Definitions.
DEVELOPMENT
Any man-made change to improved or unimproved real estate,
including but not limited to building or other structures, mining,
dredging, filling, grading, paving, excavation or drilling operations
or storage of equipment or materials. [US Code of Federal Regulations,
Title 44, Part 59]
FLOODWAY
The channel of the river, creek or other watercourse and the adjacent land areas that must be reserved in order to discharge the base flood without cumulatively increasing the water surface elevation more than a designated height. [Base Code - 2015 International Building Code, Chapter
2, Section 202]
FUNCTIONALLY DEPENDENT USE
A use which cannot perform its intended purpose unless it
is located or carried out in close proximity to water. The term includes
only docking facilities, port facilities that are necessary for the
loading and unloading of cargo or passengers, and ship building and
ship repair facilities, but does not include long-term storage or
related manufacturing facilities. [US Code of Federal Regulations,
Title 44, Part 59; also referenced Standard ASCE 24-14]
HIGHEST ADJACENT GRADE
The highest natural elevation of the ground surface prior
to construction next to the proposed walls of a structure. [US Code
of Federal Regulations, Title 44, Part 59]
HISTORIC STRUCTURE
Any structure that is: a) listed individually in the National
Register of Historic Places (a listing maintained by the Department
of Interior) or preliminarily determined by the Secretary of the Interior
as meeting the requirements for individual listing on the National
Register; b) certified or preliminarily determined by the Secretary
of the Interior as contributing to the historical significance of
a registered historic district or a district preliminarily determined
by the Secretary to qualify as a registered historic district; c)
individually listed on a state inventory of historic places in states
with historic preservation programs which have been approved by the
Secretary of the Interior; or d) individually listed on a local inventory
of historic places in communities with historic preservation programs
that have been certified either: 1) By an approved state program as
determined by the Secretary of the Interior or 2) Directly by the
Secretary of the Interior in states without approved programs. [US
Code of Federal Regulations, Title 44, Part 59]
NEW CONSTRUCTION
Structures for which the start of construction commenced
on or after the effective date of the Town's first Floodway and Floodplain
District Bylaw, including any subsequent improvements to such structures.
New construction includes work determined to be substantial improvement.
[Referenced Standard ASCE 24-14]
RECREATIONAL VEHICLE
A vehicle which is: a) built on a single chassis; b) 400
square feet or less when measured at the largest horizontal projection;
c) designed to be self-propelled or permanently towable by a light
duty truck; and d) designed primarily not for use as a permanent dwelling
but as temporary living quarters for recreational, camping, travel,
or seasonal use. [US Code of Federal Regulations, Title 44, Part 59]
SPECIAL FLOOD HAZARD AREA
The land area subject to flood hazards and shown on a Flood Insurance Rate Map or other flood hazard map as Zone A, AE, A1-30, A99, AR, AO, AH, V, VO, VE or V1-30. [Base Code - 2015 International Building Code, Chapter
2, Section 202]
START OF CONSTRUCTION
The date of issuance of a building permit for new construction and substantial improvements to existing structures, provided the actual start of construction, repair, reconstruction, rehabilitation, addition, placement or other improvement is within 180 days after the date of issuance. The actual start of construction means the first placement of permanent construction of a building (including a manufactured home) on a site, such as the pouring of a slab or footings, installation of pilings or construction of columns. Permanent construction does not include land preparation (such as clearing, excavation, grading or filling), the installation of streets or walkways, excavation for a basement, footings, piers or foundations, the erection of temporary forms or the installation of accessory buildings such as garages or sheds not occupied as dwelling units or not part of the main building. For a substantial improvement, the actual “start of construction” means the first alteration of any wall, ceiling, floor or other structural part of a building, whether or not that alteration affects the external dimensions of the building. [Base Code - 2015 International Building Code, Chapter
2, Section 202]
STRUCTURE
For floodplain management purposes, a walled and roofed building,
including a gas or liquid storage tank, that is principally above
ground, as well as a manufactured home. [US Code of Federal Regulations,
Title 44, Part 59]
SUBSTANTIAL REPAIR OF A FOUNDATION
When work to repair or replace a foundation results in the
repair or replacement of a portion of the foundation with a perimeter
along the base of the foundation that equals or exceeds 50% of the
perimeter of the base of the foundation measured in linear feet, or
repair or replacement of 50% of the piles, columns or piers of a pile,
column or pier supported foundation, the building official shall determine
it to be substantial repair of a foundation. Applications determined
by the building official to constitute substantial repair of a foundation
shall require all existing portions of the entire building or structure
to meet the requirements of 780 CMR. [As amended by 9th Edition of
Massachusetts State Building Code]
VARIANCE
A grant of relief by a community from the terms of a floodplain
management regulation. [US Code of Federal Regulations, Title 44,
Part 59]
VIOLATION
The failure of a structure or other development to be fully
compliant with the community's floodplain management regulations.
A structure or other development without the elevation certificate,
other certifications, or other evidence of compliance required in
U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 44, Part 60, § 60.3(b)(5),
(c)(4), (c)(10), (d)(3), (e)(2), (e)(4), or (e)(5) is presumed to
be in violation until such time as that documentation is provided.
[US Code of Federal Regulations, Title 44, Part 59]
ZONE A
An area of special flood hazard without water surface elevations
determined.
ZONE A99
Area of special flood hazard where enough progress has been
made on a protective system, such as dikes, dams, and levees, to consider
it complete for insurance rating purposes. (Flood elevations may not
be determined.)
ZONE AH
Areas of special flood hazards having shallow water depths
and/or unpredictable flow paths between (1) and (3) feet, and with
water surface elevations determined.
ZONE AO
Area of special flood hazards having shallow water depths
and/or unpredictable flow paths between (1) and (3) feet (Velocity
flow may be evident; such flooding is characterized by ponding or
sheet flow.)