Chapter 17.64 GENERAL SITE STANDARDS

§ 17.64.010 Purpose.

The purpose of this chapter is to prescribe site standards that apply, except where specifically stated, to development in all zones. General site standards shall be used in conjunction with the base standards for each zone established in Division II. In any case of conflict, the more restrictive standard shall control.

(Ord. 1722, 6/18/2024; Ord. 1733, 2/4/2025)

§ 17.64.020 Accessory Structures.

Purpose. This section establishes development standards for accessory structures. The purpose is to recognize accessory structures as desirable and beneficial and to provide for such uses under certain circumstances by providing standards to protect the public health, safety, and welfare by maintaining safe distances between structures, establishing architectural compatibility between primary and accessory structures, and minimizing potential impacts associated with lot coverage, privacy, and maintenance of light and air space.

Applicability. The provisions of this section apply to:

Accessory buildings, which are detached, enclosed buildings located on the same lot as the principal (main) building, the use of which is normally incidental, ancillary, and entirely secondary to that of the principal building. This includes sheds, detached garages, greenhouses, workshops, and pool houses.

Patio covers, which are structures that are attached or detached from the primary residence, open on at least three sides, and covered overhead. This includes sunshades, porches, carports, gazebos, and similar structures.

This section does not apply to secondary or accessory dwelling units. Secondary or accessory dwelling units are governed by the requirements of § 17.84.030, Accessory Dwelling Units.

Permits Required.

A Building Permit (see § 17.100.130, Building Permit) is required for all accessory structures 120 square feet or greater and all accessory structures with utility hookups, regardless of square footage.

A Building Permit (see § 17.100.130, Building Permit) is required for any accessory structure that is attached to an existing structure, including a deck or trellis.

A Building Permit (see § 17.100.130, Building Permit) is required for decks over 30 inches in height.

A Development Review Permit Tier 1 (see § 17.100.050, Development Review Tier 1) is required for accessory structures over 120 square feet up to 800 square feet or over 12 feet in height in residential zones and for accessory structures less than 1,200 square feet in all other zones, or where an exception as provided in this section is requested.

A Development Review Permit Tier 2 (see § 17.100.060, Development Review Tier 2) is required for accessory structures over 800 gross square feet in gross floor area and for accessory structures over 1,200 gross square feet in gross floor area in Mixed-Use, Commercial, or Employment zones.

General Requirements for Accessory Structures.

Accessory structures may not encroach into recorded utility easements.

Accessory structures must be appurtenant to and incidental to a primary structure.

The cumulative floor area of any residential accessory structure(s) may be a maximum of 75% of that of the primary structure, except as otherwise approved by the Director.

Accessory structures may not be located within required front or street side setbacks, except as otherwise allowed in this section or § 17.64.060, Projections into Required Setbacks.

Accessory structures shall be set back a minimum of four feet from an alley or as required to provide a minimum 24-foot clear back-up space if the alley provides vehicular access to the detached accessory structure.

Exception. A setback less than four feet may be allowed, where there is no vehicular access required to the structure, and where there is adequate vehicular, pedestrian, and public safety access in the alley.

Accessory structures shall not contain a permanent indoor kitchen (combination of a sink, cooking apparatus, and refrigeration appliance) or a full bath and may not be designed for full-time living or rental purposes.

Carports shall be constructed out of durable materials, match or complement the architecture of the primary structure and be built on a permanent foundation. Temporary carports are prohibited.

Accessory structures shall be oriented and designed to minimize visual impacts on adjoining properties. Placement of doors and windows shall be located to ensure the greatest extent of privacy to adjacent neighbors.

Accessory structures located in residential zones shall be of a compatible size, scale, and appearance so as to be in harmony with the character and quality of surrounding development.

10.

Detached Accessory Buildings in Residential Zones. In addition to the requirements in Subsection D, accessory buildings in residential zones shall comply with the following standards:

Placement. All accessory buildings shall be located on the rear one-half of the lot.

Building Separation. All accessory buildings shall be located at least six feet from any primary building or dwelling on the lot. An accessory building closer than six feet to another structure may be considered through a Minor Modification request (see § 17.100.110, Minor Modification). Garages, storage sheds, or other enclosed buildings attached to the primary home shall be considered an addition and subject to the setback and height requirements of the base zone.

Setbacks. Accessory buildings shall conform to the front and street side setbacks of the base zone. The following interior side and rear setback requirements shall apply:

Table 17.64.020.D-1: Accessory Structure Setbacks
Eave Height at Point Closest to Property Line	Minimum Setback from Interior Side or Rear Property Line
Less than 9 feet	3 feet
At least 9 feet but less than 10 feet	4 feet
At least 10 feet but less than 11 feet	5 feet
At least 11 feet but less than 12 feet	6 feet
12 to 16 feet (subject to review)	7 feet

Fire Access. A minimum three-foot ingress/egress pathway into a backyard shall be maintained for fire access.

Height. Accessory structures shall not exceed a maximum height of 16 feet.

Exception. A two-story accessory structure no greater than 25 feet in height may be allowed at the rear of a lot that abuts an alley but must comply with a minimum 10-foot side property line setback.

Roof Decks. All roof decks along the project perimeter and abutting residential uses shall be stepped back a minimum of five feet from the roof edge and a minimum of eight feet from the property line and shall include a minimum 42-inch solid rail or parapet, so that they are oriented away from and screened to prevent direct views of abutting residential neighbors. Roof decks facing/adjacent to a right-of-way or alley are not required to be stepped back.

Lot Coverage. The total square footage of all accessory structures shall not occupy more than 30% of the required side and rear setback of the underlying zone. Unless otherwise allowed in the base zone, maximum aggregate lot coverage by primary and accessory structures shall not exceed 50%.

Requirements for Patio Covers in Residential Zones. In addition to the requirements in Subsection D, patio covers in residential zones shall comply with the following standards:

Setbacks.

Front and street side setbacks of the base zone apply to patio covers.

A minimum five-foot interior side and rear yard setback is required, measured from the nearest post/structural support to the property line.

The minimum required interior side yard and rear yard setbacks shall be increased by one foot for every one-foot increase in patio cover height over 10 feet. If a patio cover is sloped or otherwise varies in height, the setback requirements for the side versus the front of the structure may vary depending on orientation to the nearest property line(s).

Patio covers in residential zones shall conform to the following setback requirements:

Table 17.64.020.E-1: Patio Cover Setbacks
Height at Point Closest to Property Line	Minimum Setback from Interior Side or Rear Property Line
Less than 11 feet	5 feet
At least 11 feet but less than 12 feet	6 feet
12 feet (Maximum Height)	7 feet

Height. Patio covers shall not exceed 12 feet in height. An exception to the 12-foot height limit may be granted by the Director if a taller cover is required to match the architectural style and roof pitch of the primary structure or as necessary to tie-in structurally to the primary structure as long as the Director finds that the increased height will not negatively impact adjacent residential properties. Covers that match the height of the existing home may be required to meet the setback requirements of the underlying zone, as determined by the Director.

FIGURE 17.64.020.E-1: PATIO COVERS AND SUNSHADE SETBACK AND HEIGHT

Eaves and Projections into Required Setback Area. Eaves, rain gutters, and other architectural features may project 24 inches into the required setback subject to applicable building and fire/life safety requirements as provided in § 17.64.060, Projections into Required Setbacks.

Yard and Lot Coverage.

Patio covers with a solid or impervious roof/cover shall count toward the lot coverage calculations.

Patio covers with a permeable (i.e., open lattice style) or semi-transparent roof/cover and roofless structures such as pergolas, trellises, and arbors are excluded from the lot coverage calculation.

Solid cover residential patio covers may contribute to the maximum 30% lot coverage of the required side and rear setback as measured by the roof/covering dimensions.

FIGURE 17.64.020.E-2: PATIO HEIGHT AND REAR AND SIDE SETBACK

Design.

Patio covers shall not be enclosed by any walls, partial solid panel wainscoting, and/or glazing, except for the walls adjoining primary and/or accessory building(s), which may not constitute more than two of the four sides of the patio structure.

Patios shall be open structures that are at least 80% transparent.

Patios shall not be conditioned space but may be fitted with removable clear plastic or screen mesh.

Metal "lean-to" structures and similar metal structures are prohibited in residential zones.

Detached Accessory Structures in Mixed-Use and Nonresidential Zones.

Height. An accessory structure in a nonresidential zone shall not exceed the permitted height for principal buildings in the zone in which it is located.

Setbacks. Any accessory structures in a nonresidential zone shall conform to the building setback requirements for that zone.

Building Separation. Any accessory structure in a nonresidential zone over 120 square feet shall be located at least six feet from any building on the lot.

Location. Any accessory building over 120 square feet in a nonresidential zone shall be located to the side or rear of the primary building and not in front of the primary building. Exceptions may be granted for structures required for the primary business in a site in Industrial Flex (IF) and Industrial General (IG) zones subject to Director discretion.

(Ord. 1722, 6/18/2024; Ord. 1733, 2/4/2025; Ord. 1743, 10/7/2025)

§ 17.64.030 Fences, Walls, and Hedges.

Purpose. The purpose of this section is to recognize well-designed fencing as a necessary site feature that can enhance the visual appearance of properties. Requirements ensure safe sight lines and minimize potential negative visual impacts or hazards of tall or unsightly fences, walls, and retaining walls.

Applicability. The requirements of this section apply to all fences, walls, hedges, and similar structures. For specific and modified fencing standards in the Spring Lake Specific Plan area, see the standards in the Spring Lake Specific Plan.

Permits Required.

All fences and walls over six feet in height and all retaining walls 36 inches or greater in height require a Building Permit (see § 17.100.130, Building Permit).

All fences and walls within the public right-of-way require an encroachment permit and shall be subject to all requirements of this section in addition to any public works requirements.

Fence, Wall and Hedge Height and Placement. Fences, walls, and hedges shall comply with the height and placement standards below, unless more restrictive standards are required by an operative plan, an adopted policy, or a condition of approval for a project or subdivision.

Fence and Retaining Wall Combinations. Where a fence is located at the top of a retaining wall required to address grade differential, and a six-foot maximum height fence is normally applicable, the Director may allow a combined height of fence and retaining wall up to eight feet, as measured from the midpoint of the retaining wall to the fence top. Where the fence is offset from a retaining wall by at least three feet, the fence height shall be measured from finished grade to the fence top.

FIGURE 17.64.030.D-1: FENCE AND RETAINING WALL COMBINATIONS

Front Setback.

Solid fences, walls, and hedges located within a required front setback or along the front yard property line may be a maximum of three feet six inches in height. See Section 17.64.040, Landscaping for landscaping requirements adjacent to street-facing walls and fences.

Exceptions.

Downtown Zones. A wrought iron or powder coated/integral color tubular steel fence, or other equivalent material approved by the Director (Tier 1 Development Review), up to five feet in height may be installed within a required front or street side setback provided the fence is a minimum of 80% open (no more than 20% opaque) and setback a minimum of five feet from the back of sidewalk.

(A)

A landscaped and irrigated planting strip composed of groundcover, shrubs, and/or trees, shall be provided along the base of that portion of the fence that abuts the public street or public right-of-way. The remaining setback area between the fence and property line shall be landscaped and maintained in a healthy and growing condition. In no case shall fencing block required access or sight visibility.

ii.

Downtown and N-P Zones. In the Downtown and N-P zones, fencing may follow a historically established pattern and location of fencing provided sight visibility, safety and public welfare are not impacted, as determined by the Director.

iii.

Residential Zones RL, N-P, RLM. A fence up to five feet in height may be located five feet from the back of sidewalk provided the fence in its entirety is open a minimum of 80% (no more than 20% opaque), such as black and tubular steel. A fence up to five feet in height may be located a minimum of 10 feet from the back of the sidewalk provided the top two feet are open a minimum of 8% (no more than 20% opaque) and may not extend more than 40% across the front width of the property. The area between the fence and the public right-of-way-shall be landscaped and maintained.

FIGURE 17.64.030.D-2: FENCE HEIGHT IN R-L, N-P, R-LM FRONT YARDS

iv.

Multi-Unit (RM and RH), Mixed-Use (CMU, CCMU), Commercial (RC, RCF) and Employment (IF, IG, and BP) Zones. A decorative, wrought Iron, power coated/integral color tubular steel, or other equivalent material approved by the Director, fence up to six feet in height may be located 10-feet from the back of sidewalk, provided the fence is a minimum of 80% open (no more than 20% opaque) and set back a minimum of 10 feet from the back of sidewalk. In no case shall fencing block required access or sight visibility.

(A)

A landscaped and irrigated planting strip composed of groundcover, climbing vines, shrubs, and trees, shall be provided along the base of that portion of the fence that abuts the public street or public right-of-way. The remaining setback area between the fence and property line shall be landscaped and maintained in a healthy and growing condition.

(B)

If necessary for security purposes, as determined by the Director, tubular steel, or equivalent open welded metal fencing, may be placed at the back of sidewalk (or if no sidewalk, then property line) in the RCF, IF, IG, and BP zones as long as the required landscaping is visible through the fencing.

Columns, pilasters, and support structures, and the decorative elements attached to them associated with a fence or gate located on or within required setbacks may exceed the height limit provided they meet the following criteria:

(A)

They do not exceed seven feet in height;

(B)

They are not located closer than 12 feet on center;

(C)

The fencing materials do not cumulatively exceed the see through fence standard, where applicable; and

(D)

They do not interfere with the sight visibility area associated with any street or driveway.

Street Side.

Fences, walls, and hedges located within five feet of the street side property line may be a maximum of three feet six inches in height. Fences, walls, and hedges located five feet or more from the street side property line may be a maximum of seven feet in height.

Exception. When the primary structure is located within the five-foot setback, a fence up to seven feet is allowed where the fence is parallel to the street and represents an extension of the primary structure's façade.

See Section 17.64.040, Landscaping for landscaping requirements adjacent to street-facing walls and fences.

Rear and Interior Side Setbacks. Fences, walls, and hedges behind the required front setback within the interior side and rear setback areas may be a maximum of seven feet in height.

FIGURE 17.64.030.D-3: FENCE, WALL, AND HEDGE HEIGHT

Intersection and Driveways. Notwithstanding other provisions of this section, fences, walls, and hedges shall comply with § 17.64.110, Visibility at Intersections to ensure adequate site visibility.

Additional Fence Height. In nonresidential zones, additional fence height up to eight feet may be considered by the Director (Development Review Tier 1) if located outside of a required front setback and more than five feet from a street side lot line, provided that the Director determines that the additional height is necessary due to specific circumstances related to on-site safety and security and the fence is designed appropriately to minimize negative visual impacts to neighboring properties.

Double Fence/Walls. Double walls or fences are prohibited unless the Director finds that:

The existing fence is not adequate to provide basic privacy, safety, security, and it is not possible to remove the established fencing material; and

The new fence has been designed to allow access for maintenance and cleanout of the space between the two fences and minimizes the gap to the smallest extent possible to reduce the potential for rodents, debris accumulation, and other nuisance problems.

Fence and Wall Materials and Design.

Perimeter fencing utilized along a public street shall be constructed of material such as iron, pre-painted welded steel, brick, wood picket, or other similarly durable material.

Fence posts shall be set in concrete.

All wood fencing posts shall be either wood or galvanized metal covered in wood and stained with a semi-transparent or opaque treatment.

Each fence or wall adjacent to the public right-of-way shall be stained, painted, or treated with a graffiti-resistant coating.

Limitations on Chain-Link Fencing.

Location. Chain-link fencing is prohibited in Residential and Downtown Zones.

Visibility. Chain-link fencing shall not be located in a front or street side yard setback area, or where visible from the street, a State highway, or an adjacent Residential zone. Exceptions may be granted by the Director in the IG and IF zones for powder coated chain link.

Exception. Welded horizontal and vertical "hog" wire or steel cable, that is supported by either a decorative capped stained wood fence frame or decorative welded tubular steel posts and frame, or other similarly architecturally designed fence, may be allowed as a fencing material, subject to Tier 1 Development Review.

Limitations on Concrete/Masonry Block.

Plain, concrete block is not permitted as a fencing or wall material along arterials and collectors, in any residential zone, or any area where walls are required as a condition of approval.

Concrete block must be finished with stucco or be of a decorative material and capped with a decorative cap. Other materials may be approved by the Director should the design provide an enhanced appearance.

Prohibited Fencing Materials. The following fence materials are prohibited in all zones

Barbed wire or electrified security fence, except for security purposes as outlined in subsection F.7.f, Exception below.

Razor or concertina wire, climb-proof spikes, or other hazardous fencing in conjunction with a fence or wall, or by itself.

Electrified fence for animal control.

Improvised security materials such as broken glass or nails.

Improvised materials such as plywood, particle board, paper, plastic tarp, cloth, or secondhand material not designed for fencing, or other similar material.

Exception. An exception to fence types listed in subsection A or B may be considered for sites in Employment zones, in the CMU-Flex zone, and in the Regional Commercial Flex zone east of Quality Circle only, where the Director finds such fencing if necessary for security purposes. Exceptions shall be considered through a Development Review Tier 3, Zoning Administrator review process (see Section 17.100.070, Development Review Tier 3) and are subject to the following provisions:

Hazardous or electrified security fencing shall not be permitted within 100 feet of a residential property or facility where children are routinely present.

ii.

Hazardous or electrified security fencing shall be setback a minimum of 75 feet from any segment of Main Street. A setback exception may be considered along E. Main Street, east of Quality Circle, where existing semi-truck/trailer parking areas are located closer to Main Street. (Non-electrified security fencing that resembles electrified security fencing shall similarly be setback a minimum of 75 feet from any segment of Main Street, unless the encroaching portion is equal height with the exterior fence.)

iii.

The hazardous or electrified security fencing materials are located at the top portion of or behind a legally established fence which is at least five feet in height, but not more than eight feet in height, subject to fence height regulations described in this chapter.

iv.

Electrified security fencing shall meet all applicable standards as established in California Civil Code § 835.

Required warning signs shall be set at the maximum separation requirements established in California Civil Code § 835.

vi.

Electrified security fencing shall not extend taller than eight feet in height within 80 feet of the front property line; and may not extend taller than 10 feet in height if setback further than 80 feet from the front property line. Non-electrified security fencing that resembles electrified security fencing shall at no time exceed eight feet in height and shall meet otherwise applicable fence setback requirements.

Entry Gateway. One entry gateway, trellis, arbor, or other entry or decorative feature is permitted in the required front yard or street facing side yard of each lot, provided that the maximum height or width of the structure does not exceed 10 feet and the maximum depth or width does not exceed six feet.

Flagpoles. No more than one flagpole per lot is permitted in residential zones. Residential flagpoles must be a minimum of 10 feet from any property line and shall not exceed the height of the primary home or 20 feet in height, whichever is less.

Temporary Fencing.

Temporary Construction Fencing. Temporary construction fencing may be required by the designated approving authority where necessary to protect trees or other sensitive features and the general public from construction activity during site preparation and construction. Temporary fencing shall be removed after 90 days once construction is complete. See Section 12.48.130, Tree preservation of established trees, heritage oak trees, specimen trees and landmark trees as part of development projects or on vacant/undeveloped commercial and residential property.

Temporary Security Fencing. Temporary security fencing (including chain link) with a maximum height of six feet may be installed around the property lines of vacant property with approval from the Director. Properties shall be maintained in a condition free from weeds and litter.

Gates. All driveway gates shall be placed to allow adequate "throat depth" for all driveways to prevent vehicles from backing into the flow of traffic on the public street or causing unsafe conflicts with on-site circulation. The installation of driveway gates requires Development Review Tier 1 approval (see Section 17.100.050, Development Review Tier 1), and if they are electrically operated, a Building Permit is required (see Section 17.100.130, Building Permit).

Swimming Pool Fences. Swimming pools, spas, and other similar water features shall be fenced in compliance with the adopted Building Code.

Sound Walls. Wherever sound walls are required to mitigate sound impacts adjacent to streets, the following standards shall apply. These standards do not preclude the use of other innovative methods of project design utilizing greater setbacks, building design, or mounding.

Setbacks. Walls shall be set back a sufficient distance from the ultimate public street right-of-way in accordance with sound attenuation and landscaping. The area between the right-of-way and the wall shall include a public sidewalk and landscaping, including canopy street trees.

Materials. Walls shall be constructed of brick, concrete, or decorative masonry material. Walls and fences shall be made of durable materials, be graffiti resistant, and require limited ongoing upkeep and maintenance.

Height.

Walls shall be six feet in height along the roadway side, unless additional height is needed as documented by a noise study, required to conform to environmental mitigation measures, or the noise element of the General Plan.

Walls required to be greater than six feet in height shall be constructed utilizing soil mounding, or other techniques, to reduce the apparent height from the roadway. The mounds shall not exceed a 3:1 slope. Drainage shall be contained so that there is no sheet flow of water onto the sidewalk.

Maintenance. A funding method to provide for the long term, ongoing maintenance of the wall and landscaped area shall be submitted and approved by the City prior to the construction of the wall.

Walls adjacent to CalTrans Right-of-Way. Walls located adjacent to CalTrans rights-of-way shall utilize the CalTrans sound wall design criteria and the CalTrans standard construction drawings of approved sound wall types.

Screening of Outdoor Uses. All outdoor uses shall be adequately screened in accordance with Chapter 17.70, Screening Standards.

(Ord. 1722, 6/18/2024; Ord. 1733, 2/4/2025; Ord. 1743, 10/7/2025)

§ 17.64.040 Landscaping.

Purpose. The purpose of this chapter is to:

Promote an attractive visual environment requiring permanently maintained landscaping;

Promote a transition between land uses and minimize or eliminate conflicts between potentially incompatible uses through landscaping; Soften the appearance of parking lots and other development;

Promote conservation and efficient use of water through proper plant selection and placement and to decrease high summer temperature by blocking heat and glare;

Provide opportunities for carbon sequestration;

Preserve existing established tree canopy; and

Implement the Water Conservation in Landscaping Act.

Applicability. The regulations of this section apply to all new development and improvement of existing uses in the City, including any construction, expansion, or improvement on private property, which requires the issuance of a Building Permit (see § 17.100.130, Building Permit) or other approval by the City. Specific applications are as follows:

New nonresidential projects, multifamily residential projects, and single-family residential subdivisions.

Modification to an existing nonresidential development project that proposes an increase in building square footage by 10% or more. In this case, the designated approving authority for design review shall evaluate the existing landscape to ensure compliance with applicable provisions of this chapter as deemed necessary.

New and rehabilitated nonresidential and multifamily residential landscaping projects that include new irrigated landscaping over 500 square feet.

Change of occupancy of an existing building requiring a change of occupancy permit as defined by the Building Code.

An unpaved area proposed to be used for parking.

The removal of existing trees on vacant/undeveloped, multi-unit, or nonresidential projects. See also Woodland Municipal Chapter 12.48, Trees.

Any other permit when the Director deems it necessary.

Permits Required.

A landscape plan is required in conjunction with project entitlement review identified in subsection B above.

Development Review Tier 1 (see § 17.100.050, Development Review Tier 1) is required for any new or rehabilitated landscaping.

Other Applicable Requirements. In addition to the provisions of this section:

California Green Buildings Standards Code (CalGreen);

California Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance (MWELO);

California Plumbing Code (CPC) may apply to landscape plans at the time of plan review submittal for building, landscaping and/or plumbing permits. Where there is a conflict between CalGreen, MWELO, and CPC and this article, the state requirements prevail;

Development Engineering Post Construction Standards Plan;

Woodland Municipal Code Chapter 12.48, Trees; and

Woodland Municipal Code Chapter 13.32, Water Conservation.

Areas to be Landscaped. The following areas shall be landscaped and may count toward the total area of the site required to be landscaped by the zoning regulations.

Landscape Area Requirements. Minimum landscape area (net lot area) requirements by zone, inclusive of parking lot landscape requirements, are as follows:

R-H Zone. 20%.

CMU-WM, CMU-E, CMU-K, CMU-G, and CMU-F Zones. 10%.

CMU-A, CCMU, and NMU Zones. 15%.

RC-F Zone. 15%.

IF, IG, and BP Zones. 15%.

Required Front and Street-Facing Setbacks.

All required front and street-facing side setbacks, except for areas used for parking, exit and entry, shall be landscaped.

FIGURE 17.64.040.E-1: AREAS REQUIRED TO BE LANDSCAPED

Street Adjacent Walls and Fencing. A landscaping area shall be installed adjacent to that portion of the wall or fence that fronts a public street between the fence or wall and the property line. All plants shall be properly planted, irrigated, and maintained in accordance with § 17.64.040, Landscaping.

For additional landscape buffer requirements in the IF zone, see Section 17.56.0670.M, Additional Site Design Standards in Employment Zones (IF, IG, and BP).

Interior Side and Rear Common Property Lines.

Whenever a development is located adjacent to a zone with a lower maximum intensity, a landscape buffer planted with a mix of trees and shrubs shall be provided along the interior property lines. Tables 17.64.040.E-1, Required Common Property Line Buffers and 17.64.040.E-2, Common Property Line Buffer Types indicate when a buffer treatment is required and what type, based on the abutting zone.

Required screen planting shall have a 75% summer opacity and 60% winter opacity within three years of planting.

Table 17.64.040.E-1: Required Common Property Line Buffers
Zone	Adjoining Zone
Zone	Public or Open Space Zones	R-L or N-P Zone	R-LM, R-M, and R-H Zone	Downtown or Mixed-Use Zone	Commercial Zone	Employment Zone
Public or Open Space Zones	—	Type 1	Type 1	Type 1	—	—
R-L or N-P Zone	—	—	—	Type 1	Type 2	Type 2
R-LM, R-M, and R-H Zone	Type 1	Type 1	—	—	Type 1	Type 2
Downtown or Mixed-Use Zone	Type 2	Type 2	Type 2	—	—	Type 1
Commercial Zone	Type 2	Type 2	Type 2	Type 1	—	—
Employment Zone	Type 2	Type 2	Type 2	Type 2	Type 2	—

Table 17.64.040.E-2: Common Property Line Buffer Types

Buffer Yard Type	Minimum Width	Trees per 100 linear feet of Buffer		Shrubs per 100 linear feet of Buffer		Fencing
Buffer Yard Type	Minimum Width	Large	Small to Medium	Large	Small to Medium	Fencing
Type 1	10 ft	2	2	4	6	Wood or masonry
Type 2	15 ft	2	3	6	8	Masonry

Alternative Buffering or Screening. Alternative means of achieving buffering or screening as required in Tables 17.64.040.E-1, Required Common Property Line Buffers and 17.64.040.E-2, Common Property Line Buffer Types may be considered by the Director or applicable approval authority provided the alternative will achieve the intended purpose for the buffering or screening. Alternative screening measures include, but are not limited to, landscaping, alternate window, and balcony placement, incorporating wing walls or louvers, using glass block or other translucent material, or building placement.

Building Perimeters. The portions of a nonresidential building that front a public street shall have one or more landscape planters installed along a minimum 20% of that building face. The minimum width of the planter shall be three feet or the entire distance between the building and the property line, whichever is less.

Exception. Not applicable to the DX zones.

FIGURE 17.64.040.E-2: BUILDING PERIMETER LANDSCAPING

Interior Areas. All open areas in the interior of a project site shall be landscaped with appropriate plant materials and maintained in good condition as provided in this Code.

Unused Areas. All areas of a project site not intended for a specific use, including areas planned for future phases of a phased development, shall be landscaped or hydro seeded. The Director may waive this requirement for areas planned for near-term future development.

Parking Areas. Parking areas as required by § 17.68.090, Parking Area Development and Design Standards.

Required Parking Area Landscaping.

Minimum Landscaped Area in Parking Areas. A minimum of six percent of the interior portion of a required parking area shall be landscaped in addition to any shading or other requirements.

Landscaping Between Parking Areas and Non-Residential Entrances. A landscaped area at least three feet in width is required between a non-residential entrance and abutting parking area.

Parking Area Landscaping along the Public Right-of-Way.

Along the public right-of-way adjacent to any street front parking there shall be a minimum landscape strip eight feet wide.

Portions of the right-of-way landscape strip may be reduced to five feet when in the opinion of the Director the following conditions are met:

The total amount of required landscaping, as calculated by applying the eight-foot width requirement, is met along the same street frontage;

ii.

The reduction does not preclude the requirement for adequate shading or screening of the parking area; and

iii.

The reduction in required width does not impede any other landscape requirement.

Minimum Planter Sizes Within Parking Areas.

For each tree, a minimum six-foot by six-foot tree well or a planting area a minimum six feet in width shall be provided in an island or finger.

A planter strip, perpendicular to the cars or any planter island/finger, shall be a minimum of five feet by eight feet.

Planter dimensions are measured from the interior side of the curb.

Where large shade tree species as defined in subsection G.16, Trees, below are proposed, fewer planter areas may be considered, subject to Director approval as long as resulting planter areas are larger, such as 12 feet in length by 12 feet in width, and provided that the shade tree requirements of subsection G, Landscape Plans are met.

Parking Lot Tree Planting Requirements.

Trees shall be staked with "Reddy Stake" or equal set 12 inches away from trunk on the prevailing wind side. Nursery stakes shall be removed when setting Reddy Stake. Stakes shall be removed once trees can stand by themselves.

The entire tree planting area shall be excavated to a depth of five feet. Planter shall be backfilled with native soil and necessary amendment prior to planting.

FIGURE 17.64.040.F-1: PARKING LOT LANDSCAPING

Landscape Plans. A landscape plan showing compliance with the standards of this chapter shall be submitted with the permit application for all projects for which landscaping is required. The following may be required, as clarified in the application requirements, as part of the plan set subject to application submittal requirements and the Director's determination; landscape plan, landscape grading plan, irrigation plan, and shading plan.

Information Required. Landscape plans shall be drawn to scale and shall at a minimum include the following:

Proposed plant locations, species type and common name, sizes, quantities, growth rate, and water consumption factor.

Plants with similar water needs shall be grouped together on the landscape plan. The plant factor, established in the California Department of Water Resources study, Water Use Classification of Landscape Species (WUCOLS) shall be identified for all landscaped areas on site.

Proposed landscape features (mounds, steppingstones, benches, sculptures, decorative stones, or other ornamental features) locations, dimensions, and materials.

Proposed landscape structures (sheds, trellises, arbors, gazebos, fire pits, fireplaces, built-in barbeques, decks, retaining walls, and seat walls) locations, dimensions, and materials.

Location and diameter of any existing trees over six inches in diameter, as measured at 48 inches above natural grade, and whether such tree is proposed for retention or removal.

Any erosion control or water runoff measures.

Shade coverage as required in subsection H, General Landscaping Requirements and subsection I, Shade Requirements. At minimum shade plans shall include:

All surface areas, trees drawn to scale representing canopy size at 15 years.

ii.

Percentage of the tree crown for each tree that will result in shading over the parking or right-of-way surface.

iii.

Trees shall receive 25%, 50%, 75%, or 100% shading credit based on their location relative to paved surface. Where canopies overlap, they may not be counted twice.

iv.

Include a table identifying the quantity and type of trees used and the percentage of shade credited to each.

Planting details and methods of application shall be shown.

Construction detail referencing shall be indicated.

Preparation by a Qualified Person. Landscaping for commercial projects and institutional projects and residential projects consisting of more than four units shall be prepared by a California Registered landscape architect. The architect shall indicate compliance with this chapter with a written statement on all prepared landscape construction plan sets and intended compliance on all preliminary or conceptual plans.

General Landscaping Requirements.

General.

Landscaping shall be designed as an integral part of the overall site plan with the purpose of enhancing building design, public views, and spaces, and providing buffers, transitions, and screening.

Planting design shall have focal points at project entries, plaza areas, and other areas of interest using distinct planting and/or landscape features.

Required landscaped areas shall be planted with a combination of ground covers, shrubs, vines, and trees.

Landscaping may include incidental features such as stepping stones, benches, fountains, sculptures, decorative stones, or other ornamental features, placed within a landscape setting.

Landscaped areas may include paved or graveled surfaces, provided they do not cover more than 30% of the area required to be landscaped.

Garden areas and other areas dedicated to edible plants are considered landscaped areas and count toward required landscaping.

Required Water Efficient Plants. Plants shall be one of the following options to ensure that the landscape project meets water efficiency requirements as certified by a qualified landscape professional.

Option A: All Low Water Plants. Exclusive of edible garden areas, all plants and trees shall be low or very low water use (California Department of Water Resources, Water Use Classification of Landscape Species (WUCOLS) plant factor of 0.3). Option A is available for all residential, mixed-use, and non-residential areas.

Option B: Primarily Low Water Plants. Exclusive of edible and decorative garden areas, at least 85% of the landscape area shall contain low or very low water use plants (average WUCOLS plant factor of 0.3). Option B is only available for residential-only areas.

Option C: Water Use Calculation. The estimated total water use (ETWU) of the landscaping shall not exceed the maximum applied water allowance (MAWA), calculated pursuant to the State Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance (MWELO). Option C is available for all residential, mixed-use, and non-residential areas.

Department of Water Resources Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance Compliance Required. Where Option C is selected, all requirements of the Department of Water Resources Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance shall apply.

Hydrozones. Plant materials shall be grouped in hydrozones in accordance with their respective water, cultural (soil, climate, sun, and light), and maintenance needs.

Drought-Tolerant Species. Drought tolerant species and California native species are to be used to the maximum extent possible over non-drought tolerant and nonnative species.

Climate-Adapted Plant Requirement. A minimum of 75% of all non-turf plant materials used in required landscape areas shall be native species or selected from the list of approved low-water-use, climate-adapted plants as maintained by the Community Development Department.

Invasive Plants Prohibited. Plant species that are listed by the California Invasive Plant Council (CAL-IPC) as invasive are prohibited. Existing invasive plants and noxious weeds shall be removed.

Landscaping Adjacent to Paved Areas.

All landscaped areas located adjacent to driveways, loading areas, parking lots and sidewalks shall be protected along the parking lot side with curbs or wheel stops. Alternative treatments may be considered.

A six-inch high curb with a 12-inch wide concrete walkway shall be constructed along planters on end stalls adjacent to vehicle parking spaces.

Landscaping in Public Areas. Public landscaping, including street trees, shall comply with City Standard Specifications.

Preservation of Mature Trees. Existing mature trees on the site shall be preserved whenever it is possible and practical to do so. Site designs shall be prepared to preserve existing trees to the extent possible.

Heritage Oak Trees.

Applicant shall take measures to keep drainage flow around existing Heritage Oak Trees as close to natural state as possible.

Applicant shall take measures to preserve the area to at least one foot outside the dripline of existing heritage oak trees in a natural state.

Native oaks may be surrounded with a variety of shade-tolerant native plants or alternative planting, design, or materials at the Director's discretion and in consultation with the City's Arborist.

10.

Mulch. A minimum three-inch layer of mulch shall be applied on all exposed soil surfaces of planting areas except in turf areas, creeping or rooting groundcovers, or direct seedling applications where mulch is contraindicated.

11.

Compost. Compost at a rate of at least four cubic yards per 1,000 square feet to a depth of six inches into landscape area (unless contraindicated by a soil test) shall be incorporated.

12.

Stormwater/Retention. Subject to Development Review, landscaped areas and setbacks may be used for stormwater management practices provided tree planting and canopy shading requirements are met. Additional planter spacing may be required. Areas designated for landscape-based stormwater treatment must satisfy the Stormwater Permit requirements of Chapter 8.08, Urban Stormwater Quality Management and Discharge Control.

13.

Water Features. Recirculating water shall be used for all decorative water features.

14.

Turf. Turf defined as a ground cover surface of mowed grass is subject to the following limitations.

No more than 25% of landscaped area may be turf.

Installation of turf on slopes greater than 25% is prohibited.

Prohibited in locations that are less than 10 feet wide.

Shall be heat tolerant and lowest water use species available.

Synthetic turf material may be used in place of any proposed turf areas provided synthetic material is located a minimum of six feet from any tree.

15.

Shrubs and Ground Covers. Plants shall be of the following size and spacing at the time of installation:

Ground Covers. Ground cover plants other than grasses must be at least a four-inch container size. Areas planted in ground cover plants other than grass seed or sod must be planted at a rate of one per 12 inches on center.

Shrubs. Spacing of shrubs shall be according to local conditions; the species, cultivars, or varieties used; and their mature height, spread and form. When planted to serve as a hedge or screen, shrubs shall be spaced at 75% of their mature length.

Small Shrub. A small shrub shall have a mature height of three to less than five feet and shall be planted at a minimum from one-gallon containers.

ii.

Medium Shrub. A medium shrub shall have a height of between five and eight feet and shall be planted at minimum from five-gallon containers.

iii.

Large Shrub. A large shrub shall have a mature height of greater than eight feet and shall be planted at minimum from five-gallon containers.

16.

Trees.

Required Trees. Trees shall be provided as follows:

R-L, R-LM, and N-P Zones. A minimum of two trees per frontage. If these are not provided in a landscaped parkway strip between the sidewalk and curb, they must be provided on private property and oriented to the street. Corner lots must provide four trees (two for each frontage) unless a lesser number is permitted by Director based on lot size/frontage limitations and/or dependent on mature canopy size of tree species.

ii.

R-M and R-H Zones. A minimum of one tree per unit.

iii.

Downtown and Mixed-Use Zones. A minimum of one tree per new residential unit.

iv.

Commercial Zones. A minimum of one tree for every 2,000 square feet of lot coverage.

Employment Zones. Trees are only required in employment zones along the front or exterior side perimeter of a parcel. Trees required in other Sections of this Code, such as parking lot trees or street trees, may count toward this requirement provided the required shading is met.

Cumulative Requirement. Trees required in other parts of this Code, including shade requirements, shall apply in addition to these requirements.

Where it is determined that it is not possible to place all required trees, an applicant may request that the Director allow planting in a nearby public facility or through payment of an in-lieu fee.

Tree Size. All required trees shall be a minimum of 15-gallon size. Trees shall be spaced 12 to 15 feet apart, or as otherwise approved by the Director. Spacing of trees shall be according to local conditions; the species, cultivars, or varieties used; and their mature height, spread and form. Newly planted trees shall be appropriately supported.

Small Tree. A small tree shall have a mature height less than 25 feet and shall be at least one-inch in diameter at six inches above ground level.

ii.

Medium Tree. A medium tree shall have a mature height of between 25 and 45 feet and be at least 1.25 inch in diameter at six inches above ground level.

iii.

Large Tree. A large tree shall have a mature height of greater than 45 feet and be at least 1.5 inch in diameter at six inches above ground level.

iv.

Appropriate planter sizing will be determined based on proposed tree sizing at maturity. If larger trees are proposed which have a larger canopy, the planter area shall be increased as needed for the larger tree.

Stakes. Trees shall be staked with metal stakes or equivalent as may be approved by the Director.

Shade Requirements.

Along a Public Right-of-Way. Trees shall be planted and spaced in order to achieve a 50% canopy cover after 10 years. The maximum spacing between trees shall be 35 feet on center and trees shall be drawn to scale representing canopy size at 10 years on a shade tree plan. Existing street trees located in the public right-of-way may be counted to meet this requirement.

Surface Parking Areas. Shade tree planting shall be installed to provide shade over 50% of the auto parking area within 15 years. All required parking is included in the total auto parking area calculation. Areas excluded from the total auto parking area are limited to:

The surface parking area covered by solar photovoltaic shade structures, or shade structures;

Truck loading in front of overhead doors;

Truck maneuvering and main access roads and driveways not used as back-up areas are exempt; and

Surfaced areas for automobile dealerships and areas used for display, service and vehicle storage.

Other Interior Shade Requirements. All multi-unit residential and nonresidential projects shall provide the following in addition to the requirements of subsection E, Areas to be Landscaped.

General Landscape Areas. Shade tree plantings shall be installed to provide shade of 50% of landscape areas within 15 years.

Hardscape Areas. Shade tree plantings shall be installed to provide shade of 50% of hardscape areas, not including parking areas, within 15 years.

Soil Testing. For landscape development projects of over 2,000 square feet a soil test shall be obtained to determine appropriate soil amenities and planting requirements.

Irrigation Specifications. An automatic irrigation system shall be installed that meets the following standards.

Irrigation of Parking Lot Shade Trees. All parking lot shade trees shall be irrigated with either a minimum of two deep watering tubes or drip rings, and in any case shall be on their own valve system separate from the general landscaping valves.

General Requirements.

All irrigation equipment must meet American National Standards Institute (ANSI), American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers/International Code Council (ASABE/ICC) 802-2014 or equal, "Landscape Irrigation Sprinkler and Emitter Standard."

The following areas must be irrigated with subsurface irrigation or other means that produce no runoff or overspray.

Slopes exceeding 25%.

ii.

Areas less than 10 feet wide in any direction.

The irrigation system must be designed to prevent runoff, low head drainage, overspray, or other similar conditions where irrigation water flows onto non-targeted areas such as adjacent property or hardscapes.

Irrigation systems must be designed for zero run-off onto paved surfaces unless that surface drains to another landscape area.

ii.

Spray irrigation must be placed at least two feet from impervious surfaces unless that surface drains to another landscape area.

iii.

Proper irrigation equipment and schedules, including features such a repeated cycle, must be used to closely match application rates to infiltration rates therefore minimizing runoff.

iv.

Slopes greater than 25% must not be irrigated with an irrigation system with an application rate exceeding 0.75 inches per hour. Check valves shall be utilized.

Sprinkler Heads. Where used, sprinkler heads must be selected for proper area coverage, application rate, operating pressure, adjustment capability, and ease of maintenance.

Sprinkler heads and other emission devices must have matched precipitation rates, unless otherwise directed by the manufacturer's recommendations.

Pressure Regulating Equipment. Pressure regulating valves or assemblies shall be installed to ensure that the dynamic pressure at each emission device is within the manufacture's recommended pressure range for optimal performance.

Controllers. Automatic control systems shall be required for all irrigation systems and must be able to accommodate all aspects of the design.

Automatic irrigation controllers must utilize either evapotranspiration or soil moisture sensor data, or rain sensing override devices.

ii.

Irrigation controllers must be of a type which does not lose programing data in the event the primary power source is interrupted.

Control Valves. Plants which require different amounts of water should be irrigated by separate valves.

Installation and Completion.

Consistency with Approved Plans. All landscaping must be installed consistent with approved plans and specifications, in a manner designed to promote and maintain healthy plant growth.

Timing of Installation. Required landscaping must be installed prior to the issuance of a Certificate of Occupancy for the project.

Certification of Completion. Upon completion of the installation of the landscaping and irrigation system, a field observation shall be completed by the licensed project contractor. A certificate of completion shall be submitted to the City by the licensed project contractor. The certificate shall specifically indicate that the plants were installed as specified and that the irrigation system was installed as designed, along with a list of any deficiencies.

Where Required Water Efficient Plan Option C: Water Use Calculation, was installed, the applicant shall submit a Certificate of Completion pursuant to the Department of Water Resources Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance.

Maintenance of Landscaping.

All required landscaping and structural features must be maintained in a healthy and attractive condition as determined by the City, and consistent with the approved landscape plan and Landscape Maintenance Agreement. Maintenance must include, but is not limited to, watering, fertilizing, weeding, cleaning, pruning, trimming, spraying, and cultivating.

Planting areas must be kept free from weeds, debris, undesirable materials which may be detrimental to public safety, drainage, or site appearance.

All plant materials must be maintained free from physical damage or injury arising from lack of water, chemical damage, insects, and diseases. Dying, decayed, untrimmed, or plant materials showing such damage shall be remedied, or replaced in kind consistent with an approved landscape plan.

Prior to the re-occupancy of a building with existing landscaping all portions of damaged or defective irrigation systems, dead, dying, or damaged ground cover, shrubs, and trees must be replaced. Where trees are approved for removal due to maintenance concerns, all portions of the tree, including truck and roots, shall be removed and stumps shall not be left in the landscape. Trees removed shall be replaced where feasible consistent with approved landscape plan or as otherwise approved by Director.

At the discretion of the Director, the City can require financial security, per year, to ensure the maintenance of landscaping.

All landscaped areas in a public street, sidewalk, or right-of-way that is abutting a residential property shall be maintained by the adjoining property owner, unless it is maintained through another mechanism such as a Home Owner's Association or Community Facilities or Landscape District.

Landscaping within a yard shall not obstruct a public street, intersection, sidewalk, or right-of-way either physically or visually.

Tree Protection During Construction.

Tree Protection Zone (TPZ). Prior to the commencement of any construction, demolition, or grading activities, a protective fence of at least four feet in height shall be installed around every tree designated for preservation. The fence shall be located at the edge of the tree's dripline or as otherwise specified by a certified arborist and approved by the Director.

Prohibited Activities within TPZ. The following activities are strictly prohibited within the established Tree Protection Zone: storage of materials, equipment, or excavated soils; parking of vehicles or equipment; dumping of waste or toxic materials; attachment of signs or wires to trees; and any unapproved soil disturbance or grade changes.

Root Protection. Any excavation or trenching approved to occur within the TPZ shall be performed by hand or with the use of an air spade. The cutting of any root two inches in diameter or greater is prohibited without prior approval from the Director.

Tree Protection: Trunk Wrapping Standards.

Applicability. These standards shall apply to all trees subject to protection requirements during construction, demolition, or other site disturbance activities, unless otherwise specified by the City Arborist or designee.

Trunk Wrapping Requirements.

Wrapping Material. Tree trunks shall be wrapped with waddles (also known as fiber rolls or erosion control logs). The waddles shall be secured in place using snow fencing or an equivalent method to prevent displacement during installation and throughout the protection period.

ii.

Wrapping Height. The waddle wrapping shall extend vertically from the base of the tree trunk to a minimum height of 10 feet.

iii.

Vertical Supports. Two-by-four (2x4) lumber, or an approved alternative providing equivalent protection, shall be placed vertically around the circumference of the wrapped tree trunk. These vertical supports shall be spaced no more than four inches apart on-center.

iv.

Securing Method. The waddles and vertical two-by-fours shall be securely fastened to the tree trunk using non-damaging straps, such as rachet straps, or other approved methods that do not penetrate the tree bark.

Prohibited Fasteners. Under no circumstances shall nails, screws, or any other penetrating fasteners be used to attach protective materials directly to the tree trunk.

vi.

Maintenance. All tree protection measures, including trunk wrapping, shall be maintained in good condition throughout the duration of the site disturbance activities and until final inspection and approval by the City Arborist or designee. Damage to or displacement of protective measures shall be repaired or replaced immediately.

(Ord. 1722, 6/18/2024; Ord. 1733, 2/4/2025; Ord. 1743, 10/7/2025)

§ 17.64.050 Outdoor Lighting and Illumination.

Purpose. The purpose of this section is to control outdoor lighting in order to maintain adequate visibility and safety, conserve energy, and protect against glare and excessive lighting. This section is intended to minimize outdoor artificial light that may have a detrimental effect on the environment, astronomical research, and enjoyment of the night sky. These provisions are also intended to reduce the unnecessary illumination of adjacent properties and the use of energy.

Applicability. The standards of this section apply to all new development and to exterior alterations and additions for multifamily residential, commercial, industrial, mixed-use, and public/quasi-public uses that involve replacement light fixtures or systems, except as provided below.

Exemptions. The following lighting is exempt from the provisions of this section.

Public and private street lighting.

Athletic field lights used within a school campus or public park.

Safety and security lighting for public facilities.

Construction and emergency lighting provided the lighting is temporary and discontinued immediately upon completion of the construction work or abatement of the emergency.

Seasonal lighting displays related to cultural or religious celebrations.

Prohibitions. The following types of exterior lighting are prohibited.

Searchlights. The operation of searchlights for advertising purposes.

Mercury Vapor. Mercury vapor lights.

Other Light Types. Laser lights or any other lighting that flashes, blinks, alternates, or moves.

Outdoor Lighting Plans Required.

When Required. A preliminary outdoor lighting plan shall be submitted as part of each planning permit application, and a final plan shall be submitted as part of an application for a Building Permit (see § 17.100.130, Building Permit) for a new structure, an addition of 25% or greater, or modification or replacement of existing lighting. A final outdoor lighting plan is required for all new outdoor lighting installations on commercial, mixed-use, multi-unit residential, industrial, and institutional properties. The Director may request outdoor lighting plans from applicants for other types of projects due to location, size, or proposed use, as necessary.

Plan Content. At a minimum, an outdoor lighting plan shall include the following:

Manufacturer specification sheets, cut sheets, and other manufacturer-provided information for all proposed outdoor light fixtures to show fixture diagrams and outdoor light output levels;

The proposed location, mounting height, and aiming point of all outdoor lighting fixtures;

If building elevations are proposed for illumination, drawings of all relevant building elevations showing the fixtures, the portions of elevations to be illuminated, the illumination level of the elevations, and the aiming point for any remote lighting fixture;

Photometric data including computer generated photometric grid showing foot-candle readings every 10 feet within the property or site and 10 feet beyond the property lines; and

The existing or proposed location of all large shrubs and/or trees to be shown on separate and coordinated plan, which illustrates lighting distance from trunk, and impact of tree canopy size and height as existing or at maturity.

Permits Required.

An outdoor lighting plan, as determined by the Director, may be required for the projects identified in subsection B, Applicability above.

An outdoor lighting plan may be required as part of the submittal for Development Review to ensure safe and appropriate installation of outdoor lighting systems.

General Requirements. Outdoor lighting shall be designed to be an integral part of the built environment, reflecting a balance for the lighting needs with the contextual ambient light level and surrounding nighttime characteristics of the community. Lighting for commercial installations adjacent to or near residential uses shall be compatible with and not directly illuminate nearby residential uses.

Maximum Height. The maximum height of outdoor lighting shall be as indicated in Table 17.64.060.F-1, Maximum Height of Outdoor Lighting Fixtures.

Table 17.64.050.F-1: Maximum Height of Outdoor Lighting Fixtures

Location	Maximum Height
Any residential zone or within 100 feet of any residential zone	16 feet¹
Downtown and Mixed-Use zones	18 feet¹
Commercial and Employment zones	25 feet¹

Notes:
1.	The approval authority may allow additional height for activities, uses, or development with unique lighting needs; accentuating historic architectural features of a building; accentuating signage and/or landscape features; or for security purposes.

Trespass. All lights shall be directed, oriented, and shielded to prevent light trespass or glare onto adjacent properties. The light level at property lines shall not exceed 0.3 foot-candles. Full cutoff shielding shall be used where adjacent to lower intensity residential uses.

Pedestrian Scale Lighting. Pedestrian-scaled lighting, less than 15-feet in height, shall be used to illuminate areas used for pedestrian circulation. Bollard-type light fixtures may also be used.

Landscape Accent Lighting. Landscape lighting fixtures shall be concealed-source fixtures.

Coordination with Landscape Features. All proposed individual lighting on poles, shall be coordinated with the location of existing or proposed trees and appropriate distances observed based on species and maximum growth habit.

Lighting Design.

All lighting shall meet the International Dark Sky Associations (IDA) and Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA) for "Cut Off" or "Full Cut Off" luminaire, as well as minimizing blue light emission (recommend a color temperature of no more than 3,000 Kelvins; S/P ratio less than or equal to 1.2).

Fixtures shall be appropriate to the style, material, colors, and scale of the architecture. Fixtures on buildings shall be attached only to walls or eaves, and the top of the fixture shall not exceed the height of the parapet or roof or eave of roof. Lighting fixtures must be architecturally integrated with building style, material, and colors.

Timing Controls. All outdoor lighting in nonresidential development shall be on a time clock or photo-sensor system and turned off during daylight hours and during hours when the building or, in the case of shopping centers, all buildings, are not in use and the lighting is not required for security.

Temporary Seasonal Lighting—Exempt. Temporary seasonal lighting installed between Thanksgiving and January 1 is exempt from this chapter.

Supplemental Requirements.

Multi-Unit Residential Buildings.

Lighting in parking areas, garage areas, and carport areas shall be maintained with a minimum of one foot-candle of illumination at the ground level during the hours of darkness.

Aisles, passageways, and recesses related to and within the building complex shall be illuminated with an intensity of at least 0.25 foot-candles at the ground level during the hours of darkness.

Nonresidential Buildings.

Lighting in parking areas, garage areas, carport areas and pedestrian walkways shall be maintained with a minimum of one foot-candle of illumination at the ground level during the hours of darkness.

All exterior doors, during the hours of darkness, shall be illuminated with a minimum of 1.0 foot-candle of light.

(Ord. 1722, 6/18/2024; Ord. 1733, 2/4/2025)

§ 17.64.060 Projections into Required Setbacks.

Building projections may extend into required yards in accordance with the standards of Table 17.64.060-1: Allowed Building Projections into Required Setbacks.

Table 17.64.060-1: Allowed Building Projections into Required Setbacks
Projection	Front, Street Side	Interior Side	Rear Yard
Cornices, eaves, sunshades, and similar architectural features supported from the structure; chimneys	Max. 2 ft.	Max. 2 ft.	Max. 2 ft.
Bay windows	Max. 3 ft.	Max. 2 ft.	Max. 3 ft.
Balconies, fire escapes, uncovered stairs that service upper stories¹	Max. 2 ft.	Max. 0 ft.	Max. 1 ft.
Stoops, or landings, entry roof cover, portico, awning, or pergola²	Max. 3 ft.	Max. 2 ft.	Max. 3 ft.
Porches and decks³	Max. 6 ft. in residential zones; max. 3 ft. in all other zones	Max. 2 ft.	Max. 2 ft.
Ramps and similar structures that provide access for persons with disabilities	Reasonable accommodation will be made, consistent with the Americans with Disabilities Act; See § 17.100.160, Reasonable Accommodation for Persons with Disabilities.

Notes:
1.	Balcony may project up to two feet in a rear setback as long as the setback is at least 15 feet.
2.	Typically a limited projection to provide cover over a doorway or entry.
3.	Must be open on at least three sides. May not be closer than five feet to a street-facing property line or three feet to an interior property line.

All building projections are subject to all applicable requirements of the Building Code.

In no cases may any building projection extend closer than three feet to an interior lot line or public utility easement.

(Ord. 1722, 6/18/2024; Ord. 1733, 2/4/2025)

§ 17.64.070 Public Art.

Purpose. The purpose of this section is to establish clear guidelines, design standards, and procedures for integrating public art into construction projects throughout the City of Woodland. The City has determined that public art is a critical element in providing for a diverse and culturally rich environment for Woodland residents and visitors. Public art fosters economic development and activity and promotes cultural tourism by enlivening the public areas of buildings and expressing the vitality and heritage of the community. A well-conceived work of art can increase the value of a development project as well. Public art may enhance urban revitalization efforts as the overall image, beauty, and liability of the community are enhanced. Accordingly, to achieve these purposes, the City Council has determined that public art should be regularly integrated into new development projects Citywide, however, it is the intent of this section that this be a collaborative process between the City representatives and the applicant at all stages of the process with substantial deference to the applicant for how he or she wishes to incorporate public art within the project.

Public Art Requirement.

Public Art Obligation Calculation. Developers of commercial construction projects, as defined and specified below, shall be subject to the public art requirement as outlined in this section. The project specific public art obligation shall be based on project construction costs as defined in this section and as further outlined below:

Nonresidential Construction. Private nonresidential developments with a construction cost exceeding $350,000 and subject to site plan or design review approval shall devote an amount of not less than one percent of the construction cost for public art. Construction costs, as defined in this section, shall not include any portion of the project that includes system and operational equipment costs, grading, sidewalk repair or reconstruction, landscape installation, or utility facilities. Any developer of a nonresidential development project with construction costs that exceed $350,000 may submit a request to the Review Authority for a less expensive public art contribution, provided that the developer also submits documentation showing that such a contribution would be prohibitively expensive for project delivery.

Public Construction. Public construction projects with a construction cost exceeding $350,000 shall devote an amount of not less than one percent of the construction cost for public art subject to determination of sufficient funding. The construction cost shall be verified by the City Engineer, and the cost shall not include the portion of any project that includes underground public works projects, tree planting, street or sidewalk repair or reconstruction, or utility facilities with the exception of administrative buildings. A maintenance plan shall be developed to ensure any public art constructed as a component of a public construction project is adequately maintained and preserved.

Cell Towers/Monopoles. Private construction of a new cellular tower or monopole to support wireless telecommunications antennas and connecting appurtenances shall pay $10,000 for public art, unless public art is directly incorporated into the design and stealthing of the tower, as approved by the Director or Review Authority.

Public Art Obligation Satisfaction Options. A developer may choose one of the following options to satisfy his or her public art obligation subject to the review and approval of the Review Authority for the project, except as otherwise stated below:

Install public art on the project site in a public place as approved by the Review Authority. The creator of the public art shall be an artist as defined in this section;

Pay an in-lieu fee in an amount equal to one percent of the development project construction cost to the public art fund for the creation, acquisition, and placement of public art in the City. Payment of an in-lieu fee shall be subject to approval by the Director and not subject to further Review Authority approval; or

Place the required public art on an alternative project site in a location approved by the Review Authority.

Exemptions. The following development projects shall not be subject to the requirements of this section:

Repair or reconstruction of structures that have been damaged by fire, flood, wind, earthquake, or other calamity;

Historic rehabilitation and/or preservation projects;

Seismic retrofits or flood protection work performed on existing buildings and structures that do not otherwise qualify as new construction projects;

Fire sprinkler installation work items as defined in Chapter 8.20, Fire Prevention and Emergency Services, as part of an existing project;

Solar or other renewable energy installation and energy efficiency upgrades as part of an existing project; and

Infill development projects, either new construction or redevelopment of existing structures, that are located within the DX-1, DX-2, and DX-3 zones.

Design and Installation Standards.

General. The public art shall relate in terms of scale, form, and material to the proposed project and adjacent buildings with regards to architecture and landscaping style to best complement the project site and its surroundings.

Location.

Public Place. The public art shall be located in an exterior area on public or private property that is clearly visible to the general public as determined by the Review Authority.

Public art commissioned by the City using the public art fund may be moved from time to time as part of a gallery collection placed in public buildings such as City Hall, the Library, or other publicly accessible facilities.

Maintenance. The developer shall submit a maintenance plan to the Review Authority for review and approval, shall maintain the public art, and shall be responsible for all maintenance costs for the duration of the public art's placement.

Compliance. Prior to obtaining a Certificate of Occupancy, the developer shall demonstrate compliance with this section through one of the following:

Completed installation of the required public art that satisfies the provisions of this section and any other conditions specified by the Review Authority's approval;

Payment of the applicable in-lieu fee as outlined in subsection C.2; or

Written proof submitted to the Director of a contract to commission or purchase and install the required public art that was approved by the Review Authority for the development project. A performance security, in an amount and form determined by the Director, shall accompany such contract to adequately secure performance of the required public art.

Public Art Fund. Public art in-lieu contributions shall be placed into the public art fund within the City's General Fund, and maintained, managed, and reviewed by the Director. The public art fund shall be used solely to acquire, commission, design, install, place, improve, and maintain public art throughout the City, consistent with the purpose and objectives of this section. A reasonable percentage of the public art fund may be allocated for project administration, management, and curatorial services as well as the preservation and maintenance of artworks in the City art collection. The City Council shall review the public art fund as part of its annual budget review and approve allocations of public art funds upon the recommendation of the Director or the Review Authority. Allocation of public art funds shall consider available reserves for ongoing maintenance of City-owned public art. The City Council shall be the final approval authority on all public art projects undertaken through the public art fund upon the recommendation of the Director or Review Authority.

Developer's Pre-Application Proposal.

Developer's Proposal. For each construction project subject to this section's requirements, the developer shall propose to the Director and the Review Authority one or more of the methods for the provision of public art described in subsection B, Public Art Requirement.

Pre-Application Meeting. Following submission of the developer's proposal, a pre-application meeting with the developer, Director and/or the Review Authority is recommended for newly proposed public art to review the proposal and development requirements and design and location standards for the type of public art proposed, and to ensure a qualified artist is used. When available, it is recommended that the applicant provide preliminary site plan and visual impact drawings to aide in the pre-applicant review process. These meetings are voluntary, and no fees shall be paid for the City's review of material provided at this stage.

Review of Pre-Application Developer's Proposal. The Director and/or Review Authority shall review and respond to the developer's proposal, if necessary, by recommending modifications to the proposed application.

Applications for Public Art Review.

Form and Content. A proposal for all new public art installations shall be processed upon the application of the developer or its agent, subject to the following:

The developer shall file a completed application with the Director in a manner prescribed by the City.

The developer shall submit a vicinity map or site plan depicting the proposed public art installation location and dimensions.

The developer shall submit photographs and/or elevations of the buildings located on site or those approved for development on site.

The Director will verify that the public art will not interfere with use of other adjacent buildings or facilities, pedestrian access to public sidewalks, or public safety.

When applicable, the developer shall submit material samples, color boards, photo simulations, or other graphic illustrations necessary for the Review Authority to determine potential visual impact of the proposed project, and the public art's style, scale, and design as compared to the project and surrounding buildings. The visual representation shall show the proposed public art as it would be seen from surrounding properties from various perspectives.

The developer shall submit the proposed artist's qualifications.

The developer shall submit a proposed maintenance plan for the public art.

The developer shall submit all required processing and application fees. Such fees may be set and amended by resolution of the City Council.

Approval for Public Art Applications. The Review Authority shall review the public art component of the project as part of its consideration of the overall project in those cases where the applicant elects to submit an art installation for approval. The Review Authority shall determine if the proposed public art complies with the requirements of this section and shall approve or require resubmission with recommended modifications or conditions for approval based on the findings for approval.

Findings for Approval for Public Art Applications.

The proposal meets or exceeds the criteria of this section and is consistent with the General Plan and applicable land use designations.

The public art is consistent and compatible in its size, design, and appearance with the development and design of the proposed project and surrounding structures and neighborhood.

The public art will be adequately maintained so as to ensure and preserve its purpose as a permanent piece of public art in the City.

Appeals. Any person dissatisfied with the decision to either approve, modify, or deny an application for public art, may file an appeal in accordance with the procedures set forth in either § 17.96.160, Appeals, as applicable.

(Ord. 1722, 6/18/2024; Ord. 1733, 2/4/2025)

§ 17.64.080 Refuse and Recycling Enclosures.

Purpose. To ensure the appropriate collection and disposal of solid waste, recyclable materials, and organic waste.

Applicability. All residential and nonresidential properties shall have appropriate solid waste and recycling containers and enclosures to ensure the safe storage and access to the required facilities.

Other Applicable Requirements.

Woodland Municipal Code Chapter 13.08, Solid Waste, Recyclable Materials, and Organic Waste Service.

Woodland Municipal Code Chapter 13.36, Recyclable Materials.

Woodland Municipal Code Chapter 13.72, Organic Waste Disposal Reduction.

Trash Enclosures.

For projects that are comprised of individual units with individual trash pick-up, each unit shall be designed to accommodate the required number of trash containers. The project shall provide for the storage in a screened location during the week and provide for the adequate placement of such containers on trash pick-up day.

Trash enclosures shall be required for multiple family, commercial and industrial uses. All of the following shall apply regarding materials, construction, and design:

The walls of trash enclosure structures shall be constructed of solid masonry material with a decorative exterior surface finish compatible with the main structure(s). The trash enclosure walls shall be a minimum of six feet in height, and the minimum dimensions shall be adequate for the size and number of dumpster and recycling bins.

The trash enclosure structure shall have solid heavy gauge metal gates. Decorative gates are encouraged in the Downtown Districts.

The trash enclosure shall feature a floor and approach that is paved with a durable, all- weather surface.

Trash receptacles shall be covered or a cover structure shall be constructed above the enclosure so as to protect its contents from the elements.

The trash enclosure for residential developments should be designed to allow walk-in access by residents without requiring the main enclosure gates to be opened.

Where compactors are installed, the compactor shall include plumbing directed to the sewer system to capture leaks and spills.

Signage identifying the types of recyclable materials accepted for collection at the trash enclosure shall be conspicuously posted within the enclosure.

The trash enclosure shall be designed so that adverse impacts such as noise, odor, vectors, or glare are minimized through the use of adequate separation, fencing, landscaping, or other means.

If visible from public view, the perimeter of the trash enclosure structure shall be planted with landscaping, including a combination of shrubs and/or climbing evergreen vines consistent with screening requirements of Chapter 17.70, Screening Standards.

All trash enclosures and compactors shall meet the standards for noise and odor as established in Chapter 17.76, Performance Standards.

(Ord. 1722, 6/18/2024; Ord. 1733, 2/4/2025)

§ 17.64.090 Swimming Pools and Spas.

Applicability. Swimming pools, spas, and any body of water having a depth of more than 18 inches and related equipment shall comply with the standards of this section.

Water Containing Portions of Swimming Pools and Spas. The outside wall of the water containing portion of any swimming pool or spa shall be located as follows.

Front Setback. The outside wall of the water containing portion of any swimming pool or spa shall be located on the rear half of the lot as measured from the front property line.

Street Side Setback. The outside wall of the water containing portion of any swimming pool or spa shall be located a minimum of 10 feet from the street side property line. Where the lot is enclosed by a masonry subdivision perimeter wall, the street side setback is five feet.

Rear and Interior Side Setbacks. The outside wall of the water containing portion of any swimming pool or spa shall be located a minimum of five feet from the interior side and rear property line.

Dwelling Unit Setback. The outside wall of the water containing portion of any swimming pool or spa shall be located a minimum of five feet from the exterior wall of any dwelling unit.

Filter, Heating, and Maintenance Systems. All filter, heating, and maintenance systems and equipment shall not be located within any required setback adjacent to a public street, or within three feet of an interior side or rear property line, or within 10 feet of the living area of any dwelling unit on an adjacent parcel unless located within a soundproof enclosure.

(Ord. 1722, 6/18/2024; Ord. 1733, 2/4/2025)

§ 17.64.100 Vehicle/Truck Parking and Storage.

Applicability. This section applies to commercial truck storage, recreational vehicles, boats, trailers, portable storage, inoperable vehicles, permanent trailers, and portable storage/ISO containers in all zones.

Truck Storage.

Commercial Trucks. The parking of commercial trucks, excluding semi-trailers, in support of and ancillary to a primary existing business is permitted in nonresidential zones.

Semi-Trailers/Eighteen-Wheelers.

Large scale semi-trailers are permitted in Commercial and Employment zones in support of and ancillary to a primary existing business. Limited term parking is permitted in Commercial zones and in the Industrial Flex zone for the delivery and pick up of goods.

Longer-term parking/storage is permitted only in the Industrial General zone, associated with and in support of large-scale manufacturing and distribution uses.

Freight/trucking facilities as a standalone or primary use are not permitted.

Landscaping and Screening.

Trucks shall be located behind the primary building and away from any public right of way whenever feasible. If infeasible, there shall be a minimum 10-foot landscape area along all streets to provide screening, unless a greater setback is required elsewhere in this Code.

Additional screening and landscaping, as determined by the Director may be required where necessary to prevent visual impacts on public view or adjacent properties.

Operational Requirements.

Truck or vehicle repairs shall be reviewed through an appropriate entitlement process and shall occur within enclosed buildings.

There shall be no dismantling of trucks.

Trucks oriented for the purpose of advertising is prohibited.

Retail sales of vehicles is prohibited unless part of an approved entitlement.

Surface Paving. All parking and maneuvering areas shall be graded, prepared, and paved/surfaced per standards for parking lots. Truck parking on an unimproved surface is prohibited.

Recreational Vehicles, Boats, and Trailers. Recreational vehicles, fifth wheel trailers, boats, trailers, etc., collectively referred to as "recreation vehicles" in this section may be permitted per the provisions below, provided that they are not subject to Chapter 17.128, Enforcement. See "Indoor Warehousing and Storage," and/or "Storage Yard" provisions in the use tables for long-term storage of recreational vehicles.

Habitation. Recreational Vehicles may not be used for sleeping or habitation unless permitted per § 17.84.240, Manufactured Home Parks, RV/Trailer Parks, and Manufactured Buildings.

R-L, N-P, and R-LM Zones.

One recreational vehicle may be stored off the street and on a residential property in the RL, NP, or RLM zone, as long as it is parked on an impervious surface.

Recreational vehicles shall not be parked in R-M, R-H, CMU, or CCMU zones.

The recreational vehicle must be registered to the current homeowner or long-term tenant.

Recreational vehicle parking may only be accessed by an approved driveway approach. Access to recreational vehicle parking shall not require driving a vehicle over a curb, parkway landscaping, or utility infrastructure and shall not require the removal of any required protected tree(s) as outlined in the City Tree Ordinance, including street trees, unless mitigation is approved by the City.

Second driveways shall only be allowed in accordance with § 17.68.090.F, Driveways.

Recreational vehicles shall not be parked in a manner that is highly visible or unsightly, such as parallel to a front home.

Recreational vehicles must be parked a minimum of five feet from the back of a sidewalk in order to ensure adequate sight visibility. Additional setbacks may be required to ensure consistency with the sight visibility requirements of § 17.64.110, Visibility at Intersections.

Recreational vehicles shall be subject to the same side and rear setback standards as required for accessory structures, § 17.64.020.D.1.

Recreational vehicles shall be operational. Flat tires, broken windows, tarp covering not made specifically for the vehicle shall not be permitted. Construction-related trailers shall be removed upon completion of the construction or repairs.

All Other Zones.

No personal recreational vehicle may be parked for more than 12 hours in any month on a site and shall not encroach into the public right-of-way. Areas used for this purpose shall be located outside of any required yard and/or any landscape areas.

Recreational vehicles shall not be parked in R-M, R-H, CMU, or CCMU zones.

Off-site overnight parking may be permitted in Commercial and Employment zones where out of immediate view of the public right-of-way.

Camping is prohibited. Refer to Municipal Code Chapter 9.48, Camping Within the City Limits.

Parking areas shall be graded, prepared, and paved/surfaced per standards for parking lots. Parking on an unimproved surface is prohibited.

Trailers oriented for the purpose of advertising are prohibited.

Repair and/or retail sales of recreational vehicles is prohibited unless part of an approved entitlement.

Recreational Vehicles at Hospitals. Hospitals may provide recreational vehicle parking areas for hospital visitor overnight stays, provided the hospital provides utility connection areas.

Inoperable Vehicles. In addition to the standards of § 9.04.030, Acts Constituting a Nuisance, the following standards apply to inoperable vehicles.

Residential Districts. Inoperable vehicles in residential districts shall not be visible from the public right-of-way. Inoperable vehicles may only be stored on non-permeable surfaces in residential garages, or rear or side yards. Inoperable vehicles shall be limited to one per lot.

Nonresidential Districts. In nonresidential districts inoperable vehicles shall be screened from public streets. If staging for repair, as part of an approved entitlement, vehicles may only be visible for up to eight hours prior to being moved into the repair garage. Inoperable vehicles may not be stored in public view overnight unless the vehicle was transported to the site after business hours.

Permanent Trailers/Portable Storage/ISO Containers. Permanent Trailers, Portable Storage, or ISO Containers, collectively referred to as "prefabricated storage containers" in this section, may be permitted per the provisions below, provided that they are not subject to Chapter 17.128, Enforcement.

R-L, R-LM, NP, and R-M and R-H Zones.

In the R-L, R-LM, NP, and R-M zones, prefabricated storage containers are not permitted for storage purposes.

In the R-H zone, prefabricated storage containers that are not habitable, and intended as storage, shall comply with all accessory structure standards including height, setbacks, screening, lot coverage requirements; shall be properly anchored in place on a permanent foundation; shall be architecturally compatible with existing or approved on-site development; and are subject to a Development Review Tier 2 Permit (see § 17.100.060, Development Review Tier 2: Major).

In all Residential zones (R-L, R-LM, N-P, R-M, and R-H), prefabricated storage containers that are architecturally treated and designed consistent with applicable Building Code requirements to be habitable, may be considered as a building material with approval of a Development Review Tier 2 Permit (see § 17.100.060, Development Review Tier 2: Major) or applicable entitlement process if discretionary review is required.

Structures shall be architecturally compatible with existing or approved on site development.

ii.

Structures must include architectural features such as openings (door/windows) and architectural projections such as awnings, trellis, patio covers.

iii.

Painting only does not meet the requirements of this section.

All Other Zones. In all other zones, prefabricated storage containers (uninhabitable) intended to be permanent or on a parcel in excess of one year, shall require a Zoning Administrator Permit (see § 17.100.090, Zoning Administrator Permit) and are subject to Development Review Tier 3 (see § 17.100.070, Development Review Tier 3) for design and placement of the container, including landscaping as appropriate to screen the facility, mitigate blank wall surfaces, and provide shade and reduce heat. The container shall be properly anchored in place on a permanent foundation or as otherwise required by Building Code. See also § 17.84.370.B.4, Temporary Prefabricated Storage, Shipping, or Cargo Containers.

Temporary and Portable Storage Units. Temporary and portable prefabricated storage containers may be parked on a driveway or in a parking space in all zones for the purposes of loading and unloading.

Units may not be on site for more than 96 hours in a month.

Units shall not encroach into the public right-of-way (sidewalk), nor be placed in the street or front lawn, unless the lot does not have a driveway, then it may be placed in the front yard.

Units that will be on site longer than 96 hours shall be subject to the temporary use provisions of § 17.84.370.B.4, Temporary Prefabricated Storage, Shipping or Cargo Containers.

(Ord. 1722, 6/18/2024; Ord. 1733, 2/4/2025)

§ 17.64.110 Visibility at Intersections.

Sight Distance. Sight distance is the length of roadway or driveway visible to a driver. No foliage, fences, or structural features shall extend into the cross-visibility area between three and one-half feet and seven feet above the surface of the public sidewalk or finished grade where the sidewalk does not exist.

Cross-Visibility Area.

Intersection of Driveways or Alleys and Public Rights-of-Way. The cross-visibility area at the intersection of a driveway and a public right-of-way is a triangle having two sides 10 feet long and running along the driveway and public right-of-way, with the two 10-foot sides beginning at the intersection and the third side formed by a line connecting the two ends. All measurements shall be from the back edge of the sidewalk, or the edge of the roadway pavement if no curb exists. Intersections of private nonresidential driveways and alleys may be subject to stricter provisions at the discretion of the City Engineer.

Intersection of Two Public Rights-of-Way. The cross-visibility area at the intersection of two public rights-of-way is a triangle having two sides "X" feet long and running along each public right-of-way, with the sides beginning at their intersection and the third side formed by a line connecting the two ends (see City of Woodland Engineering Standard 13.05 and Figure 13A). All measurements shall be from the back edge of the sidewalk, or the edge of the roadway pavement if no curb exists.

Table 17.64.110.B-1: Cross Visibility Triangle Side Lengths
Zone	Length of Side "X"
Residential Zones	30 feet
Downtown Zones	16 feet
Mixed-Use Zones	18 feet
Commercial Zones	20 feet
Employment Zones	20 feet

Modifications. Sight visibility requirements may be modified depending on traffic safety considerations as determined by the City Engineer. Modifications may be required depending on roadway or alley classification, traffic speeds, obstructions, or other site visibility concerns.

Conflicts in Standards. Wherever there may be a conflict between two standards, the most restrictive shall apply.

FIGURE 17.64.110.B-1: CROSS-VISIBILITY AREAS

(Ord. 1722, 6/18/2024; Ord. 1733, 2/4/2025)