[9-21-2022 by Ord. 1782]
The purpose of this Chapter is to prescribe site regulations that apply, except where specifically stated, to development in all zones and are intended to ensure that proposed development is compatible with existing and future development on neighboring properties. These standards shall be used in conjunction with the standards for each zone established in Article 2 (Zone Regulations). In any case of conflict, the standards specific to the zone shall control.
[9-21-2022 by Ord. 1782]
A. 
Applicability.
The standards in this Section shall apply in all residential, commercial, and mixed-use zones.
B. 
Block Size.
The maximum block size shall be no greater than 4 acres in size. No block shall be greater than 400 feet in length without a publicly-accessible path or street connecting from one public right-of-way to another public right-of-way or turn around point. Alleys do not count as a connecting street or publicly-accessible path.
C. 
External Connectivity.
Streets within any proposed building/development site shall, to the extent feasible and unless alternatively approved by the Director, be aligned with existing and planned streets and pathways in the surrounding area to create a continuous street pattern. All streets, alleys, pedestrian and bike pathways in any building/development site shall connect to other streets and to existing and planned public sidewalks, streets, open spaces, and bike paths outside the proposed development to the extent feasible. Any dead-end street longer than 300 feet shall be connected to other streets by a pedestrian path.
D. 
Multi-Modal Site Access.
Pedestrian and bike connections shall connect to existing and proposed public sidewalks, streets, transit stops, open spaces, bike paths, bicycle parking areas, and automobile parking areas adjacent to the project site.
1. 
A pedestrian pathway or multi-use path (pedestrian and/or bicycle) between buildings or through parking lots from the sidewalk to the interior of the site shall be provided for every 400 feet of a project's frontage.
a. 
Pedestrian pathways/sidewalks shall have a minimum six-foot wide unimpeded throughway for the extent of the path or sidewalk.
b. 
Multi-use paths through sites that connect two parallel public or publicly-accessible rights-of-way shall permit 24-hour access for pedestrians, cyclists, and as appropriate emergency vehicles, and shall provide at minimum a 12-foot-wide path within a minimum 20-foot-wide public access easement.
2. 
Pedestrian pathways/sidewalks connecting to the public sidewalk and other planned or existing pedestrian routes or trails shall be provided. A pedestrian pathway/sidewalk shall connect the primary building entry or entries to the public sidewalk on each street frontage. Pedestrian pathways/sidewalks a minimum five feet wide shall be provided from the public right-of-way to all primary entryways, common areas, guest/customer vehicle parking and bicycle parking areas.
E. 
Internal Streets and Paths.
Internal private drives, streets, and paths shall meet the following standards:
1. 
Private streets shall be a minimum of 26 feet wide, including a clear 20-foot-wide path of travel, and be designed consistent with City standards in the City Design and Engineering Manual. All publicly-accessible private streets and multi-use pathways shall provide a minimum of one tree per 35 linear feet of street/pathway.
2. 
Private streets, including emergency vehicle access areas, shall be set back a minimum of five feet from interior property lines.
3. 
Differentiated paving materials, textures (i.e., stamped patterns), and/or colors shall be required where pedestrian paths cross parking areas (where applicable).
4. 
Private streets shall include on both sides of a street a minimum 6-foot wide sidewalk with a minimum 4-foot wide planting strip. Trees shall be planted at a minimum average spacing between trees of 35 feet. Shrubs and groundcover shall cover at least 30 percent of the planting strip. See also the City standards in the City Design and Engineering Manual.
5. 
Private streets and paths shall be publicly accessible 24 hours a day.
6. 
Buildings fronting internal streets and paths, both public and private, shall follow all standards as if the building has a front parcel line at the back of walk for the internal street or path.
F. 
Access.
Appropriate access routes necessary for fire and safety access, subject to City approval, shall be provided for all areas of a project. See also the City standards in the City Design and Engineering Manual.
[9-21-2022 by Ord. 1782]
A. 
Measurement of Setbacks.
1. 
Required setbacks shall be measured as the minimum horizontal distance from the nearest point of the front, side, or rear property line of the parcel to the nearest wall of the structure (see Figure 3.02.03-1. Measurement of Setbacks), with the following exceptions:
a. 
When a property abuts a street with a required dedication or easement, the required setback shall be measured from the dedication/easement line.
b. 
Where a specific street plan has been adopted by the City Council, site area and required yards shall be measured from the plan line.
2. 
Generally, the front yard setback is determined by the front lot line, which is the lot line paralleling the street.
3. 
For flag lots and other irregularly shaped parcels, the front lot line is determined to be the narrowest portion of the lot. For flag lots, this excludes the narrow portion of the lot that represents the "pole."
4. 
For through lots/double frontage lots, both lot lines are front lot lines and the lot is considered to have no rear lot line.
FIGURE 3.02.03-1. Measurement of Setbacks
B. 
Setback and Yard Requirements.
1. 
Except as permitted in Subsection C (Encroachments into Minimum Required Setbacks), or as otherwise specified in this Code for specific types of structures (e.g., accessory structures, signs) or through the issuance of a variance, structures shall not extend beyond required setback lines as established for each zone in Article 2 (Zone Regulations).
2. 
A required yard area is the yard space between the property line and the minimum setback as required by this Code. Lot and yard types are further defined in Article 7 (Definitions).
3. 
On a reversed corner lot, the minimum street side yard shall be no less than the required front yard on the adjoining key lot.
4. 
Except as otherwise permitted, front and street side yards shall be used only for landscaping, pedestrian walkways, driveways, or off-street parking.
C. 
Encroachments into Minimum Required Setbacks.
Projections such as eaves, cornices, awnings, louvers, porches, stairs, flues, and chimneys may encroach into required setbacks according to the standards of Table 3.02.03-1. (Allowed Encroachments into Setbacks), subject to all applicable requirements of the Building Code. The "Limitations" column states any dimensional, area, or other limitations that apply to such projections. Table 3.02.03-1 applies to all zones unless otherwise specified. Any projection over City property is subject to City discretion and issuance of an encroachment permit.
TABLE 3.02.03-1: Allowed Encroachments into Setbacks
Projection
Front/Street Side Yard
Interior Side Yard
Rear Yard
Limitations/Additional Regulations
All projections
• Unless otherwise specified, no projection may extend closer than three feet to an interior lot line or into a public utility easement.
• The total area of all building projections shall not exceed 35 percent of the primary building facade area. Primary building facade is the facade built at the property or setback line.
• Where any allowance of this Code conflicts with applicable building codes, the more restrictive shall apply.
Architectural Features (Eaves, Cornices, Bay Windows, Chimneys)
3 ft
3 ft
3 ft
• May encroach to within 3 feet of property line.
• Aggregate width of oriel or bay windows shall not exceed 50% of the length of the wall in which they are located and the width of any individual oriel or bay window shall not exceed 10 feet.
• Upper-floor architectural projections shall have a minimum vertical clearance of 8 feet above grade.
Weather Protection (awnings, canopies)
5 ft from building face at property line or at the minimum setback line
To within 3 feet of rear and side property lines.
May encroach beyond the front property line over sidewalk in instances where the minimum setback is less than 5 feet with an encroachment permit.
Weather protection shall have a minimum vertical clearance of 8 feet above grade.
Open, unenclosed fire escapes and fireproof outside stairways
4 ft
4 ft
4 ft
May encroach to within 3 feet of property line. May be covered but not enclosed.
Uncovered and unenclosed porches, landings, decks, patios, stoops, and similar features less than 4 ft in height
6 ft
5 ft
6 ft
May encroach to within 5 ft of property line.
Uncovered and unenclosed stairs, porches, landings, decks, patios, stoops, and similar features exceeding 4 ft in height, and upper-level balconies and decks
3 ft
3 ft
6 ft
May encroach to within 5 ft of property line.
Covered patios and porches attached to main structure
4 ft
0 ft
6 ft
May encroach to within 5 ft of property line. May be covered but not fully enclosed.
Uncovered steps and ramps under 4 ft in height
To within 3 ft of property line
To within 3 ft of property line
To within 5 ft of property line
Outdoor fireplaces
May not encroach
No closer than 5 feet from a property line, except when adjacent to permanent open space such as a golf course, common landscape or hardscape area, drainage channel, and the like, in which case it may be within 3 feet of the property line
The height of the chimney may be up to six feet unless required to be higher to comply with building code requirements. In such cases, the height shall not be higher than the minimum height required by the adopted building codes.
Ponds, waterfalls, and other water features
No closer than 5 feet from a property line, except when adjacent to permanent open space such as a golf course, common landscape or hardscape area, drainage channel, and the like, in which case it may be within 3 feet of the property line.
Within 5 feet of any property line, the height of water features shall not exceed 6 feet when adjacent to a residentially zoned property.
Evaporative coolers, air conditioners, and compressors
May not encroach
To within 3 feet of rear and side property lines.
Cannot be located in front of any building.
Pools and Spas
See Section 3.02.05 (Swimming Pools and Spas)
Accessory Structures
See Section 3.02.04 (Accessory Structures)
FIGURE 3.02.03-2. Allowed Encroachments into Setbacks
D. 
Encroachments Allowed without Restrictions.
The following features are allowed anywhere in any required yard without restriction:
1. 
Plant material including trees, shrubs, vines, hedges, and ground cover.
2. 
Uncovered landscape features such as paths, benches, flagpoles, sculptures, and similar decorative features.
3. 
Retaining walls, berms, earthen mounds, embankments, and other fill, subject to building and/or grading permits.
4. 
Fences, hedges, and walls not exceeding the maximum allowed height per Section 3.02.10 (Fences, Walls, and Screening).
5. 
Trellises and arbors to support vines and planting.
6. 
Entry features such as gates, arbors, and similar entry features not exceeding eight feet in height, ten feet in width, and three feet in depth.
7. 
Irrigation, drainage, and lighting systems.
8. 
Utility poles, wires, and pipes.
9. 
Stormwater treatment features.
10. 
Public art.
11. 
Bicycle parking.
12. 
Disabled access features, including, but not limited to, ramps and mechanical lifts, as required by the California Building Code and/or Americans with Disabilities Act.
[9-21-2022 by Ord. 1782]
A. 
Purpose and Intent.
This Chapter establishes development standards for detached residential accessory structures. The purpose of this Chapter is to protect the public health, safety, and welfare by maintaining safe distances between structures, establishing architectural compatibility between primary structures and certain types of accessory structures, and minimizing potential impacts associated with lot coverage, privacy, and maintenance of light and air space.
B. 
Applicability.
The requirements contained in this Section shall apply to detached accessory structures on private property and shall be in addition to any other development standards contained elsewhere in this Code. These include, but are not limited to, garages, carports, sheds, workshops, gazebos, and covered patios, that are detached from and accessory to the main building on the site. In the event of a conflict between the provisions of this Section and any other provisions of this Code, the stricter regulation shall control. For the purposes of this Code, accessory dwelling units are not considered accessory structures; accessory dwelling units are governed by the requirements of Chapter 4.02 (Accessory Dwellings Units) and are exempt from the requirements of this Section. Structures with a common wall or roof with the main building shall be considered part of the main building. The provisions of this Section also do not apply to accessory buildings or structures attached to the main building, which shall comply in all respects with the requirements of this Code applicable to the main building. Allowed building projections into yards and required building separations are provided in Section 3.02.03C (Encroachments into Minimum Required Setbacks).
C. 
Development Standards for Accessory Structures.
1. 
Relation to Existing Structures.
A detached accessory building or structure may only be constructed on a lot on which there is a permitted main building to which the accessory building or structure is related.
2. 
Amenities.
Accessory structures shall not contain indoor cooking facilities (combination of a sink, cooking apparatus, and refrigeration appliance) and shall not be designed for full-time living, guest accommodation (i.e., guesthouses), or rental purposes (see Chapter 4.02 (Accessory Dwelling Units). Pool houses that conform to the requirements of this Chapter are permitted. Accessory structures may have plumbing for a washer, dryer, toilet, shower, and/or utility sink.
3. 
Separation Between Structures.
Minimum distance between structures shall be provided in accordance with the regulations set forth in Article 2 (Zone Regulations) for each zone.
4. 
Lot Coverage.
The total lot coverage of the main dwelling, any accessory dwelling unit, and/or any accessory structures shall not exceed the maximum lot coverage as established by the applicable zone.
5. 
Setbacks and Heights.
Accessory structures shall meet the setback and height standards provided in Table 3.02.04-1. Accessory Structure Setbacks and Height Limits).
TABLE 3.02.04-1: Accessory Structure Setbacks and Height Limits
Accessory Structure
Minimum Setback from Property Line1
Maximum Height1
Front
Street Side
Rear/Interior Side
Detached garage
Same as for primary structure
Same as for primary structure
3 ft
14 ft
Structure/Building, < 80 sf and < 6 ft tall
Same as for primary structure
Same as for primary structure
3 ft
6 ft
Structure/Building, < 80 sf and > 6 ft tall
Same as for primary structure
Same as for primary structure
3 ft
14 ft
Structure/Building, > 80 sf and > 14 ft tall
Same as for primary structure
Same as for primary structure
5 ft
20 ft
Play Equipment
Same as for primary structure
Same as for primary structure
3 ft
14 ft
1.
In the DE-1 zone, maximum height for barns and stables shall be 35 feet. Stables and barn yards shall be set back at minimum 50 feet from all property lines.
FIGURE 3.02.04-1. Accessory Structure Setbacks
[9-21-2022 by Ord. 1782]
Swimming pools, spas, and any body of water having a depth of more than 18 inches and related equipment shall comply with the following standards, in addition to all applicable requirements of the Building Code.
A. 
Water-Containing Portions of Swimming Pools and Spas.
The outside wall of the water-containing portion of any swimming pool or spa shall be located as follows:
1. 
Front Setback.
The outside wall of the water-containing portion of any swimming pool or spa shall not encroach into the front setback area unless approved by the Director due to special lot conditions.
2. 
Street Side Setback.
The outside wall of the water-containing portion of any swimming pool or spa shall be located a minimum of 10 feet from the street side property line. Where the lot is enclosed by a masonry subdivision perimeter wall, the street side setback is five feet.
3. 
Interior Side and Rear Setbacks.
The outside wall of the water-containing portion of any swimming pool or spa shall be located a minimum of five feet from the interior side and rear property lines.
4. 
Dwelling Unit Setback.
The outside wall of the water-containing portion of any swimming pool or spa shall be located a minimum of five feet from the exterior wall of any dwelling unit.
FIGURE 3.02.05-1. Swimming Pool and Spa Setbacks
B. 
Pool Filter, Heating, and Maintenance Systems.
All pool and spa filter, heating, and maintenance systems and equipment shall not be located within any required setback adjacent to a public street, or within three feet of an interior side or rear property line, or within 10 feet of the living area of any dwelling unit on an adjacent parcel unless located completely within a soundproof enclosure.
[9-21-2022 by Ord. 1782]
A. 
Height Limit at Street Corners.
Development proposed adjacent to any public or private street, or an alley intersection, shall be designed to provide a traffic safety visibility area (i.e., sight triangle) for pedestrian and traffic safety.
1. 
Measurement of Visibility Area.
The traffic safety visibility area is the triangle formed at the intersection of two streets and/or alley rights-of-way by measuring 20 feet along both the front and side property lines and connecting the lines diagonally across the property.
2. 
Height Limit.
No structure, sign, or landscaping shall exceed three feet in height within the traffic safety visibility area (i.e., sight triangle), unless approved by Public Works.
FIGURE 3.02.06-1. Visibility Area
B. 
Height Limit at Driveways.
A minimum sight triangle extending ten feet shall be maintained at all driveways.
1. 
Pedestrian Safety.
Within a driveway sight triangle, no plant material, tree trunks, signage, walls, fences, or any other obstructions shall interfere with the driver's view of pedestrians on a public sidewalk.
2. 
Height Limit.
Within the driveway sight triangle, signage, walls, fences, etc., shall not exceed three feet in height. Within the driveway sight triangle, plant material shall not exceed three feet in height at maturity; trees shall be trimmed so that branches are at least seven feet above top of curb level.
[9-21-2022 by Ord. 1782]
A. 
Applicability.
This Section applies to stand-alone non-residential uses in the city. See Section 3.02.08 (Refuse and Recycling) for regulations on refuse and recycling areas.
B. 
Undergrounding of Utilities.
All new utility boxes and equipment and utility connections shall be undergrounded unless otherwise prohibited by the utility provider (e.g., water backflow prevention device that must be placed above ground) or the City Engineer grants an exemption following his/her determination that such undergrounding is not practicable.
C. 
Location of Service Areas, Storage, Utilities, and Equipment.
All above-ground utilities and equipment (e.g., electric and gas meters, fire sprinkler valves, irrigation backflow prevention devices, etc.), service areas, and storage areas shall be integrated into building and landscape design and located to minimize impact on the pedestrian experience and neighboring properties by following the standards below:
1. 
Utilities and equipment, service, storage, and non-passenger loading areas shall be located inside of buildings or on non-primary street frontages, alleys, parking areas, and/or at the rear or side of building.
2. 
Utilities and equipment, service, storage, and non-passenger loading areas shall not be located within the minimum setback areas, along mid-block pedestrian connections, within the public right-of-way, and/or within 25 feet of a street corner.
3. 
Utilities and equipment, service, storage, and non-passenger loading areas shall be fully screened from view per Subsection D (Service, Storage, Utility, and Equipment Screening) below.
D. 
Service, Storage, Utility, and Equipment Screening.
All service and storage areas, utilities, and equipment not housed inside buildings shall meet the following screening standards:
1. 
Screening shall be equal to or higher than the height of the equipment to be screened, unless specified otherwise.
2. 
Screening shall be made of a primary exterior finish material used on other portions of the building, architectural grade wood or masonry, metal, or landscape screening that forms an opaque barrier when planted.
E. 
Location and Screening of Rooftop Equipment.
Rooftop elements including roof access, mechanical equipment, and other features needed for the function of the building shall be located to minimize visual impact by meeting the following requirements. Mechanical equipment less than two feet in height, solar panels, wind generators, or green roof features are exempt from these requirements.
1. 
Mechanical equipment shall be set back a minimum of 10 feet from the roof edge or screened with a parapet wall.
2. 
Rooftop equipment shall be screened such that it is not visible from any point at or below the roof level of the subject building (see Subsection D (Service, Storage, Utility, and Equipment Screening)).
[9-21-2022 by Ord. 1782]
A. 
Applicability.
Any new development project for which an application for a building permit is submitted after the Effective Date of this ordinance shall include adequate, accessible areas for collecting and loading refuse and recyclable materials. These regulations apply to refuse and recycling areas not accessible to the public, and which are used exclusively by the tenants/owners of the development site. The provisions of this Section apply to all development except:
1. 
Single-family or multi-family residential development projects that do not necessitate communal or shared trash and recycling areas/containers. In such cases, no enclosure structure shall be required, however individual trash and recycling containers shall be stored in such a manner that containers are not visible or screened from public view from the front of the property. Containers may be placed in public view for purposes of collection.
Effective December 31, 2024, all existing developments, except single-family or multi-family residential development projects that do not necessitate communal or shared trash and recycling areas/containers, must also comply with the provisions of this Section. The Director or designee shall have the discretion, as set forth in Subsection G, to provide adjustments or exceptions to assist existing businesses with compliance to this Section.
B. 
General Requirements.
1. 
Trash and recycling containers and collection areas shall be adequate in capacity, number, and distribution to accommodate all waste generation of the site. An area for the storage of trash shall be provided with minimum clear dimensions of five feet by seven feet for all multi-family residential uses of four to 19 dwelling units, and for all non-residential uses with a gross floor area of less than 5,000 square feet. Multi-family residential uses with 20 or more dwelling units, and non-residential uses with 5,000 square feet of gross floor area or more, shall provide trash storage areas with the minimum size determined by the local disposal service based on the type of use, the size of the refuse area proposed, and the frequency of refuse collection.
2. 
Adequate and accessible enclosures for the storage of trash and recyclable materials shall be provided. An alternative to a trash/recycling enclosure shall include the placement of a bin in a concrete or metal lined pit. The use, location, design, construction, and accessibility of enclosures shall conform to the requirements in this Code, and shall be reviewed by the local disposal service and approved by the Director.
3. 
When a site is retrofitted or upgraded to comply with refuse and recycling standards, the location of any new enclosures shall be reviewed by the local disposal service and approved by the Director. A maximum of one parking space per enclosure may be eliminated if it can be shown that the elimination of said parking space will not be deleterious to the circulation and parking conditions on site.
4. 
Solid waste collection areas shall not be used for storage or other purposes.
C. 
Location.
1. 
Refuse and recycling collection areas shall be located inside of buildings or inside of enclosures located along alleys or in parking areas at the rear or side of buildings. Refuse collection areas are prohibited within any required front yard, street side yard, any required parking spaces, landscape areas, and open space areas.
2. 
Enclosures shall be located a minimum of 10 feet from any structure, 25 feet from any public street, 15 feet from a private street and, in non-residential areas, 20 feet from any residential zoned property line.
3. 
The location of enclosures shall not conflict with circulation or parking conditions on site. A condition shall not be created where a parked vehicle will obstruct access to an enclosure nor where a disposal truck will obstruct parked vehicles.
D. 
Access.
The storage area for refuse and recyclable materials shall be accessible to pedestrians (both residents and/or employees) of the development site and to refuse and recycling haulers. Vehicle access requirements are as follows:
1. 
Driveways or travel aisles leading to exterior collection areas or enclosures shall be a minimum of 16 feet in width and paved in accordance with this Code's paving requirements.
2. 
Where driveways do not extend from street to street, a turnaround area for collection vehicles shall be provided. Minimum turning radius for collection vehicles at 26/46.
3. 
Driveways or travel aisles shall provide unobstructed paved access for collection vehicles and provide a minimum of 15 feet vertical clearance. In loading areas, minimum overhead vertical clearance shall be 25 feet for loading operations.
4. 
A concrete apron or pad, having a minimum size of 10 feet wide by 20 feet long, shall be constructed in front of each exterior collection area or enclosure or at the point of pick-up by the collection vehicle. The purpose of this pad is to prevent damage to the surrounding asphalt paving. The pad shall have a level surface (no slope) and shall be paved with concrete. The Director may waive the requirement for, and/or size of, the concrete apron or pad provided the property owner can demonstrate that the existing asphalt located at the access and servicing areas of the refuse and recycling enclosure has withstood on-going, regular use without appreciable degradation.
E. 
Enclosures.
Exterior collection areas must be within an enclosure that meets the following standards.
1. 
Minimum Height.
Enclosures shall be adequate height to fully screen containers and materials within, with a minimum height of six feet.
2. 
Design and Materials.
Trash/recycling enclosures shall be constructed of a primary exterior finish material and color used on other portions of the building, architectural grade wood or masonry, metal, or decorative block.
3. 
Pedestrian Access.
A pedestrian access and separate access for primary collection shall be provided.
4. 
Controlled Access and Roofing.
Refuse and recycling enclosures must be fully enclosed, including solid roofing over the structure to block rainfall and prevent uncontrolled access to collection areas. Lids must always remain closed except when loading or unloading.
5. 
Gates.
Solid metal gates painted to match the enclosure shall be required. All gates shall be post mounted. Gates shall be secured with a padlock approved by the local disposal service.
6. 
Protection from Bins and Vehicles.
Concrete curbs, bollards, or wheel stops shall be installed or constructed inside the enclosure to prevent bins from damaging the enclosure. Concrete curbs or equivalent shall protect the exterior of enclosures from adjacent vehicle parking and travel ways.
F. 
Maintenance.
Maintenance of each enclosure area and any bins and containers shall be the responsibility of the property owner. The property owner shall be responsible for keeping the area clean and free of litter, rodents, and insects. Enclosures that are damaged to the point of non-use will result in a service interruption if the hauler cannot access the containers and shall be repaired or replaced within 60 calendar days following notification by the City.
G. 
Procedures and Exceptions.
The Director shall have the authority to approve exceptions, or consider modified design standards, to the requirements of this Section, for existing and new development projects, and projects involving the expansion or retrofit of an existing development. The property owner/applicant must first prove that he/she cannot meet the requirements for the refuse and recycling collections areas as set forth in this Section and any other applicable Section.
1. 
Reasons for Exceptions.
Exceptions may be approved for reasons including, but not limited to, the following:
a. 
The requirement to provide adequate space for refuse and recyclable materials storage and collection would necessitate the conversion or removal of required parking spaces or required landscaping, or would conflict with some other essential site improvement required by the City;
b. 
The nature of the proposed development justifies the provision of less recyclable materials storage and collection space than mandated by this Section; or
c. 
Construction of the full enclosure would reduce the vehicular access aisle to less than acceptable width. Cost alone is not a valid reason for granting an exception.
2. 
Required Findings.
Exceptions from any provision of this Section may be approved if the following findings can be made:
a. 
That the exception from these requirements will not be detrimental to public health, safety, or welfare nor result in a nuisance; and
b. 
That the project will provide adequate capacity, number, and distribution of collection areas to serve the new or existing development.
FIGURE 3.02.08-1. Solid Waste Trash Enclosure Specification Sheet
[9-21-2022 by Ord. 1782]
A. 
Purpose.
The purpose of this Section is to establish minimum landscape standards to enhance the appearance of developments, reduce heat and glare, control soil erosion, conserve water, establish buffers and screening between land uses or of unsightly features, and to ensure the ongoing maintenance of landscape areas.
B. 
Applicability.
These standards shall apply to all new development and major additions or renovations of existing properties/structures in the City (as defined in Article 7 (Definitions)). This Section shall not apply to the following:
1. 
Properties zoned OS (Open Space).
2. 
Properties zoned RR (Resource Recovery).
C. 
Landscape and Irrigation Plan and Review Process.
1. 
Projects Subject to the Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance.
a. 
Applicability.
All project that meet the criteria below shall comply with the Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance, as follows.
i. 
New development projects with an aggregate landscape area equal to or greater than 500 square feet requiring a building permit, Zoning Clearance, or Planning Review.
ii. 
Renovated landscape projects with an aggregate landscape area equal to or greater than 2,500 square feet requiring a building permit, Zoning Clearance, or Planning Review.
b. 
Process.
A landscape documentation package shall be prepared and approved in accordance with Indio Municipal Code Section 54.064.2 (Water Efficient Landscape Development Standards). The landscape documentation package requirements can be found in Ordinance 1684.
2. 
All Other Landscape Projects.
a. 
Applicability.
All other landscape projects that do not meet the criteria listed above.
b. 
Landscape and Irrigation Plan.
A landscape and irrigation plan shall be submitted to the Director in conjunction with site improvement plans. The plans shall show the exact location of and irrigation for trees, shrubs, and ground cover. The landscape plan shall include, at a minimum, plant name, plant quantity, plant size, location of impervious surfaces, minimum landscape coverage and percentage live plant material, utilities and lighting, irrigation system, and plans for tree retention and removal where applicable. The landscape plan shall also include a water budget that includes the estimated water use (in gallons), the irrigated area (in square feet), precipitation rate, and flow rate in gallons per minute.
3. 
Landscape Plan Review Process.
The following landscape plan review process shall be conducted in conjunction with review for the proposed action, pursuant to the requirements of Article 6 (Administration and Procedures).
a. 
Approving Authority.
The approving authority shall be the same as the approving authority of the permit or approval sought for new projects or modifications to existing development. to existing development.
b. 
Approval of Plans.
The approving authority shall review and approve the landscape and irrigation plan prior to issuance of building permits or planning entitlements for new projects or modifications to existing development.
c. 
Approval Required.
The landscaping shall not be installed until the applicant receives approval of the landscape and irrigation plan by the approving authority and any applicable permits have been issued.
d. 
Changes to Approved Plans.
Changes to the approved landscape and irrigation plans that affect the character or quantity of the plant material or irrigation system design are required to be resubmitted for approval before installation.
D. 
Irrigation and Water Efficient Landscape Standards.
Required landscape areas shall be supported by a permanent, automatic irrigation system coordinated to meet the needs of various planting areas. Proper irrigation shall be provided for healthy plant growth and maturation, and shall be designed to avoid the watering of structures, public walkways, and pedestrian access areas.
A landscape documentation package prepared and approved in accordance with Indio Municipal Code Section § 54.064.2 (Water Efficient Landscape Development Standards) shall be required for any project that is subject to the procedures and standards set forth in that Section. For all other projects, the following apply:
1. 
Irrigation systems shall be designed to avoid runoff, excessive low head drainage, overspray or other similar conditions where water flows or drifts onto adjacent property, non-irrigated areas, walkways, roadways, or structures.
2. 
Low-volume irrigation systems with automatic controllers shall be required. Low-volume irrigation systems include low-volume/high-efficiency sprinkler heads, bubbler, drip irrigation, and soaker hose emitters. Irrigation systems shall be equipped with a meter or submeter and backflow preventer.
3. 
Automatic controllers shall be set to water between 7:00 p.m. and 10:00 a.m. to reduce evaporation.
4. 
An irrigation schedule indicating the four seasons of watering cycles is recommended for all irrigated landscape areas, and is required for those projects with a total landscape area of 2,500 square feet or more.
E. 
Timing of Installation.
Required landscape and irrigation improvements shall be installed prior to the issuance of a certificate of occupancy by the Building Official unless specified otherwise in the project's conditions of approval.
F. 
Minimum Landscape Coverage and Live Plant Material.
Yards and setback areas shall be landscaped in accordance with the regulations set forth in Article 2 (Zone Regulations) which establishes minimum landscape coverage and percentage of live plant material required for each zone. Areas devoted to parking, driveways, and walkways are excluded from the calculation of minimum landscaped area. Live plant materials include groundcover, shrubs, and trees. The remainder of landscaped yard and setback areas may be rock, gravel, pebbles, stones, or similar natural non-living material. Landscaped areas shall be top dressed with a rock, gravel, or an approved alternative to avoid exposed bare soil. Synthetic turf may be counted towards the required minimum landscape coverage, but does not count as live plant material. Required landscaping of public and common open spaces can be found in Article 2 (Zone Regulations).
G. 
Plant Types.
1. 
Drought-Tolerant and Native Species.
Landscape planting shall incorporate at minimum 50 percent drought-tolerant and native species (especially along natural, open space areas), and shall be suitable for the soil and climatic conditions specific to the site.
2. 
Group Plants by Water Use.
Plants shall be grouped according to their water needs and irrigated separately from other groupings to promote water efficiency.
3. 
Street and Parking Lot Trees.
a. 
Street and parking lot trees shall be selected from the Coachella Valley Water District's "Lush and Efficient: Desert-Friendly Landscaping in the Coachella Valley" guidebook.
b. 
Trees planted within ten feet of a street, sidewalk, paved trail, parking area, or walkway shall be a deep-rooted species or shall be separated from hardscapes by a root barrier to prevent physical damage to public improvements.
H. 
Turf and Synthetic Turf.
1. 
Turf areas shall be limited to activity or recreation areas.
2. 
Synthetic turf may be used as a substitute for natural turf for the purposes of water conservation, or in high activity or foot-traffic areas such as sports fields. The following standards shall apply to the use and maintenance of synthetic turf.
a. 
Synthetic turf shall consist of lifelike individual blades of grass that emulate real grass in look and color and have a minimum pile height of one and one-half inches.
b. 
Synthetic turf used for pet areas shall be specifically formulated for that purpose.
c. 
A proper drainage system shall be installed underneath to prevent excess runoff or pooling of water.
d. 
Synthetic turf shall be installed and maintained to effectively simulate the appearance of a well maintained lawn.
e. 
The use of indoor or outdoor plastic or nylon carpeting as a replacement for synthetic turf or natural turf shall be prohibited.
f. 
Trees should be kept a minimum of 10 feet away from synthetic turf areas.
g. 
Synthetic Turf Maintenance Guidelines.
i. 
Synthetic turf should be maintained free of moss, mold, algae, and fungi growth.
ii. 
Chemical agents or contaminated water should not be applied to synthetic turf.
iii. 
A turf groomer should be used to maintain the distribution of the infill material in the turf and to raise the turf fibers. Brushing should be performed every couple weeks, raking of the turf should be performed once a month, and cleaning/sanitizing should be performed once a year.
I. 
Plant Size, Spacing, and Location.
In order to achieve an immediate effect of a landscape installation and to allow sustained growth of planting materials, minimum plant material sizes, plant spacing, and minimum planter widths (inside measurements) are as follows:
1. 
Shrubs Size.
All proposed shrubs, except accent, color, or ground cover planting, shall be a minimum 5 gallons in size, with a 15-gallon minimum size where required for screening. The minimum planter width for shrubs is 3 feet.
2. 
Trees Size.
The minimum planting size for trees shall be 15-gallon, with 25 percent of all trees on a project site planted at a minimum 24-inch box size. Minimum planter width for trees shall be 5 feet.
3. 
Spacing.
The spacing of trees, shrubs, and ground cover plants shall accommodate mature planting size. Where required for screening, spacing shall form an opaque barrier when planted.
4. 
Location.
Trees and shrubs shall be located and spaced to ensure unobstructed access for vehicles and pedestrians and provide clear vision at intersections per Section 3.02.06 (Visibility Area).
J. 
Landscape Maintenance.
All landscaping shall be kept in an orderly condition, as follows:
1. 
Prior to the installation of landscaping in the public right-of-way, the developer shall provide for the continued maintenance by an agreement with the City of Indio.
2. 
Lawn and ground cover shall be trimmed or mowed regularly. All planting areas shall be kept free of weeds and debris.
3. 
All plantings shall be kept in a healthy and growing condition. Fertilization, cultivation, and pruning shall be a part of regular maintenance. Good horticultural practices shall be practiced in all instances.
4. 
Irrigation systems shall be kept in working condition. Adjustments, replacements, repairs, and cleaning shall be a part of regular maintenance.
5. 
All significantly injured, decayed, or dead trees and other plant material shall be replaced within thirty days.
6. 
Trees and shrubs shall not overhang or encroach upon walkways, drives, parking areas, and traffic signs to the extent that they interfere with the use of these areas. Tree limbs which overhang public sidewalks shall be kept trimmed to a height of at least eight feet above the sidewalk level. Tree limbs which overhang the street shall be kept trimmed to a height of at least 13 feet above the street level.
7. 
Trees shall be staked and tied with lodge poles at the time of installation.
8. 
Stakes and ties on trees shall be checked regularly for correct functions. Stales and ties shall be adjusted to avoid creating abrasions or girdling on trunks or branches, and removed after trees are well-established.
K. 
Parking Lot Landscaping.
Parking lot landscaping includes perimeter planters, abutting parking lots and drive aisles, tree planting for parking lot shade, and a combination of continuous planting strips, planting fingers, and parking islands throughout the parking lot. The following parking lot landscape requirements are applicable to parking lots in commercial, industrial, mixed-use, and residential developments with five or more spaces.
1. 
Parking Area Landscape Plans.
Landscape and automatic system plans, including the type and location of plant materials, shall be submitted to and approved by the applicable Review Authority either as a part of a review process applicable to the subject property or prior to the issuance of building permits if no such review process is required.
2. 
Minimum Landscaping and Distribution.
a. 
Minimum Landscaping.
A minimum of 15 percent of the total off-street open parking area shall be landscaped with a mixture of trees, shrubs, ground cover, and other plant material. A minimum of one-third of the required landscaping shall be distributed within the interior of the parking facility and the remaining two-thirds of the required landscaping shall be provided as peripheral planting on the exterior edges of the parking area. The parking area shall be computed by adding the areas used for access drive aisles, stalls, maneuvering, and landscaping within that portion of the premises that is devoted to vehicular parking and circulation.
b. 
Minimum Trees.
A minimum of one 24-inch box tree shall be required for each four parking spaces. Said trees are intended to provide shade to parked vehicles and shall be of a type adapted for the climate of the Coachella Valley. Street side planters may contain palm trees at a rate of not more than 25 percent. Parking lot trees may be coordinated with required street trees, but in no event shall the number of trees be less than one for every 30 lineal feet of street frontage. The following exceptions shall apply:
i. 
Where this ratio cannot be achieved due to the installation of solar facilities, trees shall be provided along the perimeter of the parking lot.
ii. 
An existing shade tree may fulfill this requirement, so long as the existing shade tree is a minimum of four inches diameter at breast height. Existing mature trees on the site in good health shall be preserved whenever possible.
c. 
Non-Plant Material.
Crushed rock, wood chips, pebbles, stones, and similar non-plant materials shall be allowed up to 60 percent of the total required landscaping. Landscaped areas shall be top dressed with a bark chip mulch or an approved alternative to avoid exposed bare soil.
d. 
Parking Lot Hardscape Requirements.
Parking lot dividers, islands, planters, and planting areas shall be a minimum of five feet wide and five feet long (including the curb). Planters shall be separated from maneuvering and parking areas by a six-inch, raised concrete curb or equivalent. Tree areas shall be planted a minimum of five feet from walls, walkways, or buildings. To protect hardscape and encourage deep root development, root barriers shall be installed during planting operations.
e. 
Access.
Landscaping shall be located so that pedestrians are not required to cross unpaved landscaped areas to reach building entrances from parked cars. This shall be achieved through proper orientation of the landscaped planters and islands, and by providing pedestrian access through landscaped areas that would otherwise block direct pedestrian routes.
f. 
Perimeter Landscape Strip.
Each unenclosed parking lot shall provide a perimeter landscaped strip where the facility adjoins a property line in accordance with the following standards. The perimeter landscaped strip shall be planted with trees, shrubs, and groundcover, and may include any landscaped yard or landscaped area otherwise required. The landscape strip shall be continuous, except for required access to the site or parking facility.
i. 
Minimum five-foot landscape strip in the SN-4, SN-8, CN-14, CN-20, NC, MUN, and MT zones.
ii. 
Minimum 10-foot landscape strip in the RC, IL, and IH zones.
3. 
Landscaping Installation and Maintenance.
a. 
Maintenance.
All parking lot landscaping shall be maintained in perpetuity, with all maintenance to include, but not be limited to, irrigation corrections, fertilization, pruning, and staking as required by Subsection J (Landscape Maintenance).
b. 
Landscaping Irrigation.
Irrigation systems shall be installed within parking lot landscaping. The irrigation system shall be an automatic system with an irrigation timer and two drip or bubbler heads per tree to provide adequate deep root irrigation.
[9-21-2022 by Ord. 1782]
A. 
Permit Requirements and Exemptions.
Unless otherwise exempt below, a Building Permit is required for new fences, walls, and screening.
1. 
Residential Fences and Walls.
Fences and walls located in single-family residential zones (DE-1, DET-3, SN-4, SN-8) shall be constructed in compliance with the requirements of this Section.
2. 
Required Fences and Walls.
The requirements of this Section shall not apply to a fence or wall required by any law or regulation of the County, State, or Federal government, or any agency thereof.
3. 
Temporary Fencing.
Nothing in this Section shall be deemed to prohibit the erection of a temporary fence, including chain-link fencing, around construction projects in compliance with the building code and other applicable requirements of this Code.
B. 
Required Screening Between Different Zones.
A screening wall or fence is required between different zones for new development. Within the required front or street side setback the wall or fence shall be reduced consistent with the property line site wall/fence height standards of the applicable zone (See Subsection C (Maximum Height)). Required screening shall be landscaped in accordance with Subsection F (Landscape Screening).
1. 
Between Non-Residential and Residential or Mixed-Use Zones.
Where a non-residential zoned property abuts a residential or mixed-use zoned property, a solid masonry wall or wood fence shall be installed along the adjacent interior property lines with a minimum height of six feet and a maximum height of seven feet.
2. 
Between Mixed-Use and Stand-Alone Residential Zones.
Where a Mixed-Use zoned property abuts a residential zoned property, a solid masonry wall or wood fence shall be installed along the adjacent interior property lines with a minimum height of six feet and a maximum height of seven feet.
3. 
Between Non-Residential Zones.
Where non-residential zones abut each other, a solid masonry wall shall be installed along the interior property lines with a minimum height of six feet and a maximum height of eight feet. Where a non-residential property abuts another property in the same zone, walls are allowed but not required.
4. 
Mobile Home Parks.
See Chapter 4.17 (Manufactured/Mobile Home Park).
5. 
Adjacent to Freeways.
Fences, walls, berms and/or other sound atenuation features that border freeways may be constructed to a height of six feet above natural grade or to such other height as required by the Director, to adequately mitigate the adverse effects of noise and/or for aesthetic reasons as discussed in an environmental document (e.g., an EIR or negative declaration).
6. 
Utilities, Equipment, and Service Areas.
All utilities, equipment, and service areas shall be screened in accordance with Section 3.02.07 (Utilities, Service Areas, and Building Equipment) and Section 3.02.08 (Refuse and Recycling).
7. 
Parking and Loading Areas.
Parking and loading areas shall be screened in accordance with Chapter 3.03 (Parking and Loading).
8. 
Outdoor Storage Areas.
Outdoor storage areas shall be screened from view from any adjacent public street or freeway, existing or planned residential area/property, or publicly-accessible open space area with a solid masonry wall or wood fence a minimum of six feet in height and a maximum height of eight feet. In the IL and IH zones, screening walls shall be a minimum of eight and maximum of 10 feet in height.
C. 
Maximum Height.
Unless otherwise specified and per Subsection D (Intersection and Driveway Visibility), fences, walls, and similar screening structures are limited to a maximum height as follows:
1. 
Residential and Mixed-Use Zones.
a. 
Within Required Front Setbacks:
Three feet. An additional foot of fencing is allowed (maximum four feet) provided that all fencing above three feet in height is at least 50 percent open/transparent.
b. 
Within Required Street Side Setbacks:
Six feet. An additional foot is allowed (maximum seven feet), provided that the portion of the fence exceeding six feet in height consists of lattice or similar non-solid material.
c. 
Within Required Interior Side and Rear Setbacks:
Six feet. An additional foot is allowed (maximum seven feet), provided that the portion of the fence exceeding six feet in height consists of lattice or similar non-solid material.
2. 
Commercial Zones.
a. 
No Closer than Five Feet from any Street-Facing Property Line.
Three feet. An additional foot of fencing is allowed (maximum four feet) provided that all fencing above three feet in height is at least 50 percent open/transparent.
b. 
All Other Required Setback Areas.
Six feet. An additional foot is allowed (maximum seven feet), provided that the portion of the fence exceeding six feet in height consists of lattice or similar non-solid material.
3. 
Industrial Zones.
a. 
No Closer than Five Feet from any Street-Facing Property Line.
Six Feet.
b. 
All Other Required Setback Areas.
Eight feet.
c. 
Exception.
See outdoor storage screening standards in Subsection B.8 (Outdoor Storage Areas).
4. 
Decorative Features.
Support posts or columns not exceeding 18 inches in width may exceed maximum allowable fence heights by a maximum of 4 inches. One entry gateway, trellis, or other entry structure is permitted in the required front or street-facing setback of each lot, provided that the maximum height or width of the structure does not exceed 10 feet. Such decorative feature shall not have any solid obstruction that exceeds two feet in diameter between the height of three and 10 feet.
5. 
Recreational Fencing.
Fencing located around tennis courts, badminton courts, basketball or volleyball courts and similar recreation facilities up to 12 feet in height may be allowed with Director approval, providing that all parts of the fence over six feet are made of open wire construction or other corrosion-resistant and semi-transparent materials.
6. 
Pools, Spas, and Similar Features.
Swimming pools, spas, and other similar water features shall be enclosed in compliance with building code requirements.
D. 
Intersection and Driveway Visibility.
Notwithstanding other provisions of this Section, fences, walls, and related structures shall comply with the intersection and driveway visibility requirements in Section 3.02.06 (Visibility Area).
E. 
Retaining Walls.
Retaining walls shall be required at all locations where there is a grade separation of more than 12 inches between properties. This may be waived by the Director upon approval of an alternative design by the City Engineer.
F. 
Landscape Screening.
Required screening between different zones shall be landscaped as follows:
1. 
Minimum one tree at least 15-gallons in size per 20 linear feet.
2. 
Minimum three shrubs per 20 linear feet.
See Section 3.02.09 (Landscaping) for additional landscaping requirements.
G. 
Materials.
1. 
Prohibition on Potentially Hazardous Fencing Materials.
The use of barbed wire, razor wire, ultrabarrier, electrified, broken glass, and other hazardous fencing is not permitted unless such fencing is required by any law or regulation of the City, the State of California, Federal Government, or other public agency.
a. 
Exceptions.
i. 
Public safety facilities, such as police stations and fire stations, are exempt.
ii. 
The Director may approve an exception to this standard for sites in the I-L, I-H, or RR zones, provided the hazardous fencing materials are located at the top portion of a fence which is at least six feet in height and where the Director finds such fencing is necessary for security purposes. An Administrative Use Permit is required. These approvals shall not be granted unless the fence complies with all the following standards:
a) 
No part of the electric fence is adjacent to public uses and public property, including but not limited to: parks, active open spaces, schools, daycare centers, after school programs, or other places where children may congregate.
b) 
The applicant shall provide security and construction plans to the Indio Fire Department and Indio Police Department, both of which must review and approve the plans prior to the public hearing.
c) 
The applicant shall design and install the electric fence in a manner that, in an emergency situation, the responding crews could immediately disable the electricity at the entry point.
d) 
The applicant shall design and locate the lighting used to illuminate the electric fence to confine direct rays to the premises. No spillover or bleeding of light beyond the property line or into the sky shall be permitted.
e) 
The applicant shall install an approved emergency access key lock box to the satisfaction of Indio Police Department and Indio Fire Department for emergency access to any site armed with electric fences.
iii. 
Electrified fencing may be allowed in the DE-1 or DET-3 zones for animal control. An Administrative Use Permit is required. Such fences shall also be adequately signed with warnings.
2. 
Limitation on Chain-Link Fencing.
a. 
Residential Zones.
Chain-link fencing is prohibited in residential and mixed-use zones.
b. 
Non-Residential Zones.
In non-residential zones, chain-link fencing shall not be visible from adjacent at-grade public streets, a State highway, or adjacent residential or mixed-use zones.
c. 
Vacant Properties.
Vacant properties in any zone may be fenced with chain-link fencing not to exceed six feet in height when the purpose of such fencing is to prevent unauthorized use, dumping, or vehicular soil disturbance that results in fugitive dust or nuisance conditions. Such fencing of vacant properties shall not be construed to allow use of the property for outdoor storage. Barbed wire is not permitted.
3. 
Anti-Graffiti Treatment.
Walls shall be constructed of a graffiti-resistant material consisting of a hard, smooth, impermeable surface (e.g., ceramic tile or baked enamel), or treated with an anti-graffiti sealant.
4. 
Limitation on Concrete Block.
Plain, concrete block is not permitted as a fence/wall material. Concrete block must be finished with stucco (or decorative split-faced block) and capped with a decorative cap.
5. 
Retaining Walls.
Retaining walls shall be constructed of masonry material such as brick, concrete, or paver block.
H. 
Measuring Height of Fences or Walls.
For measurement of fences and walls, see Section 3.01.03E (Fence and Wall Height Measurement).
I. 
Wall and Fence Design.
All new sound walls, masonry walls, or non-transparent fences that face a public right-of-way or publicly-accessible path or open space, and that are 50 feet in length or longer and four feet in height or taller shall be designed to minimize visual monotony through at least one of the following:
1. 
Changes in plane.
An offset a minimum of 1 foot deep for every 50 feet to 75 feet of wall;
2. 
Changes in height.
Wall inserts and/or decorative columns or pilasters every 20 feet to provide relief;
3. 
Changes in material.
Changes in material and/or material texture;
4. 
Landscaping.
Continuous and opaque landscape screening.
J. 
Location.
1. 
Fence Location on a Lot.
Fences may be erected, placed, or maintained along or adjacent to a lot line or within a yard. A fence located on a lot line shall be considered as being within the yard adjacent to that lot line. The fence owner shall be responsible for properly locating all lot lines before construction of any fence.
2. 
Fences near Utility Structures.
All walls and fences shall provide four-foot clearance around fire hydrants, water meters, and all other utility structures, per Indio Municipal Code Section 97.068 (Fences and Walls in Parkway and Public Streets).
3. 
Fences within a Public Utility Easement.
Fencing shall not be located within any public utility easement without written approval from Public Works and all affected utility companies.
4. 
Fence Encroachment onto Public Property.
No portion of any fence, including gate doors, shall encroach upon or project into any public right-of-way or other public property without the fence owner first obtaining an encroachment permit from the City.
K. 
Maintenance.
Fencing, walls, and other screening devices shall be continuously maintained, with no sign of rust or disrepair.
L. 
Openings and Pedestrian Connections.
Fence or wall openings for pedestrian connections may be required at the discretion of the Director.
[9-21-2022 by Ord. 1782]
A. 
Applicability.
The standards of this Section apply to all new development and to exterior alterations and additions that involve replacement light fixtures or systems, except as provided below.
1. 
Exceptions.
The following outdoor lighting shall not be subject to the provisions of this Section.
a. 
Public and Private Street Lighting.
b. 
Athletic Field Lights. Athletic field lights, provided they are not operated between the hours of 10:00 p.m. and 6:00 am.
c. 
Safety and Security Lighting. Safety and security lighting for public facilities.
d. 
Construction and Emergency Lighting. All construction or emergency lighting fixtures provided they are temporary and are discontinued immediately upon completion of the construction work or abatement of the emergency.
e. 
Temporary Lighting. Temporary lights used for holiday decorations, and lighting for temporary uses and special events permitted consistent with this Code.
B. 
Lighting Plan.
The submittal of a lighting plan is required as part of a development application or land use permit (except for lighting on an existing single-family residence). All lighting plans shall be prepared and certified to its compliance with the requirements of this Section by a qualified lighting engineer prior to submitting lighting plans to the City. Lighting plans shall contain the information as specified by the lighting plan submittal requirements as specified in Article 6 (Administration and Procedures).
C. 
Prohibitions.
The following types of outdoor lighting are prohibited.
1. 
Searchlights.
Searchlights, laser source lights, or any similar high-intensity light, except for emergency use by police or fire personnel or at their discretion, or for approved temporary lighting for a special event approved by the City.
2. 
Hazardous Lighting.
Lighting fixtures operated in such a manner as to constitute a hazard or danger to persons or to safe vehicular travel.
3. 
Mercury Vapor.
Mercury vapor lights are prohibited.
4. 
Illumination of Entire Buildings.
5. 
Large Commercial Antenna Lighting.
See Chapter 4.26 (Telecommunications/Wireless Facilities).
6. 
Roof-Mounted Lighting.
Roof-mounted lighting is prohibited, except for security purposes.
7. 
Flashing Light Types.
Laser lights or any other lighting that flashes, blinks, scrolls, alternates, or moves (excluding bi-level lighting).
D. 
General Requirements.
The requirements listed below shall apply to all outdoor lighting.
1. 
Dark-Sky Compliance.
In accordance with the International Dark-Sky Association recommendations, the color temperature of outdoor lighting shall not exceed 3,000 Kelvins.
2. 
Nuisance Prevention.
All outdoor lighting shall be designed, located, installed, directed downward or toward structures, fully shielded, and maintained in order to prevent glare, light trespass, and light pollution and away from adjoining properties and public rights-of-way, so that no light fixture directly illuminates an area outside of the project site intended to be illuminated.
3. 
Maintenance.
Fixtures and lighting shall be maintained in good working order and in a manner that serves the original design intent.
a. 
Lighting fixtures shall be weather and vandal resistant.
b. 
Burnt-out and broken light bulbs shall be replaced.
c. 
Lighting fixtures shall remain free of graffiti and rust.
d. 
Painted light fixtures shall be maintained to minimize chipping or peeling.
4. 
Signs.
Lighting of signs shall be in compliance with Chapter 3.05 (Signs Regulations) of this Code.
5. 
Maximum Height of Freestanding Outdoor Light Fixtures.
Height shall be measured from the finished grade to the top of the illumination fixture (excluding decorative elements on the top of the fixture).
a. 
Abutting Residential Zones.
The maximum height of freestanding outdoor light fixtures abutting residential zones is 16 feet.
b. 
Industrial Zones.
The maximum height limit for freestanding outdoor light fixtures in industrial zones (zones IL and IH) is 25 feet.
c. 
Other Locations.
In all other locations, the maximum height for freestanding outdoor light fixtures shall be 20 feet.
d. 
Pole or Fence-Mounted Lighting.
Pole or fence-mounted decorative landscape lights shall be no more than six feet above grade.
e. 
Additional Height.
The Planning Commission may allow additional height for activities, uses, or development with unique lighting needs; accentuating historic architectural features of a building; accentuating signage and/or landscape features; or for security purposes.
6. 
Fixture Types.
All luminaries shall meet the most recently adopted criteria of the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA) for "Cut Off" or "Full Cut Off" luminaries.
7. 
Design of Fixtures.
a. 
Building-Attached Lighting.
Fixtures on buildings shall be attached only to walls or eaves, and the top of the fixture shall not exceed the height of the parapet, roof, or eave of the roof.
b. 
Accent Lighting.
Architectural features may be illuminated by uplighting, provided that the lamps are low intensity, and fully shielded such that no glare or light trespass is produced.
8. 
Minimum Lighting Requirements.
a. 
Parking Areas.
Lighting in parking, garage, and carport areas shall be maintained with a minimum of one footcandle of illumination at the ground-level during hours of darkness, with a maximum of four footcandles. All lighting shall be on a time-clock or photo-sensor system. Lighting used to illuminate parking areas shall be designed and located to prevent light trespass or glare, in accordance with Subsection D.9 below. Illumination shall not include low pressure sodium or similar lighting techniques.
b. 
Multi-Unit Residential Developments.
Aisles, passageways, and entryways/recesses related to and within the building complex shall be illuminated with an intensity of at least one-quarter footcandles at the ground level during the hours of darkness.
c. 
Non-Residential Developments.
All exterior doors, during the hours of darkness, shall be illuminated with a minimum of one-quarter footcandles of light.
9. 
Light Trespass.
All lights shall be directed, oriented, and shielded to prevent light trespass or glare onto adjacent properties. The light level at property lines shall not exceed 0.3 footcandles.
10. 
Timing Controls.
All outdoor lighting in non-residential zones shall be on a time clock or photo-sensor system and turned off during daylight hours and during hours when the building(s) is not in use and the lighting is not required for security.
11. 
Energy-Efficient Fixtures Required.
Outdoor lighting shall utilize energy-efficient fixtures and lamps such as metal halide, hard-wired compact fluorescent, LED, or other lighting technology that is of equal or greater efficiency. All new outdoor lighting fixtures shall be energy efficient with a rated average bulb life of not less than 10,000 hours.