For the purposes of this chapter, the following definitions shall apply unless the context clearly indicates or requires a different meaning:
"Agricultural land-disturbing activity"means tillage, planting, cultivation, or harvesting operations to produce agricultural or nursery vegetative crops. The term also includes pasture renovation and establishment, the construction of agricultural conservation practices, and the installation and maintenance of agricultural drainage tile. For purposes of this rule, the term does not include land-disturbing activities for the construction of agricultural related facilities, such as barns, buildings to house livestock, roads associated with infrastructure, agricultural waste lagoons and facilities, lake and ponds, wetlands, and other infrastructure.
"Authorized enforcement agent"means the MS4 operator, the Wastewater Superintendent, the Street Commissioner, their designees, and other City of Angola employees operating under the authority of the City of Angola Board of Public Works and Safety.
"Base flow"means stream discharge derived from groundwater sources as differentiated from surface runoff. Sometimes considered to include flows from regulated lakes or reservoirs.
"Best management practices (BMP)"means design, construction, and maintenance practices and criteria for stormwater facilities that minimize the impact of stormwater runoff rates and volumes, prevent erosion, and capture pollutants.
"Catch basin"means a chamber usually built at the curb line of a street for the admission of surface water to a storm drain or subdrain, having at its base a sediment sump designed to retain grit and detritus below the point of overflow.
"Channel"means a portion of a natural or artificial watercourse which periodically or continuously contains moving water, or which forms a connecting link between two bodies of water. It has a defined bed and banks which serve to confine water.
"Constructed wetland"means a manmade shallow pool that creates growing conditions suitable for wetland vegetation and is designed to maximize pollutant removal.
"Construction activity"means land-disturbing activities and land-disturbing activities associated with the construction of infrastructure and structures. This term does not include routine ditch or road maintenance or minor landscaping projects.
"Construction site access"means a stabilized stone surface at all points of ingress or egress to a project site for the purpose of capturing and detaining sediment carried by tires of vehicles or other equipment entering or exiting the project site.
"Contour"means an imaginary line on the surface of the earth connecting points of the same elevation.
"Contractor" or "subcontractor"means an individual or company hired by the project site or individual lot owner, their agent, or the individual lot operation to perform services on the project site.
"Conveyance"means any structural method for transferring stormwater between at least two points. The term includes piping, ditches, swales, curbs, gutters, catch basins, channels, storm drains, and roadways.
"Cross section"means a graph or plot of ground elevation across a stream valley or a portion of it, usually along a line perpendicular to the stream or direction of flow.
"Culvert"means a closed conduit used for the conveyance of surface drainage water under a roadway, railroad, canal, or other impediment.
"Dechlorinated swimming pool discharge"means chlorinated water that has either sat idle for seven days following chlorination prior to discharge to the MS4 conveyance, or, by analysis, does not contain detectable concentrations (less than five-hundredths milligram per liter) of chlorinated residual.
"Design storm"means a selected storm event, described in terms of the probability of occurring once within a given number of years, for which drainage or flood control improvements are designed and built.
"Detention"means a facility constructed or modified to restrict the flow of stormwater to a prescribed maximum rate, and to detain concurrently the excess waters that accumulate behind the outlet.
"Detritus"means dead or decaying organic matter; generally contributed to stormwater as fallen leaves and sticks or as dead aquatic organisms.
"Developer"means any person financially responsible for construction activity, or an owner of property who sells or leases, or offers for sale or lease, any lots in a subdivision.
"Development"means construction and site preparation work involving structures or improvements of any kind, and all land-disturbing activities including, but not limited to, digging, drilling, excavating, grading, clearing, earth moving, filling, or performing any subsurface work.
"Discharge"usually means the rate of water flow. A volume of fluid passing a point per unit time commonly expressed as cubic feet per second, cubic meters per second, gallons per minute, or millions of gallons per day.
"Disposal"means the discharge, deposit, injection, spilling, leaking, or placing of any solid waste or hazardous waste into or on any land or water so that the solid waste or hazardous waste, or any constituent of the waste, may enter the environment, be emitted into the air, or be discharged into any waters, including groundwaters.
"Drainage area"means the area draining into a given point. It may be of different sizes for surface runoff, subsurface flow and base flow, but generally the surface runoff area is considered as the drainage area.
"Dry well"means a type of infiltration practice that allows stormwater runoff to flow directly into the ground via a bored or otherwise excavated opening in the ground surface.
"Duration"means the time period of a rainfall event.
"Environment"means the sum total of all the external conditions that may act upon a living organism or community to influence its development or existence.
"Erosion"means the wearing away of the land surface by water, wind, ice, gravity, or other geological agents. The following terms are used to describe different types of water erosion:
(1) "Accelerated erosion"means erosion much more rapid than normal or geologic erosion, primarily as a result of the activities of man.
(2) "Channel erosion"means an erosion process whereby the volume and velocity of flow wears away the bed and/or banks of a well-defined channel.
(3) "Gully erosion"means an erosion process whereby runoff water accumulates in narrow channels and, over relatively short periods, removes the soil to considerable depths, ranging from one to two feet to as much as 75 to 100 feet.
(4) "Rill erosion"means an erosion process in which numerous small channels only several inches deep are formed; occurs mainly on recently disturbed and exposed soils.
(5) "Splash erosion"means the spattering of small soil particles caused by the impact of raindrops on wet soils; the loosened and spattered particles may or may not be subsequently removed by surface runoff.
(6) "Sheet erosion"means the gradual removal of a uniform layer of soil from the land surface by runoff water.
"Erosion and sediment control"means a practice, or a combination of practices, to minimize sedimentation by first reducing or eliminating erosion at the source and then, as necessary, trapping sediment to prevent it from being discharged from or within a project site.
"Filter strip"usually means a long, relatively narrow area (usually 20-75 feet wide) of undisturbed or planted vegetation used near disturbed or impervious surfaces to filter stormwater pollutants for the protection of watercourses, reservoirs, or adjacent properties.
"Floatable"means any solid waste that will float on the surface of the water.
"Flood"(or "floodwaters") means a general and temporary condition of partial or complete inundation of normally dry land areas from the overflow, the unusual and rapid accumulation, or the runoff of surface waters from any source.
"Floodplain"means the channel proper and the areas adjoining the channel which have been or hereafter may be covered by the regulatory or 100-year flood. Any normally dry land area that is susceptible to being inundated by water from any natural source. The floodplain includes both the floodway and the floodway fringe districts.
"Floodway"means the channel of a river or stream and those portions of the floodplains adjoining the channel which are reasonably required to efficiently carry and discharge the peak flow of the regulatory flood of any river or stream.
"Floodway fringe"means that portion of the floodplain lying outside the floodway, which is inundated by the regulatory flood.
"Footing drain"means a drainpipe installed around the exterior of a basement wall foundation to relieve water pressure caused by high groundwater elevation.
"Garbage"means all putrescible animal solid, vegetable solid, and semisolid wastes resulting from the processing, handling, preparation, cooking, serving, or consumption of food or food materials.
"Gasoline outlet"means an operating gasoline or diesel fueling facility whose primary function is the resale of fuels.
"Grade"means:
(1) The inclination or slope of a channel, canal, conduit, and the like, or natural ground surface usually expressed in terms of the percentage the vertical rise (or fall) bears to the corresponding horizontal distance.
The finished surface of a canal bed, roadbed, top of embankment, or bottom of excavation; any surface prepared to design elevation for the support of construction, such as paving or the laying of a conduit.
To finish the surface of a canal bed, roadbed, top of embankment, or bottom of excavation, or other land area to a smooth, even condition.
"Grading"means the cutting and filling of the land surface to a desired slope or elevation.
"Grass"means a member of the botanical family Poaceae, characterized by blade-like leaves that originate as a sheath wrapped around the stem.
"Groundwater"means an accumulation of underground water, natural or artificial. The term does not include manmade underground storage or conveyance structures.
"Habitat"means the environment in which the life needs of a plant or animal are supplied.
"Hazardous materials"means any material, including any substance, waste, or combination thereof which because of its quantity, concentration, or physical, chemical, or infectious characteristics may cause or significantly contribute to a substantial present or potential hazard to human health, safety, property, or the environment when improperly treated, stored, transported, disposed of, or otherwise managed.
"Highly erodible land"means land that has an erodibility index of eight or more. The soil erodibility index provides a numerical expression of the potential for a soil to erode considering the physical and chemical properties of the soil and the climatic conditions where it is located. The higher the index, the greater the investment needed to maintain the sustainability of the soil resource base if intensively cropped. It is defined to be the maximum of (RxKxLS)/T (from the Universal Soil Loss Equation) and (Cxl)/T (from Wind Erosion Equation), where R is a measure of rainfall and runoff, K is a factor of the susceptibility of the soil to water erosion, LS is a measure of the combined effects of slope length and steepness, C is a climatic characterization of windspeed and surface solid moisture and I is a measure of the susceptibility of the soil to wind erosion. Erodibility index scores equal to or greater than eight are considered highly erodible land.
"Illicit connections"means either of the following:
(1) Any drain or conveyance, whether on the surface or subsurface, which allows an illegal discharge to enter the storm drain system, including but not limited to any conveyances which allow any nonstormwater discharge including sewage, process wastewater, and wash water to enter the storm drain system and any connections to the storm drain system from indoor drains and sinks, regardless of whether the drain or connection had been previously allowed, permitted, or approved by an authorized enforcement agency; or
Any drain or conveyance connected from a commercial or industrial land use to the storm drain system which has not been documented in plans, maps, or equivalent records and approved by an authorized enforcement agency.
"Illicit discharge"means any discharge to a conveyance that is not composed entirely of stormwater except naturally occurring floatables, such as leaves or tree limbs.
"Impaired waters"means waters that do not or are not expected to meet applicable water quality standards, as included on IDEM's Clean Water Act (CWA) Section 303(d) list of impaired waters.
"Impervious surface"means surfaces, such as pavement and rooftops, which prevent the infiltration of stormwater into the soil.
"Individual lot owner"means a person who has financial control of construction activities for an individual lot.
"Industrial activity"means activities subject to NPDES industrial permits as defined in 40 CFR Part 122.26(b)(14).
"Infiltration"means passage or movement of water into the soil. Infiltration practices include any structural BMP designed to facilitate the percolation of runoff through the soil to groundwater. Examples include infiltration basins or trenches, dry wells, and porous pavement.
"Inlet"means an opening into a storm drain system for the entrance of surface stormwater runoff, more completely described as a storm drain inlet.
"Land-disturbing activity"means any manmade change of the land surface, including removing vegetative cover that exposes the underlying soil, excavating, filling, transporting and grading.
"Larger common plan of development or sale"means a plan, undertaken by a single project site owner or a group of project site owners acting in concert, to offer lots for sale or lease; where such land is contiguous, or is known, designated, purchased or advertised as a common unit or by a common name, such land shall be presumed as being offered for sale or lease as a part of a larger common plan. The term also includes phased or other construction activity by a single entity for its own use.
"Manhole"means a storm drain structure through which a person may enter to gain access to an underground storm drain or enclosed structure.
"Mulch"means a natural or artificial layer of plant residue or other materials covering the land surface which conserves moisture, holds soil in place, aids in establishing plant cover, and minimizes temperature fluctuations.
Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4).An MS4 meets all the following criteria:
(1) Is a conveyance or system of conveyances owned by the state, county, city, town, or other public entity;
Discharges to waters of the United States;
Is designed or used for collecting or conveying stormwater;
Is not a combined sewer; and
Is not part of a publicly owned treatment works (POTW).
"Nonpoint source pollution"means pollution generally resulting from land runoff, precipitation, atmospheric deposition, drainage, seepage or hydrologic modification. Nonpoint source pollution, unlike pollution from industrial and sewage treatment plants, comes from many diffuse sources. It is caused by rainfall or snowmelt moving over and through the ground. As the runoff moves, it picks up and carries away natural and human-made pollutants, finally depositing them into lakes, rivers, wetlands, coastal waters and groundwaters.
"Nutrient(s)"means:
(1) A substance necessary for the growth and reproduction of organisms.
In water, those substances (chiefly nitrates and phosphates) that promote growth of algae and bacteria.
"Open drain"means a natural watercourse or constructed open channel that conveys drainage water.
"Outfall"means the point, location, or structure where a pipe or open drain discharges to a receiving body of water.
"Outlet"means the point of water disposal from a stream, river, lake, tidewater, or artificial drain.
"Peak discharge"(or "peak flow") means the maximum instantaneous flow from a given storm condition at a specific location.
"Pollutant"means anything that causes or contributes to pollution. "Pollutants" may include, but is not limited to: paints, varnishes, and solvents; oil and other automotive fluids; nonhazardous liquid and solid wastes; yard wastes, including grass, brush, leaves, and limbs; refuse, rubbish, garbage, litter, or other discarded or abandoned objects, and accumulations, so that same may cause or contribute to pollution; floatables, pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers; hazardous substances and wastes; sewage, fecal coliform and pathogens; dissolved and particulate metals; animal wastes; wastes and residues that result from constructing a building or structure; soil and sediments; and noxious or offensive matter of any kind.
"Porous pavement"means a type of infiltration practice to improve the quality and reduce the quantity of stormwater runoff via the use of manmade, pervious pavement which allows runoff to percolate through the pavement and into underlying soils.
"Premises"means any building, lot, parcel of land, or portion of land whether improved or unimproved including adjacent sidewalks and parking strips.
"Project site"means the entire area on which construction activity is to be performed.
"Project site owner"means the person required to comply with the terms of this chapter, including a developer or a person who has financial and operational control of construction activities, and project plans and specifications, including the ability to make modifications to those plans and specifications.
"Recharge"means replenishment of groundwater reservoirs by infiltration and transmission from the outcrop of an aquifer or from permeable soils.
"Redevelopment"means alterations of a property that change a site or building in such a way that there are disturbances of land. The term does not include such activities as exterior remodeling.
"Refueling area"means an operating gasoline or diesel fueling area whose primary function is to provide fuel to equipment or vehicles.
"Release rate"means the amount of stormwater release from a stormwater control facility per unit of time.
"Reservoir"means a natural or artificially created pond, lake or other space used for storage, regulation or control of water. May be either permanent or temporary. The term is also used in the hydrologic modeling of storage facilities.
"Retention"means the storage of stormwater to prevent it from leaving the development site. May be temporary or permanent.
"Retention basin"means a type of storage practice that has no positive outlet, used to retain stormwater runoff for an indefinite amount of time. Runoff from this type of basin is removed only by infiltration through a porous bottom or by evaporation.
"Return period"means the average interval of time within which a given rainfall event will be equaled or exceeded once. A flood having a return period of 100 years has a one percent probability of being equaled or exceeded in any one year.
"Riparian habitat"means a land area adjacent to a water body that supports animal and plant life associated with that water body.
"Runoff"means that portion of precipitation that flows from a drainage area on the land surface, in open channels, or in stormwater conveyance systems.
"Runoff coefficient"means a decimal fraction relating the amount of rain which appears as runoff and reaches the storm drain system to the total amount of rain falling. A coefficient of 0.5 implies that 50 percent of the rain falling on a given surface appears as stormwater runoff.
"Sediment"means solid material (both mineral and organic) that is in suspension, is being transported, or has been moved from its site of origin by air, water, gravity, or ice and has come to rest on the earth's surface.
"Sedimentation"means the process that deposits soils, debris and other unconsolidated materials either on the ground surfaces or in bodies of water or watercourses.
"Sensitive area"means areas with highly erodible soils, wetlands, threatened or endangered species habitat, outstanding waters, impaired waters, recreational waters, and surface drinking water sources. Includes water bodies in need of priority protection or remediation based on its:
(1) Providing habitat for threatened or endangered species.
Usage as a public water supply intake.
Relevant community value.
Usage for full body contact recreation.
Limited use and outstanding state resource water classification as found in 327 IAC 2-1-11 and 327 IAC 2-1.5-19.
"Site"means the entire area included in the legal description of the land on which land-disturbing activity is to be performed.
"Slope"means the degree of deviation of a surface from the horizontal, measured as a numerical ratio or percent. Expressed as a ratio, the first number is commonly the horizontal distance (run) and the second is the vertical distance (rise) – e.g., 2:1. However, the preferred method for designation of slopes is to clearly identify the horizontal (H) and vertical (V) components (length and width (W) components for horizontal angles). Also note that according to international standards (metric), the slope is presented as the vertical or width component shown on the numerator – e.g., 1V:2H. Slope expressions in this chapter follow the common presentation of slopes – e.g., 2:1 – with the metric presentation shown in parentheses – e.g., (1V:2H). Slopes can also be expressed in "percent." Slopes given in percent are always expressed as (100*V/H) – e.g., a 2:1 (1V:2H) slope is a 50 percent slope.
"Soil"means the unconsolidated mineral and organic material on the immediate surface of the earth that serves as a natural medium for the growth of land plants.
"Solid waste"means any garbage, refuse, debris, or other discarded material.
"Spill"means the unexpected, unintended, abnormal, or unapproved dumping, leakage, drainage, seepage, discharge, or other loss of petroleum, hazardous substances, extremely hazardous substances, or objectionable substances. The term does not include releases to impervious surfaces when the substance does not migrate off the surface or penetrate the surface and enter the soil.
"Standards"means the City of Angola Stormwater Technical Standards Manual.
"Storm event"means an estimate of the unexpected amount of precipitation within a given period. For example, a 10-year frequency, 24-hour duration storm event is a storm that has a 10 percent probability of occurring in any one year. Precipitation is measured over a 24-hour period.
"Storm sewer"means a closed conduit for conveying collected stormwater, while excluding sewage and industrial wastes. Also called a storm drain.
"Stormwater"means water resulting from rain, melting or melted snow, hail, or sleet.
"Stormwater drainage (or drain) system"means all means, natural or manmade, used for conducting stormwater to, through or from a drainage area to any of the following: conduits and appurtenant features, canals, channels, ditches, storage facilities, swales, streams, culverts, streets and pumping stations.
"Stormwater quality measure"means a practice, or a combination of practices, to control or minimize pollutants associated with stormwater runoff.
"Stormwater runoff"means the water derived from rains falling within a tributary basin, flowing over the surface of the ground or collected in channels or conduits.
"Subdivision"means any land that is divided or proposed to be divided into lots, whether contiguous or subject to zoning requirements, for the purpose of sale or lease as part of a large common plan of development or sale.
"Surface runoff"means precipitation that flows onto the surfaces of roofs, streets, the ground, and the like, and is not absorbed or retained by that surface but collects and runs off.
"Swale"means an elongated depression in the land surface that is at least seasonally wet, is usually heavily vegetated, and is normally without flowing water. Swales conduct stormwater into primary drainage channels and may provide some groundwater recharge.
"Temporary stabilization"means the covering of soil to ensure its resistance to erosion, sliding, or other movement. The term includes vegetative cover, anchored mulch or other nonerosive material applied at a uniform density of 70 percent across the disturbed area.
"Topographic information"means graphical portrayal of the topographic features of a land area, showing both the horizontal distances between the features and their elevations above a given datum.
"Topography"means the representation of a portion of the earth's surface showing natural and manmade features of a given locality such as rivers, streams, ditches, lakes, roads, buildings and most importantly, variations in ground elevations for the terrain of the area.
"Trained individual"means an individual who is trained and experienced in the principles of stormwater management, including erosion and sediment control as is demonstrated by completion of coursework, state registration, professional certification, or annual training, that enables the individual to make judgments regarding stormwater management, treatment, and monitoring.
"Urbanization"means the development, change, or improvement of any parcel of land consisting of one or more lots for residential, commercial, industrial, institutional, recreational or public utility purposes.
"Water body"means any accumulation of water, surface or underground, natural or artificial, excluding water features designed and designated as water pollution control facilities.
"Water quality"is a term used to describe the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of water, usually in respect to its suitability for a particular purpose.
"Watercourse"means any river, stream, creek, brook, branch, natural or manmade drainage way in or into which stormwater runoff or floodwaters flow either continuously or intermittently.
"Watersheds"means the region drained by or contributing water to a specific point that could be along a stream, lake or other stormwater facility. Watersheds are often broken down into subareas for the purposes of hydrologic modeling.
"Wetlands"means areas that are inundated or saturated by surface water or groundwater at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions.
(Ord. 1751-2024)