As used in this chapter, the following terms shall have
the meanings indicated:
APPEAL
A request for a review of the Engineer's interpretation of any
provision of this chapter or a request for a variance.
AREA OF SHALLOW FLOODING
A designated AO, AH, or VO zone on a community's Digital Flood
Insurance Rate Map (DFIRM) with a 1% annual or greater chance of flooding
to an average depth of one to three feet where a clearly defined channel does
not exist, where the path of flooding is unpredictable and where velocity
flow may be evident. Such flooding is characterized by ponding or sheet flow.
AREA OF SPECIAL FLOOD HAZARD
The land in the floodplain within a community subject to a one percent
or greater chance of flooding in any given year.
BASE FLOOD
The flood having a 1% chance of being equaled or exceeded in any
given year.
BASEMENT
Any area of the building having its floor subgrade (below ground
level) on all sides.
BREAKAWAY WALL
A wall that is not part of the structural support of the building
and is intended through its design and construction to collapse under specific
lateral loading forces without causing damage to the elevated portion of the
building or supporting foundation system.
DEVELOPMENT
Any man-made change to improved or unimproved real estate, including
but not limited to buildings or other structures, mining, dredging, filling,
grading, paving, excavation or drilling operations, or storage of equipment
or materials located within the area of special flood hazard.
ELEVATED BUILDING
(1)
A nonbasement building:
(a)
Built in the case of a building in an area of special flood hazard to
have the top of the elevated floor elevated above the ground level by means
of piling, columns (posts and piers), or shear walls parallel to the flow
of the water, and
(b)
Adequately anchored so as not to impair the structural integrity of
the building during a flood up to the magnitude of the base flood. In an area
of special flood hazard "elevated building" also includes a building elevated
by means of fill or solid foundation perimeter walls with openings sufficient
to facilitate the unimpeded movement of floodwaters.
FLOOD or FLOODING
A general and temporary condition of partial or complete inundation
of normally dry land areas from:
(1)
The overflow of inland or tidal waters; and/or
(2)
The unusual and rapid accumulation or runoff of surface waters from
any source.
FLOOD INSURANCE RATE MAP (FIRM)
The official map on which the Federal Insurance Administration has
delineated both the areas of special flood hazards and the risk premium zones
applicable to the community.
FLOOD INSURANCE STUDY (FIS)
The official report in which the Federal Insurance Administration
has provided flood profiles, as well as the Flood Insurance Rate Map(s) and
the water surface elevation of the base flood.
FLOODPLAIN MANAGEMENT REGULATIONS
Zoning ordinances, subdivision regulations, building codes, health
regulations, special purpose ordinances (such as a floodplain ordinance, grading
ordinance and erosion control ordinance) and other applications of police
power. The term describes such state or local regulations, in any combination
thereof, which provide standards for the purpose of flood damage prevention
and reduction.
FLOODWAY
The channel of a river or other watercourse and the adjacent land
areas that must be reserved in order to discharge the base flood without cumulatively
increasing the water surface elevation more than 0.2 foot.
HIGHEST ADJACENT GRADE
The highest natural elevation of the ground surface prior to construction
next to the proposed walls of a structure.
HISTORIC STRUCTURE
Any structure that is:
(1)
Listed individually in the National Register of Historic Places (a listing
maintained by the Department of Interior) or preliminarily determined by the
Secretary of the Interior as meeting the requirements for individual listing
on the National Register;
(2)
Certified or preliminarily determined by the Secretary of the Interior
as contributing to the historical significance of a registered historic district
or a district preliminarily determined by the Secretary to qualify as a registered
historic district;
(3)
Individually listed on a state inventory of historic places in states
with historic preservation programs which have been approved by the Secretary
of the Interior; or
(4)
Individually listed on a local inventory of historic places in communities
with historic preservation programs that have been certified either:
(a)
By an approved state program as determined by the Secretary of the Interior;
or
(b)
Directly by the Secretary of the Interior in states without approved
programs.
LOWEST FLOOR
The lowest floor of the lowest enclosed area (including basement).
An unfinished or flood-resistant enclosure, useable solely for the parking
of vehicles, building access or storage in an area other than a basement is
not considered a building's lowest floor provided that such enclosure
is not built so to render the structure in violation of other applicable nonelevation
design requirements.
MANUFACTURED HOME
A structure, transportable in one or more sections, which is built
on a permanent chassis and is designed for use with or without a permanent
foundation when attached to the required utilities. The term "manufactured
home" does not include a recreational vehicle.
NEW CONSTRUCTION
Structures for which the start of construction commenced on or after
the effective date of a floodplain regulation adopted by a community and includes
any subsequent improvements to such structures.
NEW MANUFACTURED HOME PARK OR SUBDIVISION
A manufactured home park or subdivision for which the construction
of facilities for servicing the lots on which the manufactured homes are to
be affixed (including at a minimum, the installation of utilities, the construction
of streets, and either final site grading or the pouring of concrete pads)
is completed on or after the effective date of the floodplain management regulations
adopted by the municipality.
RECREATIONAL VEHICLE
A vehicle which is:
(1)
Built on a single chassis;
(2)
Four hundred square feet or less when measured at the longest horizontal
projections;
(3)
Designed to be self-propelled or permanently towable by a light-duty
truck; and
(4)
Designed primarily not for use as a permanent dwelling but as temporary
living quarters for recreational, camping, travel, or seasonal use.
START OF CONSTRUCTION
(1)
For other than new construction or substantial improvements under the
Coastal Barrier Resources Act (P.L. No.97-348), includes substantial improvements
and means the date the building permit was issued, provided the actual start
of construction, repair, reconstruction, rehabilitation, addition, placement,
or other improvement was within 180 days of the permit date. The actual start
means either the first placement of permanent construction of a structure
on a site such as the pouring of a slab or footings, the installation of piles,
the construction of columns, or any work beyond the stage of excavation, or
the placement of a manufactured home on a foundation.
(2)
Permanent construction does not include land preparation, such as clearing,
grading and filling, nor does it include the installation of streets and/or
walkways, nor does it include excavation for a basement, footings or piers,
or foundations or the erection of temporary forms, nor does it include the
installation on the property of accessory buildings, such as garages or sheds
not occupied as dwelling units or not part of the main structure. For a substantial
improvement, the actual start of construction means the first alteration of
any wall, ceiling, floor, or other structural part of a building, whether
or not that alteration affects the external dimensions of the building.
STRUCTURE
A walled and roofed building, a manufactured home, or a gas or liquid
storage tank, that is principally above ground.
SUBSTANTIAL DAMAGE
Damage of any origin sustained by a structure whereby the cost of
restoring the structure to its before damaged condition would equal or exceed
50% of the market value of the structure before the damage occurred.
SUBSTANTIAL IMPROVEMENT
Any reconstruction, rehabilitation, addition, or other improvement
of a structure, the cost of which exceeds 50% of the market value of the structure
before the start of construction of the improvement. This term includes structures
which have incurred substantial damage, regardless of the actual repair work
performed. The term does not, however, include either:
(1)
Any project for improvement of a structure to correct existing violations
of state or local health, sanitary or safety code specifications which have
been identified by the local code enforcement officer and which are the minimum
necessary to assure safe living conditions; or
(2)
Any alteration of an historic structure, provided that the alteration
will not preclude the structure's continued designation as an historic
structure.
TOWNSHIP ENGINEER
The Township Engineer of the Township of Bridgewater or his duly
authorized representative.
VARIANCE
A grant of relief from the requirements of this chapter that permits
construction in a manner that would otherwise be prohibited by this chapter.