelt, or irrigation water flowing over the ground surface.
SEDIMENTMineral or organic soil material that is transported by wind or water from its origin to another location, the product of erosion processes.
SEDIMENTATIONA process of depositing material that has been suspended and transported in water.
SITEThe area extent of construction activities, including but not limited to the creation of new impervious surface and improvement of existing impervious surface, excluding redevelopment activities that are exclusively limited to maintenance and improvement of existing roadways as described under "redevelopment" above.
START OF CONSTRUCTIONThe first land-disturbing activity associated with a development, including land preparation such as clearing, grading and filling; installation of streets and walkways; excavation for basements; footings, piers or foundations; erection of temporary forms; and installation of accessory buildings such as garages.
STOP-WORK ORDERAn order issued which requires that all construction activity on a site be stopped.
STORMWATERStormwater runoff, snow melt runoff, and surface water runoff and drainage.
STORMWATER MANAGEMENTThe use of structural or nonstructural practices that are designed to reduce stormwater runoff pollutant loads, discharge volumes, and/or peak flow discharge rates.
SWALEA natural depression or wide shallow ditch used to temporarily store, route, or filter runoff.
TSSTotal Suspended Solids are particles suspended in water or stormwater. Both organic and inorganic particles can contribute to suspended solids concentration. In the field, high concentrations of TSS can make water appear cloudy. In a laboratory, TSS can be measured when water is filtered. TSS are retained by the filter and dissolved solids pass through.
WATERS OF THE COMMONWEALTHAll waters within the commonwealth, including without limitation, rivers, streams, lakes, ponds, springs, impoundments, estuaries, wetlands, coastal waters and ground waters. (From 314 CMR
9.02).