Specific terms. The following words and phrases shall
have the particular meanings assigned by this section in the appropriate
sections of this chapter:
ACCESS DRIVE
An improved cartway designed and constructed to provide for
vehicular movement between a public road and the off-street parking
and/or loading for any use other than one single-family dwelling unit
or farm.
ACT 167 PLAN
The plan for managing stormwater runoff in the Cocalico Creek
Watershed adopted by Lancaster County, as required by the Storm Water
Management Act, and known as the Cocalico Creek Watershed Act 167 Stormwater
Management Plan.
AGENT
Any person, other than the developer, who acts for the developer,
submits subdivision and/or land development plans to the Township
for the purpose of obtaining approval thereof.
AISLE PARKING
A private drive intended principally to provide vehicular
access within a vehicular parking compound. Although aisles provide
interior vehicular circulation, their principal function is to provide
entrance and exit for individual parking spaces. Aisles may not be
used to intersect streets.
ALLEY
A minor right-of-way, privately or publicly owned, primarily
for service access to the rear or side of properties.
APPLICANT
A landowner or developer, as hereinafter defined, who has
filed an application for subdivision or land development, including
his heirs, successors and assigns.
BLOCK
A tract of land which is entirely bounded by streets, public
parks, cemeteries, railroads, watercourses, or any other barrier to
the continuity of development.
BOARD OF SUPERVISORS
The Board of Supervisors of East Cocalico Township, Lancaster
County, Pennsylvania.
BUILDING
Any structure with a roof intended for the shelter or enclosure
of any persons, animals or property.
CARTWAY
The surface of a street, access drive, driveway, or alley
available for vehicular traffic, including travel lanes and on-street
parking lanes, but not including curbs, sidewalks or swales.
CLEAR SIGHT TRIANGLE
An area of unobstructed vision at a street intersection defined
by a line connecting points at center lines.
COMPREHENSIVE PLAN
The most recently adopted version of the Official Comprehensive
Plan, East Cocalico Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, including
any amendments.
CONVEYANCE
The ability of a pipe, culvert, swale, or similar facility
to carry the peak flow from the design storm.
CUL-DE-SAC
A street with a single common ingress and egress.
CURB
The raised edge of a pavement to confine surface water to
the pavement and to protect the abutting land from vehicular traffic.
CURBLINE
The front face of curb along the outside edge of the cartway.
DEDICATION
The deliberate assignment of land by its owner to another
party.
DEED
A written instrument whereby an estate in real property is
conveyed.
DENSITY
The number of dwelling units in relation to the land area
actually in use, or proposed to be used, for residential purposes,
exclusive of exterior public rights-of-way.
DESIGN STORM
The magnitude and temporal distribution of precipitation
from a storm event measured in probability of occurrence (e.g., a
five-year storm) and duration (e.g., 24 hours), used in the design
and evaluation of stormwater management systems.
DETENTION BASIN
An impoundment structure designed to manage stormwater runoff
by temporarily storing the runoff and releasing it at a predetermined
rate.
DEVELOPER
Any landowner, agent of such landowner, equitable owner,
or tenant with the permission of the landowner, for whom subdivision
or land development plans are being or have been made.
DRIVEWAY
An improved cartway designed and constructed to provide vehicular
movement between a public street and a tract of land containing one
single-family dwelling unit.
EASEMENT
A right granted for limited use of private land for a public
or quasi-public or private purpose, and within which the owner of
the property shall not have the right to make use of the land in a
manner that violates the right of the grantee.
ECHO HOUSING
An additional, temporary dwelling unit placed on a property for occupancy by either an elderly or challenged (mentally, physically, emotionally) person related by blood, marriage or adoption to the occupants of the principal dwelling (see §
194-11).
ENGINEER
A professional engineer registered as such in the Commonwealth
of Pennsylvania.
EROSION
The movement of soil particles by the action of water, wind,
ice, or other natural forces.
FARM HOUSING
A temporary dwelling placed on a property for one farm laborer of family member (see §
194-11).
FLOODPLAIN
An area of land adjacent to the channel of a watercourse
which has been, or is likely to be, flooded, or any area subject to
the unusual and rapid accumulation or runoff of surface waters from
any source.
FOOTCANDLE
A measure of surface illumination equal to one lumen per
square foot.
FRONTAGE
The horizontal distance shared between a public or private
street, and an adjoining lot.
GRADE
The slope expressed in a percent that indicates the rate
of change of elevation in feet per 100 feet.
IMPERVIOUS SURFACE
That surface which does not absorb water. All structures,
buildings, parking areas, driveways, roads, sidewalks, and any areas
of concrete, asphalt or packed stone shall be considered impervious
surface. In addition, all other areas, as determined by the Township
Engineer to be impervious within the meaning of this definition, shall
also be considered impervious surface.
INFILTRATION STRUCTURES
A structure designed to direct runoff into the ground (e.g.,
french drains, seepage pits, seepage trench).
LAND DEVELOPMENT
(1)
Any of the following activities:
(a)
A group of two or more residential or nonresidential
buildings, whether proposed initially or cumulatively, or a single,
nonresidential building on a lot or lots regardless of the number
of occupants or tenure;
(b)
The division or allocation of land or space,
whether initially or cumulatively, between or among two or more existing
or prospective occupants by means of, or for the purpose of, streets,
common areas, leaseholds, condominiums, building groups, or other
features; or
(2)
For the purpose of this chapter, the following
are excluded from the definition of land development:
(a)
The conversion of an existing single-family
detached dwelling, or single-family semidetached dwelling, into not
more than three residential units, unless such units are intended
to be a condominium.
(b)
The addition of an accessory building, including
farm buildings, on a lot or lots subordinate to an existing principal
building.
(c)
The addition or conversion of buildings or rides
within the confines of an enterprise which would be considered an
amusement park. For the purposes of this subsection an "amusement
park" is defined as a tract or area used principally as a location
for permanent amusement structures or rides. This exclusion shall
not apply to newly acquired acreage by an amusement park, until plans
for the expanded area have been approved by the proper authorities.
LANDOWNER
The legal, beneficial, equitable owner or owners of land,
including the holder of an option or contract to purchase (whether
or not such option or contract is subject to any conditions), a lessee
(if he is authorized under the lease to exercise the rights of the
landowner), or another person having a proprietary interest in land,
shall be deemed to be a landowner for the purposes of this chapter.
LANDSCAPE ARCHITECT
A landscape architect registered as such in the Commonwealth
of Pennsylvania.
LAND SURVEYOR
A land surveyor registered as such in the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania.
LATERAL
A utility line between a utility main that is located within
a utility easement, and the single building which the line services.
LOT
Any area of land intended as a single unit for purposes of
ownership, transfer of ownership, use, rent, improvement, or development.
The word "lot" includes the word "plot," "parcel" or "tract."
(1)
LOT, CORNERA lot at the point of intersection of, and abutting two or more intersecting streets, and which has an interior angle of less than 135° at the intersection of two street lines.
(2)
LOT, FLAGA lot whose frontage does not satisfy the minimum width requirements for the respective zone, but that does have sufficient lot width away from the lot's frontage.
(3)
LOT, INTERIORA lot other than a corner lot, the sides of which do not abut a street.
(4)
LOT, THROUGHAn interior lot having frontage on two parallel or approximately parallel streets.
MOBILE HOME
Any structure intended for, or capable of, permanent human
habitation, with or without wheels, and capable of being transported
or towed from one place to the next, in one or more pieces, by whatsoever
name or title it is colloquially or commercially known, but excluding
transport trucks or vans equipped with sleeping space for a driver
or drivers, and travel trailers. Mobile homes placed in parks shall
meet the requirements for mobile home parks. Mobile homes placed on
individual lots shall be considered "dwellings" and be bound by the
requirements for a dwelling.
MOBILE HOME LOT
A parcel of land in a mobile home park, improved with the
necessary utility connections and other appurtenances necessary for
the erection thereon of a single mobile home, which is leased by the
park owner to the occupants of the mobile home erected on the lot.
MOBILE HOME PARK
A parcel or contiguous parcels of land which have been so
designated and improved to contain two or more mobile home lots for
the placement thereon of mobile homes.
MOBILE HOME STAND
A concrete pad used to anchor a mobile home within a mobile
home park, including all necessary utility connections.
ON-SITE SEWER SERVICE
The disposal of sewage by use of septic tanks, or other safe
and healthful means within the confines of the lot on which the use
is located, as approved by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental
Protection.
ON-SITE WATER SERVICE
The provision of a safe, adequate and healthful supply of
water to a single user from a private well.
OPEN CHANNEL
A drainage element in which stormwater flows with an open
surface. Open channels include, but shall not be limited to, natural
and man-made drainageways, swales, streams, ditches, canals, and pipes
flowing partly full.
OVERSIZE PARKING SPACE
An off-street parking space designed to accommodate a vehicle
with one or more of the following characteristics:
(1)
A registered gross weight in excess of 17,001
pounds;
(2)
Having a length in excess of 20 feet;
(3)
Having a height of more than 11 feet, six inches;
(4)
Having a width of more than eight feet, nine
inches; and/or
(5)
Showing a windshield weight class sticker with
a number above six.
PA DEP
Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection.
PARKING SPACE
An area, sized according to §
194-30, available for the parking of one motor vehicle and having usable access to a street or alley.
PEDESTRIAN EASEMENT
A right-of-way, municipally or privately owned, which cuts
across a block to furnish access for pedestrians to adjacent streets
or properties.
PennDOT
Pennsylvania Department of Transportation.
PLAN
The map representing a tract of land including all supplementary data specified in Article
III of this chapter. The following are the types of plans specified by this chapter:
(1)
PLAN, AS-BUILTA plan that is prepared, according to §
194-23, showing the actual location, dimension and elevation of all improvements that have been installed as authorized by the previously approved final plan.
(2)
PLAN, FINALA subdivision and/or land development plan prepared for official recording, as required by statute to define property rights, proposed streets and other public improvements.
(3)
PLAN, PRELIMINARYA complete and exact subdivision and/or land development plan, the purpose of which is to authorize the preparation of final plans.
(4)
PLAN, SKETCHAn informal plan, not necessarily to exact scale, indicating salient existing features of a tract and its surroundings, with the general layout of a proposal for consideration prior to the formal submission of a plan.
PUBLIC
Owned, operated or controlled by a governmental agency (federal,
state or local, including a corporation created by law for the performance
of certain specialized governmental functions, not including the Board
of Education).
PUBLIC GROUND
Public parks, playgrounds, open space, and other public areas;
sites for schools, sewage treatment, refuse disposal, and other publicly
owned or operated facilities.
PUBLIC SEWER
A municipal sanitary sewer facility approved and permitted
by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection. Such systems
are capable of serving multiple users.
PUBLIC UTILITIES
Use or extension thereof which is operated, owned or maintained
by a municipality or municipal authority, public water supply, storage
and/or treatment; or for the purpose of providing the transmission
of energy or telephone service.
PUBLIC WATER
A municipal water supply system, or a comparable common water
facility approved and permitted by the Pennsylvania Department of
Environmental Protection. Such systems are capable of serving multiple
users.
RETENTION BASIN
A reservoir designed to retain stormwater runoff with its
primary release of water being through the infiltration of said water
into the ground.
RIGHT-OF-WAY
A corridor of publicly owned land for purposes of maintaining
primary vehicular and pedestrian access to abutting properties, including,
but not limited to, roads, streets, highways, and sidewalks.
SCREENING
An assemblage of materials that are arranged to block the
ground level views between grade and a height of six feet. Suitable
screening materials include trees, shrubs, hedges, berms, walls, sight-tight
fences, other similar type materials, or any combination thereof.
No wall or fence shall be constructed of plywood, corrugated metal,
fiberglass, or sheet metal. Landscape screens must achieve the required
visual blockage within two years of installation.
SEDIMENTATION
The process by which mineral or organic matter is accumulated
or deposited by the movement of water.
SEDIMENT BASIN
A barrier, dam, retention, or detention basin located and
designed to retain rock, sand, gravel, silt, or other material transported
by water.
SEDIMENT POLLUTION
The placement, discharge or any other introduction of sediment
into the waters of the commonwealth occurring from the failure to
design, construct, implement, or maintain control measures and control
facilities in accordance with the requirements of this chapter.
SHEET FLOW
Runoff that flows over the ground surface as a thin, even
layer, not concentrated in a channel.
SLOPE
The degree of deviation of a surface from the horizontal.
Slope is expressed in a percentage that indicates the rate of elevation
change in feet per 100 feet.
SOIL SURVEY
The latest published version of the United States Department
of Agriculture's Soil Survey for Lancaster County, Pennsylvania.
SOLID WASTE
Garbage, refuse and other discarded materials, including, but not limited to, solid and liquid waste materials resulting from municipal, industrial, commercial, agricultural, and residential activities. Such wastes shall not include biological excrement nor hazardous waste materials, as defined in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 40, Chapter
1, Part 261, dated July 1, 1984, or as amended.
STORM SEWER
A system of pipes and/or open channels that convey intercepted
runoff and stormwater from other sources, but excludes domestic sewage
and industrial wastes.
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT FACILITY
Any structure, natural or man-made, that, due to its condition,
design, or construction, conveys, stores, or otherwise affects stormwater
runoff. Typical stormwater management facilities include, but are
not limited to, detention and retention basins, open channels, watercourses,
road gutters, swales, storm sewers, pipes, and infiltration structures.
STREET
A strip of land, including the entire right-of-way (i.e.,
not limited to the cartway) intended to be used by vehicle traffic
or pedestrians. The word "street" includes avenue, boulevard, road,
highway, freeway, lane, viaduct, and any strip of land over which
there is a public or private right-of-way intended to serve as a means
of vehicular and/or pedestrian access to, and frontage for, abutting
properties. Streets are classified as follows:
(1)
ARTERIALA street that provides for intercommunity travel connecting population centers and carrying large volumes of traffic at speeds higher than desirable on other types of streets. The secondary function of an arterial street is to provide access to frontage lots; therefore, the intensity of driveway access is limited. Existing arterial streets are identified in Chapter
220, Zoning.
(2)
COLLECTORA street that provides the principal entrance or circulation for a large residential neighborhood and all streets, that service industrial and/or commercial use. Existing collector streets are identified in Chapter
220, Zoning.
(3)
LOCALA street that provides for access to lots and carries traffic to and within the neighborhood.
STREET CENTER LINE
The horizontal line paralleling the street that bisects the
street right-of-way into two equal widths. In those instances where
the street right-of-way cannot be determined, the street center line
shall correspond to the center of the cartway.
STREET GRADE
The elevation of a street along the center line of the cartway.
STREET LINE (RIGHT-OF-WAY LINE)
A line defining the edge of a street right-of-way and separating
the street from abutting properties or lots. The street line shall
be the same as the legal right-of-way line currently in existence.
STREET, PRIVATE
A street not offered for dedication or which dedication was
not accepted by the municipality.
SUBDIVISION
The division or redivision of a lot, tract or parcel of land
by any means into one, two or more lots, tracts, parcels, or other
divisions of land, including changes in existing lot lines for the
purpose, whether immediate or future, of lease, partition by the court
for distribution to heirs or devisees, transfer of ownership, or building,
or lot development; provided, however, that the subdivision by lease
of land for agricultural purposes into parcels of more than 10 acres,
not involving any new streets or easements of access or residential
dwelling shall be exempted.
SWALE
A wide, shallow ditch which gathers or carries surface water.
TOWNSHIP
East Cocalico Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania.
TOWNSHIP ENGINEER
A duly registered professional engineer, licensed as such
by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, employed by the Township, or
engaged as a consultant thereto.
TRAVEL TRAILER
A portable structure, primarily designed to provide temporary
living quarters for recreation, camping or travel purposes. In addition
to the above, any of the following attributes are characteristic of
a travel trailer:
(1)
The unit is of such size or weight as not to
require a special highway movement permit from the Pennsylvania Department
of Transportation when self-propelled, or when hauled by a standard
motor vehicle on a highway.
(2)
The unit is mounted, or designed to be mounted,
on wheels.
(3)
The unit is designed to be loaded onto, or affixed
to, the bed and/or chassis of a truck.
(4)
The unit contains, or was designed to contain,
temporary storage of water and sewage.
(5)
The unit contains some identification by the
manufacturer as a travel trailer.
UNIT OF OCCUPANCY
A unit the use of which is not subordinate or customarily
incidental to a principal unit. A unit of occupancy can be an independent
unit within a building or a separate, detached building.
WAIVER
(1)
A process for alleviating specific requirements imposed by this chapter pursuant to the Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Code, Act 247 of 1968, reenacted and amended by Act 170 of 1988, and as subsequently amended. Waiver provisions are in §§
194-12 and
194-80.
(2)
In consideration of a waiver, the Township may
approve a deferral of a specific requirement imposed by this chapter.
WATERCOURSE
A permanent or intermittent stream, river, brook, creek,
channel, or swale, pond, lake, or other body of surface water carrying
or holding surface water, whether natural or artificial.
WATERSHED
All the land from which water drains into a particular watercourse.
WETLAND
Those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or
ground water at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and
that, under normal circumstances, do support a prevalence of hydrophites
typically adapted for life in hydric soil conditions, including swamps,
marshes, bogs, and similar areas. The term includes, but is not limited
to, wetland areas listed in the State Water Plan, the United States
Forest Service Wetlands Inventory of Pennsylvania, the Pennsylvania
Coastal Zone Management Plan, and any areas designated as wetlands
by the United States Army Corps of Engineers, a river basin commission,
or the Township.
ZONING ORDINANCE
The current version of the East Cocalico Township Zoning
Ordinance.