The section provides standards and procedures for the approval, installation, and operation of small solar energy systems, in compliance with the Solar Rights Act (Civil Code Section
714 et seq.) and Government Code Section
65850.5, and where allowed in compliance with Article 2 (Zones, Allowable Land Uses, and Zone-Specific Standards).
This section also creates an expedited, streamlined sola permitting process that complies with the Solar Rights Act, as amended by AB 2188 (Chapter 521, Statutes 2014), to achieve timely and cost-effective installations of small residential rooftop solar energy systems. This section encourages the use of small residential rooftop solar energy systems by removing unreasonable barrier, minimizing costs to property owners and the City, and expanding the ability of property owners to install rooftop solar energy systems. This section allows the City to achieve these goals while protecting the public health and safety.
A. Definitions.
2. "Small residential rooftop solar energy system"means a solar energy system which meets all of the following:
a. Is no longer than 10 kilowatts alternating current nameplate rating or 30 kilowatts thermal:
b. Conforms to all applicable state fire, structural, electrical, and other building codes as adopted or amended by the City, and all state and City health and safety standards;
c. Conforms to all applicable safety and performance standards established by the California Electrical Code, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineer s, and accredited testing laboratories such as Underwriters Laboratories and, where applicable, rules of the Public Utilities Commission regarding safety and reliability;
d. Is installed on a single or duplex family dwelling; and
e. The panel or module array does not exceed the maximum legal building height as defined by the City.
3. "Solar energy system"has the meaning set forth in Paragraph (1) and (2) of Subdivision (a) of Section
801.5 of the Civil Code, as such section or subdivision may be amended, renumbered, or redesignated from time to time.
4. "Specific, adverse impact"means a significant, quantifiable, direct, and unavoidable impact, based on objective, identified, and written public health or safety standards, policies, or conditions as they existed on the date the application was deemed complete.
B. Permit application, and processing.
1. Permit requirements. The installation of a solar energy system shall require the issuance of a zoning clearance by the Director in compliance with Chapter
17.655 (Zoning Clearances), approval of the landscape and irrigation plans in compliance with 17.325 (Water Efficient Landscape and Irrigation), and the issuance of a building permit.
2. Additional information. In reviewing the application for zoning clearance, the Director may require the applicant to submit additional information as the Director deems necessary to determine whether the application meets the requirements of this section. The applicant shall provide this additional information to the Director before the application shall be deemed complete.
3. Application approval. The Director shall determine whether the application includes structural design features or alterations that are not for the primary purpose of providing for the collection, storage and distribution of solar energy and that may require discretionary approval(s). If the application requires discretionary approval(s), the applicant shall obtain the approval(s) before the Director may issue a zoning clearance for the installation of the proposed solar energy system. An application that is for the primary purpose of providing for the collection, storage and distribution of solar energy shall be administratively approved through a nondiscretionary permit unless the Director determines, based on substantial evidence, that the solar energy system could have a specific adverse impact. The decision of the Director to require a use permit may be appealed to the Planning Commission.
4. Use permit.
a. If a use permit is required, the Director may deny an application for the use permit if the Director makes Written findings based upon substantive evidence in the record that the proposed installation would have a specific, adverse impact upon public health or safety and there is no feasible method to satisfactorily mitigate or avoid, as defined, the adverse impact. Such findings shall include the basis for the rejection of the potential feasible alternative for pr eventing the adverse impact. Such decision may be appealed to the Planning Commission.
b. Any condition imposed on an application shall be designed to mitigate the specific, adverse impact upon health and safety at the lowest possible cost.
c. "A feasible method to satisfactorily mitigate or avoid the specific, adverse impact" includes, but is not limited to, any cost-effective method, condition, or mitigation imposed by the City on another similarly situated application in a prior successful application for a permit. The City shall use its best efforts to ensure that the selected method, condition, or mitigation does not significantly increase the cost of the system or decrease its efficiency or specified performance in excess of the standards set forth below in Subsection
B.5.a and
b of this subsection.
5. Modification/waiver of standards. The Director may modify the standards in Subsection
E, below, if the Director determines that the application of the standards would significantly increase the cost of the solar energy system or significantly decrease its efficiency or specified performance. In determining whether a standard significantly increases costs or decreases efficiency, the Director shall be guided by the following criteria contained in California Civil Code Section
714(d):
a. For solar domestic water heating systems or solar swimming pool heating systems, "significantly" means an amount exceeding 10% of the cost of the system or decreasing the efficiency of the solar energy system by an amount exceeding 10%, as specified and proposed in the completed application.
b. For photovoltaic systems, "significantly" means an amount not to exceed $1,000 over the cost of the solar energy system included in the completed application or a decrease in system efficiency of an amount exceeding 10%, as specified and proposed in the completed application.
6. Appeal. The final decision of the Director to issue a zoning clearance for the installation of a solar energy system may be appealed in compliance with Chapter
17.715 (Appeals), except that in reviewing the appeal, the review authority shall be guided by the criteria in this section. Therefore, the appeal hearing shall not be deemed a public hearing and shall not be subject to the notice and requirements applicable to public hearings.
C. Protection of solar access. In compliance with the Solar Shade Control Act (Public Resources Code Section
25980 et seq.), a structure, fence, or wall shall not be constructed or modified, and vegetation shall not be placed or allowed to grow after the effective date of this chapter, so as to obstruct more than 10% of the absorption area of a solar energy system on a neighboring parcel at any time.
D. Equipment standards. Solar energy systems shall comply with the following standards.
1. Water heating systems. A solar energy system for heating water shall be certified by the Solar Rating Certification Corporation or other nationally recognized certification agency. The certification shall be for the entire solar energy system and installation.
2. Photovoltaic systems. A solar energy system for producing electricity shall meet all applicable safety and performance standards established by the National Electrical Code, the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, and accredited testing laboratories (e.g., Underwriters Laboratories) and where applicable, rules of the Public Utilities Commission regarding safety and reliability.
E. Installation and placement guidelines. The installation and construction of a solar energy system shall be subject to the following installation and placement guidelines. Solar energy system installation and placement shall also comply with all applicable standards and guidelines provided in the Municipal Code:
1. A solar energy system shall provide power for the principal use and/or accessory use of the property on which the solar energy system is located and shall not be used for the generation of power for the sale of energy to other users, although this provision shall not be interpreted to prohibit the sale of excess power generated from time to time to the local utility company.
2. A solar energy system connected to the utility grid shall provide written authorization from the local utility company to the City, acknowledging and approving the connection.
3. A solar energy system may be roof-mounted or ground-mounted.
a. A roof-mounted system may be mounted on a principal or accessory structure. A roof-mounted system, whether mounted on the principal or accessory structure, may not exceed the maximum principal structure height or accessory structure height specified for the building type in the underlying zone. In no instance shall any part of the solar energy system extend beyond the edge of the roof.
b. A ground-mounted system shall not exceed the maximum building height for accessory structures.
4. The surface area of a ground-mounted system, regardless of the mounted angle, shall be calculated as part of the overall structure coverage.
5. A ground-mounted system or a system attached to an accessory structure shall not be located within the required front setback.
6. The minimum solar energy system setback distance from the property lines shall be equivalent to the structure setback or accessory structure setback requirement of the underlying zone.
7. All mechanical equipment associated with and necessary for the operation of the solar energy system shall comply with the following:
a. Mechanical equipment shall be screened from any adjacent property that is residentially zoned or used for residential purposes. The screen shall consist of shrubbery, trees, or other noninvasive plant species which provides a visual screen. In lieu of a planting screen, a decorative fence meeting the requirements of Chapter
17.315 (Fences, Walls, and Hedges) may be used.
b. Mechanical equipment shall not be located within the minimum front setback of the underlying zone.
c. Mechanical equipment shall comply with the setbacks specified for accessory structures in the underlying zone.
8. Solar panels shall be placed so that concentrated solar radiation or glare shall not be directed onto nearby properties or roadways.
9. Solar panels shall not be placed in the vicinity of any airport in a manner that would interfere with airport flight patterns. Acknowledgement from the Federal Aviation Administration may be necessary.
10. All power transmission lines from a ground-mounted solar energy system to any structure shall be located underground.
11. A solar energy system shall not be used to display advertising, including signage, streamers, pennants, spinners, reflectors, ribbons, tinsel, balloons, flags, banners or similar materials. The manufacturer's and equipment information, warning, or indication of ownership shall be allowed on any equipment of the solar energy system provided they comply with the sign regulations provided in Chapter
17.335 (Sign Regulations).
12. A solar energy system shall not be constructed until the appropriate building/zoning permits have been approved.
13. The design of the solar energy system shall conform to applicable industry standards. The local utility provider shall be contacted to determine grid interconnection and net metering policies. The applicant shall submit certificates of design compliance obtained by the equipment manufacturer from a certifying organization and the design shall be certified by an Engineer registered in the State of California.
14. The City shall not condition approval of an application for a solar energy system on the approval of an association, as defined in Section
4080 of the Civil Code.
F. Applicant obligation. Prior to submitting an application, the applicant shall:
1. Verify, to the applicant's reasonable satisfaction, through the use of standard engineering evaluation techniques that the support structure for the small residential rooftop solar energy system is stable and adequate to transfer all wind, seismic, and dead and live loads associated with the system to the building foundation; and
2. At the applicant's cost, verify to the applicant's reasonable satisfaction, using standard electrical inspection techniques that the existing electrical system including existing line, load, ground and bonding wiring as well as main panel and subpanel sizes are adequately sized, based on the existing electrical system's current use, to carry all new photovoltaic electrical loads.
G. Small residential rooftop solar system requirements; expedited permitting.
1. A solar energy system that qualifies as a small residential rooftop solar energy system, as defined in this section, shall be processed in accordance with the terms of Subsections
G through
I of this section.
2. A small residential rooftop solar energy system shall meet applicable health and safety standards and requirements imposed by the state and the City, local fire department or district.
3. The Director shall, prior to September 30, 2015, adopt an administrative, nondiscretionary expedited review process for small residential rooftop solar energy systems, which shall include standard plan(s) and checklist(s). The checklist(s) shall set forth all requirements with which small residential rooftop solar energy systems must comply with to be eligible for expedited review.
4. The small residential rooftop solar system permit process, standard plan(s), and checklist(s) shall substantially conform to recommendations for expedited permitting, including the checklist and standard plans contained in the most current version of the California Solar Permitting Guidebook adopted by the Governor 's Office of Planning and Research. In the case of a conflict between the terms of Subsection
E of this section, and the checklist and standard plans, the checklist and standard plans shall govern.
5. All documents required for the submission of an expedited small residential rooftop solar energy system application shall be made available on a publicly accessible City website.
6. Electronic submittal of the required permit application and documents by electronic means shall be made available to all small residential rooftop solar energy system permit applicants. The City's website shall specify the permitted method of electronic document submission.
7. An applicant's electronic signature shall be accepted on all forms, applications, and other documents in lieu of a wet signature.
H. Application review for small rooftop solar energy systems.
1. An application that City staff determines satisfies the information requirements contained in the City's checklist(s) for expedited small residential rooftop solar system processing, including complete supporting documents, shall be deemed complete.
2. If an application is deemed incomplete, a written correction notice detailing all deficiencies in the application and any additional information or documentation required to be eligible for expedited permit issuance shall be sent to the applicant for resubmission.
3. After City staff deems an application complete, City staff shall review the application to determine whether the application meets local, state, and federal health and safety requirements.
4. Unless the Director determines a use permit is warranted, City staff shall issue a building permit or other nondiscretionary permit within a reasonable period of time after receipt of a complete application that meets the requirements of the approved checklist, standard plan and this section.
5. T he Director may require an applicant to apply for a use permit (in accordance with the terms of Subsection
B.4.b above) if the Director finds, based on substantial evidence, that the solar energy system could have a specific, adverse impact upon the public health and safety. Such decision, or a decision to deny a use permit, may be appealed to the Planning Commission.
I. Inspections for small residential rooftop solar energy systems.
1. Only one inspection shall be required and performed by the Building Department for small residential rooftop solar energy systems eligible for expedited review.
2. The inspection shall be done in a timely manner.
3. If a small residential rooftop solar energy system fails inspection, a subsequent inspection is authorized but need not conform to the requirements of this chapter.
(Ord. 24-13, 10/1/2024)