This article describes required standards for
off-street parking and off-street loading.
A.
Application of section.
(1)
The County Commissioners recognize
that the parking space requirements set forth in
this section cannot and do not cover every possible situation that
may arise. Therefore, in cases not specifically covered, the Planning Commission may determine the parking space requirement using this article as a guide.
(2)
Shared and mixed-use parking.
(a)
In some cases one parking area
may contain required spaces for several different uses, but except as otherwise provided in this section, the required
space assigned to one use may not be credited to
any other use.
(b)
To the extent that developments that wish to make joint use of the same parking spaces operate at different times, the Planning
Commission may allow for the same spaces to be credited to
both uses, thereby reducing the overall parking space requirement. For example, if a parking lot
is used in connection with an office building on Monday through Friday but is generally 90% vacant on weekends,
another development that operates only on weekends
could be credited with 90% of the spaces on that lot. Or, if a church parking lot is generally occupied
only 50% of capacity on days other than Sunday, another development could make use of 50% of the church lot's spaces on those other days.
(c)
If the joint use of the same parking spaces by two or more principal uses involves satellite parking spaces, then the provisions of § 18:1-83A(3) are also applicable.
(3)
Satellite parking.
(a)
If the number of off-street parking spaces required by this Chapter 18 cannot reasonably be provided on the same lot where the principal use associated
with these parking spaces is located, then the Planning Commission may allow spaces to be provided on adjacent
or nearby lots in accordance with the provisions of this section.
These off-site spaces are referred to in this section as "satellite parking spaces."
(b)
All such satellite parking spaces,
except spaces intended for employee use, must be
located within 400 feet of a public entrance of a principal
building housing the use associated with
such parking, or within 400 feet of the lot on which the use associated with such parking is located if the use is not housed within any principal building. Satellite parking spaces
intended for employee use may be located within any
reasonable distance.
(c)
The developer wishing to take
advantage of the provisions of this section must present a binding
legal contract that he has the permission of the property
owner of the satellite parking spaces to
use such spaces. The developer must also sign an
acknowledgment that the continuing validity of his certificate of
occupancy or zoning permit depends upon his continuing ability to
provide the requisite number of parking spaces.
C.
Commercial and entertainment uses.
(1)
Except as otherwise specifically designated in this
subsection, for commercial and entertainment uses, the minimum number of parking spaces
shall be:
(a)
One space per 350 square feet of gross floor
area of customer sales and service and office gross floor area; and
(b)
One space per 500 square feet of storage or
warehousing area or, if the use has at least 100,000
square feet of gross floor area, four spaces per
1,000 square feet of gross floor area.
(7)
For hotels, guest lodges, country inns and bed-and-breakfasts, the minimum number of parking spaces shall be:
(a)
One space per room, guest lodge, or suite;
(b)
One space per every three employees
on the largest work shift;
(c)
One space per three individuals to the maximum capacity of each public meeting and/or banquet room;
(d)
Fifty percent of the spaces otherwise required
for accessory uses (e.g., restaurants and bars); and
(e)
For hotels with more than 20
units located along or adjacent to arterial roadways four pull-through parking spaces shall be provided.
(8)
For private clubs, the minimum number of parking spaces shall be one space per three individuals to the maximum capacity of the facility.
(12)
For shopping centers of 100,000
square feet or more of floor area, the minimum number
of parking spaces shall be four spaces per 1,000
square feet of gross floor area.
(13)
For shopping centers of less
than 100,000 square feet of floor area, the minimum
number of parking spaces shall be equal to what is
required for what can best be determined to be the individual components
of the center.
(14)
For theaters and auditoriums, the minimum number
of parking spaces shall be one space per three patrons
based on maximum capacity. This requirement may be
satisfied on a space-by-space basis by the facility if the facility
provides written proof that it has the use of a nearby parking lot available to its patrons (e.g., by contractual agreement).
(15)
For antique and trade shops the minimum number
of parking spaces will be 2.5 spaces per 1,000 square
feet of floor area.
(16)
For furniture stores the minimum number of parking spaces shall be 2.5 per 1,000 square feet of retail
space.
(17)
For banquet and conference
center facilities, the minimum number of parking spaces shall be one space per 250 square feet of gross floor
area.
[Added 2-24-2009 by Ord. No. 08-19]
D.
E.
Institutional, indoor, recreational,
and special residential uses.
(2)
For day and youth camps, the minimum
number of parking spaces shall be:
(3)
For cemeteries, one parking space
shall be provided if a travelway which can accommodate parking is not present or a house of worship with associated parking is not adjacent to the site.
(4)
For churches, the minimum number
of parking spaces shall be one space per four seats
to the maximum capacity.
(7)
For group dwellings, the minimum
number of parking spaces shall be one space per bedroom or sleeping room, and one space per employee
on the largest work shift.
(16)
For rural country clubs and resort country clubs the minimum number of parking spaces shall be:
(a)
Four parking spaces per each
golf hole, plus;
(b)
One space for every four persons of the total maximum rated capacity. "Total maximum
rated capacity" refers to the sum of the rated capacities for all interior public assembly areas, as determined
by the State Fire Marshal's Office.
(c)
An overflow parking area shall
be designated which can accommodate the same number of cars as required
by this subsection. The overflow parking area need
not be paved or otherwise improved, but must meet all property line
setback and buffer yard requirements.
G.
Office uses.
(1)
Except as otherwise specifically designated in this
subsection, for general offices, the minimum number
of parking spaces shall be four spaces per 1,000
square feet of gross floor area.
(2)
For medical offices, the minimum
number of parking spaces shall be five spaces per
full-time doctor.
(4)
For industry offices, the minimum
number of parking spaces shall be 2.5 spaces per
1,000 square feet of gross floor area.
H.
Outdoor recreational uses.
(1)
Except as otherwise specifically designated in this
subsection, for outdoor recreational uses, the minimum
number of parking spaces shall be one space per four
expected patrons at maximum capacity.
(3)
For outdoor swimming pools, the minimum number of parking spaces shall be one space per 75 square feet of
gross water area.
(4)
For tennis courts, the minimum number of parking spaces shall be three spaces per court.
(5)
For amphitheater, the minimum
number of parking spaces shall be one space per three
patrons/users based upon maximum capacity. This requirement may be
satisfied on a space-by-space basis by the facility if the facility
provides written proof that it has the use of a nearby parking lot available to its patrons.
K.
Road and water service uses.
[Amended 2-24-2009 by Ord. No. 08-19]
(1)
For convenience grocery stores, the minimum number
of parking spaces shall be:
(4)
For vehicle sales and services, the minimum number
of parking spaces shall be one space per 1,500 square
feet of gross floor area.
(6)
For maritime convenience stores, the minimum number of parking spaces and docking
facilities shall be:
N.
Migrant labor camps. For migrant labor camps, the minimum number of parking spaces shall be one space for every 10 migrants at maximum capacity.
O.
Paving required; maintenance. All parking areas, except those allowed for uses which require
fewer than 25 parking spaces, shall be paved. Unpaved parking areas shall consist of compacted base with crushed
stone placed on the compacted base. All parking areas
shall be maintained in a dust-free, safe condition at all times.
P.
Live-work units. For live-work
units, the minimum number of parking spaces
shall be:
[Added 2-24-2009 by Ord. No. 08-19[1]]
(1)
Two spaces per each unit for live/work
units less than 2,500 square feet.
(2)
Two spaces for the first 2,500 square feet plus
one space for each additional 200 square feet of space for retail
or customer service.
[1]
Editor's Note: This ordinance also redesignated
former Subsection P as Subsection R.
Q.
High dry storage facilities or rackominiums. For high dry storage facilities or rackominiums, the minimum number of parking spaces shall be:
[Added 2-24-2009 by Ord. No. 08-19]
(1)
One space per 10 dry boat storage spaces;
(2)
One space per two wet slips;
(3)
Wet slips used for charter boats including,
but not limited to charters for fishing, shelling, diving and sightseeing
purposes are computed at one space per three boat passengers based
on the maximum number of passengers; with charter boats used for dining
are computed at one space per two boat passengers based upon the maximum
number of passengers.
(4)
Other uses associated with high dry
storage facility or rackominium as part of a mixed-use
development must meet additional parking requirements as specified for specific uses.
(5)
One space per one employee of the largest
shift.
R.
Off-street parking design standards.
(1)
Length and width.
(a)
A required off-street parking space shall be at least nine feet in width and at least 18 feet
in length, exclusive of access drives or aisles, ramps, columns or office or work areas.
(b)
The length of parking spaces
can be reduced to 16.5 feet, including wheel stop, if additional space
of 1.5 feet in length is provided for the front overhang of the car.
(c)
A parking space shall have
a vertical clearance of at least seven feet.
(2)
Horizontal widths for parking rows,
aisles and modules shall be provided at widths no less than listed
in the following table:
One-Way
|
Angled
| |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Parallel
(feet)
|
30°
(feet)
|
45°
(feet)
|
60°
(feet)
|
90°
(feet)
| ||
Single row of parking
|
9
|
17
|
31
|
20
|
18
| |
Driving aisle
|
12
|
12
|
13
|
18
|
24
| |
Minimum width of module
|
21
|
31
|
32
|
38
|
42
| |
Two rows of parking
|
18
|
34
|
38
|
40
|
36
| |
Driving aisle
|
12
|
12
|
13
|
18
|
24
| |
Minimum width of module
|
30
|
46
|
51
|
58
|
60
| |
NOTES:
Minimum drive aisles are subject to emergency
services approval on a site-specific basis.
|
(3)
Access.
(a)
Each required off-street space shall open directly
upon an aisle or driveway of such width and design as to provide safe
and efficient means of vehicular access to such parking space.
(b)
All off-street parking facilities
shall be designed with appropriate means of vehicular access to a
street or alley, in a manner that least interferes
with traffic and pedestrian movements.
(c)
A driveway across public property, or requiring
a curb cut, may not exceed a width of 25 feet.
(4)
Parking for the handicapped shall
be provided at a size, number and location as specified by state and
federal regulations.
A.
In general. Any use with a gross floor area of 6,000 square feet or more that requires deliveries
or shipments must provide off-street loading facilities in accordance
with the requirements specified in this section.
B.
Number of berths required; retail, industrial, manufacturing use. Every retail establishment, industrial or manufacturing use, warehouse, wholesale use, freight terminal,
railroad yard, hospital or sanitarium that has an aggregate gross floor area of 6,000 square feet or more shall provide off-street
loading facilities in accordance with the following table, except
that any miniwarehouse facility that can demonstrate
that loading areas may be accommodated in the drive aisles are not
required to provide a designated loading area.
Gross Floor Area
(square feet)
|
Number of Berths
| |
---|---|---|
6,000 to 24,999
|
1
| |
25,000 to 79,999
|
2
| |
80,000 to 127,999
|
3
| |
128,000 to 198,000
|
4
| |
199,000 to 255,999
|
5
| |
256,000 to 319,999
|
6
| |
320,000 to 391,999
|
7
| |
For each additional 72,000 square feet, or fraction
thereof
|
1 additional
|
C.
Public assembly use. Every public
assembly use, such as auditoriums, convention halls,
exhibition halls, stadiums or sports areas, funeral homes and restaurants and hotels, that
has an aggregate gross floor area of 6,000 square
feet or more shall provide off-street berths as follows.
Gross Floor Area
(square feet)
|
Number of Berths
| |
---|---|---|
6,000 to 29,999
|
1
| |
30,000 to 119,999
|
2
| |
120,000 to 197,999
|
3
| |
198,000 to 290,999
|
4
| |
219,000 to 389,999
|
5
| |
390,000 to 488,999
|
6
| |
489,000 to 587,999
|
7
| |
588,000 to 689,999
|
8
| |
For each additional 105,000 or fraction thereof
|
1 additional
|
D.
Number of berths required; office use. For office use that has an aggregate gross floor area of 6,000
square feet or more, one loading berth shall be provided for the first
6,000 to 100,000 square feet of office floor
area with one additional berth to be provided for each 100,000
square feet of floor area.
E.
Minimum area of loading space. The minimum area for
each off-street loading space, excluding area for maneuvering, shall
be 250 square feet.
F.
Loading area. At no time shall any part of a truck
or van be allowed to extend into the right-of-way or a public thoroughfare
while the truck or van is being loaded or unloaded.