The definitions of terms used in this chapter shall be as follows (see also Chapter 160, Subdivision and Land Development, and Chapter 210, Zoning, for additional applicable definitions):
The removal of the surface of the land through the combined
action of man's activities and natural processes at a rate greater
than would occur because of the natural processes alone.
Consisting of or formed from material such as gravel, sand,
silt or clay deposited by flowing water and showing little or no modification
of the original material by soils forming processes.
The specified characteristics of the land surface (e.g.,
meadow) prior to a proposed disturbance or prior to a rainfall event
(e.g., amount of moisture in the soil); the basis for calculating
increases in runoff attributable to the disturbance or storms which
must be controlled.
Well-compacted earthfill ridge.
Cubic feet per second.
A reservoir or tank for storing water.
The diameter of a tree at breast height, usually measured
3.5 feet from the ground surface.
The magnitude of precipitation from a storm event against
which stormwater management facilities shall be designed to protect,
measured in probability of occurrence (e.g., fifty-year storm) and
duration (e.g., twenty-four-hour).
A structure designed to retain or detain runoff in order
to increase the time of concentration or to reduce the maximum discharge
rate of runoff from a developed area.
An area subject to earthmoving activity.
A channel or ditch and a ridge constructed across a sloping
land surface on the contour or with predetermined grades to intercept
and divert surface runoff before it gains sufficient volume and velocity
to create harmful erosion.
A right-of-way granted to use private land to facilitate
the flow of water, within which the owner shall erect no permanent
structures but may use the land in any other way not inconsistent
with the grantee's rights.
Activity resulting in the movement of earth or the stripping
of vegetative cover from the earth.
A concrete or stone structure designed to reduce the velocity
and force of a concentrated stream of water.
The wearing away of soil by action of wind, water or other
geological agents.
The work of cultivating the soil, producing crops and/or
boarding or raising livestock when that operation is for profit or
involves the cultivation of more than one acre of ground.
The initial flow of stormwater runoff (usually the first
1/2 inch) which washes most bacterial and chemical pollutants from
the land.
A plastic material designed to prevent upward and downward
movement of soil or other solids while permitting water movement.
Commonly used in road construction when water-saturated soil could
weaken the road base and surface. Trade names are Mirafi 500, Bidim,
Typar and Supac.
Replenishment of geological structures and rock or soil interstices
which have the capacity to store water.
A supply of water which is drawn from wells or springs.
The depth at which soil particles approach saturation with
water.
A portion of property used for the growing of fruits, flowers
or vegetables when that operation is not for profit and involves the
use of one acre of ground or less.
Properties, distribution and effects of water on the earth's
surface, in the soil and underlying rocks and in the atmosphere.
Materials which are essentially impenetrable and thus unable
to absorb liquids.
A structure designed to direct the flow of rain into storage
in geological structures, e.g., french drains, dutch drains and seepage
pits.
Those activities listed within § 148-3 of this chapter.
The felling of trees within a concentrated area, and/or the
removal of trees or logs from the site by means of mechanized equipment.
See "stream, major."
A tract of land on which trees and plants are raised or stored
for transplanting or sale.
The maximum rate of flow of water at a given point resulting
from a predetermined storm.
A volume of flow being released from a detention structure
per specified unit of time (e.g., gallons per minute).
A stabilized structure of stone, concrete or treated wood
designed to prevent the erosion or collapse of a rock or earth-faced
cut or fill.
A reservoir, formed from soil or other material, which is
designed to permanently retain a certain amount of stormwater from
a catchment area and which may also be designed to temporarily detain
excess stormwater runoff from the catchment area. Retention basins
may also receive fresh water from year-round streams. Unlike detention
basins, retention basins always contain water, thus they are man-made
lakes or ponds.
The surface and subsurface network of roots which support
vegetation.
That portion of a total volume of water which can be expected
to flow off a particular surface.
Soil Conservation Service, United States Department of Agriculture.
Solid material, both mineral and organic, that is in suspension,
is being transported or has been moved from its site of origin by
water.
A retention or detention basin located and designed to retain
rock, sand, gravel, silt and other stormwater-transported material
through trapping, screening, settling, etc.
A broad area of excavated earth, filled with loose stone
or other particles, to which surface water is directed for infiltration
into geological storage.
A linear excavation of the earth, filled with loose stone
or similar materials, to which surface water is directed for infiltration
to geological storage.
Stone, rock, concrete or other materials which permit some
vertical transmission of water.
Chapter 160, Subdivision and Land Development, as amended.
A mathematical method of runoff computation, developed by
the Soil Conservation Service of the United States Department of Agriculture,
which provides for accurate consideration of the effect of applied
conservation measures on runoff rates and volume.
A place at which water flows or seeps from soil or rock.
Soil which is not susceptible to erosion, due to natural
vegetation or mechanical or artificial stabilization.
A pipe or conduit that carries intercepted surface runoff,
street wash and other wash waters or drainage, but excludes domestic
sewage and industrial wastes.
Water which surfaces, flows or collects during and subsequent
to rain or snowfall.
Any perennial current or flow of water, especially one running
along the surface of the earth.
Any stream that is shown as a blue line on United States
Coast and Geodetic Survey Quadrant Maps.
A low point in a roadway or drainage swale where stormwater
can potentially fill to a depth of one foot or more prior to overflowing
to a lower area.
A low-lying stretch of land (natural) which collects or carries
surface water runoff.
Crops requiring cultivation of soil.
The duly appointed employee or independent contractor performing
engineering services for the Township, or such individual appointed
by the Supervisors to perform the duties and services designated herein.
Shrubs, small trees, vines and other plants.
Soil subject to erosion, due to lack of vegetation or inherent
nature of soil structure.
An area where trees are the dominant vegetation, or at least
15 trees over six inches DBH are distributed over an acre of ground.
