All streets shall be paved to the widths as required. The typical street cross section shall be as shown on the Standard Details. All parking areas shall be improved to the dimensions shown on the approved plan. Where paved parking areas are deemed necessary and appropriate by the Planning Board or where applicants propose paved surfaces, such paving shall conform to the cross section on the Standard Details.
A. Preparation of subgrade. All trees, stumps, large stones and debris shall be removed from the construction area. The subgrade shall then be prepared by excavating or filling to the approved cross section and profile with all visible roots and large stones removed.
B. Preparation of subbase.
(1) The subbase shall consist of a minimum of eight inches of a mixture of nonplastic, well-graded sand, silt and clay conforming to classification group A-1 of the United States Public Roads Administration as follows:
(a) Liquid limit: 25 maximum.
(b) Plasticity index: six maximum.
(c) Shrinkage limit: 14 to 20.
(d) Centrifuge moisture equivalent: 15 maximum.
(e) Shrinkage ratio: 1.7 to 1.9.
(f) Volume change: zero to 10.
(g) Linear shrinkage: zero to three.
(h) Percent silt: 10% to 20%.
(j) Percent passing No. 10: 20% to 100%.
(k) Percent passing No. 40: 10% to 70%.
(l) Percent passing No. 200: 3% to 25%.
(2) The subbase shall be carefully shaped to the approved cross section and profile and then compacted with a self-powered roller weighing at least 10 tons to a compacted density of 95% at optimum moisture content. Upon completion of the subbase compaction, the developer shall request a fine grade inspection by the Town Engineer and shall not proceed with further roadwork until such inspection has been made and the roadwork approved. Should the subbase material be found to be unacceptable, the developer shall use one of the following procedures:
(a) Remove the unacceptable subbase material to a depth of eight inches and replace with group A-1 material.
(b) Mix subbase to a depth of eight inches with the proper amounts of new soil causing the subbase material to fall within the limits of group A-I material.
(c) Prior to the placement of any base course materials, the subbase shall be cleaned of all loose and foreign material.
C. After approval by the Town Engineer of the prepared subbase as per §
220-3.23B, a two-and-one-half-inch bituminous binder base course shall be placed. Material shall consist of New York State Department of Transportation Type 3 asphalt concrete binder. Alternate base course specifications, including the use of recycled products, may be used. Any substitution must be requested in writing to the Superintendent of Highways and may only be used if approved, in writing, by the Superintendent of Highways.
[Amended 6-21-1991 by L.L. No. 16-1991]
D. Alternate base course.
(1) Description. This base consists of dry-bound dense graded aggregate base course which shall be uniformly placed so that, after thoroughly rolling and compacting, a minimum depth of 4 1/2 inches for residential roads and a minimum depth of six inches for commercial roads is obtained.
(2) Materials.
(a) The base course blend shall consist of well-graded crushed stone. The base course blend shall be the following mechanical gradation:
| Screen Size | Percent Passing |
|---|
| 1 1/2 inches | 100 |
| 1 inch | 90 to 100 |
| 1/2 inch | 65 to 85 |
| 3/8 inch | 55 to 75 |
| No. 4 | 40 to 55 |
| No. 8 | 30 to 45 |
| No. 30 | 16 to 27 |
| No. 200 | 0 to 10 |
(b) The amount of material passing the two-hundredth-mesh screen shall be determined by washing in accordance with ASTM Designation No. C-117-62T. The portion of the base course blend that is smaller than No. 40 screen shall have a plasticity index of zero, according to ASTM design No. D424, latest edition. The course aggregate shall be a resistance to abrasion by the Los Angeles abrasion test of not more than 20.
(c) Of the particles retained on the one-half-inch square sieve, no more than 10% by weight shall consist of flat or elongated pieces. A flat or elongated piece is defined herein as one, the greatest dimension of which is more than three times its least dimension.
(d) The course aggregate, when subjected to five cycles of the soundness test, shall have a weight loss of not more than 5% when sodium sulfate is used. The material shall also achieve a maximum dry density of not less than 145 pounds per cubic foot at optimum moisture content when tested in accordance with ASTM Designation No. D 1557, latest edition, a method D, except that the sample used shall retain all of the course aggregate sizes.
(3) Method of construction.
(a) The soil subbase shall be smooth, parallel to and at the required depth below the dense graded base surface. The soil subbase shall not be in a muddy or frozen condition. The dense graded base material shall be deposited on the soil subbase by means of a dump truck spreader tailgate or any other approved method of depositing.
(b) The spreading of the material shall be by means of approved self-propelled spreader equipment. No segregation of large or fine particles will be allowed, and the material as spread shall be well graded. After the base course has been laid loose, it shall be thoroughly rolled with an approved roller weighing not less than 10 tons. Rolling must begin at the sides and continue until there is no movement of the course ahead of the roller. A pneumatic roller shall be employed at all times as for breakdown rolling.
(c) The base course shall be kept in a moist condition to allow compaction to maximum density. Six percent moisture shall be a guideline for the optimum moisture content.
(d) In lieu of the above method of finishing rolling, the contractor may, at his option. use a vibratory method as follows: after the material is spread evenly, so that it will have required thickness after compaction, the entire area shall be compacted by an approved vibratory compactor. Vibration shall continue until the material is keyed sufficiently to permit rolling with an approved roller without displacement of the material. For breakdown rolling a pneumatic roller must be used.
(e) Care shall be exercised to see that the voids in the base course are completely filled, but the operation of vibratory compaction shall not be such as to cause floating of the course aggregate.
(f) The entire area shall then be rolled with an approved roller weighing not less than 10 tons. Rolling shall begin at the sides and continue toward the center and shall continue until there is no movement of the course ahead of the roller.
(4) Testing.
(a) The thickness of the base course shall be determined by the method directed by the Town Engineer, and a sieve analysis shall be performed as directed by the Town Engineer.
(b) Upon completion of the aggregate base course, the contractor shall request an inspection by the Town Engineer and shall not proceed with further roadway work until such inspection has been made and the work approved.
E. Run-of-bank plant mix, asphalt base course. An asphaltic run-of-bank bituminous plant mix may be used in lieu of the stabilized or compacted stone base. This base course shall be composed of run-of-bank bituminous plant mix, properly spread and compacted to a required thickness of 2 1/2 inches. This type of asphalt base may only be used for driveways, common driveways or parking areas, unless otherwise approved by the Superintendent of Highways.
[Amended 6-21-1991 by L.L. No. 16-1991; 12-3-1999 by L.L. No. 33-1999]
F. Asphalt concrete paving. After completion, inspection and approval of the base course installation, asphaltic concrete with a minimum thickness of 1 1/2 inches shall be placed.
(1) Materials.
(a) Asphalt cement. The asphalt cement shall meet the following requirements:
[1] Homogeneous and free from water.
[2] Specific gravity at 77° F. shall be 1.00 to 1.04 for petroleum asphalts.
[3] Penetration of 77° F., 100 g., five seconds shall be 85-10.
[4] Percent penetration at 39.20 F., 200 g., one minute to the penetration at 77° F. shall be not less than 30.
[5] The loss on heating at 325° F. shall be not more than 1% and the penetration of the residue shall be not less than 60.
[6] Solubility in carbon tetrachloride shall not be less than 99.5% for petroleum asphalts.
[7] It shall not flash below 34.7° F. when tested by the Cleveland open cup method.
[8] The ductility at 77° F. shall not be less than 60.
(b) Asphalt concrete: The asphaltic concrete shall consist of a uniform mixture of broken stone, sand, mineral filler and hot asphalt cement in accordance with the following:
| Material | Sieve Size Square Openings | Percent Passing by Weight |
|---|
| Broken stone | 1/2 inch | 100 |
| | 3/8 inch | 50 to 100 |
| | No. 4 | 30 to 70 |
| Sand and stone | No. 10 | 22 to 45 |
| | No. 40 | 12 to 35 |
| Screenings | No. 80 | 7 to 20 |
| | No. 200 | 3 to 6 |
[1] The normal asphalt content shall be 5% to 7 1/2% by weight to total mix. Upper limit may be raised when using absorbative aggregate.
[2] The course aggregate shall consist of clean, durable, broken stone showing a percent of wear when tested by the Devel method, ASTM Designation No. D-2-33, or subsequent revisions, of not more than 3.5%. It shall show not over 10% loss when subjected to five cycles of a sodium or magnesium sulfate soundness test, ASTM Designation No. C-88-41T, or subsequent revisions. Coarse aggregate shall be considered to be that portion retained on the No. 4 sieve.
[3] The fine aggregate shall consist of clean, natural washed sand, rock sand or a combination of any of these materials.
[4] Preparation. Prior to the arrival of the mixture on the job, the base shall be cleaned of all loose and foreign material.
[5] Placement. The pavement shall be deposited on the subbase by a mechanical spreader and compacted to a minimum thickness of 1 1/2 inches with a self-powered, ten-ton, two-wheel roller. Rolling shall continue until all irregularities and roller marks disappear and the surface shows no further compressibility. All pavement not accessible to the roller shall be tamped with heated tampers weighing not less than 25 pounds, having a bearing area not exceeding 48 square inches. In lieu of heated tampers, mechanical tampers may be used. The finished surface shall be smooth and even and shall not vary more than 1/4 inch in 10 feet from the cross section or more than 3/8 inch from true elevation. After completion of the top course pavement installation, an inspection by the Town Engineer will be required.
G. Topsoil and seeding.
(1) Areas disturbed by construction work will be smooth graded, will have objectionable exposed material removed from the surface, will be topsoiled and seeded to prevent erosion of slopes, gutters and pavements.
(2) Topsoil and seeding shall be in accordance with §
220-3.24A and
D, and an established stand of grass suitable for mowing will be required before roads can be considered for acceptance.
H. Shoulder sealing. After completion of the asphalt concrete pavement, the exposed base course shoulders shall be sealed with two coats of one-fourth-to-three-eighths-inch stone chips and asphaltic oil as shown on the Standard Details. The asphaltic oil shall be applied at the rate of 0.50 gallons per square yard for the first coat and 0.30 gallons per square yard for the second coat. The stone chip shall be applied at the rate of 20 pounds per square yard for each coat. After placement of each coat, the entire shoulder area shall be rolled with a roller weighing not less than 10 tons. Shoulder sealing shall only be used if shown on approved plans or if required by the Superintendent of Highways or the Town Engineer.
[Amended 6-21-1991 by L.L. No. 16-1991]
I. Common driveway construction. (See Standard Details.)
[Amended 12-3-1999 by L.L. No. 33-1999]
(1) Preparation. After clearing the required road width and prior to applying the crushed stone and asphalt oil, the subgrade and granular base shall be cleaned of all loose material.
(2) Pavement materials. The pavement shall consist of a granular base with a minimum thickness of eight inches, meeting the requirements of §
220-3.23B(1). Subsequently, two applications of three-eighths-inch crushed stone and asphalt oil shall be placed to a thickness of 3/8 inch per application. After setting, all excess crushed stone is to be removed.
(a) Materials and placement. Crushed stone with RC 30 asphalt oil or approved equivalent: installed at the rate of five-tenths (0.5) gallons per square yard for the first coat, and thirty-five hundredths (0.35) gallons per square yard for the second coat. The stone applied at the rate of 20 pounds per square yard for each coat.
(b) The installation will be in two applications, 24 hours apart. (See Standard Details.)
(3) The above specifications shall apply unless otherwise shown on approved plans or directed by the Town Engineer.
[Added 6-21-1991 by L.L. No. 16-1991]
J. Street and common driveway intersections with state or county roads: These intersections shall be constructed as shown on the detail supplied by the appropriate agency permit. [See §
220-3.02D(3) and
(4).]
[Amended 12-3-1999 by L.L. No. 33-1999]