Article VII Special Use Regulations

Home occupations are permitted by a zoning permit issued upon application to the Zoning Enforcement Officer.

The Zoning Enforcement Officer shall issue a zoning permit only after making a determination that the application conforms to the standards in Subsection D.

Home occupation applications that exceed the standards may be permitted by the Board of Appeals in accordance with § 145-69 and in accordance with Subsection E.

Standards.

The home occupation's operator must live on the premises.

The occupation shall only be conducted within the enclosed area of a dwelling unit or a permitted accessory structure.

No storage of materials, goods, supplies or equipment related to the occupation shall be visible from the outside of any structure of the premises.

Signs shall comply with § 145-22.

No use shall alter the appearance of structures which would cause the premises to differ from its residential character.

Only residents of the premises may be employed.

Parking shall comply with § 145-23.

No space within the dwelling unit or accessory structure larger than 300 square feet shall be used for home occupations.

No occupation which would necessitate a fire rating of the structure to be greater than one hour shall be permitted.

Uses which may be permitted by the Board of Appeals in accordance with the regulations appearing in § 145-69 of this chapter:

In Village Residential, Lakes Residential and Agricultural-B Districts, clerical help on a part-time basis, no more than a total of 20 hours per week.

In the Agricultural-A District, no more than one full-time nonresident employee.

§ 145-26 Estate lots. [1]

The purpose of this regulation is to allow for the creation of lots for single-dwelling units by right and two-, three- and four-dwelling units by special permit with less than the required frontage in exchange for increased square footage, for the purposes of preservation of open space and decreasing density in given areas.

No dwelling unit shall be erected on a lot unless a circle 50 feet in diameter can be passed along a continuous line from the frontage of the lot to any point of the proposed dwelling on the lot without the circumference intersecting any side lot lines.

No more than two consecutive estate lots shall be located on a public way.

The estate lot entrance/driveway shall be clearly designated with a house number sign, not to exceed six square feet. Mailboxes shall not suffice. The sign permit shall be issued with the building permit.

Front yard setback refers to the minimum required distance between the dwelling unit and the public way. Secondary front yard setback refers to the minimum required distance between the dwelling unit and the rearmost property line of the lot between the estate lot and the public way.

Estate lots are permitted in the following districts: Village Residential, Lakes Residential, Agricultural-A and Agricultural-B.

	Estate Lot Diagram
	A = Front yard setback: 160 feet. B = Secondary front yard setback: 40 feet. C = Side yard setback: 60 feet. D = Rear yard setback: 40 feet.

Editor's Note: See the Estate Lot Diagram included at the end of this section.

§ 145-27 Site plan approval.

[Amended 3-20-1995 STM by Art. 15; 5-13-1996 ATM by Art. 23; 5-13-2002 ATM by Art. 21; 5-9-2011 ATM by Art. 16]

Purpose. The purpose of site plan approval is to ensure that the design and layout of new developments comply with the purpose and intent of this chapter, result in attractive and viable growth, and are not detrimental to the neighborhood, environment or community.

Project requiring site plan approval.

No building permit shall be issued for any of the following uses unless a site plan has been endorsed by the Planning Board in accord with Subsection D(3)(a), after consultation with other boards, including but not limited to the following: Select Board, Board of Health, Conservation Commission, Department of Public Works, Town Consulting Engineer, Belchertown Water District (if applicable), other water or sewer districts (if applicable), Historical Commission, Fire Department and Police Department:

[Amended 5-8-2017 ATM by Art. 21; 6-12-2021 ATM by Art. 14]

New construction or exterior additions to a commercial structure;

New construction or exterior additions to an industrial structure;

New construction or exterior additions to a multiple-dwelling structure in a Multiple-Dwelling Residential District (MDR);

Construction or expansion of a parking lot for a municipal, institutional, commercial, business, industrial or multifamily structure or use; or

Any other use specified in § 145-11, Schedule of Use Regulations, which indicates that site plan approval is required.

The Planning Board may waive any of the procedures in Subsection D or site plan contents in Subsection E as long as such action is in the public interest and not inconsistent with the purpose and intent of this chapter.

Exemptions from site plan approval. Site plan approval shall not be required for:

The construction or enlargement of any single-family or two-family dwelling or building accessory to such dwelling;

The construction or alteration of any building used exclusively for agriculture, horticulture or floriculture;

Construction or alteration providing for not more than 200 square feet of total floor area after construction;

Customary home occupations as described in § 145-25 of this chapter.

Procedures for site plan approval.

A review fee shall be charged for each site plan approval application in order to cover expenses connected with processing, review and any public meeting costs associated with the review of the site plan. The fee charged shall be noted on a schedule of Planning Board fees available in the Planning office and the Town Clerk's office. The fee shall be sufficient to cover the costs of advertisement and mailings and outside professional consultants, including but not limited to engineering, planning, architectural and/or legal consultants, for each application proposing construction or alteration, or for each modification or alteration of an approved site plan. The full cost of any Town engineering or planning consultant services shall be paid by the applicant before any site plan approval becomes effective.

Each application for site plan approval shall contain the current owner of record's signed permission and shall be accompanied by 10 copies of the site plan, 12 copies if review by a Water District is necessary. Failure of boards and officials to make recommendations to the Planning Board within 14 days of the application filing date shall be deemed to be a lack of opposition. Any board or official may waive the fourteen-day period by so indicating on the application.

Period of review.

All applications for site plan approval shall be reviewed and acted upon by the Planning Board. For site plan approval applications that coincide with a special permit to be decided by the Planning Board, the schedule and requirements of the special permit determination shall apply. A separate public hearing for a simultaneous site plan approval application is not required. When another board is the special permit granting authority, the Planning Board shall not require an additional separate public hearing. For site plan applications that do not require a special permit, the Planning Board shall, within 35 days of the application filing date, take final action in accordance with Subsection G or make a determination pursuant to Subsection D(3)(b) that a public hearing is necessary. If a public hearing is determined to be necessary, the schedule and requirements of a special permit shall apply.

The Planning Board may determine that a public hearing for a site plan is necessary when the proposed use or uses would:

Affect traffic circulation adversely.

Affect environmental resources, such as surfacewater or groundwaters.

Result in extensive earth removal and change of grades.

Affect significantly the capacity of public infrastructure, such as sewer or water service provision.

Required site plan contents.

All site plans shall be prepared by an architect, landscape architect or professional engineer licensed in Massachusetts on standard twenty-four-inch by thirty-six-inch sheets, unless these requirements are waived by the Planning Board. Site plans shall be prepared at a sufficient scale to show:

The location and boundaries of the lot, adjacent streets and ways and the location and owners' names of all adjacent properties.

Existing and proposed topography, including contours, the location of wetlands, streams, water bodies, drainage swales, areas subject to flooding and unique natural features.

Existing and proposed structures, including dimensions and elevations, and a set of architectural renderings and materials lists for proposed construction consistent with § 145-41 (Commercial development and architectural design).

[Amended 5-12-2014 ATM by Art. 20]

The location of parking and loading areas, driveways, walkways and access and egress points.

The location and description of all proposed septic systems, water supply, storm drainage systems, utilities and other waste disposal and storage methods.

Existing and proposed stormwater runoff calculations and control plan.

Proposed landscape features, including the location and description of screening, fencing and plantings.

The location, dimensions, height and characteristics of proposed signs.

The location and a description of proposed open or recreation areas.

The plan shall describe estimated daily and peak-hour vehicle trips to be generated by the site and traffic flow patterns for vehicles and pedestrians showing adequate access to and from the site and adequate circulation within the site. A detailed traffic generation statement is required for uses that would add 40 or more peak-hour trips.

A plan for the control of erosion, dust, and silt, both during and after construction sequencing, temporary and permanent erosion control, and protection of water bodies.

The Planning Board may require additional information to adequately evaluate the proposed site plan.

Site plan approval criteria guidelines.

The following guidelines shall be used as criteria by the aforementioned boards and officials noted in Subsection B(1) in the review and evaluation of a site plan, consistent with a reasonable use of the site for the purposes permitted or permissible by the regulations of the district in which it is located:

If the proposal requires a special permit, it must conform to the special permit requirements as listed in § 145-69 of this chapter.

The development shall be integrated into the existing terrain and surrounding landscape and shall be designed to protect abutting properties and community amenities. Building sites shall, to the extent feasible:

Minimize use of wetlands, steep slopes, floodplains and hilltops;

Minimize obstruction of scenic views from publicly accessible locations;

Preserve unique natural or historic features;

Minimize tree, vegetation and soil removal and grade changes;

[5]

Maximize open space retention; and

[6]

Screen objectionable features, such as lighting, utility structures, outdoor storage or other such features, from neighboring properties and roadways.

The development shall be served with adequate water supply and waste disposal systems. "Adequate" means the development shall not place an excessive demand on public infrastructure and resources.

The plan shall maximize the convenience and safety of vehicular and pedestrian movement within the site and in relation to adjacent ways. Sidewalks must be shown along the applicant's frontage adjacent to public ways, and shall meet, at a minimum, current ADA standards.

[Amended 5-8-2017 ATM by Art. 22]

The site plan shall show adequate measures to prevent pollution of surface water or groundwater, to minimize erosion and sedimentation and to prevent changes in groundwater levels, increased runoff and potential for flooding. Drainage shall be designed so that runoff shall not be increased, groundwater recharge is maximized and neighboring properties will not be adversely affected.

Exposed storage areas, machinery, service areas, truck loading areas, utility buildings and structures and other unsightly uses shall be set back or screened to protect the neighbors from these objectionable features.

In all cases, setback and dimensions as described in Article V of the Zoning Bylaw must be honored and cannot be waived. The site plan shall comply with all zoning requirements for parking, loading and environmental performance standards and all provisions of this chapter. However, strict compliance with any zoning bylaw governing any individual aspect of a site plan, other than setbacks and dimensions, may be waived by the Planning Board where such action is in not detrimental to the public good. In such cases, any waiver on a site plan with approval from the Planning Board supersedes the individual bylaw governing the waiver. If the applicant requests a waiver, it is incumbent upon the applicant to demonstrate the viability of the proposed waiver. The Planning Board reserves the right to request a waiver when the Board deems it appropriate, even if the applicant does not request a waiver.

The site plan shall demonstrate compliance with § 145-41 (Commercial development and architectural design).

[Added 5-12-2014 ATM by Art. 20]

Before approval of a site plan, the Planning Board may request the applicant to make modifications in the proposed design of the project to ensure that the above criteria are met.

Final action.

The Planning Board's final action shall consist of either:

A determination that the proposed project meets the criteria of Subsection F for site plan approval, stating the specific manner and criteria in which the proposed project conforms to this chapter;

A written denial of the application stating the reasons by which the submitted application and site plan are incomplete for sufficient review by the Planning Board and/or its agents; or

Approval subject to any conditions, modifications and restrictions as the Planning Board may deem necessary.

The Planning Board's decision shall be sent by certified mail to the applicant and shall be filed with the Town Clerk within seven days of the date of the final determination by the Planning Board pertaining to any such plan approval. A copy shall also be sent to the Building Inspector/Zoning Enforcement Officer.

Enforcement.

Security for incomplete work. The Planning Board may require the posting of a performance guaranty, in the form of a deposit of money made out to the Town of Belchertown or a bond, in an amount determined by the Planning Board to be sufficient to cover the costs of all or any part of the improvements required per the approved site plan and outstanding conditions affecting public facilities, such as roads or drainage, or public health, safety or general welfare. The Planning Board, through the action of the Zoning Enforcement Officer, may suspend any license or permit when work is not performed as required. The security or guaranty is to ensure that the incomplete work is completed within a reasonable time. The Planning Board shall establish a deadline for completion of not more than one year from the posting of the security. This allowance is subject to the review by the Planning Board by a site inspection to ensure the safety and health for those who occupy the structure and use the site. If the Planning Board requires a performance guaranty, the guaranty must be posted before the site plan may be approved.

Each site plan must include a total construction estimate with an inflation factor added to it. Security is to be provided to cover all work involving public property, all drainage and stormwater structures, and additional amounts to cover any health and safety hazards resulting from incomplete work on the site.

The Planning Board must sign a certificate of completion for any security or guaranty to be released.

Certificate of occupancy. No occupancy permit shall be issued for any building or structure, or portion thereof, until the Building Inspector receives certification from a registered architect, landscape architect, engineer or land surveyor, that all construction (including utilities) has been done in accordance with the approved site plan (not required for site plans for structures less than 5,000 square feet). The Building Inspector may issue a conditional certificate of occupancy to allow a tenant to operate before full site completion, but this is issued at the tenant's and property owner's risk of rescission in the event that the site work is incomplete by the required date. The Building Inspector and Planning Board shall require a performance guaranty to cover any unfinished site items shown on the approved site plan during the conditional occupancy.

Modification of an approved site plan.

In the event that the applicant desires to alter, modify or correct an approved site plan, the applicant shall provide the Planning Board with:

A written statement, signed by the applicant and property owner, requesting such changes;

Seven prints of the original approved site plan with the changes drawn on said plan in red; and

Other documentation deemed necessary by the Board for its review of the proposed modification.

Minor amendments to an approved site plan may be granted by the Planning Board, upon application and for good cause shown, and shall be acted upon under the procedures applicable to initial approval of a site plan. The Board may require a public hearing in accordance with the provisions of Subsection D(3) if it considers the proposed modification to be potentially detrimental to the neighborhood, community or environment.

The Planning Board shall file its decision on the alteration, modification or corrections to an approved site plan with the Town Clerk and send a copy by certified mail to the applicant. The Planning Board shall notify the Building Inspector/Zoning Enforcement Officer of its site plan amendment decision.

Appeals and expiration.

Decisions on site plan applications reviewed by the Planning Board may be appealed to the Zoning Board of Appeals in accordance with § 145-68A of this chapter and with MGL c. 40A, §§ 8 and 15. Decisions on site plans reviewed by a special permit granting authority as part of a special permit application may be appealed to the appropriate Massachusetts trial court in accordance with MGL c. 40A, § 17.

Site plan approval issued under this section shall expire within two years if a substantial use thereof is not commenced, except for good cause.

§ 145-28 Commercial solar photovoltaic installations. [1]

[Added 5-14-2012 ATM by Art. 26; amended 5-8-2017 ATM by Art. 26; 5-13-2019 ATM by Art. 32; 5-9-2022 ATM by Art. 22]

Purpose. This bylaw is to regulate the development of commercial solar photovoltaic installations by providing standards for their placement, design, construction, operation, monitoring, modifications, and removal; to protect public health, safety or welfare in accordance with M.G.L. c. 40A, § 3; to protect and preserve farmland, forests, and open space as promoted by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts; to protect the scenic, natural, and historic resources of Belchertown; and to provide adequate financial assurance for the eventual decommissioning of such installations. A solar photovoltaic system that is for the exclusive purpose of providing electricity for a property that is primarily in agricultural use as defined under M.G.L. c. 40A, § 3, and that produces electricity to be used solely for the benefit of the agricultural property is exempt.

Applicability. This bylaw applies to large-scale (minimum 250 kW rated nameplate capacity) solar photovoltaic installations constructed after the effective date of this bylaw. This bylaw also pertains to physical modifications that materially alter the type, configuration, or size of these installations or related equipment. The requirements of this bylaw shall apply to a commercial solar photovoltaic installation regardless of whether it is the primary use of property or an accessory use.

As-of-right: The following commercial solar photovoltaic installations, as defined herein, are allowed as of right with site plan approval in all zoning districts:

Any such installation over parking lots;

Any such installation on existing structures.

Special permit: Any CSPI not specified in Subsection B(1) requires a special permit in all zoning districts from the Planning Board. For all special permit applications, site plan approval as described below is required, but shall not require a second public hearing, per § 145-27D(3)(a).

Not permitted: No commercial solar photovoltaic installation may be permitted as follows:

Any CSPI of greater than 15 acres in fenced array area.

Any CSPI requiring forest clearing greater than five acres. Land that has been cleared of forest for less than two years is still considered forested in this clause.

Any CSPI on slopes of 8% or greater as averaged over 50 horizontal feet; the Planning Board may consider waiving this up to 12% based on site-specific parameters.

Any CSPI on a parcel with inadequate frontage as defined in § 145-2.

COMMERCIAL SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC INSTALLATION (CSPI)

Any CSPI fenced area within the 500-year FEMA floodplain.

Definitions.

Any solar photovoltaic installation with 250 kW or greater rated nameplate capacity, even if it's primary generation is not intended for supplying the grid.

RATED NAMEPLATE CAPACITY

The maximum rated output of electric power production of the commercial solar photovoltaic installation in direct current (DC).

SITE PLAN APPROVAL AUTHORITY

The site plan approval authority as designated by the Zoning Bylaw.

SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC ARRAY

An arrangement of solar photovoltaic panels.

Requirements.

Site plan approval. The construction, installation or modification of a CSPI, whether as-of-right or by special permit, shall be subject to site plan approval in accordance with the Zoning Bylaw. Together with the requirements of § 145-27, the Site Plan Approval Authority shall consider and apply the requirements set forth in this bylaw in reviewing and deciding an application for site plan approval.

General. All plans and maps shall be prepared, stamped and signed by a professional engineer licensed to practice in Massachusetts.

Required documents. Each site plan revision shall include a tracking list explaining each change of significance made to the previous site plan. The project proponent shall also provide the following documents:

A site plan showing:

[a]

A manufacturer's warranty of the useful lives of equipment specified for the project;

[b]

Name, address, and contact information for proposed system installer;

[c]

Name, address, phone number and signature of the project proponent, as well as all co-proponents or property owners, if any;

[d]

The name, contact information and signature of any agents representing the project proponent;

[e]

An existing conditions plan with property lines and physical features, including topography and roads, stone walls and foundations, characteristics of vegetation (mature trees, old growth trees, shrubs, open field, etc.), wetlands, streams, and ledge for the project site;

[f]

Off-site features including structures, water bodies, wetlands, riverfront areas, roads, buffers, slopes, aquifers, wellhead protection areas, and utility connections within 1,500 feet;

[g]

[h]

Blueprints or drawings of the solar photovoltaic installation signed by a professional engineer licensed to practice in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts showing the proposed layout of the system and any potential shading from nearby structures;

One- or three-line electrical diagram detailing the solar photovoltaic installation, associated components, and electrical interconnection methods, with all National Electrical Code compliant disconnects and overcurrent devices;

[j]

Documentation of the major system components to be used, including the PV panels, mounting system, and inverter;

[k]

Size and numbers of panels, panel orientations, including active tracking systems, determination of embedded supports or ballasts, battery specifications, including numbers, sizes and cooling requirements, inverter specifications, and utility connection pads;

[l]

Baseline temperature and siltation measurements of affected cold water latitude and longitude coordinates for all array vertices.

A base map of the project site and environs prepared with commonly available geographic information software, such as MassMapper or ArcGIS, with data files included, at a scale of approximately 1:9,000 to include the following:

[a]

Property tax parcels boundaries (1/2 opacity).

[b]

Structures.

[c]

Roads.

[d]

All water resources, including wetlands.

[e]

CSPI fenced area to include:

Array (with latitude and longitude of array vertices provided separately in tabular form).

[ii]

Access roads.

[iii]

Detention and infiltration basins.

Fence.

Site boundary.

Impervious surfaces.

Clear-cut areas and timeline of when last cut.

[f]

Slopes in color relief at a scale of:

0% to 8%.

8.1% to 12%.

12.1% to 30%.

30.1% to vertical.

Terrain aspect map.

Aspect data layer (available in ArcGIS).

[h]

Aquifer map.

Town aquifer.

Additional maps and data layers specific to the proposed project may be requested by the Planning Board.

Documentation of actual or prospective access and control of the project site.

An operation and maintenance plan.

[5]

Proof of liability insurance.

[6]

Description of financial surety that satisfies Subsection I(5).

[7]

There shall be a fence surrounding the solar array and ancillary equipment.

The Site Plan Approval Authority may waive documentary requirements as it deems appropriate upon the written request of the applicant submitted with an application for approval.

Site control. The project proponent shall submit documentation of actual or committed prospective access and control of the project site sufficient to allow for construction and operation of the proposed CSPI.

Operation & maintenance plan. The project proponent shall submit a plan for the operation and maintenance of the CSPI. This plan shall include measures to maintain safe access to the installation, stormwater controls, and general procedures for operational maintenance of the installation. The development is subject to the Belchertown Stormwater bylaw and regulations.

Utility notification. No CSPI shall be constructed until evidence has been given to the Site Plan Approval Authority that the utility company operating the electrical grid the installation is to be connected to have been informed of the CSPI owner or operator's intent to install an interconnected customer-owned generator. Off-grid systems shall be exempt from this requirement.

Dimension and density requirements.

Setbacks. For all CSPI, front, side and rear yard setbacks shall be as follows:

The front setback depth shall be at least 150 feet;

The side setback depth shall be at least 75 feet;

The rear setback depth shall be at least 75 feet;

The setback from any developed residential property shall be at least 500 feet, from CSPI fence line to adjacent property line.

Appurtenant structures. All appurtenant structures to a CSPI shall be subject to the requirements of the Zoning Bylaw concerning the bulk and height of structures, lot area, setbacks, open space, parking and building coverage requirements. All such appurtenant structures, including, but not limited to, equipment shelters, storage facilities, transformers, and substations, shall be architecturally compatible with each other. Whenever reasonable, structures should be shaded from view by vegetation.

Design standards.

General. CSPI stormwater controls must comply with all Belchertown stormwater regulations and requirements, Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection requirements and guidelines, and USEPA requirements.

Construction method. The applicant must demonstrate that array specifications provided by the manufacturer, including but not limited to support post mounting strategies, are consistent with the site geotechnical analysis. The applicant must provide a proposed method for mounting the array that responds to existing water and soil conditions, with particular attention to high water tables and/or bedrock. The Planning Board may require a contractor's review of the proposed methods.

Lighting. Lighting of CSPI shall be limited to nighttime maintenance and inspections by authorized personnel, and shall comply with Dark Sky standards. There shall be no illumination without personnel on the site.

Signage. A sign shall be erected identifying the owner and providing a twenty-four-hour emergency contact phone number of the CSPI owner or operator. CSPIs shall not display any advertising. Any sign must comply with § 145-22.

Daytime visual distraction. The panel array shall be positioned to minimize glare on any residence or public way, and shall not create a visual obstruction on a public roadway, such as blocking intersections or creating blind curves.

Utility connections. Reasonable efforts shall be made to place all utility connections from the CSPI underground, depending on appropriate soil conditions, shape, and topography of the site and any requirements of the utility provider. Electrical transformers for utility interconnections may be above ground if required by the utility provider.

Safety and environmental standards.

Emergency services. The CSPI owner or operator shall provide a copy of the project summary, electrical schematic, and an approved site plan to the local fire department and the Building Inspector. Upon request the owner or operator shall cooperate with local emergency services in developing an emergency response plan, which may include ensuring that emergency personnel have immediate, twenty-four-hour access to the facility. All means of shutting down the CSPI shall be clearly marked. The owner or operator shall identify a responsible person for public inquiries throughout the life of the installation, and shall provide a mailing address and twenty-four-hour telephone number for such person(s).

Project visibility and landscape planting. A CSPI shall be designed to minimize its visibility, including preserving natural vegetation to the maximum extent possible, blending in equipment with the surroundings, adding vegetative buffers to provide an effective visual barrier from adjacent roads and driveways, and to screen abutting dwellings. The owner of the CSPI shall not remove any naturally occurring vegetation such as trees and shrubs unless it adversely affects the performance and operation of the solar installation. A diversity of plant species native to New England shall be used for any screens and vegetative erosion controls. Use of exotic plants, as identified by the most recent version of the "Massachusetts Prohibited Plant List" maintained by the Massachusetts Department of Agricultural Resources, is prohibited. If deemed necessary by the Planning Board, the depth of the vegetative screen shall be 30 feet and will be composed of native trees and shrubs staggered for height and density that shall be properly maintained. Cultivars of native plants are acceptable. The open area of the site shall be seeded with a pollinator mix and maintained as bird and insect habitat. Mowing is to be done as little as possible to retain a natural functioning of the landscape. Plants shall be maintained and replaced as necessary by the owner of the CSPI for the life of the CSPI.

Land clearing, soil erosion, and wildlife habitat. Clearing of natural vegetation shall be limited to what is necessary for the construction, operation, and maintenance of the CSPI or otherwise prescribed by applicable laws, regulations, and bylaws. A CSPI may not be constructed on slopes exceeding 8% except as expressly authorized pursuant to § 145-28B(3)(c), nor may cutting and filling be done to reduce natural slopes. Existing root structures and topsoil shall be maintained to the maximum extent practicable and provide for a minimum of six inches of topsoil on all exposed areas.

Fire protection. The project must meet the Massachusetts Comprehensive Fire Safety Code 527 CMR 1.00, with Amendments NFPA 1, 2015, or version of the fire code at the time of the project.

Mitigation measures.

Mitigation for loss of carbon sequestration and forest habitat. If forestland is proposed to be converted to a CSPI, the plans shall designate an area of unprotected land (that is, land that could otherwise be developed under current zoning) on the parcel or block of contiguous parcels under common ownership that comprise the project site, and of a size equal to four times the total area of such forest conversion. Such designated land shall remain in substantially its natural condition without alteration except for routine forestry practices until such time as the CSPI is decommissioned and the site restored to forest. The special permit may be conditioned to effect and make enforceable this requirement.

Mitigation for loss of forest habitat within the installation. If forestland is proposed to be converted to a CSPI, the plans shall show mitigation measures that create a wildflower meadow habitat within and immediately around the CSPI and a successional forest habitat in the surrounding areas managed to prevent shading until the installation is decommissioned and the site restored to forest. The special permit may be conditioned to effect and make enforceable this requirement.

Wildlife corridors. Wildlife corridors shall be provided for single arrays with an area of 10 acres or more. Local wildlife must be identified, and corridor widths shall correspond to specific area wildlife and must be based on the best available science as supported by citation(s).

Monitoring and maintenance.

Construction monitoring. The Site Plan Approval Authority may require a third-party inspector, selected by and acting under the direction of the Building Commissioner, to be employed to monitor compliance with all approvals and conditions during the CSPI's construction at the applicant's expense.

Maintenance. The CSPI owner or operator shall maintain the facility in good condition. Maintenance shall include, but not be limited to, painting, structural repairs, and integrity of security measures. Site access shall be maintained to a level acceptable to the local emergency services. The owner or operator shall be responsible for the cost of maintaining the solar photovoltaic installation and all access roads that are not public ways.

Annual reporting. The owner or operator of a CSPI shall submit an annual report demonstrating and certifying compliance with the operation and maintenance plan, the requirements of this bylaw, and approvals granted hereunder, including but not limited to continued management and maintenance of vegetation, compliance with the approved plans and any permit conditions, continuation of liability insurance, and adequacy of road access. The annual report shall also provide information on the maintenance completed during the course of the year and the amount of electricity generated by the facility. The report shall be submitted to the Select Board, Planning Board, Fire Chief, Building Commissioner, Board of Health, and Conservation Commission (if a wetlands permit was issued) no later than 45 days after the end of the calendar year.

Modifications. All material modifications to a CSPI made after issuance of the required building permit shall require approval by the Site Plan Approval Authority.

Discontinuance and removal.

Removal requirements. Any CSPI, or any substantial part thereof, not used for a period of one continuous year or more without written permission from the Site Plan Approval Authority, or that has reached the end of its useful life, shall be considered discontinued and shall be removed. Upon written request from the Building Inspector, addressed to the contact address provided and maintained by the owner or operator as required above, the owner or operator shall provide evidence to the Building Inspector demonstrating continued use of the CSPI. Failure to provide such evidence within 30 days of such written request shall be conclusive evidence that the installation has been discontinued. Anyone intending to decommission and/or remove such an installation shall notify the Site Plan Approval Authority and Building Inspector by certified mail of the proposed date of discontinued operations and plans for removal. The owner or operator shall physically remove the installation no more than 150 days after the date of discontinued operations. Removal shall consist of:

Physical removal of all parts of and appurtenances to the CSPI, including structures, equipment, security barriers and transmission lines;

Disposal of all solid and hazardous waste in accordance with local, state, and federal waste disposal regulations;

Stabilization or revegetation of the site as necessary to minimize erosion. The Site Plan Approval Authority may allow the owner or operator to leave landscaping or designated below-grade foundations in order to minimize erosion and disruption to vegetation.

Any site that was deforested for the CSPI, per § 145-28B(3)(b), shall be restored to encourage native tree growth, including the planting of seedlings, if necessary, to establish growth. The cost of plant replacement shall be incorporated into the financial surety stipulated in § 145-28I(5) below.

Decommissioning methods. Decommissioning methods must be explained in detail and in sequential steps. Particular attention should be paid to hazardous materials removal (glass panels with heavy metals) and site restoration, including support post cutting, removal, and sealing, if any, below grade.

Decommissioning budgets. Decommissioning estimates must be provided by a Construction Estimator with experience 1) removing hazardous materials (glass panels with heavy metal elements) and 2) demolition, and/or other remediation of steel infrastructure, including steel posts embedded in concrete grouting below grade (if ballasts are not used). The work must be sufficiently developed to facilitate accurate estimations of the cost of deconstruction and disposal.

If the owner or operator of the CSPI fails to remove the installation in accordance with the requirements of this section, the Town shall have the right, to the extent it is otherwise duly authorized by law, to enter the property and physically remove the installation at the expense of the owner of the installation and the owner(s) of the site on which the facility is located. The Town may use the financial surety as stipulated in § 145-28I(5), below for this purpose.

Financial surety. Proponents seeking to construct and operate a CSPI shall provide to the Town, in a form determined by the Site Plan Approval Authority and prior to construction, a surety, through cash, an escrow account, bond or otherwise, to cover the cost of removal in the event the town must remove the CSPI and remediate the landscape, including reforestation. This financial surety shall incorporate an additional 10% contingency fee. The amount and form of such surety shall be determined by the Site Plan Approval Authority. This surety will not be required for municipally or state-owned facilities. The project proponent shall submit a fully inclusive estimate of the costs associated with removal, prepared by a qualified engineer. The amount shall include a mechanism for calculating increased removal costs due to inflation.

Severability. A determination that any specific portion of this § 145-28 is invalid shall not render any other part thereof invalid.

Editor's Note: Former § 145-28, Site plan review, as amended, was repealed 5-9-2011 ATM by Art. 16.

§ 145-28.1 Small wind energy systems.

[Added 5-9-2016 ATM by Art. 31]

Purpose and intent. This bylaw is to promote safe, effective and efficient use of small wind energy systems for individual property owners to reduce on-site consumption of utility-supplied electricity, while avoiding undue negative effects on surrounding properties.

Applicability.

Small wind energy systems, as defined herein, shall be allowed by special permit issued in accordance with this bylaw in all zoning districts in the Town.

The Planning Board is the special permit granting authority for small wind energy systems.

This section applies to small wind systems no greater than 100 kilowatts of rated nameplate capacity proposed to be constructed after the effective date of this section.

Towers are limited to one tower per parcel.

Small wind energy systems mounted on buildings shall extend or protrude no more than five feet higher than the highest point of the building.

WIND MONITORING OR METEOROLOGICAL TOWER

Small wind energy systems that are used primarily for agriculture, as defined in § 145-2 of this chapter, also pursuant to MGL c. 40A, § 3, are exempt from this bylaw.

Definitions.

HEIGHT

The height of a wind turbine measured from natural grade to the tip of the rotor blade at its highest point, or blade-tip height. This measure is also commonly referred to as the maximum tip height (MTH).

OFF-GRID

A standalone generating system not connected to or in any way dependent on the public utility grid.

RATED NAMEPLATE CAPACITY

The maximum rated output of electric power specified by an equipment manufacturer on the nameplate of a piece of equipment or wind turbine system.

SMALL WIND ENERGY SYSTEM

A wind energy conversion system consisting of a wind turbine and associated control or conversion electronics that has a rated capacity of not more than 100 kW and which is intended to provide power primarily for on-site uses, although excess generation may be supplied to the commercial power grid. The distinction between this small wind energy system and a commercial system is that this is intended to provide an alternative to the public utility grid, whereas a commercial system is intended to provide to the public utility grid for pay.

TOWER

A freestanding structure on which the wind turbine is mounted.

A temporary tower used to gather wind data necessary for site evaluation and development of a wind energy project. In addition, a meteorological tower may be equipped to record temperature, solar radiation and air pressure if necessary, but is not used for the purpose of generating electricity.

WIND TURBINE

A device that converts kinetic wind energy into rotational energy that drives an electrical generator. A wind turbine typically consists of a tower, nacelle body, and a rotor with two or more blades.

Submission requirements. The applicant shall provide 10 copies of each of the following to the Planning Board as part of the special permit application:

A completed application form with a review fee.

Existing conditions site plan drawn to scale and in sufficient detail to show the following:

Property lines, dimensions and area, subject property's owners, and abutters within 300 feet of the subject property.

Location and dimensions of all existing buildings, accessory structures and uses, public and private roads, driveways, easements, stone walls, and fence lines within 300 feet of the system.

Height of any structures over 35 feet, and the location and average height of trees on the subject property and adjacent properties, within 300 feet of the proposed small wind turbine.

Proposed conditions site plan drawn to scale and in sufficient detail to show the following:

The location of the proposed tower and any appurtenances and equipment. Indicate property boundaries and distances to the base of the wind tower and to the nearest corners of each of the appurtenant structures and equipment.

Limits of areas where vegetation is to be cleared or altered and justification for any such clearing or alteration.

Plans to control erosion and sedimentation both during construction and as a permanent measure.

Plans indicating locations and specifics of proposed screening, landscaping, ground cover, fencing, exterior lighting or signs.

Plans of the proposed access driveway at the subject site, whether temporary or permanent; include grading, drainage, and traveled width. Include a cross section of the access drive indicating the width, depth of gravel, paving or surface material.

Location of access easements or rights-of-way, if any, needed for access to the wind tower from a street.

Standard drawings of the structural components of the small wind energy system, including structures, tower, base and footings. Drawings and any necessary calculations shall be certified by a registered engineer. The system must comply with the Massachusetts building and electrical codes.

A technical report from a qualified individual that the site is feasible for wind power, that documents wind speed at the proposed site, that anticipates energy that will be created from the small wind energy system, and that estimates the amount of energy necessary to serve the on-site uses.

Post-construction simulation views of the site from at least four locations where the tower and blades would be visible as through means of sketches or computer simulations.

A proposed maintenance schedule for the small wind energy system and related equipment.

Emergency services: The applicant shall provide a copy of the project summary and electrical schematic. All means of disconnecting the small wind energy system shall be clearly marked. This shall be forwarded to the Fire Department for review and approval.

Design and siting requirements.

Unauthorized access: Small wind energy systems shall be designed to prevent unauthorized access.

Land clearing, soil erosion and wildlife habitat: Clearing of natural vegetation shall be limited to that which is necessary for the construction, operation and maintenance of the small wind energy system and is otherwise prescribed by applicable laws, regulations, and bylaws.

Setbacks: A wind turbine tower may not be sited within:

A distance equal to 1.5 times the maximum tip height (MTH) of the wind turbine from buildings, the nearest property line, critical infrastructure — including critical electric infrastructure and above-ground natural gas distribution infrastructure — or private or public ways that are not part of the wind energy facility;

A distance equal to three times the maximum tip height (MTH) from the nearest occupied residential or commercial structure.

Height: The small wind energy system's maximum tip height shall not exceed 120 feet in height, and must comply with Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Regulations.

Noise: The wind facility and associated equipment shall conform with the provisions of the Department of Environmental Protection's Division of Air Quality Noise Regulations (310 CMR 7.10), unless the Department and the Planning Board agree that those provisions shall not be applicable. A source of sound will be considered to be violating these regulations if the source:

Increases the broadband sound level by more than 10 dB(A) above ambient sound; or

Produces a pure tone condition when an octave band center frequency sound pressure level exceeds the two adjacent center frequency sound pressure levels by three decibels or more.

These criteria are measured both at the property line and at the nearest inhabited structure. Ambient sound is defined as the background A-weighted sound level that is exceeded 90% of the time measured during equipment hours. The ambient sound may also be established by other means with consent from DEP. An analysis prepared by a qualified engineer shall be presented to demonstrate compliance with these noise standards, if required by the Planning Board. The Planning Board, in consultation with the Department, shall determine whether such violations shall be measured at the property line or at the nearest inhabited residence.

Lighting: Small wind energy systems shall be lighted only if required by the Federal Aviation Administration. Lighting of other parts of the small wind energy system, such as appurtenant structures, shall be limited to that required for safety and operational purposes, and shall be reasonably shielded from abutting properties.

Signage and advertising: Signs shall be restricted to reasonable identification of the manufacturer or operator of the small wind energy facility and shall defer to the requirements of the Town of Belchertown sign regulations. No advertising shall be allowed.

Visibility: The wind generation equipment shall have a non-reflective finish of an unobtrusive color.

Electromagnetic interference: The small wind energy system shall cause no electromagnetic interference. If it is determined that the system causes interference, the operator shall take the necessary corrective action to eliminate this interference, subject to the approval of the Building Commissioner.

Approval. The Planning Board shall proceed in accordance with the procedures and timelines for special permits in MGL c. 40A, § 9, and § 145-69 of this bylaw. The Planning Board may hire professional consultants at the expense of the applicant to assist it in evaluating the proposed small wind turbine and the impacts on the community. The special permit will run with the property and shall not be specific to a particular owner unless otherwise noted.

Maintenance requirements.

The Building Commissioner reserves the right to inspect the small wind energy system and its appurtenances at any time.

At all times the applicant and/or successive owners shall maintain the small wind turbine and related equipment in good working condition and perform regular maintenance in accordance with the approved maintenance schedule. A record shall be kept of all maintenance performed, and said record must be provided to the Building Commissioner whenever requested to verify maintenance.

The owner's contact information and the manufacturer's contact information must be on file with the Building Commissioner and Fire Department in cases of emergencies.

Should the turbine fall into disrepair and/or experience a situation where it is producing unusual noise or other emissions, the system owner shall have no more than 24 hours to implement actions to correct the situation.

Failure to properly maintain the small wind turbine or correct other issues may result in revocation of the special permit.

The Town retains the right, after the receipt of an appropriate court order to enter and remove an abandoned or hazardous small wind turbine, and its related equipment, that is not removed by the property owner within 90 days from the date the Building Commissioner issues written determination that the system is abandoned or hazardous. All associated costs of removal and securing the site for an abandoned or hazardous small wind turbine and related equipment will be charged to the property owner in accordance with the provisions of MGL c. 139, § 3A, as a tax lien on the property.

Term of special permit for a small wind energy system. A special permit issued for the construction or operation of any small wind energy system shall be valid for 25 years, unless extended or renewed. Upon request, the Planning Board may extend the time period or renew the special permit, if there has been satisfactory operation of the facility. Any special permit issued under this bylaw shall lapse within one year from the grant thereof if construction has not sooner commenced except for good cause. In such a case, a new application process must be undertaken before the small wind energy system can proceed. Upon expiration or termination of the special permit, the small wind energy system shall be removed by the applicant.

Change of owner. Once a special permit for a residential small wind energy system has been approved, the applicant shall duly record a copy of the special permit with the Hampshire Registry of Deeds. All conditions under which the special permit was originally granted shall be binding on all successive owners of the property.

Removal requirements.

A small wind energy system that is not used for 180 days shall be deemed abandoned and shall be dismantled and removed from the property at the expense of the small wind energy system owner. Removal of the system shall include the structure, foundation, transmission equipment, fencing and other appurtenances. The site shall be revegetated to prevent erosion.

Any small wind energy system which has reached the end of its useful life or has been abandoned shall be removed. The owner/operator shall physically remove the small wind energy system no more than 90 days after the date of discontinued operations. "Physically remove" shall include, but not be limited to:

Removal of all wind turbines, structures, shelters, machinery, equipment, fencing, security barriers, transmission lines and other appurtenances from the site;

Disposal of all solid and hazardous waste in accordance with local and state waste disposal regulations; and

§ 145-28.2 Battery energy storage systems.

Restoration of the location of the small wind energy system to its natural condition.

Waiver provisions. The Board may waive strict compliance with any provision of this bylaw if it deems it in the public interest and determines that the intent of the bylaw has been maintained. Such waivers must be referenced in the written site plan approval decision, including the reasons for them.

[Added 5-13-2024 ATM by Art. 28]

Purpose.

This bylaw is to regulate the development of, and to provide for the construction and operation of battery energy storage systems (BESS). It is also:

To provide standards for the placement, design, construction, monitoring, modification, and removal of energy storage systems that address public safety, minimize detriments to scenic, natural, and historic resources of Belchertown; and

To provide adequate financial assurance for decommissioning.

The provisions set forth in this section shall take precedence over all other sections when considering applications related to the construction, operation, and/or repair of battery energy storage systems.

Further, this bylaw is to facilitate energy storage while protecting the community by:

Providing standards for BESS placement, design, construction, operation, monitoring, modifications, and removal;

To protect public health, safety or welfare in accordance with M.G.L. c. 40A, § 3, as applicable;

To protect and preserve farmland, forests, and open space as promoted by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts; and

To protect the scenic, natural, and historic resources of Belchertown.

Applicability.

Building-integrated battery energy storage systems.

Battery energy storage systems that are building-integrated, whether in a residential or commercial building, shall not be erected, constructed, installed, or modified as provided in this section without first obtaining a building permit from the Building Inspector.

Building-integrated battery energy storage systems may be joined with rooftop solar or behind-the-meter applications for reducing peak power demand from the grid.

Building-integrated battery energy storage systems may be located in any zoning district of Belchertown.

Building-integrated battery energy storage systems are for the exclusive purpose of storing electricity produced on-site and shall not be operated for profit beyond what federal, state, and utility incentives provide an individual residence or business.

Co-located battery energy storage systems.

Battery energy storage facilities are encouraged to co-locate with both renewable and nonrenewable power generation stations, and electrical substations.

Battery energy storage systems associated with on-site renewable electricity generation shall be permitted in all districts where such installations are permitted by special permit and site plan approval, and shall meet the requirements for solar photovoltaic installations, § 145-128. This does not exempt the BESS location from requirement B(4) below.

Battery energy storage systems must meet the siting standards of § 145-28B(3).

Battery energy storage systems are not permitted in the Floodplain and Aquifer Protection overlay zones, nor are they permitted in NHESP Estimated Habitats of Rare Wildlife and NHESP Priority Habitats of Rare Species regardless of a related renewable generation installation being in such areas.

The nameplate capacity of an Energy Storage system shall not exceed the total kW of energy being produced on the three-phase distribution line that the energy storage system will be interconnected to.

BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Modifications to, retrofits, or replacements of an existing battery energy storage system that increase the total battery energy storage system designed discharge duration or power rating shall be subject to this bylaw.

Definitions.

ANSI

American National Standards Institute.

An electronic system that protects energy storage systems from operating outside their safe operating parameters and disconnects electrical power to the energy storage system or places it in a safe condition if potentially hazardous temperatures or other conditions are detected.

BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM

A physical container providing secondary containment to one or more battery cells for storing electrical energy derived from solar or directly from the grid that is equipped with cooling, ventilation, fire suppression, and an electronic battery management system. It may be a primary use or accessory to a solar energy facility, power generation facility, an electrical substation, or other similar uses. A battery energy storage system can be classified as a Tier 1, Tier 2, or Tier 3 battery energy storage system, as follows:

Tier 1 battery energy storage systems are defined as building-integrated battery energy storage systems that have an aggregate energy capacity less than or equal to 80 kWh and whose purpose is to store energy produced for on-site consumption, and if in a room or enclosed area, consists of only a single energy storage system technology. The facility must comply with the Massachusetts Electrical Code (527 CMR 12.00) and the Massachusetts Fire Code (527 CMR 1.00).

Tier 2 battery energy storage systems are defined as those that are interconnected to utility distribution lines and have an aggregate energy capacity less than or equal to 10 megawatts. The facility must comply with the Massachusetts Electrical Code (527 CMR 12.00) and the Massachusetts Fire Code (527 CMR 1.00).

Tier 3 battery energy storage systems are defined as those that are interconnected to high voltage transmission lines and have an aggregate energy capacity greater than 10 megawatts. The facility must comply with the Massachusetts Electrical Code (527 CMR 12.00) and the Massachusetts Fire Code (527 CMR 1.00).

BATTERY(IES)

A single cell or a group of cells connected together electrically in series, in parallel, or a combination of both, which can charge, discharge, and store energy electrochemically. For the purposes of this law, batteries utilized in consumer products are excluded from these requirements.

CELL

The basic electrochemical unit, characterized by an anode and a cathode, used to receive, store, and deliver electrical energy.

COMMISSIONING

A systematic process that provides documented confirmation that a battery energy storage system functions according to the intended design criteria and complies with applicable code requirements.

DEDICATED-USE BUILDING

A building that is built for the primary intention of housing battery energy storage system equipment, is classified as Group F-1 occupancy as defined in the International Building Code, and complies with the following:

The building's only use is battery energy storage, energy generation, and other electrical grid-related operations.

No other occupancy types are permitted in the building.

Occupants in the rooms and areas containing battery energy storage systems are limited to personnel that operate, maintain, service, test, and repair the battery energy storage system and other energy systems.

Administrative and support personnel are permitted in areas within the buildings that do not contain battery energy storage system, provided the following:

The areas do not occupy more than 10% of the building area of the story in which they are located.

SITE PLAN APPROVAL AUTHORITY

A means of egress is provided from the administrative and support use areas to the public way that does not require occupants to traverse through areas containing battery energy storage systems or other energy system equipment.

RATED NAMEPLATE CAPACITY

The maximum rated output of electric power production of the energy storage system in alternating current (AC).

The Belchertown Planning Board is the site plan approval authority.

All Tier 2 and 3 battery energy storage systems shall require a special permit and site plan approval by the Planning Board prior to construction, installation, or modification as provided in this bylaw.

The construction, operation, and decommissioning of all battery storage energy storage systems shall be consistent with all applicable local, state, and federal requirements, including but not limited to all applicable environmental, safety, construction, fire, and electrical requirements.

A building permit and an electrical permit shall be required for installation of all battery energy storage systems.

Technical reviews will be performed by the Fire Department, Conservation Commission, Board of Health, Department of Public Works, and engineering peer review. Other entities may be required by the Planning Board at its discretion.

In addition to requirements for special permit and site plan approval, the application shall include the following:

A site plan prepared, stamped and signed by a professional engineer licensed to practice in Massachusetts, that shows the following:

An existing conditions plan with property lines and physical features, including topography and roads, characteristics of vegetation (trees - mature, old growth, shrubs, open field, etc.), wetlands, streams, ledge, active farmland and prime farmland soils, permanently protected open space, Priority Habitat Areas and BioMap 2 Critical Natural Landscape Core Habitat mapped by the Natural Heritage and Endangered Species Program (NHESP) and "Important Wildlife Habitat" mapped by the DEP, for the project site;

Proposed changes to the landscape of the site, including grading, vegetation clearing and planting, exterior lighting, screening vegetation or structures, driveways, snow storage, and stormwater management systems; including total acreage of disturbed area, total vegetation cleared, not including mowed fields;

Trees with a DBH of 20" or greater within project parcel(s) shall be identified to determine tree loss, along with inventorying of diseased or hazard trees slated to be removed due to proposed development;

Property lines and physical dimensions of the subject property with contour intervals of no more than 10 feet;

Property lines of adjacent parcels within 30 feet;

Names and addresses of all abutters, and abutters to abutters within 300 feet;

Location, dimensions, and types of existing major structures on the property;

Locations of fences and gates;

Location of Knox Box for Fire Department access;

Location of the proposed battery energy storage structures, foundations, and associated equipment;

The right-of-way of any public road that is contiguous with the property;

(l)

Any overhead or underground utilities;

(m)

Locations of floodplains or inundation areas for moderate or high hazard dams;

(n)

Stormwater management and erosion and sediment control;

(o)

Zoning setbacks;

(p)

Landscaping and screening, with no vegetation within 30' of a box.

A preliminary equipment specification sheet that documents the proposed battery energy storage system components, inverters and associated electrical equipment that are to be installed, including manufacturer and model. A final equipment specification sheet shall be submitted prior to the issuance of building permit;

One- or three-line electrical diagram showing associated components, and electrical interconnection methods, with all NEC compliant disconnects and overcurrent devices;

Contact information and signature of the project proponent, as well as all co-proponents, if any, and all property owners;

Contact information and signature of agents representing the project proponent, if any;

Contact information for the person(s) responsible for public inquiries throughout the life of the system;

An operations and maintenance plan for battery energy storage system. Such plan shall describe continuing battery energy storage system maintenance and property maintenance, as well as design, construction, installation, testing and commissioning information;

Documentation that shows the owner of the energy storage system has site control, which shall include easements and access roads;

Documentation that shows the owner of the energy storage system has notified the electric utility of this installation;

(10)

Emergency operations plan. An emergency operations plan must incorporate the management of a worst-case scenario. This will include the plan to protect the air, water, and soil in the vicinity of the BESS. A copy of the approved emergency operations plan shall be given to the system owner and the local fire department. A permanent copy shall also be placed in an approved location to be accessible to facility personnel, fire code officials, and emergency responders. The emergency operations plan shall include the following information:

Procedures for safe shutdown, de-energizing, or isolation of equipment and systems under emergency conditions to reduce the risk of fire, electric shock, and personal injuries, and for safe startup following cessation of emergency conditions.

Procedures for inspection and testing of associated alarms, interlocks, and controls.

Procedures to be followed in response to notifications from the battery energy storage management system, when provided, that could signify potentially dangerous conditions, including shutting down equipment, summoning service and repair personnel, and providing agreed upon notification to Fire Department personnel for potentially hazardous conditions in the event of a system failure.

Emergency procedures to be followed in case of fire, explosion, release of liquids or vapors, damage to critical moving parts, or other potentially dangerous conditions. Procedures can include sounding the alarm, notifying the Fire Department, evacuating personnel, de-energizing equipment, and controlling and extinguishing the fire.

Response considerations similar to a safety data sheet (SDS) that will address response safety concerns and extinguishment when an SDS is not required.

Procedures for dealing with battery energy storage system equipment damaged in a fire or other emergency event, including maintaining contact information for personnel qualified to safely remove damaged battery energy storage system equipment from the facility.

Twenty-four-hour remote monitoring and alarm linked to the owner and to the Fire Department.

Monitoring and protection of air, soil, surface waters and groundwater near the site.

Driveway access sufficient for the fire engine, ladder truck, tanker, and any other emergency equipment.

Standpipe to flood any equipment boxes.

Other procedures as determined necessary by the Fire Department, Conservation Commission, or Board of Health to provide for the safety of occupants, neighboring properties, and emergency responders.

(l)

Procedures and schedules for conducting drills of these procedures and for training local first responders on the contents of the plan and appropriate response procedures.

(m)

This plan must include long-term site cleaning and restoration. This must be on file with the Fire Department, Health Department, Conservation Department, and Department of Public Works.

(11)

Proof of liability insurance. The applicant shall be required to provide evidence of liability insurance in an amount and for a duration sufficient to cover loss or damage to persons and property caused by the failure of the system.

Design and site standards. In addition to the standards for special permit and Site Plan Review in the Zoning Bylaw, the applicant shall adhere to the following standards and provide such information on the site plan:

Utility lines. All on-site utility lines shall be placed underground to the extent feasible and as permitted by the serving utility.

Signage. The signage shall include the type of technology associated with the systems, any special hazards associated therewith, the type of suppression system installed, and twenty-four-hour emergency contact information. All information shall be clearly displayed on a reflective surface. Clearly visible warning signs concerning voltage shall be placed at the base of all pad-mounted transformers and substations.

Lighting must be Dark Sky compliant and operated only by motion detectors with no exposed illumination source.

Vegetation and tree-cutting. In addition to the clearing of vegetation within 30 feet of a battery container, areas within 10 feet on each side of a system shall be cleared of combustible vegetation and other combustible growth. Single specimens of trees or shrubbery and cultivated ground covers or similar plants shall be exempt provided that they do not form a means of readily transmitting fire. Clearing of natural vegetation shall be limited to that which is necessary for the construction, operation and maintenance of the system and that which is otherwise prescribed by applicable bylaws and regulations.

Noise. The one-hour average noise generated from the systems, components, and associated ancillary equipment shall not exceed a noise level of 60 dBA as measured at the property line.

Written agreement with the Fire Chief that annual inspections of the site will be scheduled with the Fire Department.

Special permit criteria. The Planning Board may approve an application if the Board finds that the system complies with the site plan review and approval criteria and with the conditions for granting special permits, notably § 145-69A. Battery energy storage systems shall also satisfy the following additional criteria:

Environmental features of the site are protected, and surface runoff will not damage surrounding properties or increase soil erosion and sedimentation of nearby streams and ponds.

The Planning Board may also impose conditions as it finds reasonably appropriate to protect the Town or neighborhood, including, but not limited to, screening, lighting, noise, fences, modification of the exterior appearance of electrical cabinets, battery storage systems, or other structures, limitation upon system size, and means of vehicular access or traffic features.

No occupancy shall be allowed by the Building Commissioner, nor shall the site be energized or interconnected to the utility until the Planning Board has received, reviewed, and approved an as-built plan that demonstrates that the work proposed on the approved site plan, including all stormwater management components and associated off-site improvements, have been completed in accordance with the approved plan and certified same to the Building Commissioner.

The Planning Board may, in its discretion, approve an as-built plan upon provision of a proper bond, covenant, or third-party agreement to secure incomplete work where such work is not immediately necessary for lawful operation of the system without negative effect on public health and safety and surrounding properties.

The applicant shall make every effort to coordinate necessary surveying and finalization of the as-built plans and submission of required construction control documents prior to the conclusion of construction. Notwithstanding the above, a temporary occupancy permit may be granted with the approval of the Planning Board subject to conditions for completion of work imposed by the Board.

Decommissioning.

As part of the applicant's submission to the Board, the applicant shall submit a decommissioning plan, to be implemented upon abandonment or in conjunction with removal from property. The plan shall include:

A narrative description of the activities to be accomplished, including who will perform that activity and at what point in time, for complete physical removal of all battery energy storage system components, structures, equipment, security barriers, and transmission lines from the property.

Disposal of all solid and hazardous waste in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations.

The anticipated life of the battery energy storage systems.

The estimated decommissioning costs and how said estimate was determined.

The method of ensuring that funds will be available for decommissioning and restoration.

The method by which the decommissioning cost will be kept current.

The manner in which the site will be restored, including a description of how any changes to the surrounding areas and other systems adjacent to the battery energy storage system, such as, but not limited to, structural elements, building penetrations, means of egress, and required fire detection suppression systems, will be protected during decommissioning and confirmed as being acceptable after the system is removed.

A listing of any contingencies for removing an intact operational battery energy storage system from service, and for removing an energy storage system from service that has been damaged by a fire or other event.

Decommissioning fund. The owner and/or operator of the energy storage system, shall continuously maintain a fund or bond payable to the Town of Belchertown, in an approved form for the removal of the battery energy storage system, in an amount to be determined by the Town of Belchertown, for the period of the life of the facility. All costs of the financial security shall be borne by the applicant. The amount shall include a mechanism for calculating increased removal costs due to inflation.

An inspection of the completed decommissioned area shall be reviewed by a consultant hired by the Planning Board before approving the decommissioning work in accordance with the Decommissioning Plan. The owner and/or operator shall pay for the cost of this review with such payment being provided by the owner and/or operator prior to the consultant undertaking said review, in accordance with MGL Chapter 44, Section 53G.

Abandonment. The battery energy storage system shall be considered abandoned when it ceases to operate consistently for more than 12 months. The system shall be presumed abandoned if the owner and/or operator fails to respond affirmatively within 30 days to a written inquiry from the Building Commissioner as to the continued validity and operation of the system. If the owner or operator fails to comply with decommissioning upon any abandonment, the Town of Belchertown, may, at its discretion, utilize the available bond or surety for the removal of a system and restore the site in accordance with the decommissioning plan.

Severability. A determination that any specific portion of this § 145-28.2 is invalid shall not render any other part thereof invalid.

§ 145-29 Earth removal.

[Amended 11-17-1997 STM by Art. 19]

General. The removal from the premises and processing of soil, loam, sand, gravel, clay, sod, quarried stone, or other mineral deposits is allowed in the Town of Belchertown in those districts as stated in Article III of this chapter upon the obtainment of a special permit for earth removal from the Planning Board. Operation hours shall be between 7:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. on weekdays. Operation is not permitted on weekends and holidays. There shall be no exception beyond these hours. However, the Planning Board may further limit hours of operation if, after weighing factors, including traffic flow and safety, it determines the public good will be served. Trucks may enter and leave the premises only within such hours. All loaded vehicles shall be covered to prevent dust and contents from spilling and blowing from the load. The operator shall be responsible for cleaning spillage on public ways.

[Amended 5-10-1999 ATM by Art. 18; 5-13-2002 ATM by Art. 23]

Exception. Notwithstanding the provisions thereof, no special permit shall be required for:

[Amended 5-13-2002 ATM by Art. 23]

Building permit. Removal by building permit when such removal is at the site of, incidental to, and in connection with the excavation and grading necessary for constructing a principal or accessory use permitted by this chapter, provided that the quantity of materials removed does not exceed that actually displaced by the portion of the principal or accessory use below finished grade or 500 cubic yards. Any site work involving the removal of more than 500 cubic yards requires a special permit.

Transfer of materials. Removal of earth products within the limits of a lot or contiguous lots in the same ownership, provided that no such moving shall take place across or within a street and the amount to be moved does not exceed 500 cubic yards.

Cemetery. Removal of earth products as part of normal cemetery operations.

Subdivision. Removal of earth products in relation to the construction of an approved subdivision road under the Subdivision Control Law[1] where such removal is in compliance with all requirements and conditions of an approved subdivision plan and is necessary to construct the same. The volume of earth to be removed will be shown on the definitive subdivision plan. Any amount to be removed beyond that necessary to construct the improvements according to the endorsed definitive plan requires a special permit. The volume of earth to be removed from individual building lots within the subdivision is governed by § 145-29B(1), and such volume shall be demonstrated to the Building Inspector prior to a certificate of occupancy.

Editor's Note: See MGL c. 41, §§ 81K through 81GG.

Special permit granting authority. The Planning Board shall be the special permit granting authority as authorized under this section and § 145-69 of this chapter and MGL c. 40A, §§ 9 and 11.

Submission requirements. Any person who desires to remove or process earth products subject to the provisions of this section shall submit a written application for a special permit to the Planning Board. Each such application shall be accompanied by plans and specifications prepared by a registered professional engineer or registered land surveyor as follows:

[Amended 5-13-2002 ATM by Art. 23]

A plan of the area from which removal is proposed and a strip 150 feet wide surrounding said area, showing all man-made features, lot lines, zoning boundaries, vegetation cover, soil characteristics and existing topography;

A plan of the area showing the finished grade and treatment of the site after the proposed completion of the excavation;

An analysis and evaluation of the impact of the proposed earth removal on existing site features;

An analysis and evaluation of the impact of the proposed earth removal on the groundwater, particularly elevation and significance;

An analysis and evaluation of the impact of the proposed earth removal on surface waters, wetlands and vegetative cover;

The estimated quantity of materials to be removed and topsoil to be stripped and replaced;

The treatment of the site during operations to reduce dust and sand;

A detailed statement of the hours and days of operation and the trucking route and type of vehicle to be used on any street for the removal of the earth;

The proposed form of performance guaranty; and

(10)

Such additional information as the Planning Board may require.

Review and approval process.

After notice and public hearing in accordance with Section 9 of the Zoning Act (MGL c. 40A, § 9), the Planning Board may, after due consideration of the reports and recommendations of the Conservation Commission, Board of Health and Town Engineer, grant a special permit, provided that the conditions and standards of this section have been adequately met.

A special permit for any earth product removal may be issued for a period not exceeding two years in duration. Upon reapplication for a permit, the Planning Board, at its discretion, may grant one or more extensions of said permit, each of which shall not exceed two years' duration.

Standards and conditions.

In granting a special permit under this chapter, the Planning Board shall impose reasonable conditions to protect the neighborhood and the town. These conditions shall be written upon and shall constitute part of the written permit, including but not limited to:

[Amended 5-13-2002 ATM by Art. 23]

Method of removal;

Type and location of temporary structures;

Fencing;

Hours of operation;

Routes for transporting the material through town;

The duration of the removal operations;

The area and depth of excavation;

The reestablishment of ground levels and grades;

The steepness of slopes excavated;

Provisions for temporary and permanent structures;

Disposition of boulders and tree stumps;

(l)

Grading of slopes and replacement of loam over the area of removal;

(m)

Planting of the area to suitable cover, including trees, necessary to restore the area to usable condition; and

(n)

Distance from excavation to street and lot line.

Excavation.

No excavation shall be permitted below the grade of a way open to public use, whether public or private, bounding the property at any point nearer than 200 feet to the center line of such way.

No excavation below the natural grade of any property boundary shall be permitted nearer than 50 feet to such boundary.

Excavation for removal of earth, sand, gravel, and other soils shall not extend closer than six feet above the annual high groundwater table. A monitoring well shall be installed by the property owner to verify groundwater elevations. This subsection shall not apply to excavations incidental to permitted uses, including but not limited to providing for the installation or maintenance of structural foundations, freshwater ponds, utility conduits or on-site sewage disposal.

[Amended 5-13-2002 ATM by Art. 23]

No area shall be excavated or filled so as to cause the accumulation of freestanding water unless the Planning Board shall permit the creation of a pond, and upon the approval of the Conservation Commission.

The active operation area shall not exceed a total of three acres at any one time for excavation, nor six acres at any one time for excavation and processing. Natural vegetation shall be left and maintained on undisturbed land for screening and noise-reduction.

[Amended 5-13-2002 ATM by Art. 23]

Access roads shall be treated with a suitable material to reduce dust and mud for a distance of 150 feet back from such a way. Access road entrances shall include a gate or other secure mechanisms to restrict public access to the site.

Guard fencing of at least four feet in height shall be required around vertical slopes steeper than a grade of four feet horizontal distance to one foot of vertical rise (4:1) for public safety.

Operation hours shall be between 7:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. on weekdays. No weekend or holiday hours are permitted. However, the Planning Board may further limit hours of operation if, after weighing factors, including traffic flow and safety, it determines the public good will be served. Trucks may enter and leave the premises only within such hours. All loaded vehicles shall be suitably covered to prevent dust and contents from spilling and blowing from the load.

[Amended 5-13-2002 ATM by Art. 23]

A permit issued hereunder is not transferable and no work under such permit shall be performed except by the holder of the permit.

[Amended 5-13-2002 ATM by Art. 23]

The Planning Board may recommend conditions, not specifically provided for herein, on any special permit relating to earth removal.

Restoration. The Planning Board shall regulate the conversion of the abandoned excavation site and its reuse according to, but not limited to, the following conditions:

Restoration shall be carried on simultaneously with excavation so that, for excavation only, when any three-acre operation area has been excavated, at least two of those acres must be restored before work commences on the next two contiguous acres; and for excavation with processing, when any six operation acres have been excavated at least five of those acres must be restored before work commences on the next five contiguous acres. Final restoration work shall be completed at least 90 days prior to the expiration of the performance guaranty.

[Amended 5-13-2002 ATM by Art. 23]

Subsoil and topsoil shall be spread over the disturbed area to a minimum depth of four inches and seeded with grass of legume mixture for erosion control.

No slope shall be steeper than a grade of four feet of horizontal distance to one foot of vertical distance (4:1). The Planning Board may modify the required slope where the stability of material, or ledge rock, makes steeper slopes practical.

[Amended 5-13-2002 ATM by Art. 23]

§ 145-29.1 Accessory dwelling units (ADUs).

Unless the permit conditions expressly require alteration of drainage patterns, the land shall be left so that natural storm drainage shall leave the property at the original natural drainage points and so that the total discharge at peak flow as well as the area of drainage to any one point is not increased.

Performance guaranty. An irrevocable performance guaranty, in an amount determined by the Town Engineer, shall be posted with the Town Treasurer-Collector to ensure the satisfactory compliance with this section. The guaranty shall not be released until the applicant has certified, in writing, and the Planning Board has determined that the restoration has been completed in compliance with the permit and plan.

Existing operations. Earth removal activities in lawful operation at the time this section is adopted may continue under the terms of existing permits until the expiration thereof, and thereafter application shall be made under the terms of this section. All existing earth removal activities are subject to MGL c. 40A, §§ 6 and 9 as to continued schedule of operation.

Fees. The Planning Board shall establish such fees for the issuance of permits as it shall find necessary for the administration of this section, taking into consideration the costs of clerical, civil engineering consultants, legal and inspection expenses.

[Added 5-12-2014 ATM by Art. 21; amended 5-14-2018 ATM by Art. 22; 5-9-2022 ATM by Art. 19; 5-13-2024 ATM by Art. 26; 5-31-2025 ATM by Art. 39]

General objectives. The provision of accessory dwelling units is intended to:

Provide housing options for residents who cannot afford, or who do not desire, a single-unit house with land, for example, young adults and senior citizens;

Provide older owners with a means of obtaining rental income, companionship, security and services, and thereby enable them to stay more comfortably in houses and neighborhoods they might otherwise be forced to leave;

Encourage a more economic and energy-efficient use of the Town's housing supply while maintaining the appearance and character of the Town's residential neighborhoods;

Add moderately priced rental units to the housing stock to meet the needs of smaller households and make housing units available to moderate-income households who might otherwise have difficulty finding housing;

Provide housing units for persons with disabilities; and

Conform with 760 CMR 71.00 et seq., and Section 8 of Chapter 150 of the Acts of 2024.

Procedure. One accessory dwelling unit accessory to the use of a principal dwelling is permitted by right in each zoning district where single-family residential dwellings are a permitted or an allowable use, including any zoning district where single-family residential dwellings are allowed as-of-right or by special permit, provided each of the following conditions is met:

There shall be no more than one accessory dwelling unit on a lot;

Up to 50% of the gross floor area of the principal dwelling, not to exceed 900 square feet maximum gross floor area, may be permitted for the accessory dwelling unit;

The accessory dwelling unit must use the same driveway as the principal dwelling unit.

Accessory dwelling unit in accessory structure. Consistent with the definition of accessory structure in § 145-2 of this bylaw, an accessory dwelling unit may be permitted in an accessory structure that is on the same lot as a principal dwelling, provided:

The setbacks of the accessory structure meet the setback requirements applicable to the principal dwelling, a single unit dwelling, or an accessory structure, whichever are more permissive, in the subject zone;

To provide for development of housing units for disabled individuals, reasonable deviation from these requirements is permitted when necessary to install features that facilitate access and mobility for disabled persons;

Only one accessory structure on the lot may contain an accessory dwelling unit;

The accessory dwelling unit complies with all applicable building, health, and safety codes for a dwelling; and

An accessory dwelling unit may not be used for a short-term rental, as defined in MGL c. 64G, § 1.

§ 145-29.2 Marijuana establishments

[Added 5-14-2018 ATM by Art. 23]

Medical. See § 145-2, Definitions "medical marijuana off-site dispensary (MMOD)" and "medical marijuana treatment center (MMTC)," and § 145 Attachment 1, Schedule of Use Regulations.

Non-medical.

Purpose. The purpose of this is to:

Allow state-licensed non-medical marijuana establishments to locate in the Town of Belchertown in accordance with applicable state laws and regulations, specifically MGL c. 94G (Regulation of the Use and Distribution of Marijuana Not Medically Prescribed) and 935 CMR 500.00, "Adult-Use of Marijuana."

Provide safe and effective access to recreational marijuana in the Town of Belchertown.

Impose reasonable protections to govern the time, place, and manner of non-medical marijuana establishment operations to ensure public health, safety, well-being, and to limit undue damage on the natural environment as it relates to cultivation, processing and manufacturing subject to the provisions of this Zoning Bylaw, MGL c. 40A (State Zoning Act), and MGL c. 94G.

Definitions. Any term not specifically defined in the Zoning Bylaws shall have the meaning as defined 935 CMR 500.00, as such regulations may from time to time be amended.

Applicability.

Independent testing laboratories shall be permitted by special permit and site plan approval in the Business Neighborhood Center (BNC) and General Business (B2) Zones, and by site plan approval in the Industrial (I) Zone.

[Amended 5-8-2023 ATM by Art. 23]

Marijuana research facilities shall be permitted by special permit and site plan approval in the Business Neighborhood Center (BNC) and General Business (B2) Zones, and by site plan approval in the Industrial (I) Zone.

[Amended 5-8-2023 ATM by Art. 23]

Indoor marijuana cultivators shall be permitted by special permit and site plan approval in the Business Neighborhood Center (BNC) and General Business (B2) Zones, and by site plan approval in the Industrial (I) Zone.

[Amended 5-8-2023 ATM by Art. 23]

Marijuana transporters shall be permitted by special permit and site plan approval in the Business Neighborhood Center (BNC) and General Business (B2) Zones, and by site plan approval in the Industrial (I) Zone.

[Amended 5-8-2023 ATM by Art. 23]

Marijuana product manufacturers shall be permitted by special permit and site plan approval in the Business Neighborhood Center (BNC) Zone, and by site plan approval in the Industrial (I) Zone.

[Amended 5-8-2023 ATM by Art. 23]

Outdoor marijuana cultivators, including greenhouses as referred to in 935 CMR 500.11 0(E)(1), shall be permitted only in the Primary Agriculture (Ag-A) Zone by special permit and site plan approval.

Marijuana retailers shall be permitted by special permit in General Business (B2), Limited Business (B1) and Business Neighborhood Center (BNC) Zones.

Social consumption shall be permitted by special permit in General Business (B2), Limited Business (B1) and Business Neighborhood Center (BNC) Zones; provided, however, that on-site social consumption of marijuana or marijuana products, as either a primary or accessory use, must first be approved by a local ballot initiative process pursuant to MGL c. 94G, § 3(b).

The Planning Board is the special permit granting authority for any marijuana establishment.

Application requirements. Pursuant to MGL c. 44, § 53G, the Planning Board may impose on all applicants, when it determines that it is necessary, reasonable fees for the employment of outside consultants, to review applications submitted in accordance with this section of the bylaw, and to assist the Planning Board with its review of such plans and applications.

Security plan.

The applicant shall submit a copy of its security plan, approved by the Cannabis Control Commission as part of the issuance of a provisional license, to the Belchertown Police Department for its review and approval.

The security plan shall meet all security requirements of 935 CMR 500.110.

Resource use plan.

All marijuana cultivators and marijuana product manufacturers shall submit a resource use plan to the Planning Board to demonstrate best practices for use of energy, water, waste disposal, and other common resources, and to ensure there will be no undue damage to the natural environment.

The plan shall include an electrical system overview, proposed energy demand and proposed electrical demand off-sets, ventilation system and air quality, proposed water system and utility demand.

Traffic study and circulation plan.

The applicant shall submit traffic circulation plan for the site to ensure the safe movement of pedestrian and/or vehicular traffic on the site.

A traffic impact and access study shall be required for all marijuana establishments that generate 25 or more peak hour vehicle trips or 250 or more daily vehicle trips at the marijuana establishments' access to existing roadway networks. The study shall be based on standard traffic engineering guidelines developed by the Massachusetts Environmental Protection Act (MEPA). The Planning Board may require a traffic study if in their determination one is warranted because of public safety concerns.

Standards and conditions. In addition to the requirements of § 145-69 governing special permits, marijuana establishments shall be subject to the following additional standards and criteria.

No marijuana establishment shall be located within 500 feet of any building housing a licensed day-care center, a public or private school providing education any of Grades K through 12, a public library, a public playground, or an existing place of worship such as a church, temple, mosque, or synagogue.

In determining for this purpose the distance between these uses and premises licensed or to be licensed as a marijuana establishment, the distance shall be measured in a straight line from the nearest point of the day-care center, church, school, or library building, or in the case of a public playground the nearest fixed swing, slide, climbing bars, or similar equipment to the nearest point of the marijuana establishment's building, or in the case of outdoor cultivation, the nearest marijuana plant.

Marijuana plants, products, and paraphernalia shall not be clearly visible to a person from the exterior of a marijuana establishment. No outside storage of marijuana or marijuana products shall be permitted.

All types of non-medical marijuana establishments shall be located within a fully enclosed building, except for outdoor or greenhouse cultivation in the AG-A Zone by special permit.

No odor from marijuana cultivation, processing, manufacturing, or retail may be noxious or cause a nuisance, a danger to public health, or impair public comfort and convenience. Marijuana establishments shall incorporate odor control technology and safeguards to ensure that emissions do not violate Board of Health regulations adopted pursuant to MGL c. 111, § 31C, including but not limited to those specified for odors.

All business signage, marketing, advertising and branding shall be subject to the requirements promulgated by the Cannabis Control Commission and the requirements of § 145-22 of the Belchertown Zoning Bylaw.

No marijuana establishment shall be managed by any person other than the licensee or a designated manager, approved by the Cannabis Control Commission as a "registered marijuana establishment agent." Such licensee or designated manager shall be on the premises during regular hours of operation and responsible for all activities within the licensed business and shall provide emergency contact information for the Belchertown Police Department to have on file.

Marijuana retailers shall be open to the public no earlier than 8:00 a.m. or later than 8:00 p.m.

Marijuana establishments shall not be permitted as a home occupation, as defined per § 145-25 in the Belchertown Zoning Bylaw.

The Belchertown Fire Department shall review each application.

Applications for special permits must demonstrate specifically how they meet the requirements of § 145-69 of this chapter.