The regulations of these districts are intended to encourage a suitable environment for the development of single-family neighborhoods and compatible and supportive recreational, institutional, and educational uses. The intent of the districts is to protect residential areas from the encroachment of uses that are not appropriate to a residential environment, and:
A. 
To encourage the construction of, and the continued use of, the land for single-family dwellings and appropriate agricultural activities including, in particular, equestrian activities;
B. 
To encourage the conservation and redevelopment of older neighborhoods where lots existing and of record do not conform fully to the standards of area and bulk required for modern residential subdivisions;
C. 
To discourage any land use that, because of its character and size, would create requirements and costs for public services, such as fire and police protection, public water supply and sewer systems, greater than such requirements and costs as would be obtained if the district were developed solely for single-family dwellings;
D. 
To discourage any land use that would generate more traffic on minor or local streets than traffic generated by the residents of those streets;
E. 
To prohibit business, commercial, or industrial use of land, and to prohibit any other use that would interfere with using the land for single-family dwellings and other appropriate uses, as set out in the districts.
A. 
Requirements applying to all single-family residential districts. Because of the wide range of residential lot sizes, and the need to adapt nonresidential functions within the single-family residential districts, the following general requirements are established to regulate land use in the single family residential districts while providing for the maximum benefit from and enjoyment of each land holding:
(1) 
Elevation above water table. No part of any inhabited structure, exclusive of footings, shall be less than 4 1/2 feet above the groundwater table as determined at that site.
(2) 
Septic system requirements. No septic tank outlet or tile field serving such structure shall be constructed less than 4 1/2 feet above the groundwater table, nor less than 100 feet from the ordinary high water mark of any lake, canal, stream, or outcropping of the water table, as a marsh, swamp, or spring.
B. 
Specific additional requirements applying to the LR-1 District. No dwelling shall be built in the LR-1 District unless the lot to be occupied by the dwelling meets the following requirements:
(1) 
All lots shall be of record on the date of enactment of this chapter.
(2) 
In the event that a lot within a subdivision plat of record that on the date of enactment of this subsection does not meet the minimum district regulations, the minimum lot width and setback requirements may be reduced by the same percentage as the difference between the area of the lot and the required LR-1 District minimum lot area in Table 11, provided that:
(a) 
No lot may be less than 35 feet in width.
(b) 
No side yard setback may be less than five feet.
(c) 
No rear yard may be less than 20 feet.
(d) 
No front yard may be less than 20 feet, or the average established setback of the houses on the same block, whichever is greater; however, no dwelling is required to be set back farther than the minimum front yard setback requirement in Table 11.
(3) 
If contiguous vacant lots are available for combination, and are owned in common with the original lot, then a proper lot combination shall be made to achieve or to bring the property closer to conformance with the minimum required lot size. Lots so combined that still do not meet the minimum district regulations may be granted the exemptions in Subsection B(2) above.
[Amended 2-16-2011 by Ord. No. 53; 9-21-2022 by Ord. No. Z-119]
The following abbreviations apply to the table of uses for the single-family residential districts:
P
Permitted use: land and/or buildings in this district may be used for the purposes listed by right.
SLU
Special land use permit: listed uses may be permitted by obtaining special land use approval, subject to the standards and procedures cited in Article XIII of this chapter.
TU
Temporary use approval when all applicable requirements cited in § 340-24 of this chapter are met.
NP
Not permitted.
Table 10: Table of Uses, Single-Family Residential Districts
RR
RS-1
RS-2/RS-2A
RS-3
RS-4
LR-1/
LR-2
Accessory Uses (See Article III of this chapter for specific regulations)
Accessory buildings or uses that are customarily incidental to any of the allowed principal uses
P
P
P
P
P
P
Equestrian facilities and private stables, subject to § 340-36
P
P
P
NP
NP
NP
Home occupations in accordance with Chapter 190
P
P
P
P
P
P
Keeping of livestock on nonfarm properties, subject to § 340-36
P
P
P
NP
NP
NP
Principal Uses
Single-family detached dwellings
P
P
P
P
P
P
Open space development
SLU
SLU
SLU
SLU
SLU
SLU
Places of worship
SLU
SLU
SLU
SLU
SLU
SLU
Parochial and private primary and secondary schools
SLU
SLU
SLU
SLU
SLU
SLU
Parks, parkways, scenic and recreational areas, and other public open space
P
P
P
P
P
P
Public buildings and facilities, including Township halls, fire and police stations and libraries, but not including publicly owned and operated warehouses, garages, or storage yards
P
P
P
P
NP
NP
Adult foster care family homes
P
P
P
P
P
P
Adult foster care small group home
SLU
SLU
SLU
NP
NP
NP
Family day-care homes
P
P
P
P
P
P
Group day-care homes
SLU
SLU
SLU
SLU
NP
NP
Private noncommercial recreational activities and institutional or community recreational centers
SLU
SLU
SLU
SLU
NP
NP
Public utility buildings, telephone exchange buildings, electric transformer stations, substations and gas regulator stations
SLU
SLU
SLU
SLU
SLU
SLU
Cemeteries
SLU
NP
NP
NP
NP
NP
Kennels, public/commercial
SLU
SLU
NP
NP
NP
NP
Museums
SLU
SLU
SLU
SLU
NP
NP
Bed-and-breakfast
SLU
SLU
SLU
SLU
SLU
SLU
Public/commercial stables
SLU
SLU
NP
NP
NP
NP
Horse shows of 20 or fewer participants
TU
TU
NP
NP
NP
NP
Horse shows of more than 20 participants1
TU
TU
NP
NP
NP
NP
NOTE:
1
Permitted only on properties with an approved public/commercial stable.
[Amended 12-17-2008; 9-16-2009; 2-17-2021 by Ord. No. Z-107; 9-21-2022 by Ord. No. Z-119]
No lot, principal building, or structure, nor the enlargement of any principal building or structure, shall be hereafter erected unless all of the following requirements are met and maintained in connection with the use of the lot, principal building, structure, or enlargement.
Table 11: Single-Family Residential District Regulations
RR
RS-1
RS-2
RS-2A
RS-3
RS-4
LR-1
LR-2
Minimum lot size
Area
10 acres
5 acres
3 acres
2 acres
1 acre
21,780 square feet
8,500 square feet
Without sewer
1 acre
With sewer
21,780 square feet
Width (feet)
330
330
200
175
150
150
50
Without sewer
200
With sewer
150
Maximum building height
In stories
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
In feet
45
45
35
35
35
35
301
35
Minimum front yard setback (feet)
50
50
50
50
50
50
30
50
Minimum side yard setback (feet)
One side
40
40
40
35
30
25
10
30
Total
100
100
100
90
70
50
20
70
Minimum rear yard setback (feet)
50
50
50
50
50
50
30
50
Minimum living area per unit (square feet)
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
900
1,200
Maximum lot coverage
N/R
N/R
N/R
35%
35%
35%
35%
35%
Waterfront setback from the ordinary high water mark (for any structure fronting on a lake, stream or any body of water) (feet)
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
NOTES:
1
Principal buildings within the LR-1 District shall have a maximum building height of 35 feet if the roof has a minimum roof pitch of 6:12.
General parking requirements are listed in Article XV of this chapter. Certain special land uses may have separate parking requirements listed in Article XIII of this chapter. The following specific requirements shall apply to all RS Districts:
Table 12: Parking Requirements, Single-Family Residential Districts
Use
Parking Requirement Spaces Per Unit of Measurement
Residential
Single-family detached dwellings
2 for each dwelling unit.
Institutional
Private and parochial elementary and junior high schools
1 for each teacher, employee, or administrator, plus 1 for each 3 seats in the auditorium
Private and parochial senior high schools
1 for each 1 teacher, employee, or administrator and 1 for each 10 students, plus 1 for each 3 seats in the auditorium
Establishment of new uses and expansion of existing uses are subject to the review requirements in Table 14:
Table 14: Review Requirements, Single-Family Residential Districts
Review Process
When Required
Applicable Article
Zoning compliance permit
All new construction
Article XVII
Additions and construction over 100 square feet to principal or accessory buildings
Plot plan
Single-family and two-family dwellings, farms
Article XIV
Preliminary site plan review
All permitted uses except single-family residences
Article XIV
All special land uses (concurrent with SLU review)
Final site plan review
All permitted uses, except farms and single-family residences, that have received preliminary site plan approval
Article XIV
All special land uses that have received preliminary site plan approval and special land use approval.
Special land uses
All special land uses in Table 10
Article XIII
Rezoning
To change the zoning district classification of property within the single-family residential districts
Article XVII
Variance
To vary from the dimensional requirements of the single-family residential districts
Article XVI