100.1 Title: These regulations
shall be known as the "Basic Building Code" or "Basic Code." They
shall control all matters concerning the construction, alteration,
addition, repair, removal, demolition, use, location, occupancy and
maintenance of all buildings and structures and their service equipment
as herein defined and shall apply to existing or proposed buildings
and structures in the Township of Cedar Grove, except as such matters
are otherwise provided for in the local municipal charter, or other
ordinances or statutes, or in the rules and regulations authorized
for promulgation under the provisions of the Basic Code.
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107.4 Deputy: The Building Official
may designate any employee as his deputy, who shall exercise all the
powers of the Building Inspector during the temporary absence or disability
of the Building Inspector.
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107.7 Restriction on employees: No official or employee connected with the Department of Building
Inspection shall be engaged in or directly or indirectly connected
with the furnishing of labor, materials or appliances for the construction,
alteration or maintenance of a building, or the preparation of plans
or of specifications therefor, unless he is the owner of the building;
nor shall such officer or employee engage in a work which conflicts
with his official duties or with the interests of the Department.
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111.1 Preliminary Inspection: Before
issuing a permit, the Building Official shall examine or cause to
be examined all buildings, structures and sites for which an application
has been filed for a permit to construct, enlarge, alter, repair,
remove, demolish or change the use thereof; and he shall conduct such
inspections from time to time during and upon completion of the work
for which he has issued a permit; and he shall maintain a record of
all such examinations and inspections and of all violations of the
Basic Code. Interim inspections between the preliminary and final
shall include but not be limited to an inspection of the footing prior
to pouring concrete, an inspection of the foundation prior to backfilling
and an inspection of the framework construction prior to covering.
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113.6 Plot Diagram: There shall
also be filed a plot plan showing to scale the size and location of
all the new construction and all existing structures on the site,
distances from lot lines and the established street grades, the existing
and proposed elevations around the perimeter of the proposed structure,
lot corners and proposed first floor elevations; and it shall be drawn
in accordance with an accurate boundary line survey.
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113.61 Survey Requirement: After
construction of foundation walls and prior to any further construction,
a survey by a licensed professional land surveyor shall be furnished
to the Building Inspector, showing the location of the foundation
in relation to the lot lines.
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117.3 Certificate of Insurance: Whenever a building is to be demolished or removed, the Township
shall be provided with a certificate of insurance indicating that
the owner or agent is insured for bodily injury in the amount of $100,000
for each person and $300,000 for each accident and $50,000 coverage
for property damage.
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117.4 License or Permit Bond: Whenever
a house or building is to be demolished or removed, the owner or agent
shall furnish the Township with a license or permit bond in the amount
of $1,000 for the demolition of a building or $5,000 for each mile
of Township streets over which a building is to be moved.
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117.5 Notice to Police Department: The owner or agent shall give written notice to the Police Department
24 hours prior to moving a building over Township streets or rights-of-way.
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117.6 Removal of buildings: Before
the demolition or removal or moving of a building or structure, the
building or structure must be completely exterminated to rid the premises
of infestation. A letter from a reputable exterminating company certifying
that they have treated the building and premises for extermination
of infestation a minimum of 72 hours prior to the issuance of a permit
will satisfy this requirement.
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117.7 Route and time of moving: Before a building can be demolished or moved within the Township,
the owner or agent shall present to the proper Township official the
time of moving and the route which is intended to be utilized in moving
said building or structure. No such time or route shall be considered
as approved unless such approval setting forth the time and route
shall be issued by the proper Township official.
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118.2 New Construction and Alterations: The fee for a building permit shall be based on the value of the
structure, or as otherwise prescribed in the local ordinances, and
the rate for such permit shall be as follows: for the first $1,000
valuation or part thereof, $10; for each additional $1,000 or part
thereof, $5.
[Amended 10-18-1976 by Ord. No. 76-26] |
118.3 Moving of Buildings: The
fee for a building permit for the removal of a building or structure
from one location to another on the same property shall be $15; the
fee for a building permit for the removal of a building or structure
from one location to another requiring the use of a public thoroughfare
shall be $50.
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118.4 Demolition: The fee for a
permit for the demolition of a building or structure shall be $15.
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118.5 Signs: The fee for signs,
billboards and other display structures for which permits are required
under the provisions of the Basic Code shall be as follows: signs
in a residential zone, $2; signs in a business or industrial zone,
$1 a square foot for ground signs, $0.50 a square foot for flat signs,
except that there shall be a minimum fee of $2 for each flat sign.
[Amended 10-18-1976 by Ord. No. 76-26] |
118.61 Certificate of Occupancy: Before any new building or structure shall be occupied for any purposes,
a certificate of occupancy shall be procured by the owner or builder,
and the fee for said certificate shall be $20.
[Amended 10-18-1976 by Ord. No. 76-26] |
118.7 Payment of fees: All fees,
including the fee for certificate of occupancy, shall be paid at the
time of the issuance of the permit.
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H.
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Waiver of construction permit and enforcing agency fees for
work done to promote accessibility.
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(1)
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No person shall be charged a construction permit surcharge fee
or Cedar Grove Construction Inspection Agency fee for any construction,
reconstruction, alteration or improvement designed and undertaken
solely to promote accessibility by disabled persons to an existing
public or private structures or any of the facilities contained therein.
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(2)
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A disabled person, or parent or sibling of disabled person,
shall not be required to pay any municipal fee or charge in order
to secure a construction permit for any construction which promotes
accessibility to his own living unit.
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(3)
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The term “disabled person” shall be defined in accordance
with the definition provided by N.J.S.A. 52:27D-126e.
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122.3 Violation Penalties: Any
person who violates any provision of the Basic Building Code or fails
to comply with any of the requirements thereof shall, upon conviction
thereof, be punished by a fine not exceeding $500 or by imprisonment
for a term not exceeding 90 days, or both. A separate offense shall
be deemed committed on each day during or on which a violation occurs
or continues.
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123.2 Unlawful Continuances: Any
person who shall continue any work in or about the building after
having been served with a stop order, except such work as he is directed
to perform to remove a violation or unsafe condition, shall be liable
to a fine of not less than $100 nor more than $200.
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127.1 Application for Appeal: The
owner of a building or structure, his architect, agents or servants
may appeal from a decision of the Building Official refusing to grant
a modification of the provisions of the Basic Code covering the manner
of construction or materials to be used in the erection, alteration
or repair of a building or structure to the Township Council. Application
for appeal shall be made in writing whenever it is claimed that the
true intent of the Basic Code or the rules legally adopted thereunder
have been incorrectly interpreted, the provisions of the Basic Code
do not fully apply or an equally good or better form of construction
can be used. Said appeal shall specify in detail the reason or reasons
for the appeal and the authority, if any, for the claim made by the
appellant. Such appeal shall be heard by the Township Council who
may hold a hearing thereon on five days' notice to the appellant or
may, in its discretion, make a determination of the ground or grounds
of appeal based upon the utilization of Township personnel or such
outside experts as it may deem necessary or proper. The Township Council
shall affirm, modify or reverse the decision of the Building Inspector
by a concurring vote of three members of the Township Council, within
30 days from receipt of the written appeal. The Building Inspector
shall take immediate action in accordance with the decision of the
Council.
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One-family dwelling is changed and modified
to read as follows:
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A detached building designed for and occupied
exclusively for one family.
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Two-family dwelling is changed and modified
to read as follows:
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A building designed for or occupied by two families
living independently of each other.
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A private dwelling in which not more than two
persons, whether individually or as a family (but not including employed
domestic help), are housed or lodged for hire, with or without meals.
A rooming house or a furnished rooming house shall be termed a boardinghouse.
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Garage private: an accessory building or part
of a main building used only for the storage of a motor vehicle as
an accessory use.
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Garage public: a building or part thereof other
than a private garage used for the storage or care of motor vehicles
for profit, including any sale of motor vehicle accessories, or where
any such vehicles are kept for hire.
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Corner lot is changed and modified to read as
follows:
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A parcel of land with two or more adjacent sides
abutting upon streets or other public places.
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Motor vehicle service station: shall mean and
include any area of land, including structures thereon, that is used
for the sale of gasoline or other motor vehicle fuel and oil and other
lubricating substances, including any sale of motor vehicle accessories,
and which may include facilities used or designed to be used for polishing,
greasing, washing, spraying, dry cleaning, repairing or providing
similar services.
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Motor vehicle service station shall also be deemed and considered to be a "gasoline station" as defined in Chapter 268, Zoning, of the Township.
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Any land, building or part of a building used
for repairing motor vehicles, such as engines, overhaul, body repairs,
replacement of parts, sale of motor vehicles or any part thereof or
other repairs of a machine character. Any such land, building or part
of a building where vehicles are also supplied with gasoline or other
motor fuels shall be classified also as a "gasoline station."
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301.1 Fire District No 1: Fire District No. 1 shall comprise the areas housing highly congested business, commercial, manufacturing and industrial uses or in which such uses are developing. The limits of such areas are described as including the B Zone, RC Zone, M-1 Zone, M-2 Zone and L-C-1 Zone, L-C-2 Zone, R-18A Zone and O Zone described in Chapter 268, Zoning, as amended.
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301.11 All zones in Chapter 268, Zoning, are to be considered within the fire zone, with the exception of one-family dwellings.
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414.11 One- and Two-Family Dwellings: Private garages located beneath a one- and two-family dwelling shall
have walls, partitions, floors and ceilings, separating the garage
space from the dwelling, constructed of not less than one-hour fire
resistance, with the sills of all door openings between them raised
not less than four inches above the garage floor. The door opening
protectives shall be three-quarter-hour fire doors complying with
Article 9 or one-and-three-quarter-inch solid-core wood doors. The
entire ceiling over the garage, when such garage is in a basement,
shall be covered with insulation before applying the one-hour-fire-resistant
covering.
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424.2 Lanes and Parking Spaces: Access lanes shall be provided for each row of cars not less than
13 feet in length where parking is at a forty-five-degree angle or
greater, not less than 18 feet where parking is at a sixty-degree
angle or greater and not less than 24 feet where parking is at a right
angle; and the parking space shall be not less than 10 feet by 20
feet in area for each motor vehicle.
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426.1 Garages: Garages, when attached
to motel residential buildings, shall have the interior faces of all
walls, when not of approved masonry construction, and the ceilings
protected to afford one-hour fire resistance; and all connecting openings
shall be protected with approved three-quarter-hour fire doors or
their equivalent complying with Article 9, or with one-and-three-quarter-inch
solid-core wood doors. Roofed-over passageways may be used to connect
garages to dwellings if protected with one-hour-fire-resistive construction.
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426.2 Required Exitways: All exitways
in buildings more than one story in height shall be constructed with
a one-hour fire resistance and all stories above the first shall have
at least two means of egress complying with Article 6. All exits from
residential quarters shall lead to open spaces not less than 20 feet
in width which provide direct exit to public streets or highways.
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426.3 Driveways and Parking Spaces: The arrangement and capacity of driveways, lanes and parking spaces
shall comply with the requirements specified for parking lots in Section
424.2.
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611.31 Residential Buildings: In
multifamily dwellings (Use Group L-2), not over three stories and
attic in height for not more than six families, nor more than 3,000
square feet in area of fireproof construction (Type 1) or protected
noncombustible construction (Types 2-A and 2-B), and in other types
of construction, not more than 2,400 square feet in area. The distance
of travel to the two required exits shall not exceed 50 feet, and
the stairway shall be enclosed in partitions of two-hour fire resistance
with three-quarter-hour fire doors complying with Article 9 at the
opening.
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In multifamily dwellings (Use Group L-2) not
over two stories and nonhabitable attic in height for not more than
eight families, nor more than four families to a floor nor more than
3,000 square feet in area. The distance of travel to the two required
exits shall not exceed 50 feet, and the stairway shall be enclosed
with partitions of not less than one-and-one-half-hour fire resistance
with three-quarter-hour fire doors complying with Article 9 at the
openings.
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623.1 Where Permitted: Fire escapes
shall not in general be accepted as an element of a required means
of egress. Fire escapes shall be permitted only by special order of
the Building Official in existing buildings or structures not exceeding
five stories or 60 feet in height, when constructed in accordance
with the approved rules and when more adequate exitway facilities
cannot be provided.
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Table 13A Size and Dimensions of Beams
and Rafters; Dwelling Beams; Rafters: first and second floors,
two inches by 10 inches on centers up to fourteen-foot span; if over,
use 12 inches on centers or two inches by 12 inches, 16 inches on
centers, depending on span.
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Ceiling Beams: two inches by six
inches, 16 inches on centers up to twelve-foot span; two inches by
eight inches, 16 inches on centers of over 12 feet, or if stairs run
to attic.
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Rafters on five inches on twelve-inch span or
more, two inches by six inches, 16 inches on centers up to 11 feet;
if over, use two inches by eight inches, 16 inches on centers, depending
on span. Less than five inches on 12 inches shall be figured the same
as floor joists. All buildings built in the fire zone: for roofs use
three inches by 10 inches, 16 inches on centers up to sixteen-foot
span; three inches by 12 inches, 16 inches on centers over 16 feet
through 19 feet, six inches. No girders shall be permitted less than
six inches in width and 10 inches in thickness, unless approved by
the Building Inspector.
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729.0 Depth of Footings: Except
when erected on solid rock or when otherwise protected from frost,
foundation walks, piers and other permanent supports of all buildings
shall extend three feet, six inches below the finished grade; spread
footings of adequate size shall be provided where necessary to properly
distribute the load within the allowable bearing value of the soil.
Such structures may be supported on piles when solid earth or rock
is not available. No footings shall be founded on frozen soils.
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733.1 Concrete Strength: Concrete
in unreinforced foundation footings shall be so proportioned as to
develop an ultimate compressive strength of not less than 3,000 pounds
per square inch at 28 days.
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733.3 Dimensions: In unreinforced
concrete footings, the edge thickness shall be not less than 12 inches.
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733.5 Walls: Walls shall not be
raised on foundations until the footings have at least 24 hours of
curing, but the Building Inspector may permit up to two courses of
block on trench footings during the waiting period.
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734.1 Dimensions: Masonry unit
footings shall be laid in cement mortar or cement-lime mortar complying
with Section 816, and the depth shall be not less than twice the total
projection beyond the wall, pier or column, and the width shall be
not less than 12 inches wider than the wall supported thereon.
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803.9 Tests of Concrete Cylinders: The Building Inspector may, at his option, order laboratory tests
of concrete cylinders obtained from each load or batch of concrete.
Such tests shall be made by a laboratory to be selected by the Building
Inspector and shall be at the cost of the owner.
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826.1 Sheathing: Sheathing of gypsum,
processed fiber and other approved materials shall conform to accepted
engineering practice. Five-eighths-inch gypsum sheathing or five-eighths-inch
processed fiber sheathing, or other approved equivalent materials,
may be used in frame construction under brick veneer. When used in
frame construction, they shall meet requirements of Sections 855.1
and 855.2 When required to meet fire resistance ratings, the assembled
construction shall comply with Table 5 for structural elements and
Article 9 for trim and finishes.
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847.22 Floors: Load-bearing walls,
concrete-filled pipe columns or piers shall be set in place before
the pouring of any basement, crawl area or garage floor.
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855.16 Headers Over Openings: Framing
in load-bearing walls is required to consist of full-length stud and
a jack, or lap stud or equal to support double headers, acceptable
lintels and headers over openings in bearing walls and partitions
consisting of wood members set on end as follows:
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Wood Members Supporting One Floor or Roof
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Wood Members Supporting Two Floors or
Roof
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---|---|---|---|---|---|
Spans
(feet)
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Number
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Size
(inches)
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Number
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Size
(inches)
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Less than 3
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2
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2 x 4
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2
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2 x 6
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Over 3 to 5 1/2
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2
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2 x 6
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2
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2 x 8
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Over 5 1/2 to 7
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2
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2 x 8
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2
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2 x 10
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Over 7 to 10
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2
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2 x 12
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Headers and lintels over openings in nonbearing
walls and partitions may be reduced two sizes, provided that the minimum
size is not less than the equivalent of two-inch members.
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855.2 Wall Sheathing: All enclosed
frame buildings shall be sheathed as herein provided unless stucco
construction is used complying with Section 821.5 or the wall is otherwise
braced with approved equivalent construction to furnish the required
rigidity specified in this section. Jointing shall occur over the
center of and parallel to the studs. If ten-inch boards are used,
they shall be triple-nailed at points of bearing. No more than two
adjoining boards shall break joints over the same stud space, and
each board shall bear on at least two studs.
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855.21 Types of Sheathing: Sheathing
shall consist of one of the materials of the following nominal thickness
or any other material of equal strength and durability acceptable
to the Building Inspector:
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One-inch reinforced cement mortar.
One-inch wood sheathing.
Five-eighths-inch exterior plywood.
Five-eighths-inch gypsum sheathing.
Five-eighths-inch fiber boards.
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855.71 Types of Decking: Roof deck
sheathing shall consist of not less than one-inch boards or five-eighths-inch
exterior plywood or other approved equivalent materials of a similar
strength and rigidity.
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855.72 Wood Shingles: Wood shingles
and hand split shakes complying with the standards listed in Appendix
C may be used for roof covering where permitted in Section 903.53
and shall be installed on tight decking.
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858.21 Gutters and Coping: Unless
constructed with parapet walls and coping as required by Section 869,
all exterior walls shall be provided with gutters and downspouts or
leaders to dispose of roof drainage to comply with the Plumbing Code.[1]
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867.0 Thickness of Solid Masonry Walls: All masonry walls shall be of the minimum thickness specified in
the Building Code standards for "masonry" listed in Appendix B. In
no case shall the combined stress due to all loads exceed the allowable
working stresses specified in this Basic Code for the materials of
construction. In no case shall the total thickness of the solid masonry
wall be less than 12 inches.
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870.22 Hollow and Solid Masonry and Mass
Concrete: Masonry block foundation walls shall be not less
than 12 inches thick and poured concrete walls shall be not less than
10 inches thick.
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870.6 Cement Blocks: Cement blocks,
not cinder blocks nor any other block composed of some lightweight
aggregate, shall be used in the construction of foundation walls below
grade.
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873.3 Foundations: Exterior walls
below grade and the cellar floors of all buildings for institutional
and residential uses (Use Groups H and L) enclosing habitable or occupiable
rooms or spaces below grade shall be made watertight and, when necessary,
shall be reinforced to withstand water pressure as prescribed in Sections
710 and 870. The basement walls of buildings in the residential use
groups and the walls of all habitable and occupiable rooms and spaces
below grade shall be protected with not less than a one-coat application
of approved waterproofing paint, or a one-half-inch parging coat of
portland cement mortar or other approved dampproof covering. A coat
of tar shall be applied over either the waterproof paint or the coat
of portland cement.
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873.5 Drain: Perforated drain shall
be installed in a bed of stone around the outside foundations of the
building. Said drain tiles and the gutters required in Section 858.21
shall be led by gravity into the storm sewer in front of the building.
In the event that there is no storm sewer in front of said building
or in the event that said storm sewer is not deep enough to accept
a gravity flow, then the gutters shall provide for proper drainage
of the drain tile water by means of a secondary drainage system, subject
to the approval of the Building Inspector. If no storm sewer exists,
the Building Inspector may require the builder to lead the drain tile
from the foundation drain and gutters into a nearby drainage course.
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878.0 Soundproofing: To prevent
the transmission of noise between living quarters for multiple-family
units, provision shall be made for soundproofing ceilings by installing
drop ceilings with insulation inserted between ceilings and the joists
and for the installation of insulation between party walls and for
the provision of offset studs between party walls. Insulation shall
also be placed completely around the inside of bathroom walls.
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907.2 Reinforced Concrete: The
thickness of fire walls of reinforced concrete shall be not less than
eight inches, and such walls shall be constructed in accordance with
the American Concrete Institute Code.
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910.5 Fire-Resistant Ceilings and Walls: Ceilings of living quarters located under living quarters shall be
constructed of a material with a minimum of one-hour fire resistance,
also party walls between adjacent multiple-family living quarters
(where it is not a masonry fire wall) shall be covered with a material
having a minimum of one-hour fire resistance.
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928.11 Reroofing: A maximum of
two roof coverings, including a new roof, will be permitted. In cases
which have two or more coverings, the excess coverings must be removed
before applying the new roof. Slate roofing must always be removed
before applying a new roof.
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1102.4 All permits for installation
of any gas appliance shall be obtained from the Board of Health.
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1114.5 Basement Ceiling Protection: Where heating plants are located in basements, the underside of
floor beams over the heating plant shall be covered with 100 square
feet of one-hour-fire-resistant material. If the heating plant is
located in a separate compartment on the first floor, the entire wall
and ceiling area inside of the compartment shall be covered with one-hour-fire-resistant
material.
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1115.1 Enclosures: Except in one-
and two-family dwellings and as specifically required for industrial
furnaces and accessory equipment or for high-hazard uses in Article
4, all heating boilers installed in a building or structure shall
be located in a separate room or compartment completely enclosed by
floors, walls and ceiling of the required fire resistance; but in
no case shall the enclosure of boiler rooms have less than two-hour
fire resistance for high-pressure boilers and not less than one-hour
fire resistance for low-pressure boilers.
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1213.20 Automatic Sprinkler Systems: All buildings 6,000 square feet or more shall be equipped with automatic
sprinkler systems.
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1308.21 Deep Excavations: Whenever
an excavation is made to a depth of more than eight feet below the
established curb, the person who causes such excavation to be made,
if afforded the necessary license to enter the adjoining premises,
shall preserve and protect from injury at all times and at his own
expense such adjoining structure or premises which may be affected
by the excavation. If the necessary license is not afforded, it shall
then be the duty of the owner of the adjoining premises to make his
building or structure safe by installing proper underpinning or foundation
or otherwise; and such owner, if it be necessary for the prosecution
of his work, shall be granted the necessary license to enter the premises
where the excavation or demolition is contemplated.
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1308.22 Shallow Excavations: Wherever
an excavation is made to a depth less than eight feet below the curb,
the owner of a neighboring building or structure, the safety of which
may be affected by the proposed excavation, shall preserve and protect
from injury and shall support his building or structure by the necessary
underpinning or foundations. If necessary for that purpose, he shall
be afforded a license to enter the premises where the excavation is
contemplated.
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1507.0 Metal Roofs, Metal Veneer and Metal
Siding: Metal roofs, metal veneer and metal siding on buildings
shall be made electrically continuous by bonding together each course
when applied horizontally, and each strip or panel when applied vertically.
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1507.1 Bonding of Horizontally-Applied
Siding: Electrical continuity between horizontally applied
courses of metal siding shall be assured by bonding each course at
all inner and outer corners with a conductor having no greater resistance
than the grounding conductor used for grounding the electrical system
in the building on which such siding is applied. All conductors grounding
such siding shall be joined together and attached in an approved manner
to the same grounding electrode used to ground the electrical system
in the building.
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1507.11 Electrical Grounding of Metal
Roofs: Whenever, because of hazard resulting from electrical
equipment or apparatus located thereon or because of proximity to
power lines or for any other reason, it is deemed necessary by the
Building Inspector, metal roofs shall be grounded by bonding together
each course or strip at the outer edge of such roofing, and the bonding
conductor or conductors shall be extended to and attached in an approved
manner to the grounding electrode used to ground the electrical system
within the building on which such metal roofing is applied. The conductors
used to bond courses or strips of metal roofing together, or any conductor
extended for grounding to the grounding electrode, shall not have
a greater resistance than the conductor used to ground the electrical
system within the building.
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1507.12 Bonding of Vertically-Applied
Siding: Vertically-applied metal siding shall be bonded together
at the lower edge of each strip or panel. The bonding conductor shall
have no greater resistance than the conductor used to ground the electrical
system within the building on which such metal siding is applied and
shall be extended to and attached in an approved manner to the grounding
electrode used to ground the electrical system within the building.
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1507.13 Grounding of Nonwired Building: In cases where metal roofing, metal veneer or metal siding are to
be applied on a building with no electrical wiring system, grounding
shall be by one of the methods outlined in Article 250 of the National
Electrical Code, if deemed necessary by the Building Inspector. Whether
a building is or is not wired, no grounding of metal roofing, metal
veneer or metal siding shall be concealed until the installation has
first been inspected and approved by the Building Inspector.
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1507.14 Alternate Methods of Grounding: Alternate methods of grounding metal roofing, metal veneer or metal
siding may be used, provided that they are at least equal to the method
prescribed herein, and further provided that such desired method is
first submitted to and approved by the Building Inspector.
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1508.0 Electrical Inspections: Whenever any electrical inspections are required under any provisions
of this code, such inspections shall be made by the Middle Department
Association of Fire Underwriters. All applications for inspections
and approval of electrical work shall be made to said Middle Department
Association of Fire Underwriters at the cost of the applicant. Any
reference in this code to Building Officer or Building Inspector,
when such reference relates to any electrical inspection or approval,
shall be deemed to mean the Middle Department Association of Fire
Underwriters.
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Every dwelling unit in a residential use (R-2,
R-3 or R-4) shall be equipped with a minimum of one approved smoke
detector on each story or level, including basement and attic levels.
In addition, two-families or more shall require a hard-wire operated
smoke detector in the common hallway area of each story or level.
Such smoke detectors whether battery operated or hard-wire shall be
installed in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications. It
shall be the responsibility of the owner of each dwelling unit to
install the smoke detectors in accordance with this chapter.
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An owner who sells, leases, rents or otherwise
permits to be occupied for residential purposes any premises shall
be subject to the provisions of this Code.
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