A. 
All regulated activities in Kidder Township shall be subject to the stormwater management requirements of this part.
B. 
Storm drainage systems shall be provided to permit unimpeded flow in natural watercourses except as modified by stormwater detention facilities, pipe systems or open channels consistent with this part.
C. 
The existing locations of concentrated drainage discharge onto adjacent property shall not be altered without written approval of the affected property owner(s).
D. 
Areas of existing diffused drainage discharge onto adjacent property shall be managed such that, at minimum, the peak diffused flow does not increase in the general direction of discharge, except as otherwise provided in this part. If diffused flow is proposed to be concentrated and discharged onto adjacent property, the developer must document that there are adequate downstream conveyance facilities to safely transport the concentrated discharge to the point of predevelopment flow concentration, to the stream reach or otherwise prove that no harm will result from the concentrated discharge. Areas of existing diffused drainage discharge shall be subject to any applicable release rate criteria in the general direction of existing discharge whether they are proposed to be concentrated or maintained as diffused drainage areas.
E. 
Postconstruction BMPs shall be designed, installed, operated and maintained to meet the requirements of the Clean Streams Law[1] and implementing regulations, including the established practices in 25 Pa. Code Chapter 102 and the specifications of this part as to prevent accelerated erosion in watercourse channels and at all points of discharge.
[1]
Editor's Note: See 35 P.S. § 691.1 et seq.
F. 
No earth disturbance activities associated with any regulated activities shall commence until approval by Kidder Township of a plan which demonstrates compliance with the requirements of this part.
G. 
Techniques utilizing low-impact development are encouraged because they reduce the costs of complying with the requirements of this part and the state water quality requirements.
H. 
Infiltration for stormwater management is encouraged where soils permit.
The following permit requirements apply to certain regulated and earth disturbance activities and must be met prior to commencement of regulated and earth disturbance activities, as applicable:
A. 
All regulated and earth disturbance activities subject to permit requirements by DEP under regulations at 25 Pa. Code Chapter 102.
B. 
Work within natural drainageways subject to permit by DEP under 25 Pa. Code Chapter 105.
C. 
Any stormwater management facility that would be located in or adjacent to surface waters of the commonwealth, including wetlands, subject to permit by DEP under 25 Pa. Code Chapter 105.
D. 
Any stormwater management facility that would be located on a state highway right-of-way or require access from a state highway shall be subject to approval by the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDOT).
E. 
Culverts, bridges, storm sewers or any other facilities which must pass or convey flows from the tributary area and any facility which may constitute a dam subject to permit by DEP under 25 Pa. Code Chapter 105.
A. 
No regulated earth disturbance activities within Kidder Township shall commence until approval by Kidder Township of an erosion and sediment control plan for construction activities. Written approval by DEP or a delegated County Conservation District shall satisfy this requirement.
B. 
An erosion and sediment control plan is required by DEP regulations for any earth disturbance activity of 5,000 square feet or more under Pa. Code § 102.4(b), and for any earth disturbance activity in special protection watersheds that has the potential to discharge into special protection streams.
C. 
A DEP NPDES Stormwater Discharges Associated with Construction Activities Permit is required for regulated earth disturbance activities under Pa. Code Chapter 92.
D. 
Evidence of any necessary permit(s) for regulated earth disturbance activities from the appropriate DEP regional office or County Conservation District must be provided to Kidder Township before the commencement of earth disturbance activity.
E. 
A copy of the Erosion and Sediment Control Plan and any permit, as required by DEP regulations, shall be available at the project site at all times.
A. 
No regulated earth disturbance activities within Kidder Township shall commence until approval by Kidder Township of a plan which demonstrates compliance with this part.
B. 
The infiltration volume (Iv) shall be treated by capture and reuse, infiltration, or returned to the atmosphere using vegetated systems that provide evapotransporation benefits. The Iv shall be calculated as the difference in runoff volume from existing conditions to proposed conditions for the two-year return period storm. The effect of closed depressions on the site shall be considered in this calculation. The larger of these two calculated volumes shall be used as the Iv to be captured and reused or infiltrated.
C. 
The Iv shall be calculated for each postdevelopment drainage direction on a site for sizing BMPs.
D. 
If an applicant is proposing to use a wet pond, constructed wetland or other BMP that ponds water on the land surface and may receive direct sunlight, the discharge from that BMP must be treated by infiltration, a vegetated buffer, filter strip, bioretention, vegetated swale or other BMP that provides a thermal benefit.
E. 
Infiltration BMPs shall not be constructed on fill.
F. 
For each proposed regulated activity in Kidder Township where an applicant intends to use infiltration BMPs, the applicant shall conduct a preliminary site investigation, including gathering data from published sources, a field inspection of the site, soil test pits, and infiltration tests. This investigation will determine depth to bedrock, seasonal high water table, or other limiting zone, and soil permeability. Soil evaluation and infiltration testing shall be completed in accordance with the PaDEP Pennsylvania Stormwater Best Management Practices Manual, or as specified below. All results of the infiltration tests shall be documented in a report and submitted to the Township with the drainage plan. The report shall document the following:
(1) 
Test pit and infiltration test locations.
(2) 
Results of all test pits, which shall be reported on PaDEP Bureau of Water Standards and Facility Regulation Form 0290A, or other similar format.
(3) 
Method of infiltration testing utilized, including equipment used, date(s) of testing, and testing procedure.
(4) 
Infiltration test results, including depth (or elevation) of test, depth of proposed BMP, depth to limiting zone, type of limiting zone, and infiltration rate.
(5) 
Infiltration rates to be utilized in design of each proposed BMP, adjusted with factors of safety described in PaDEP Pennsylvania Stormwater BMP Manual. These adjusted rates shall be greater than or equal to 0.1 inches/hour and less than or equal to 10 inches/hour.
G. 
Sites where applicants intend to use infiltration BMPs must meet the following criteria:
(1) 
Depth to bedrock below the invert of the BMP greater than or equal to 20 inches.
(2) 
Depth to seasonal high water table or other limiting zone below the invert of the BMP greater than or equal to 20 inches.
(3) 
Setback distances or buffers as follows:
(a) 
Fifty feet from individual water supply wells and 100 feet from community or municipal water supply wells.
(b) 
Ten feet downgradient or 100 feet upgradient from building foundations; except for residential development where the required setback is 10 feet downgradient or 40 feet upgradient from building foundations.
(c) 
Fifty feet from septic system drainfields; except for residential development where the required setback is 25 feet from septic system drainfields.
(d) 
One hundred feet from the property line unless documentation is provided to show that all setbacks from existing or potential future wells, foundations and drain fields on neighboring properties will be met.
H. 
The infiltration volume (Iv) shall be infiltrated. If the applicant demonstrates that it is infeasible to infiltrate the Iv for reasons of seasonal high water table, permeability rate, soil depth or isolation distances; or except as provided in Subsection N, then the applicant may follow the appeal process described in § 148-90.
I. 
Site areas proposed for infiltration shall be protected from disturbance and compaction except as necessary for construction of infiltration BMPs.
J. 
If infiltration of the entire Iv is decided to be infeasible through the appeal process described in § 148-90, the remainder of the Iv not infiltrated shall be treated by two acceptable BMPs in series for each discharge location. Sheet flow draining across a pervious area can be considered as one BMP. Sheet flow across impervious areas and concentrated flow shall flow through two BMPs. If sheet flow from an impervious area is to be drained across a pervious area as one BMP, the length of the pervious area must be equal to or greater than the length of impervious area. In no case may the same BMP be employed consecutively to meet the requirement of this section. Acceptable BMPs are listed as follows along with the recommended reference for design:
Best Management Practice
Design Reference NumberC
BioretentionA
4, 5,11,16
Capture/reuseB
4, 14
Constructed wetlands
4, 5, 8, 10, 16
Dry extended detention ponds
4, 5, 8, 12, 18
Minimum disturbance/minimum maintenance practices
1, 9
Significant reduction of existing impervious cover
N/A
Stormwater filtersA (sand, peat, compost, etc.)
4, 5, 10, 16
Vegetated buffers/filter strips
2, 3, 5, 11, 16, 17
Vegetated roofs
4, 13
Vegetated swalesA
2, 3, 5, 11, 16, 17
Water quality inletsD
4, 7, 15, 16, 19
Wet detention ponds
4, 5, 6, 8
A
This BMP could be designed with or without an infiltration component. If infiltration is proposed, the site and BMP will be subject to the testing and other infiltration requirements in this part.
B
If this BMP is used to treat the entire Iv, then it is the only BMP required because of this BMP's superior water quality performance.
C
See table below.
D
Water quality inlets include such BMPs as oil/water separators, sediment traps/catch basin sumps, and trash/debris collectors in catch basins.
Number
Design Reference Title
1
"Conservation Design For Stormwater Management — A Design Approach to Reduce Stormwater Impacts From Land Development and Achieve Multiple Objectives Related to Land Use," Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, The Environmental Management Center of the Brandywine Conservancy, September 1997.
2
"A Current Assessment of Urban Best Management Practices: Techniques for Reducing Nonpoint Source Pollution in the Coastal Zone," Schueler, T. R., Kumble, P. and Heraty, M., Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments, 1992.
3
"Design of Roadside Channels with Flexible Linings," Federal Highway Administration, Chen, Y. H. and Cotton, G. K., Hydraulic Engineering Circular 15, FHWA-IP-87-7, McLean Virginia, 1988.
4
"Pennsylvania Stormwater Best Management Practices Manual," Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, December 30, 2006.
5
"Evaluation and Management of Highway Runoff Water Quality," Federal Highway Administration, FHWA-PD-96-032, Washington, D.C., 1996.
6
"Evaporation Maps of the United States," U.S. Weather Bureau (now NOAA/National Weather Service) Technical Paper 37, Published by Department of Commerce, Washington, D.C., 1959.
7
"Georgia Stormwater Manual," AMEC Earth and Environmental, Center for Watershed Protection, Debo and Associates, Jordan Jones and Goulding, Atlanta Regional Commission, Atlanta, Georgia, 2001.
8
"Hydraulic Design of Highway Culverts," Federal Highway Administration, FHWA HDS 5, Washington, D.C., 1985 (revised May 2005).
9
"Low Impact Development Design Strategies An Integrated Design Approach, Prince Georges County, Maryland Department of Environmental Resources, June 1999.
10
"Maryland Stormwater Design Manual," Maryland Department of the Environment, Baltimore, Maryland, 2000.
11
"Pennsylvania Handbook of Best Management Practices for Developing Areas," Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, 1998.
12
"Recommended Procedures for Act 167 Drainage Plan Design," LVPC, Revised 1997.
13
"Roof Gardens History, Design, and Construction," Osmundson, Theodore. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1999.
14
"The Texas Manual on Rainwater Harvesting," Texas Water Development Board, Austin, Texas, Third Edition, 2005.
15
"VDOT Manual of Practice for Stormwater Management," Virginia Transportation Research Council, Charlottesville, Virginia, 2004.
16
"Virginia Stormwater Management Handbook," Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Richmond, Virginia, 1999.
17
"Water Resources Engineering," Mays, L. W., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005.
18
"Urban Hydrology for Small Watersheds," Technical Report 55, US Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, 1986.
19
U.S. EPA, Region 1 New England Web site (as of August 2005) http://www.epa.gov/NE/assistance/ceitts/stormwater/techs/html.
K. 
Stormwater runoff from hot spot land uses shall be pretreated. In no case may the same BMP be employed consecutively to meet this requirement and the requirement in Subsection J. Acceptable methods of pretreatment are listed as follows.
Hot Spot Land Use
Pretreatment Method(s)
Vehicle maintenance and repair facilities including auto parts stores
Water quality inlets
Use of drip pans and/or dry sweep material under vehicles/equipment
Use of absorbent devices to reduce liquid releases
Spill prevention and response program
Vehicle fueling stations
Water quality inlets
Spill prevention and response program
Storage areas for public works
Water quality inlets
Use of drip pans and/or dry sweep material under vehicles/equipment
Use of absorbent devices to reduce liquid releases
Spill prevention and response program
Diversion of stormwater away from potential contamination areas
Outdoor storage of liquids
Spill prevention and response program
Commercial nursery operations
Vegetated swales/filter strips
Constructed wetlands
Stormwater collection and reuse
Salvage yards and recycling facilities*
BMPs that are a part of a stormwater pollution prevention plan under an NPDES permit
Fleet storage yards and vehicle cleaning facilities*
BMPs that are a part of a stormwater pollution prevention plan under an NPDES permit
Facilities that store or generate regulated substances*
BMPs that are a part of a stormwater pollution prevention plan under an NPDES permit
Marinas*
BMPs that are a part of a stormwater pollution prevention plan under an NPDES permit
Certain industrial uses (listed under NPDES)*
BMPs that are a part of a stormwater pollution prevention plan under an NPDES permit
NOTES:
*
Regulated under the NPDES stormwater program
Design references for the pretreatment methods, as necessary, are listed below. If the applicant can demonstrate to the satisfaction of Kidder Township that the proposed land use is not a hot spot, then the pretreatment requirement would not apply.
Pretreatment Method
Design Reference NumberA
Constructed wetlands
5, 6, 10, 12, 18
Diversion of stormwater away from potential contamination areas
5, 13
Stormwater collection and reuse (especially for irrigation)
5, 16
Stormwater filters (sand, peat, compost, etc.)
5, 6, 12, 18
Vegetated swales
2, 4, 6, 13, 18, 19
Water quality inlets
5, 9, 17, 18, 21
NOTES:
A
These numbers refer to the Design Reference Title Chart in Subsection J above.
L. 
The use of infiltration BMPs is prohibited on hot spot land use areas.
M. 
Applicants shall request, in writing, public water suppliers to provide the Zone I wellhead protection radius, as calculated by the method outlined in the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection Wellhead Protection regulations, for any public water supply well within 400 feet of the site. In addition to the setback distances specified in Subsection G, infiltration is prohibited in the Zone I radius as defined and substantiated by the public water supplier in writing. If the applicant does not receive a response from the public water supplier, the Zone I radius is assumed to be 100 feet.
N. 
Kidder Township may, after consultation with DEP, approve alternative methods for meeting the state water quality requirements other than those in this section, provided that they meet the minimum requirements of and do not conflict with state law including but not limited to the Clean Streams Law.[1]
[1]
Editor's Note: See 35 P.S. § 691.1 et seq.
A. 
Peak rates of postdevelopment stormwater runoff (measured in cubic feet per second) shall not exceed 100% of the predevelopment flow rates for any area as mandated by this part. Each point of discharge from the site shall be analyzed and shall meet the 100% release rate individually. If the entire site is located in one watershed, the total site discharge shall also be analyzed and proven to meet the 100% release rate to the watershed. Should the site be located in more than one watershed, the site shall be shown to meet the 100% release rate for each watershed to which the site runoff drains. The following conditions and storm frequencies (considered individually) shall apply, unless any more restrictive requirements of an applicable official stormwater management plan are adopted by DEP and the county:
(1) 
One-year storm;
(2) 
Two-year storm;
(3) 
Five-year storm;
(4) 
Ten-year storm;
(5) 
Twenty-five-year storm;
(6) 
Fifty-year storm; and
(7) 
One-hundred-year storm.
B. 
Control of peak runoff rates from a site shall occur using appropriate means of detention of the water on the site and/or other approved types of stormwater management, within the requirements of this part.
C. 
Runoff that is detained shall be held and released at a predetermined controlled rate by appropriately installed devices. The release shall be in the same manner as the natural or predevelopment means of discharge from a site (such as point discharge or sheet flow).
D. 
Stormwater runoff shall not be increased or redirected in such a way that it results in hazards to persons or property or interferes with the normal movement of vehicles.
A. 
Applicants shall provide a comparative pre- and postconstruction stormwater management hydrograph analysis for each direction of discharge and for the site overall to demonstrate compliance with the provisions of this part.
B. 
The exact location of the stormwater management watershed boundaries as they apply to a given development site shall be determined by mapping the boundaries using the two-foot topographic contours provided as part of the drainage plan.
C. 
Any downstream capacity analysis conducted in accordance with this part shall use the following criteria for determining adequacy for accepting increased peak flow rates:
(1) 
Natural or man-made channels or swales must be able to convey the increased fifty-year return period runoff event within their banks at velocities consistent with protection of the channels from erosion without creating any hazard to persons or property.
(2) 
Culverts, bridges, storm sewers or any other facilities which must pass or convey flows from the tributary area must be designed in accordance with DEP Chapter 105 regulations (if applicable) and, at minimum, pass the postdevelopment fifty-year return period runoff.
D. 
Off-site areas which drain through a proposed development site are not subject to release rate criteria in § 148-50A when determining allowable peak runoff rates. However, on-site drainage facilities and drainage facilities within the road right(s)-of-way adjacent to the development site shall be designed to safely convey off-site flows through and leaving the development site using the capacity criteria in § 148-51C and the detention criteria in § 148-52.
E. 
For development sites proposed to take place in phases, all detention ponds shall be designed to meet the 100% release rate criteria applied to all site areas tributary to the proposed pond discharge direction. All site tributary areas will be assumed as developed, regardless of whether all site tributary acres are proposed for development at that time.
F. 
Regional detention alternatives. For certain areas, it may be more cost-effective to provide one control facility for more than one development site than to provide an individual control facility for each development site. The initiative and funding for any regional runoff control alternatives are the responsibility of prospective developers. The design of any regional control basins must incorporate reasonable development of the entire upstream watershed. The peak outflow of a regional basin would be determined based on the required release rate at the point of discharge.
A. 
Peak stormwater runoff rates from all development sites shall be calculated using either the rational method or the soil-cover-complex methodology. Any stormwater runoff calculations involving drainage areas greater than 200 acres, including on- and off-site areas, shall use generally accepted calculation technique that is based upon the NRCS soil-cover-complex methods.
B. 
All land area within the site which is farm field shall be considered as pasture with good ground cover.
C. 
The design of any detention basin intended to meet the requirements of this part shall be verified by routing the design storm hydrographs through the proposed basin using the storage indication method or other methodology demonstrated to be more appropriate. For basins designed using the Rational Method technique, the design hydrograph for routing shall be either the Universal Rational Hydrograph or the Modified Rational Method trapezoidal hydrograph which maximizes detention volume. Use of the Modified Rational hydrograph shall be consistent with the procedure described in Section "PIPE.RAT" of the Users' Manual for the Penn State Urban Hydrograph Method (1987).
D. 
BMPs designed to store or infiltrate runoff and discharge to surface runoff or pipe flow shall be routed using the storage indication method.
E. 
BMPs designed to store or infiltrate runoff and discharge to surface runoff or pipe flow shall provide storage volume for the full Iv below the lowest outlet invert.
F. 
Runoff calculations using the soil-cover-complex method shall use the Natural Resources Conservation Service Type II twenty-four-hour rainfall distribution. The twenty-four-hour rainfall depths for the various return periods to be used consistent with this part may be taken from NOAA Atlas 14, Volume 2 Version 2.1, 2004 or the PennDOT Intensity — Duration — Frequency Field Manual ("PDT-IDF") (May 1986) for Region 5.
(1) 
The following values are taken from the PDT-IDF Field Manual:
Return Period
(years)
24-Hour Rainfall Depth
(inches)
1
2.64
2
3.36
5
4.32
10
5.28
25
6.24
50
7.20
100
8.40
(2) 
A graphical and tabular presentation of the Type II twenty-four-hour distribution is included in Appendix B.[1]
[1]
Editor's Note: Appendix B is included at the end of this chapter.
G. 
Runoff calculations using the Rational Method shall use rainfall intensities consistent with appropriate times of concentration and return periods and NOAA Atlas 14, Volume 2 Version 2.1, 2004 or the Intensity-Duration-Frequency Curves as presented in Appendix B.
H. 
Runoff curve numbers (CNs) to be used in the soil-cover-complex method shall be based upon the matrix presented in Appendix B.
I. 
Runoff coefficients for use in the Rational Method shall be based upon the table presented in Appendix B.
J. 
All time of concentration calculations shall use a segmental approach which may include one or all of the flow types below:
(1) 
Sheet flow (overland flow) calculations shall use either the NRCS average velocity chart (Figure 3-1, Technical Release-55, 1975) or the modified kinematic wave travel time equation (equation 3-3, NRCS TR-55, June 1986). If using the modified kinematic wave travel time equation, the sheet flow length shall be limited to 50 feet for designs using the Rational Method and limited to 100 feet for designs using the soil-cover-complex method.
(2) 
Shallow concentrated flow travel times shall be determined from the watercourse slope, type of surface and the velocity from Figure 3-1 of TR-55, June 1986.
(3) 
Open channel flow travel times shall be determined from velocities calculated by the Manning Equation. Bankfull flows shall be used for determining velocities. Manning 'n' values shall be based on the table presented in Appendix B.
(4) 
Pipe flow travel times shall be determined from velocities calculated using the Manning Equation assuming full flow and the Manning "n" values from Appendix B.[2]
[2]
Editor's Note: Appendix B is included at the end of this chapter.
K. 
If using the Rational Method, all predevelopment and postdevelopment calculations for a given discharge direction shall be based on a common time of concentration considering both on-site and any off-site drainage areas.
L. 
The Manning Equation shall be used to calculate the capacity of watercourses. Manning "n" values used in the calculations shall be consistent with the table presented in Appendix B or other appropriate standard engineering "n" value resources. Pipe capacities shall be determined by methods acceptable to the Kidder Township Engineer.
A. 
Streams, watercourses, wetlands, or ponds. All uses and activities established after the effective date of this part shall comply with the following standards. Site alterations, grading, filling, or clearing of vegetation prior to the submission of applications for zoning or building permits or the submission of plans for subdivision or land development shall be in violation of this part.
(1) 
Streams, watercourses, wetlands, ponds, and lakes shall not be altered, graded, developed, filled, piped, diverted or built upon, except where design approval is obtained from the Township and the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection. If a road crossing is necessary, it shall cross in the area that will have the minimum impact on the wetland, stream, or watercourse.
(2) 
Wetlands. A formal wetland study shall be required if there are major and/or minor components of hydric soils within the site, or if requested by Township representatives. The wetland study, if required, shall be completed by a certified professional experienced in wetland biology, geology, and hydrology. The streams, watercourses, and/or wetlands shall be delineated and staked out in the field, and shall remain delineated until the completion of construction or development. The delineation shall be survey located by a professional surveyor licensed in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
(a) 
In the case that no major and/or minor components of hydric soils exist on the site and a wetland study has not been requested by a Township official, no wetland study is required. For all subdivision and land development applications in such a case, a statement prepared by a certified professional shall be included on the plans, and recorded with the Township with the Carbon County Recorder of Deeds. The statement shall state that the site does not contain major and/or minor components of hydric soils.
(b) 
A jurisdictional determination by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers may be required upon request by the Township Supervisors to verify the delineation completed by the developer/applicant.
(c) 
A wetland buffer shall be established 50 feet from delineated wetlands which are directly tributary to streams with a 25 Pa. Code Chapter 93 designation that is not high quality or exceptional value. No more than 10% of the wetland buffer shall be altered, graded, developed, built upon, or cleared of existing trees or vegetation, except for the removal of dead, diseased or hazardous trees that jeopardize public safety, as a part of a reforestation project that is approved by the Board of Supervisors; or placement of public or private easements, roads and trail ways, and stormwater tracts or facilities, provided that only the minimum area reasonably necessary for the public service or use shall be encroached upon or disturbed.
(d) 
A wetland buffer shall be established 75 feet from delineated wetlands which are directly tributary to streams with a 25 Pa. Code Chapter 93 designation that is high quality or exceptional value. No more than 10% of the wetland buffer shall be altered, graded, developed, built upon, or cleared of existing trees or vegetation, except for the removal of dead, diseased or hazardous trees that jeopardize public safety, as a part of a reforestation project that is approved by the Board of Supervisors; or placement of public or private easements, roads and trail ways, and stormwater tracts or facilities, provided that only the minimum area reasonably necessary for the public service or use shall be encroached upon or disturbed.
(3) 
Streams and watercourses. A stream corridor buffer shall be established along all streams or watercourses, including intermittent watercourses. No more than 5% of such areas shall be altered, graded, developed, built upon, or cleared of existing trees or vegetation, except for the removal of dead, diseased or hazardous trees that jeopardize public safety, as a part of a reforestation project that is approved by the Board of Supervisors; or placement of public or private easements, roads and trail ways, and stormwater tracts or facilities, provided that only the minimum area reasonably necessary for the public service or use shall be encroached upon or disturbed; or as part of a road crossing with both Township and Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection approvals, as described in § 148-53A(1).
(a) 
The OHWM shall be defined as the line on the shore established by the fluctuations of water and indicated by physical characteristics such as clear, natural line impressed on the bank, shelving, changes in the character of soil, destruction of terrestrial vegetation, the presence of litter and debris, or other appropriate means that consider the characteristics of the surrounding areas.
(b) 
All streams with a 25 Pa. Code Chapter 93 designation of high quality or exceptional value shall have a stream corridor of 100 feet from the ordinary high water mark (OHWM) of the stream or watercourse. Streams with 25 Pa. Code Chapter 93 designations other than high quality or exceptional value shall have a stream corridor of 75 feet from the ordinary high water mark.
(4) 
Pond and lake shorelines. A shoreline buffer shall be established 50 feet from the delineated shoreline of all lakes and ponds. No more than 10% of such areas shall be altered, graded, filled, or built upon except for the removal of dead, diseased or hazardous trees that jeopardize public safety, as a part of a reforestation project that is approved by the Board of Supervisors; or placement of public or private easements, roads and trail ways, and stormwater tracts or facilities, provided that only the minimum area reasonably necessary for the public service or use shall be encroached upon or disturbed.
(a) 
Should wetlands exist along the shoreline of a pond or lake, the wetland buffer described in § 148-53A(2) shall be implemented from the wetland boundary. The shoreline buffer shall be maintained for all lake and pond shorelines without adjacent wetlands.