For purposes of this article, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
"Applied water"means the portion of water supplied by the irrigation system to the landscaped area.
"Automatic irrigation controller"means a timing device used to remotely control valves that operate an irrigation system. Automatic irrigation controllers are able to self-adjust and schedule irrigation events using either evapotranspiration (weather-based) or soil moisture data.
"Backflow prevention device"means a safety device used to prevent pollution or contamination of the water supply due to the reverse flow of water from the irrigation system.
"Certified irrigation designer"means a person certified to design irrigation systems by an accredited academic institution, a professional trade organization, or other program such as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Water Sense irrigation designer certification program and Irrigation Association's Certified Irrigation Designer program.
"Certified irrigation system auditor"shall mean a person certified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency's WaterSense irrigation partners program and Irrigation Association's Certified Landscape Irrigation Auditor program.
"Check valve," or "anti-drain valve,"means a valve located under a sprinkler head, or other location in the irrigation system, to hold water in the system to prevent drainage from sprinkler heads when the sprinkler is off.
"Compost"means the safe and stable product of controlled biologic decomposition of organic materials that is beneficial to plant growth.
"Drip irrigation"means any non-spray low volume irrigation system utilizing emission devices with a flow rate measured in gallons per hour. Low volume irrigation systems are specifically designed to apply small volumes of water slowly at or near the root zone of plants.
"Emitter"means a drip irrigation emission device that delivers water slowly from the system to the soil.
"Established landscape"means the point at which plants in the landscape have developed significant root growth into the soil. Most plants are established after one or two years of growth.
"Estimated total water use"(ETWU) shall mean the estimated total water used for the landscape.
The estimated total water use (ETWU) shall be calculated using the equation |
ETWU = (45.4) x (0.62) x ETAF x Area |
where 45.4 represents the annual evapotranspiration rate for the city; 0.62 represents the conversion factor from inches per year to gallons per year; and ETAF is "ET adjustment factor," which means a factor of 0.55 for residential areas and 0.45 for nonresidential areas when applied to reference evapotranspiration, adjusting for plant factors and irrigation efficiency, two major influences upon the amount of water that needs to be applied to the landscape. The ETAF for new and existing (nonrehabilitated) special landscape areas shall not exceed 1.0. The ETAF for existing nonrehabilitated landscapes is 0.8, and area, in square feet, of all landscape areas on a site. |
"Evapotranspiration"means the combination of water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil and plant surfaces.
"Flow rate"means the rate at which water flows through pipes, valves and emission devices, measured in gallons per minute, gallons per hour or cubic feet per second.
"Flow sensor"means an in-line device installed at the supply point of the irrigation system that produces a repeatable signal proportional to flow rate. Flow sensors must be connected to an automatic irrigation controller or flow monitor capable of receiving flow signals and operating master valves. This combination flow sensor/controller may also be functional as a landscape water meter or submeter.
"Friable"means a soil condition that is easily crumbled or loosely compacted down to a minimum depth per planning material requirements, whereby the root structure of a newly planted material will be allowed to spread unimpeded.
"Fuel modification plan guidelines"means guidelines from a local fire authority to assist residents and businesses that are developing land or building structures in a wildland urban interface fire hazard zone.
"Graywater"means untreated wastewater that has not been contaminated by any toilet discharge, has not been affected by infectious, contaminated, or unhealthy bodily wastes, and does not present a threat from contamination by unhealthful processing, manufacturing, or operating wastes. Graywater includes wastewater from bathtubs, showers, bathroom washbasins, clothes washing machines, and laundry tubs, but does not include wastewater from kitchen sinks or dishwashers.
"Hydrozone"shall mean an area in a landscape with similar sun exposure, irrigation precipitation rate, soil conditions, root depth, slope, and plant material with similar water needs as indicated in WUCOLS.
"Maximum applied water allowance"shall mean the upper limit of annual applied water for the established landscaped area. The maximum applied water allowance (MAWA) shall be calculated using the equation
MAWA (residential) = (45.4) x (0.62) [(0.55 x LA) + (0.45) x SLA)] |
MAWA (nonresidential) = (45.4) (0.62) [(0.45 x LA) + (0.55) x SLA)] |
MAWA (existing landscape) = (0.8)(45.4)(LA)(0.62) |
where 45.4 represents the annual evapotranspiration rate for the city; 0.62 represents the conversion factor from inches per year to gallons per year; LA is the area, in square feet, of all landscaping on a site; and SLA is the area, in square feet, of all special landscape areas on a site. In mixed use developments, the total MAWA for the project shall be the sum of the MAWA calculated individually for the portion of the irrigated landscape area associated with residential use classifications and the portion of the irrigated landscape area associated with all other uses. |
"Mulch"means any organic material such as leaves, bark, straw, compost, or inorganic mineral materials such as rocks, gravel, or decomposed granite left loose and applied to the soil surface for the beneficial purposes of reducing evaporation, suppressing weeds, moderating soil temperature, and preventing soil erosion.
"Plant factor"is a factor that, when multiplied by the evapotranspiration rate, estimates the amount of water needed by plants, as specified on WUCOLS. The plant factor ranges from 0 to 0.1 for very low water using plants, 0.1 to 0.3 for low water using plants, from 0.4 to 0.6 for moderate water use plants, and from 0.7 to 1.0 for high water use plants.
"Rain sensor"means a component which automatically suspends an irrigation event when it rains.
"Reference evapotranspiration" or "ETo"means a standard measurement of environmental parameters which affect the water use of plants. ETo is expressed in inches per day, month, or year, and is an estimate of the evapotranspiration of a large field of four- to seven-inch-tall, cool-season grass that is well watered.
"Special landscape area"shall mean an area of the landscape dedicated solely to edible plants, such as vegetable gardens or orchards; areas irrigated with recycled water; water features using recycled water; cemeteries; and areas dedicated to active play, such as parks, sports fields, golf courses, and where turf provides a playing surface. Special landscape areas and areas irrigated with recycled water are subject to the MAWA with an ETAF not to exceed 1.0.
"Submeter"means a metering device to measure water applied to the landscape that is installed after the primary utility water meter.
"Swing joint"means an irrigation component that provides a flexible, leak-free connection between the emission device and lateral pipeline to allow movement in any direction and to prevent equipment damage.
"Turf"means a ground cover surface of mowed grass. Kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, red fescue and tall fescue are examples of cool-season grasses. Bermuda grass, Kikuyu grass, seashore paspalum, St. Augustine grass, zoysia grass and buffalo grass are examples of warm-season grasses.
"Valve"means a device used to control the flow of water in the irrigation system.
"Water feature"means a design element where open water performs an aesthetic or recreational function. Water features include ponds, lakes, waterfalls, fountains, artificial streams, spas and swimming pools, where water is artificially supplied.
"WUCOLS"shall mean the Water Use Classification of Landscape Species, published by the University of California Cooperative Extension, the Department of Water Resources, and the Bureau of Reclamation, 2000.
(Ord. 10-1341 § 3 (Exh. A), 2010; Ord. 20-1475 § 2, 2020)