Village of Grantsburg, WI Article VII Design Standards

§ 582-43 General street design standards.

A. Compliance with statutes. In laying out a certified survey or subdivision, the subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) shall conform to the provisions of Ch. 236, Wis. Stats., and all applicable Village of Grantsburg regulations. In all cases where the requirements of this chapter are different from the requirements of Ch. 236, Wis. Stats., the more restrictive provision shall apply. (See also § 582-46D.)

B. Dedication. The subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) shall dedicate land and improve streets as provided in this article and § 582-27. Streets shall be located with due regard for topographical conditions, natural features, existing and proposed streets, utilities and land uses and public convenience and safety. Streets shall conform to official maps adopted by the Village Board. See also Subsection K, Access to public streets required.

C. Compliance with Comprehensive Plan and ordinances.

(1) Land development compliance with plans.

(a) The arrangement, character, features, and layout of land developments in the Village of Grantsburg shall be designed to comply with the standards of this chapter, the Comprehensive Plan, Official Map, and/or any comprehensive utility plans or other planning documents which may pertain to the standards of design for land divisions or land developments and which have been adopted by the Village Board.

(b) Where no such planning documents have been adopted, subdivision, certified survey map and condominium land developments shall be designed according to engineering and planning standards approved by the Village Engineer and applied so as to properly relate the proposed land development with adjacent development, the topography, natural features, public safety and convenience, and the most advantageous development of undeveloped adjacent lands. In the absence of a street being shown on the Official Map, streets shall be provided in locations determined necessary by the Village Engineer and to the right-of-way widths required in this article for the classification of street required.

(2) Street locations to comply with plans. The arrangement, character, extent, width, grade, and location of all streets shall conform to the Village Comprehensive Plan, the Official Map, and to this chapter and other Village planning documents and shall be considered in their relation to existing and planned streets, reasonable circulation of traffic, topographical conditions, runoff of stormwater, and public convenience and safety and in their appropriate relation to the proposed uses of the land to be served by such streets.

(3) Continuation. The arrangement of streets in new subdivisions shall make provision for the appropriate continuation at the same or greater width of the existing streets in adjoining areas.

D. Areas not covered by Official Map or Comprehensive Plan. In areas not covered by the Official Map or Village Comprehensive Plan, the layout of streets shall conform to the plan for the most advantageous development of adjoining areas of the neighborhood. Streets shall be designed and located in relation to existing and officially planned streets, topography and natural terrain, streams and lakes and existing tree growth, public convenience and safety and in their appropriate relation to the proposed use of the land to be served by such streets.

E. Proposed streets. Proposed streets shall extend to the boundary lines of the tract being subdivided unless prevented by topography or other physical conditions or unless, in the opinion of the Village Board, such extension is not necessary or desirable for the coordination of the layout of the subdivision or land division or for the advantageous development of the adjacent tracts.

F. Street classifications. Streets shall be required and classified by the Village Engineer, in accordance with the Village Comprehensive Plan and, where not identified in said plan, in accordance with sound engineering standards, into the classifications indicated below with the designated minimum widths:

(1) Arterial streets. Arterial streets shall be arranged so as to provide ready access to centers of employment, centers of governmental activity, community shopping areas, community recreation, and points beyond the boundaries of the community. They shall also be properly integrated with and related to the existing and proposed system of major streets and highways and shall be, insofar as practicable, continuous and in alignment with existing or planned streets with which they are to connect.

(2) Collector streets. Collector streets shall be arranged so as to provide ready collection of traffic from residential areas and conveyance of this traffic to the major street and highway system and shall be properly related to the mass transportation system, to special traffic generators such as schools, churches and shopping centers and other concentrations of population and to the major streets to which they connect.

(3) Minor streets. Minor streets shall be arranged to conform to the topography, to discourage use by through traffic, to permit the design of efficient storm and sanitary sewerage systems, and to require the minimum street area necessary to provide safe and convenient access to abutting property.

(4) Proposed streets. See Subsection E.

G. Arterial street and highway protection. Whenever the proposed subdivision contains or is adjacent to a major street or highway, adequate protection of residential properties, limitation of access and separation of through and local traffic shall be provided by reversed frontage, with screen planting contained in a non-access reservation along the rear property line, or by the use of frontage streets.

H. Reserve strips. Reserve strips, strips which prevent access to public streets, shall not be provided on any subdivision, certified survey map or condominium plan to control access to streets or alleys, except where control of such strips is placed with the Village under conditions approved by the Village Board.

I. Alleys; cul-de-sac streets.

(1) Commercial and industrial. Alleys may be provided in commercial and industrial districts. The width of the right-of-way for residential alleys shall be not less than 24 feet and the width of the right-of-way for commercial and industrial alleys shall be not less than 32 feet. Alleys shall be constructed according to base and surfacing requirements for streets.

(2) Residential. Alleys shall not be approved in residential areas unless necessary because of topography or other exceptional circumstances.

(3) Temporary street termination. Dead-end alleys are prohibited except under very unusual circumstances, and crooked and "T" alleys shall also be discouraged. Temporary dead-end streets shall not be over 1,000 feet in total length, shall provide for an eventual intersection spacing meeting the requirements of this chapter and shall provide for temporary culs-de-sac or turnarounds as approved by the Village Engineer. Temporary termination of streets intended to be extended at a later date shall be accomplished with a temporary cul-de-sac in accordance with the standards set forth below, or by construction of a temporary "T" intersection 33 feet in width and 33 feet in length abutting the right-of-way lines of the access street on each side.

(4) Design of cul-de-sac streets. Cul-de-sac streets designed to have one end permanently closed shall not exceed 750 feet in length. All urban cul-de-sac streets designed to have one end permanently closed shall terminate in a circular or tear-drop turnaround having a minimum right-of-way radius of 66 feet and a minimum outside curb radius of 51 feet to the face of the curb. The use of culs-de-sac shall be held to a minimum, and permanently dead-ended streets shall be prohibited.

J. Continuation. Streets shall be laid out to provide for possible continuation wherever topographic and other physical conditions permit. Provision shall be made so that all proposed streets shall have a direct connection with, or be continuous and in line with, existing, planned or platted streets with which they are to connect. See also Subsection E, Proposed streets.

K. Access to public streets required. The subdivision, certified survey map or condominium plat shall be so designed as to provide each lot with satisfactory access to a public street or road.

L. Frontage roads. Where a subdivision, certified survey map or condominium development abuts or contains an existing or proposed arterial highway or railroad right-of-way, the developer shall provide a frontage road, platted access restriction along the property contiguous to such highway, or such other treatment as may be determined necessary by the Village Engineer to ensure safe, efficient traffic flow and adequate protection of residential properties.

M. Private streets. Private streets shall not be approved nor shall public improvements be approved for any private street; all streets shall be dedicated for public use.

N. Tangents. A tangent at least 100 feet long shall be required between reverse curves on arterial and collector streets.

O. Visibility. Streets shall afford maximum visibility and safety for motorist, bicycle, and pedestrian use and shall intersect at right angles, where practicable. A minimum sight distance with clear visibility, measured along the center line, shall be provided of at least 500 feet on major thoroughfares, 200 feet on collector-distributor streets, and 150 feet on all other streets.

P. Intersections.

(1) Angle of intersect. Streets shall intersect each other at as nearly right angles as topography and other limiting factors of good design permit. A curved street shall intersect another street with not less than 15 feet of tangent right-of-way between the end of curvature and the right-of-way of the street being intersected.

(2) Number of streets converging. The number of streets converging at one intersection shall be reduced to a minimum, preferably not more than two. Cross-type intersections on local streets shall be avoided wherever possible in favor of T-type intersections. Intersections of local streets shall be at least 150 feet from each other.

(3) Number of intersections on arterial streets. The number of intersections along arterial streets shall be held to a minimum. Wherever practicable, the distance between such intersections shall be not less than 1,200 feet, unless otherwise determined by the Village Engineer to provide better safety.

(4) Local street spacing. Local streets and frontage roads intersecting with other local streets or collector streets shall, wherever practicable, be spaced no closer than 150 feet between right-of-way lines, nor closer than 250 feet to the right-of-way of an arterial street.

(5) Rounding of property lines at street intersections required. Property lines at street intersections may be rounded with a minimum radius of 15 feet, or of a greater radius when required by the Village Board, upon the recommendation of the Village Engineer, or shall be cut off by a straight line through the points of tangency of an arc having a radius of 15 feet.

(6) Continuation of local streets. Local streets shall not necessarily continue across arterial or collector streets, but if the center lines of such local streets approach the major streets from opposite sides within 250 feet of each other, measured along the center line of the arterial or collector streets, then the location shall be so adjusted that the adjoining across the major or collector street is continuous and a jog is avoided.

(7) Additional sight easements. At any intersection determined by the Village Engineer, restricted development easements or additional street right-of-way shall be platted to provide for adequate sight distances in every direction of travel. At a minimum, the subdivider shall grade, clear or otherwise provide for an unobstructed sight triangle at all intersections as provided in Chapter 595, Zoning, § 595-70 of this Code.

Q. Street names.

(1) Village approval. Street names shall be approved by the Village Board following the guidelines of this subsection.

(2) Continuation; conformance with street numbering. Where a street maintains the same general direction except for curvilinear changes for short distances, the same name shall continue for the entire length of the street. House numbering difficulties shall be considered the determining factor in considering whether a change of name is necessary due to curvilinear changes. A street name shall be changed when required to conform to the proposed or existing house numbering base.

(3) Future through streets. A name which is assigned to a street which is not presently a through street, due to intervening land over which the street extension is planned, shall be continued for the separate portions of the planned through street.

(4) Name guidelines. The following designations are guidelines for the naming of streets:

(a) "Boulevard." A street with a divided pavement, either existing or planned. If the divided pavement ends but the street continues, the same street name and suffix shall continue.

(b) "Lane." To be limited to a street, one block long, not ending in a cul-de-sac.

(c) "Circle." To be limited to a cul-de-sac of nine lots or more.

(d) "Court." To be limited to a cul-de-sac of eight lots or fewer.

(e) "Parkway." To be limited to a street abutting a park or greenway or creek.

(5) Culs-de-sac. The name of any projection of a street shall remain unchanged even if the projection terminates in a cul-de-sac.

(6) Preliminary name approvals. Approval of street names on a preliminary plat will not reserve the names nor shall the Village be required to accept such names at the time of final platting.

(7) Annexed lands. When a project area includes lands annexed to the Village and has a roadway with an existing name, the Village Board may rename the roadway to comply with Village street naming standards. The Village shall assign addresses to all existing parcels within the annexation area, including properties with preexisting addresses.

(8) Street name length. Street names shall have no fewer than three and no more than 12 characters. A space between two words is considered a character.

(9) Duplication. To eliminate potential confusion and delay of emergency responses, duplication of street names shall not be permitted. Roadways with the same name but different suffix designations shall be considered duplicate roadway names (e.g., "Oak Drive" and "Oak Lane" are duplicates).

(10) Similar and confusing spelling. To eliminate confusion, street names that are difficult to spell, have similar spelling, can be spelled several different ways or have phonetically confusing spelling shall not be approved (e.g., "Broome" vs. "Broom," spelled two different ways).

(11) Unconventional spelling. To avoid confusion and allow for accurate communication in emergency situations, unconventional spelling of words in roadway names shall be prohibited (e.g., "Wynd Chime Lane").

(12) Offensive or frivolous names. Roadway names that may be offensive (slang, double meanings, discriminatory, slanderous, etc.) will not be approved. Street names that could be considered frivolous or overly complicated will not be approved ("I Did It My Way").

(13) Vanity names. Roadway names that identify with a specific company, individual, family or private entity will not be approved unless it is demonstrated that such parties have made exceptional civic contributions to the community.

(14) Use of roadway type suffix or directional prefix words. Street names that include a directional prefix or the roadway type suffix as the roadway name or in the roadway name will not be approved (e.g., "Madison Court Drive" or "West Avenue").

(15) Punctuation. Punctuation is not permitted in roadway names (e.g., "New-World Court"). Names shall not include hyphens, apostrophes, or other non-letter characters.

R. Limited access highway and railroad right-of-way treatment. Whenever the proposed subdivision, certified survey map, or condominium contains or is adjacent to a limited access highway, arterial street or railroad right-of-way, the design shall provide the following treatment:

(1) Landscape bufferyard easement requirement. When lots within the proposed subdivision, certified survey map, or condominium back upon the right-of-way of an existing or proposed limited access highway or a railroad, a combined earthen berm (if topographically possible) and planting strip (landscape bufferyard easement) a minimum of 35 feet in depth shall be provided adjacent to the highway or railroad in addition to the normal lot depth. This strip shall be part of the platted lots but shall have the following restriction lettered on the face of the plat: "Landscape bufferyard easement: This strip reserved for the planting of trees and shrubs, the building of structures hereon prohibited."

(2) Streets serving commercial and industrial properties. Commercial and industrial properties shall have provided, on each side of the limited access highway, arterial street or railroad, streets approximately parallel to and at a suitable distance from such highway or railroad for the appropriate use of the land between such streets and highway or railroad, but not less than 150 feet.

(3) Streets parallel to a limited access highway right-of-way. Streets parallel to a limited access highway or railroad right-of-way, when intersecting a major street and highway or collector street which crosses said railroad or highway, shall be located at a minimum distance of 250 feet from said highway or railroad right-of-way. Such distance, where desirable and practicable, shall be determined with due consideration of the minimum distance required for the future separation of grades by means of appropriate approach gradients.

(4) Minor streets adjacent and parallel to railroads, arterial streets and highways. Minor streets immediately adjacent and parallel to railroad rights-of-way shall be avoided, and the location of minor streets immediately adjacent to arterial streets and highways and to railroad rights-of-way shall be avoided in residential areas.

S. Street and pedestrianway design standards. The minimum right-of-way and roadway width of all proposed streets shall be as specified by the Comprehensive Plan, Comprehensive Plan component, Official Map, neighborhood development study, or jurisdictional highway system plan, or if no width is specified therein, the minimum widths shall be as shown as follows. Street sections are for standard arterial, collector and minor streets only. Cross sections for freeways, expressways and parkways should be based upon detailed engineering studies. The type of street cross section to be used shall be determined by the Village Board, upon the recommendation of the Village Engineer, pursuant to the following general standards:

(1) Street cross sections — urban streets (curb and gutter).

Type of Street or Public Way	Minimum Right-of-Way To Be Dedicated	Minimum Dimensions
Arterial streets (four-lane)	120 feet	Dual 36-foot pavement (face of curb to face of curb)
		24-foot median
		7-foot tree banks (curb lawn)
		4-foot sidewalks
		1-foot outside sidewalks
Arterial streets (two-lane)	80 feet	48-foot pavement (face of curb to face of curb)
		10.5-foot tree banks (curb lawn)
		4-foot sidewalks
		1-foot outside sidewalks
Collector streets	66 feet	48-foot pavement (face of curb to face of curb)
		10.5-foot tree banks (curb lawn)
		4-foot sidewalks
		1-foot outside sidewalks
Minor streets	66 feet	36-foot pavement (face of curb to face of curb)
		9.5-foot tree banks (curb lawn)
		4-foot sidewalks
		1-foot outside sidewalks
Minimum cul-de-sac	66-foot radius	51-foot face of curb radius
		9.5-foot tree banks (curb lawn)
		4-foot sidewalks
		1-foot outside sidewalks
Cul-de-sac barrel	60 feet	32-foot pavement (face to curb to face of curb)
		8.5-foot tree banks (curb lawn)
		4-foot sidewalks
		1-foot outside sidewalks

(2) Street cross sections — rural streets.

Type of Street or Public Way	Minimum Right-of-Way To Be Dedicated	Minimum Dimensions
Arterial streets (four-lane)	120 feet	Dual 24-foot pavement
		18-foot median
		10-foot outside shoulders
		6-foot inside shoulder
		16-foot roadside ditches
Arterial streets (two-lane)	80 feet	24-foot pavement
		10-foot shoulders
		28-foot roadside ditches
Collector streets	80 feet	24-foot pavement
		10-foot shoulders
		28-foot roadside ditches
Minor streets	66 feet	22-foot pavement
		6-foot shoulders
		16-foot roadside ditches
Minimum cul-de-sac	60-foot radius	60-foot radius pavement
		5-foot shoulders
		16-foot roadside ditches
Cul-de-sac barrel	66 feet	22-foot pavement
		6-foot shoulders
		16-foot roadside ditches

§ 582-44 Specifications for construction and dedication of streets and roads.

A. General requirements.

(1) Construction standards.

(a) All roadway construction and materials used shall be performed in accordance with the construction methods as listed in the appropriate sections of the State of Wisconsin Department of Transportation Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction and its supplements, the Village of Grantsburg Engineering Guidelines (if such guidelines are adopted by the Village Board), and this chapter, whichever is more restrictive.

(b) The design requirements of this section and § 582-43 shall be applicable to all streets and roads that are to be dedicated to the Village of Grantsburg, regardless of whether such streets or roads are part of a new subdivision or land division.

(c) Design requirements for the pavement shall be adequate for the zoning classification of the area served by the subject street. A street which divides areas with different zoning classifications shall be constructed in accordance with the requirements of the area requiring the higher quality pavement. Any variation of this must have prior approval of the Village Engineer.

(d) Combination concrete curb and gutter is required on all streets, unless the Village Board has made an express exception to permit a rural-type street cross section with ditch drainage. [Refer to the Subsection G(16) below describing requirements for curbs and gutters.] A copy of all design assumptions and computations on which the proposed design is based shall be submitted to the Village Board.

(2) Project costs. All roadway surveys, dedications, plans and specifications and construction will be at the expense of the subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable). This includes any expense incurred by the Village in the preparation of plans and review and inspection of plans and construction.

(3) Preliminary consultation. Prior to the design, preparation and construction of any roadway to be dedicated to the Village of Grantsburg, the subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) shall notify the Village Engineer. An on-site meeting will then be arranged to be attended by the Village Engineer and the subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable). Plans must be provided in order for the Village Engineer to check the design and the drainage.

(4) Material slips. Copies of material slips for all materials furnished for the road construction projects shall be delivered to the Village before the Village approves the final construction.

(5) Required inspections. Prior to the commencement of any street construction, the subdivider shall notify the Village Engineer, at least one workday in advance, as to the nature of the work being done. The Village Engineer shall be contacted for required inspections before and after the following phases of construction; any deficiencies found by the Village Engineer shall be corrected before proceeding to the next phase of construction:

(a) Subbase grading;

(b) Crushed aggregate base course;

(c) Concrete gutters, curbs and sidewalks;

(d) Bituminous surface course; and

(e) Shouldering.

(6) Tests of materials. The Village of Grantsburg reserves the right to obtain a sample of the roadway base material prior to placement on the roadway for purposes of determining whether the material meets gradation and soundness requirements.

(7) Pavement samples. Samples of bituminous concrete may be taken by the Village during pavement construction operations for purposes of determining that the material meets specifications.

B. Roadway elevations; interval floods. Elevations of roadways passing through floodplain areas shall be designed in the following manner:

(1) Arterial streets. Freeways and arterial streets and highways shall be designed so they will not be overtopped by the one-hundred-year recurrence interval flood.

(2) Collector streets. Collector streets shall be designed so they will not be overtopped by the fifty-year recurrence interval flood.

(3) Local streets. Local streets shall be designed so they will not be overtopped by the twenty-five-year recurrence interval flood.

C. New and replacement bridges and culverts.

(1) Applicable standards. All new and replacement bridges shall be constructed in accordance with all applicable Wisconsin Statutes and state regulations and shall be submitted to the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources to ensure compliance therewith.

(2) Waterway bridges. All new and replacement bridges and culverts over perennial waterways, including pedestrian and other minor bridges, in addition to meeting other applicable requirements, shall be designed so as to accommodate the one-hundred-year recurrence interval flood event without raising the peak stage, either upstream or downstream, more than 0.01 foot above the peak stage for the one-hundred-year recurrence interval flood.

(a) Larger permissible flood stage increases may be acceptable for reaches having topographic land use conditions which could accommodate the increased stage without creating additional flood damage potential upstream or downstream of the proposed structure.

(b) Such bridges and culverts shall be so designed and constructed as to facilitate the passage of ice flows and other debris.

D. Street grades.

(1) Generally. Street grades shall be established wherever practicable so as to avoid excessive grading, the promiscuous removal of ground cover and tree growth, and general leveling of the topography.

(2) Changes in street grade. All changes in street grades shall be connected by vertical curves of a minimum length equivalent in feet to 15 times the algebraic difference in the rates of grade for arterial streets, and 1/2 this minimum for all other streets.

(3) Maximum center-line grades. Unless necessitated by exceptional topography and subject to the approval of the Village Board, upon the recommendation of the Village Engineer, the maximum center-line grade of any street or public way shall not exceed the following:

(a) Arterial and collector streets: 6%.

(b) Minor streets, alleys and frontage streets: 8%.

(c) Bicycle paths: 5% and meeting all applicable guidelines and standards promulgated by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) in its Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities, most recent addition.

(d) Pedestrianways: 8% and meeting all applicable Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Accessibility Guidelines.

(e) Equestrian trails: 8%.

(4) Minimum and maximum grades. The grade of any street shall in no case exceed 12% or be less than 0.5%.

E. Radii of curvature.

(1) Standards. When a continuous street center line deflects at any one point by more than 10°, a circular curve shall be introduced having a radius of curvature on said center line of not less than the following:

(a) Arterial streets and highways: 500 feet.

(b) Collector streets: 300 feet.

(c) Minor streets: 100 feet.

(d) Rural and suburban streets. May be less than 100 feet in environmentally sensitive areas as determined by the Village Board, upon the recommendation of the Plan Commission.

(2) Reverse curve tangents. A tangent at least 100 feet in length shall be provided between reverse curves on arterial and collector streets.

F. Half streets. Where an existing dedicated or platted half street is adjacent to the tract being subdivided by either a subdivision plat or certified survey map, the other half of the street shall be dedicated by the subdivider or condominium developer (as applicable). The platting of new half streets shall not be permitted.

G. Construction standards. All streets and highways constructed in the Village or to be dedicated to the Village shall fully comply with the following construction standards and shall be adequate for the zoning classification or projected use of the area served by the street:

(1) General requirements; building permit issuance. After completion of the underground utilities and approval thereof, the streets shall be constructed. Unless phasing of construction of improvements is approved by the Village Board or its designee, building permits shall not be issued prior to the installation of the street improvements and the approval of an individual lot grading plan that conforms to the guidelines of the master site grading plan, as determined by the Village Engineer, or his/her designee.

(2) Street rights-of-way. Streets shall have a right-of-way width as established on the Official Map or as designated in § 582-43S; provided, however, that a greater or lesser roadway width may be required by the Village Engineer where necessary to assure uniformity along the entire length of any street.

(3) Temporary streets. Construction of temporary streets shall require authorization of the Village Board, upon the recommendation of the Village Engineer.

(4) Standard street improvements.

(a) Standard street improvements shall include streetlights, concrete curb and gutter, base course, bituminous base course, bituminous surface course and, when required, walkways.

(b) The construction of standard street improvements can begin only when either:

[1] The underground utilities were installed in the previous construction season; or

[2] The construction of underground utilities included mechanical compaction and compaction tests have been approved by the Village Engineer.

(c) Upon obtaining the written approval of the Village Engineer, the subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) can proceed with the construction of the standard street improvements. Standard street improvements shall be installed to the boundary line of the subdivision unless the street culminates in a cul-de-sac, the topography or other physical conditions make it impossible to do so, or unless this requirement is waived, in writing, by the Village Engineer.

(5) Phasing or paving. Where he deems appropriate, the Village Engineer may require that pavement construction take place over a two year period, with the lower coat being placed in the same year as the underground utilities are constructed and with the upper coat being placed in the following year, after thorough cleaning and application of a tack coat to the first coat.

(6) Roadway base standards.

(a) After the installation of temporary block corner monuments by the subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) and approval of street grades by the Village Engineer, the subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) shall grade the full width of the right-of-way of all streets proposed to be dedicated in accordance with plans and standard specifications approved by the Village Board, upon the recommendation of the Village Engineer.

(b) Cut and filled lands shall be graded to a maximum slope of one on four or the soil's angle of repose, whichever is the lesser, and covered with permanent vegetation.

(c) Residential streets shall have a minimum eight-inch thick, compacted in place, crushed limestone aggregate base, Gradation No. 2, conforming to requirements of Section 304, Crushed Aggregate Base Course, of State of Wisconsin Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction, latest edition, which conforms to following gradation specifications:

Sieve Size (inches)	Percentage Passing by Weight
3	100%
2 1/2	90% to 100%
2	35% to 70%
1 1/2	0% to 15%
3/4	0% to 5%

(d) On commercial, arterial or other heavy-use streets, as determined by the Village Engineer, a ten-inch minimum depth crushed limestone aggregate base course, Gradation No. 2, shall be constructed upon an inspected and approved subgrade conforming to the specifications in Subsection G(6)(c) above.

(e) In the case of commercial, arterial or other heavy-use roads, the Village Board may, in the alternative to the above standards, have the Village Engineer provide specifications for such roads after researching the site(s) and conducting a soil analysis for separate pavement design analysis.

(f) In any case, the Village Board shall have the sole discretion in determining the use and construction classification to be adhered to.

(g) In all cases, the base course shall be compacted to the extent necessary to produce a condition so that there will be no appreciable displacement of material laterally and longitudinally under traffic and shall conform to line, grades and shape shown on the approved plans, profiles and cross sections.

(h) The subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) shall furnish drawings which indicate the proposed grades of streets shown on the plat and, after approval of those grades by the Village Engineer and adoption by the Village Board, the streets shall be graded to full width of the right-of-way of the proposed street to the subgrade elevations shown on the typical cross section.

(i) All stumps and trees which cannot be saved, boulders and other similar items shall be removed by the subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable).

(7) Roadway subgrade quality. If deemed necessary by the Village Engineer, tests may be required according to the following standards:

(a) All subgrade material shall meet standards required by the Village Engineer. Inferior subgrade material shall be removed and replaced with a suitable fill material, or the pavement must be designed to compensate for the soil conditions.

(b) Stable and nonorganic subbase material is required. All topsoil shall be first removed. In addition, all subsoils which have a high shrink-swell potential, low bearing capacity when wet, or are highly elastic shall be removed to a minimum depth of 15 inches below the top of the subgrade and used outside of the right-of-way. Where both subsoil and substratum have a high shrink-swell potential and low bearing capacity when wet, an underdrain system shall be installed to remove water from the subbase. Unstable and organic material must be sub cut, removed and replaced with a suitable granular material placed over a geotextile fabric laid on top of the subgrade. Granular material shall be approved by the Village Engineer. Geotextile material shall be Type SAS material.

(8) Roadway grading; ditches. Roads shall be graded to their full width in accordance with approved plans, plus an additional distance necessary to establish a back slope of 4:1 where ditches are allowed by the Village Board. The roadway shall be compacted and graded to a subgrade using, where necessary, approved fill material in accordance with Wisconsin Department of Transportation standards. Roadside ditches, where allowed by the Village, shall be a minimum of 26 inches below the finished roadway center-line elevation, or as approved by the Village Engineer. Debris may not be buried in the designated road right-of-way. Roadway ditches shall have a normal slope ratio of 3:1 ditch from the edge of the shoulder to the bottom of the ditch and 2:1 on the back slope.

(9) Pavement thickness.

(a) Residential and rural-type roads shall have a compacted hot-mix asphalt concrete pavement a minimum of 3 1/2 inches thick, placed in two layers, a binder course of two inches thick and a surface course of 1 1/2 inches.

(b) On commercial, arterial or other heavy-use roads, there shall be minimum of four inches of bituminous concrete pavement, placed in two layers, a binder course of 2 1/2 inches thick and a surface course of 1 1/2 inches thick.

(c) The binder course shall be placed initially upon completion of the utilities, and the surface course shall be placed within one year after the date the binder course was placed. Said surfacing shall be done in accordance with plans and standard specifications approved by the Village Board, upon the recommendation of the Village Engineer.

(d) In the case of commercial, arterial or other heavy-use roads, the Village Board may, in the alternative to the above standards, have the Village Engineer provide specifications for paving such roads with a greater thickness after researching the site(s) and conducting a soil analysis. In any case, the Village Board shall have the sole discretion in determining the use and construction classification to be adhered to. In no event shall paving occur later than 18 months from the Village's approval of the final plat or certified survey map.

(e) All subsequent shouldering where ditches are allowed shall be brought to even grade with bituminous mat.

(10) Shoulder width on rural profile streets.

(a) A shoulder a minimum of four feet wide on each side of the road is required where curb and gutter is not used, and wider when required by the Village Engineer or the Town road standards as noted in § 82.50, Wis. Stats.

(b) Where ditches are allowed by the Village Board, road shoulders shall have a minimum thickness of 2 1/2 inches of compacted in-place crushed state-approved aggregate base course, over a minimum six inches of compacted in-place crushed state-approved aggregate base course, except that shoulder thickness shall match the thickness of the pavement, provided that there is a minimum shoulder thickness of six inches.

(11) Roadway culverts and bridges.

(a) Roadway culverts and bridges shall be constructed as directed by the Village Engineer and sized utilizing the methods listed in Chapter 13, Drainage, of the Wisconsin Department of Transportation's Facilities Development Manual. All roadway culverts shall be provided with concrete or metal apron end walls.

(b) The subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) shall provide adequate facilities to provide surface water drainage as well as free flow outlets for subsurface drain tile where they are required. Where drainage facilities will aid in road construction and the stabilization of the road's subgrade, drainage facilities shall be installed before road construction is started.

(12) Driveways.

(a) Curbs shall not be interrupted by openings for driveways or other accessways to private property unless the number and location of such interruptions have been approved.

(b) Driveway specifications shall be prescribed in Chapter 267, Driveways, of this Code.

(c) Driveway culverts shall be sized by the Director of Public Works or Village Engineer (if appropriate). The culverts shall be placed in the ditch line at elevations that will assure proper drainage, and they shall be provided with concrete, metal or landscape timber end walls. Driveway culverts shall be installed as prescribed in Chapter 267 of this Code of Ordinances.

(13) Topsoil, grass, seed, fertilizer and mulch. All disturbed areas (ditches, back slopes) within the road right-of-way not provided with pavement and shouldering material shall be restored utilizing four inches of topsoil and good quality grass seed, fertilizer and mulch. Ditches along the roadway shall be protected by erosion control materials such as hay bales, sod, erosion control mats, etc.

(14) Drainage improvements. In the case of all new roads and streets, the Village Engineer may require that stormwater retention areas and storm sewers be constructed in order to provide for proper drainage.

(15) Continuity and transitions.

(a) All street pavement widths on streets continued from previously developed or platted streets shall, wherever practical, provide for the greater of either the existing or required pavement type, width, grade and cross slope.

(b) Where it is necessary to provide for a transition of pavement width and/or type between new and existing streets, the transition shall occur in a safe manner at an intersection. In the event a transition in pavement width cannot safely occur at an intersection, it shall not occur closer than 250 feet to the intersection of right-of-way lines. In width transitions, the ratio of the transition length to width shall not be less than 15:1 unless the Village Engineer determines that special circumstances prevent use of such ratio, in which case the minimum transition ratio shall be 10:1.

(16) Curb and gutter. Combination concrete curb and gutter is required on all streets, except where the Village Board has made an express exception to permit a rural-type street cross section with ditch drainage. See § 582-31 of this chapter. The standards of § 582-27 shall also be complied with.

(17) Post-construction traffic limited. No vehicular traffic shall be permitted on the pavement for a minimum period of between 24 and 72 hours following paving, as determined necessary by the Village Engineer to protect the new pavement.

H. Final inspection. Upon completion of proposed streets, the Village Engineer will proceed to make a final inspection, accepting or rejecting the street as the case may be. After all of the provisions of this chapter have been complied with, the street will be inspected by Village officials and, at that time, proof will be made by the presenting of waivers of liens or receipted bills that all work that has been done has been paid for, or arrangements have been made for the payment through written instrument by the subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable). If the street is rejected, corrections shall be made as required by the Village Board, upon the Village Engineer's recommendation, before final inspection can then be made again. If final acceptance is then made, the owner or owners shall dedicate to the Village all land necessary for streets. The subdivider shall warranty the fitness of street improvements for one year after construction.

§ 582-45 Block design standards.

A. Length; arrangement. The lengths, widths and shapes of blocks shall be appropriate for the topography and the type of development contemplated, but block length (measured in the long dimension from street center line to street center line) shall not be less than 600 feet nor exceed 1,500 feet nor have less than sufficient width to provide for two tiers of lots of appropriate depth between street lines. A block shall be so designated as to provide two tiers of lots, unless it adjoins a railroad, major thoroughfare, river or park where it may have a single tier of lots. Culs-de-sac may be used where the interblock spacing of adjacent streets exceeds the appropriate depth of two tiers of lots.

B. Pedestrian pathways. Pedestrian pathway easements not less than 10 feet wide may be required by the Village Board through the center of a block more than 900 feet long, where deemed essential to provide circulation or access to schools, playgrounds, shopping centers, transportation and other community facilities.

C. Sidewalks. Sidewalks shall be constructed according to the standards in Chapter 464, Streets and Sidewalks, of this Code of Ordinances. See § 582-29 of this chapter.

§ 582-46 Lot design standards.

The size, shape, and orientation of lots shall be appropriate for the location of the subdivision or certified survey map development and for the type of development and use contemplated. The lots shall be designed to provide an aesthetically pleasing building site and a proper architectural setting for the building contemplated. In addition:

A. Area and dimensional requirements of lots.

(1) Area and dimensions of all lots shall conform to the requirements of the Village of Grantsburg Zoning Code for subdivisions within the Village and to the Extraterritorial Zoning Code (if created) for lands within the Village's extraterritorial jurisdictional limits.

(2) Lots shall contain sufficient area to permit compliance with all required zoning setbacks.

B. Depth of lots. Excessive depth in relation to width shall be avoided and a proportion of 3:2 shall be considered a desirable ratio under normal conditions. Depth of lots or parcels reserved or laid out for commercial or industrial use shall be adequate to provide for off-street service and parking required by the use contemplated.

C. Width of lots. Width of lots shall conform to the requirements of the Village Zoning Code, or other applicable ordinance, and in no case shall a lot be less than 80 feet in width at the building setback line.

D. Minimum lot frontage. In addition to the standards in Subsection C above, all lots on curved streets or culs-de-sac shall have a minimum of 40 feet of platted frontage on a public street (100 feet at the building setback line) to allow access by emergency and service motor vehicles unless part of a planned unit development approved by the Village Board. Alley frontage (public or private) shall not constitute meeting this minimum frontage requirement.

E. Land lying between meander line and the water's edge. Land lying between the meander line and the water's edge and any otherwise unplattable lands which lie between a proposed subdivision and the water's edge shall be included as part of lots, outlots or public dedications in any plat abutting a lake or stream.

F. Commercial or industrial lots. Depth and width of properties reserved or laid out for commercial or industrial purposes shall be adequate to provide for the off-street service and parking facilities required by the type of use and development contemplated, as required by the Village Zoning Code.

G. Lots where abutting arterial highway. Residential lots adjacent to major and minor arterial streets and highways and/or railroads shall be platted with an extra 15 feet of lot and an extra 15 feet of minimum yard setback and shall otherwise be designed to alleviate the adverse effects on residential adjacent lots platted to the major street, highway, railroad or other such features.

H. Corner lots. Corner lots for residential use shall have extra width of 15 feet to permit full building setback from both streets, or as required by applicable zoning regulations.

I. Building setback lines. Building setback lines appropriate to the location and type of development contemplated, which are more restrictive than the regulation of the zoning district in which the subdivision, certified survey map, or condominium is located, may be required by the Village Board, upon the recommendation of the Plan Commission, and shall be shown on the final plat, certified survey map, and condominium plat. This provision includes requiring greater setbacks on cul-de-sac lots to achieve the necessary lot width at the setback line; requiring greater setbacks to conform to setbacks of existing adjacent development; requiring greater setbacks to accommodate a unique design; requiring greater setbacks to avoid placing buildings within easements or vision clearance triangles; setting special yard requirements to protect natural resources; or requiring greater setbacks along arterial streets and highways to meet the requirements of Ch. Trans 233, Wis. Adm. Code.

J. Double and reversed frontage lots. Double frontage and reversed frontage lots shall be avoided except where necessary to provide separation of residential development from traffic arteries or to overcome specific disadvantages of topography and orientation.

K. Natural features. In the dividing of any land, regard shall be shown for all natural features, such as tree growth, watercourses, historic spots or similar conditions which, if preserved, will add attractiveness and stability to the proposed development.

L. Land remnants. All remnants of lots below minimum size left over after dividing of a larger tract must be added to adjacent lots or a plan shown as to future use rather than allowed to remain as unusable parcels.

M. Redivision of large lots. In case a tract is divided and results in parcels of more than twice the minimum lot size provided for by the Village Zoning Code for the zoning district in which the land is located, such parcels shall be so arranged to permit redividing into parcels in accordance with this chapter and with the Village Zoning Code.

N. Trunk highway proximity. All lots adjacent to state trunk and federal highways shall be platted with additional depth necessary to provide for a building setback line not less than 50 feet from the nearer right-of-way line or 110 feet from the center line, whichever is more restrictive (see Ch. Trans 233, Wis. Adm. Code). The subdivider may appeal this requirement to the Village Engineer. Upon written request of the Village Engineer; the Wisconsin Department of Transportation is hereby authorized to then determine building setback requirements equal to or less than those required above in all land divisions (including certified surveys) adjacent to state and federal highways in accordance with the authority granted in the Administrative Code. The required building setback line and additional lot depth shall be platted so as to accommodate such required building setbacks.

O. Easement allowance. Lots containing pedestrian or drainage easements shall be platted to include additional width in allowance for the easement.

P. Drainageway and watercourses. Lots abutting upon a watercourse, drainageway, channel or stream shall have such additional depth as required by the Village Engineer to obtain building sites that are not subject to flooding from a post-development one-hundred-year storm.

Q. Flag lots. Creation of flag lots is prohibited.

R. Restrictions prohibiting development. Whenever a lot appearing on a final plat, condominium plat, or certified survey map is not intended to be buildable, or is intended to be buildable only upon certain conditions, an express restriction to that effect, running with the land and enforceable by the Village, shall appear on the face of the plat or map.

§ 582-47 Drainage and stormwater management system.

A. Purpose.

(1) The subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) shall construct stormwater drainage facilities adequate to serve the subdivision which may include curbs and gutters, catch basins and inlets, storm sewers, road ditches, open channels, water retention structures and settling basins. All such facilities shall be of adequate size and grade to hydraulically accommodate the maximum potential volumes of flow and shall be so designed as to prevent and control soil erosion and sedimentation and to present no hazards to life or property.

(2) Shoreland drainage facilities shall, if required, include water retention structures and settling basins so as to prevent erosion and sedimentation where such facilities discharge into streams or lakes. The design criteria, the size, type, grades and installation of all stormwater drains and sewers and other cross-section, invert and erosion control paving check dams, flumes or other energy-dissipating structures and seeding and/or sodding of open channels and unpaved road ditches proposed to be constructed shall be in accordance with the plans and standard specifications approved by the Village Engineer.

(3) The subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) shall assume the cost of installing all storm sewers of 36 inches or smaller within the proposed subdivision, except for the added cost of installing storm sewers greater than 36 inches which are necessary to serve tributary drainage areas lying outside of the proposed subdivision. In addition, the subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) shall pay to the Village a storm sewer trunk line connection fee based on the added cost of installing larger sewers in the total tributary drainage area which shall be prorated in proportion to the ratio which the total area of the proposed plat is to the total drainage area to be served by such larger sewers.

(4) The following provisions in this section are established to preserve and provide properly located public sites and facilities for drainage and stormwater management as the community develops, and to ensure that the costs of providing and developing such public sites are equitably apportioned on the basis of serving the need for the management of increased stormwater quantities resulting from land development.

B. Drainage system required. As required by § 582-31, a drainage system shall be designed and constructed by the subdivider to provide for the proper drainage of the surface water of the land division and the drainage area of which it is a part. Post-development peak runoff rates shall be limited to pre-development levels, up to and including twenty-five-year return period storms. A final plat or condominium plan shall not be approved until the subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) shall submit plans, profiles and specifications as specified in this section, which have been prepared by a registered professional engineer and approved or modified by the Village Board, upon the recommendations of the Plan Commission and/or Village Engineer.

C. Drainage plan information. In addition to the requirements of any other applicable stormwater runoff regulations, the final drainage plan shall contain the following information:

(1) Scale, North point and date of preparation.

(2) The number of acres draining into the land development and the number of acres in the subdivision.

(3) Lot numbers corresponding to the plat.

(4) Direction of flow indicated by arrows on all lot lines, grades along lot lines, elevations of break points along lot lines, and the distance from the nearest lot corner in the break point.

(5) Easements which shall be on the final plat.

(6) Contour information shall be provided in the drainage plan at vertical intervals of not more than two feet, where the slope is less than 10%. All elevations shall be based on the verified datum plan of the United States Geological Survey (USGS).

(7) Reference to an established USGS benchmark.

(8) Acres to be filled showing the depth of fill, existing elevation and proposed elevation.

(9) Typical proposed street and ditch cross sections.

(10) All culvert sizes, where applicable.

(11) Where a development is to be serviced by a storm sewer or sump pump shallow collector sewer, the size of pipe, proposed elevations, discharge points, inlets and lateral size shall be indicated.

(12) Area where water is to be discharged from the land development and the proposed amount of discharge. Where required by state, federal, county or local regulations, detention facilities shall be specified with a designation and description of impact on surface water discharge.

(13) The final grade elevations and grade of the drainageways in percent slope shall be provided along the front, rear and side yard lot lines. Each lot shall have an established grade identified at each corner of the lot or parcel and at any change in grade or slope along the front, rear and side yard lot lines and for the ground grade at the foundation.

(14) The land development shall note on the final plat that the Village of Grantsburg requires the maintenance of lot drainage plans on a permanent basis. Said recording shall have the effect of deed restrictions requiring that permanent lawns be established in conformance with the lot drainage plan elevations within one year after initial occupancy of any house. Restrictions shall further provide that failure to maintain grades in accordance with stormwater or drainage plans shall entitle the Village or its representatives thereof to direct compliance or upon failure of compliance to make said lands come into compliance. The costs and expenses shall be entered on the tax roll as a special charge against the property and collected with other taxes levied thereon.

(15) The deed restrictions noted on the final plat shall include notice that building permits and occupancy permits may be withheld for noncompliance with the plat or Village ordinance(s) as follows:

(a) In the event that the surface drainage facilities required by the plat which are applicable to the lot for which a building permit has been applied for have not been complied with, the Building Inspector may withhold building permits required by the Village of Grantsburg Building Code.[1]

[1] Editor's Note: See Ch. 225, Building Construction.

(b) In the event that after construction there is a failure to establish surface grades in accordance with the subdivision surface water plan, the Building Inspector may withhold the occupancy permit required by the Village of Grantsburg Building Code.

(16) Any other information which shall be required by the Village of Grantsburg.

D. Final drainage plan transparency. A reproducible transparency of the final drainage plan shall be supplied to the Village prior to the approval of the final plat.

E. Storm inlet restrictive covenants.

(1) Where the final drainage plan requires a storm inlet to adequately drain the rear portion of lots within blocks of the land development, the subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) shall incorporate restrictive covenants in the deeds for the aforementioned lots that the respective lot owners shall be responsible for maintaining a clear grate on the aforementioned storm drainage inlets. The subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) shall also incorporate restrictive covenants in the deeds of any parcel abutting any drainageway/easement specified in the plat requiring the maintenance of grades and providing notice that the owner shall be subject to assessments necessary to remedy encroachments and obstructions by said lot owner.

(2) The restrictive covenants in the deeds and as noted on the face of the plat shall notify the owner of any parcel within the land development that the lot or parcel shall also be subject to special assessments for any and all work necessary to maintain the final drainage plan in accordance with the specifications of the plat.

F. Grading. The subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) shall grade each subdivision in order to establish street, block and lot grades in proper relation to each other and to topography as follows:

(1) The subdivider shall grade the full width of the right-of-way of all proposed streets in accordance with the approved plans.

(2) Block grading shall be completed by one or one of the following methods:

(a) A ridge may be constructed along the rear lot lines which provides for drainage onto the streets.

(b) Parts of all lots may be graded to provide for drainage to the street or to a ditch along the rear lot line.

(c) Draining across rear or side lot lines may be permitted provided that drainage onto adjoining properties is skillfully controlled.

G. Drainage system requirements. The subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) shall install all the storm drainage facilities indicated on the plans required in Subsection A of this section necessary to serve, and resulting from, the phase of the land division under development.

(1) Street drainage. All streets shall be provided with an adequate storm drainage system. The street storm system shall serve as the minor drainage system and shall be designed to carry street, adjacent land and building stormwater drainage. Stormwater shall not be permitted to be run into the sanitary sewer system within the proposed subdivision.

(2) Off-street drainage. The design of the off-street major drainage system shall include the entire watershed affecting the land division and shall be extended to a watercourse or ditch adequate to receive the storm drainage. When the drainage system is outside of the street right-of-way, the subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) shall make provisions for dedicating an easement to the Village to provide for the future maintenance of said system, per Subsection I of this section.

H. Protection of drainage systems. The subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) shall adequately protect all ditches to the satisfaction of the Village Engineer. Ditches and open channels shall be seeded, sodded or paved depending upon grades and soil types. (Generally ditches or channels with grades up to 1% shall be seeded, those with grades up to 4% shall be sodded, and those with grades over 4% shall be paved.)

I. Drainage easements.

(1) Where a subdivision, certified survey map or condominium project is traversed by a watercourse, drainageway, channel or stream:

(a) There shall be provided a stormwater easement or drainage right-of-way conforming substantially to the lines of such watercourse and such further width or construction, or both, as will be adequate for the purpose and as may be necessary to comply with this section; or

(b) The watercourse, drainageway, channel or stream may be relocated in such a manner that the maintenance of adequate drainage will be assured and the same provided with a stormwater easement or drainage right-of-way conforming to the lines of the relocated watercourse and such further width or construction, or both, as will be adequate for the purpose and as may be necessary to comply with this section.

(2) Wherever possible, drainage shall be maintained in an easement by an open channel with landscaped banks and adequate width for maximum potential volume of flow. In all cases, such easements shall be of a minimum width established at the high-water mark or, in the absence of such specification, not less than 30 feet.

J. Dedication of drainageways.

(1) Whenever a parcel is to be subdivided or consolidated and embraces any part of a drainageway identified on the Village Comprehensive Stormwater Management Plan, Comprehensive Plan and/or Official Map or any portion thereof, such part of said existing or proposed public drainageway shall be platted and dedicated by the subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) as an easement or right-of-way in the location and at the size indicated along with all other streets and public ways. Maintenance arrangements shall be as prescribed in Subsection M below.

(2) Whenever any parcel is to be subdivided or consolidated and is part of a drainage district established under the authority of Ch. 88, Wis. Stats., the subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) shall petition the Circuit Court to transfer the jurisdiction of that portion of the drainage district being subdivided or consolidated to the Village in accordance with § 88.83, Wis. Stats.

K. Dedication/preservation of stormwater management facilities. The subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) shall dedicate sufficient land area for the storage of stormwater to meet the needs to be created by the proposed land development and in accordance with the standards for on-site detention and as determined by the Village Engineer. Whenever a proposed stormwater management facility (e.g., detention or retention basin) shown on the Comprehensive Stormwater Management Plan, Comprehensive Plan and/or Official Map is located, in whole or in part, within the proposed land division, ground areas for providing the required storage capacity in such proposed facility shall be dedicated to the public or property owners' association, as determined by the Village, to the requirements of the Comprehensive Plan and/or Official Map. Storage areas necessary to serve areas outside the land division shall be held in reserve for a period of five years from the date of final plat approval for future dedication to the Village or other appropriate agency.

L. Storm drainage facilities.

(1) The subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable), at his cost, shall install all drainage facilities identified in the erosion control plan or determined by the Village Engineer as being necessary for the management of all lands and roadways within the development. In addition, drainage capacity through the development from other areas shall be provided in accordance with a comprehensive surface water management study, if applicable. All required storm drainage facilities shall be constructed and operational prior to acceptance of any dedications and/or public improvements served by the storm drainage facilities.

(2) The subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) shall submit to the Village Engineer for his review and approval a report on the ability of existing watercourse channels, storm sewers, culverts and other improvements pertaining to drainage or flood control within the land division to handle the additional runoff which would be generated by the development of the land within the land division. Additional information shall be submitted to adequately indicate that provision has been made for disposal of surface water without any damage to the developed or undeveloped land downstream or below the proposed land division. The report shall also include:

(a) Estimates of the quantity of stormwater entering the land division naturally from areas outside the land division.

(b) Quantities of flow at each inlet or culvert.

(c) Location, sizes and grades of required culverts, storm drainage sewers and other required appurtenances.

(3) A grading plan for the streets, blocks and lots shall be submitted by the subdivider for the area within the land division.

(4) The design criteria for storm drainage systems shall be reviewed by the Village Engineer and approved or modified.

(5) Material and construction specifications for all drainage projects (i.e., pipe, culverts, seed, sod, etc.) shall be in compliance with standards and specifications provided by Village ordinance and/or the Village Engineer.

M. Maintenance agreement.

(1) A maintenance agreement shall be required between the Village and the subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable). The agreement shall be recorded as a property deed restriction by the subdivider with the County Register of Deeds in a form which shall be binding upon all subsequent owners of land covered by the agreement. Such agreement shall assign ongoing responsibility for maintenance and repair of the stormwater management system, including detention/retention facilities and drainageways, to a homeowners', property owners' or condominium association. Prior to final plat approval, the subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) shall submit to the Village for its approval an ongoing maintenance and mowing plan for such facilities, which shall be incorporated by reference into all approvals and development agreements. In the alternative, if unique circumstances or a special benefit to the public can be demonstrated, such ownership and maintenance responsibility may be assumed by the Village of Grantsburg.

(2) If the Village at any time finds that the stormwater management measures constructed in accordance with the system plan are not being properly maintained, or if altered in any way from the location, configuration and capacity of the measures specified in the approved plan, the Village shall have the right to undertake the needed maintenance or repair. This right shall include the right to enter onto private property as necessary to carry out the needed maintenance or repair. The cost of such maintenance or repair shall be levied as a special assessment or special charge against the properties concerned. The special charge or assessment shall be collectible in the same manner as all other special assessments/charges levied by the Village of Grantsburg.

N. Minor drainage system. The subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) shall install all minor drainage system components necessary to reduce inconvenience and damages from frequent storms. Minor drainage components shall include all inlets, piping, gutters, channels, ditching, pumping and other facilities designed to accommodate the post-development runoff resulting from a ten-year, twenty-four-hour rainfall event as determined in the most current edition of the Natural Resources Conservation Service Technical Release 55 (TR-55) or the Rational Method. Temporary accumulations of storm runoff from ponding or flowing water, in or near minor system components, shall be permitted, provided that such accumulations do not allow the water to flow across the crown of the street from one side to the other. For arterial streets and streets located in commercial districts, ponding within normal traffic lanes (10 feet on each side of the center line of the street) is prohibited. In drainageways and drainageway easements, accumulations of water shall not inundate beyond the limits of the drainageway or drainageway easement. Cross-street drainage channels (valley gutters) shall not be permitted except on cul-de-sac or permanent dead-end streets serving fewer than 10 dwelling units and where the minimum grade in the valley gutter and street gutter between the valley gutter and the next downstream drainage inlet is not less than 1%.

O. Major drainage system. The subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) shall install all major drainage system components necessary to reduce inconvenience and damage from infrequent storms. Major system components shall include large channels and drainageways, streets, easements and other paths and shall be capable of accommodating post-development runoff in excess of that accommodated by minor system components resulting from twenty-four-hour rainfall events for storms with return frequencies greater than two years up to and including the one-hundred-year return event (as identified in TR-55). Runoff resulting from a one-hundred-year, twenty-four-hour rainfall event shall be contained within the street right-of-way or designated storm drainage easement or detention facility.

P. Drainage piping systems.

(1) Unless otherwise approved by the Village Engineer, all drainage piping of 12 inches in diameter and greater in street rights-of-way shall be constructed of Class Three reinforced concrete or PVC pipe. Piping materials outside of rights-of-way shall be subject to approval of the Village Engineer. All storm sewer outlets shall be equipped with steel bar or iron pipe debris gates.

(2) Agricultural drain tiles which are disturbed during construction shall be restored, reconnected or connected to public storm drainage facilities.

Q. Open channel systems.

(1) Unless recommended otherwise by the Village Engineer, unpaved road ditches and street gutters shall be permitted only within the Village's extraterritorial plat approval jurisdictional area and shall be shaped and seeded and/or sodded as grassed waterways. Where the velocity of flow is in excess of four feet per second on soils having a severe or very severe erosion hazard and in excess of six feet per second on soils having moderate, slight, or very slight erosion hazard, the subdivider shall install check dams, flumes, or other energy-dissipating devices.

(2) Where open channels are utilized in either the minor or major drainage system, they shall be designed so as to minimize maintenance requirements and maximize safety. Drainage easements (in lieu of dedications) shall be utilized to accommodate open channels providing adequate access by the Village for maintenance of drainage capacity. Side slopes shall not exceed a slope of 4:1. Drainageways, where subject to high groundwater, continuous flows, or other conditions as determined by the Village Engineer that would hamper maintenance operations due to consistently wet conditions, shall have a paved concrete invert of not less than eight feet wide and side slopes to a point one foot above the channel invert.

(3) In areas where invert paving is not required, the drainageway bottom shall be grass. If the drainageway has a bare soil bottom or the natural grasses in the drainageway are disturbed due to development operations, the drainageway bottom shall be sodded and securely staked to one foot above the elevation of inundation resulting from a pre-development five-year, twenty-four-hour storm event. Other disturbed areas shall be seeded and prepared in accordance with the Village's erosion control requirements. Velocities for grass-lined channels shall not exceed those presented in the Village's surface water management study, if one is adopted.

R. Standards for on-site detention. When the subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) employs on-site detention to control erosion and sedimentation, reduce the post-development peak runoff rate or temporarily store stormwater runoff due to inadequate downstream drainage facilities, the detention (storage) facilities shall be subject to regulation in accordance with the following standards:

(1) Temporary on-site detention for erosion and sedimentation control shall be designed in conformance with the Wisconsin Construction Site Best Management Practices Handbook.

(2) Where on-site detention is permanently employed to reduce the post-development peak runoff, the detention facility shall safely contain the post-development runoff from a twenty-five-year storm event of twenty-four-hour duration within the limits of the facility.

(3) Post-development peak runoff rates shall be limited to pre-development levels, up to and including twenty-five-year return period storms. Curve numbers of 30, 58, 71 and 78 for Hydrologic Soil Groups A, B, C and D, respectively, shall be used when computing pre-development runoff rates.

(4) All detention facilities shall safely contain or pass the runoff from any storm of any duration which exceeds the maximum storm required to be contained up to the one-hundred-year storm event of twenty-four-hour duration.

(5) All permanent detention facilities shall safely contain the runoff from the one-hundred-year storm event of twenty-four-hour duration on both public and, if necessary, private properties without inundating any building at the ground elevation, the travel lanes of any arterial street, the center 10 feet of any collector street or the top of the curb on any local street.

(6) Determination of on-site detention volumes shall be computed by procedures established by the United States Natural Resources Conservation Service in the most current edition of its technical publication titled "Urban Hydrology for Small Watersheds, TR-55 or TR-20," and as accepted and approved by the Village Engineer.

(7) The storage of stormwater runoff shall not encroach on any public park (except parks designed with detention facilities) or any private lands outside the land division unless an easement providing for such storage has been approved and recorded for said lands.

(8) All detention facilities shall be designed with the safety of the general public and any considerations for ease of maintenance as top properties.

(9) Any wet detention facilities shall include riprap to not less than two feet above the normal pool elevation for protection from wave action, or other slope stabilization methods approved by the Village Engineer for protection from wave action.

(10) The sides of all detention facilities shall have a maximum slope ratio of 4:1 (horizontal to vertical), with flatter slopes being required where determined practical by the Village Engineer.

(11) The Village Board, upon recommendation by the Village Engineer, may require the installation of fencing or other such security measures in detention facilities with excessively long down times or permanent water features, or other features requiring additional security for safety reasons.

§ 582-48 Nonresidential subdivisions.

A. General.

(1) If a proposed subdivision, certified survey or condominium project includes land that is zoned for commercial or industrial purposes, the layout of the subdivision with respect to such land shall make such provisions as the Village may require.

(2) A nonresidential subdivision shall also be subject to all the requirements for site plan approval set forth in the Village Building or Zoning Code. A nonresidential subdivision shall be subject to all the requirements of this chapter, as well as such additional standards required by the Village, and shall conform to the proposed land use standards established by the Village Comprehensive Plan or Official Map and the Village Zoning Code.

B. Standards. In addition to the principles and standards in this chapter, which are appropriate to the planning of all land developments, the applicant shall demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Village Board that the street, parcel and block pattern proposed is specifically adapted to the uses anticipated and takes into account other uses in the vicinity. The following principles and standards shall be observed:

(1) Proposed industrial parcels shall be suitable in area and dimensions to the types of industrial development anticipated.

(2) Street rights-of-way and pavement shall be adequate to accommodate the type and volume of traffic anticipated to be generated thereupon.

(3) Special requirements may be imposed by the Village Board, upon the recommendation of the Village Engineer, with respect to street, curb, gutter and sidewalk design and construction.

(4) Special requirements may be imposed by the Village Board, upon the recommendation of the Village Engineer, with respect to the installation of public utilities, including water, sewer and stormwater drainage.

(5) Every effort shall be made to protect adjacent residential areas from potential nuisance from a proposed commercial or industrial subdivision, including the provision of extra depth in parcels backing up on existing or potential residential development and provisions for permanently landscaped buffer strips when necessary.

(6) Streets carrying nonresidential traffic, especially truck traffic, shall not normally be extended to the boundaries of adjacent existing or potential residential areas.

§ 582-49 Grading.

The subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) shall grade each land division in order to establish street, block and lot grades in proper relation to each other and to topography as follows:

A. Master site grading plan.

(1) A master site grading plan shall be prepared by the subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) for all new subdivision, certified survey map and condominium projects. This plan shall be prepared in accordance with the requirements and standards of the Village of Grantsburg.

(2) The master site grading plan shall show existing and proposed elevations of all lot corners, control points and building locations. The plan shall also indicate all overland storm drainage in and adjacent to the land development. The cost of the preparation of such a plan shall be paid for by the subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable). Grading plans shall include topographic contours at one-foot intervals. Grading plans shall show top of foundation elevations for proposed lots and at existing structures on surrounding properties.

(3) After approval or modification of these plans by the Village Engineer, the full width of the right-of-way of the proposed streets within the subdivision and the entire land development lot area shall be graded in accordance with the master site grading plan. The owners of the lots shall adhere to those plans.

(4) The Village Engineer shall be contacted to inspect and approve the grading and related work at each of the following stages:

(a) Completion of the grading of all street right-of-way areas.

(b) Completion of the grading of all lots.

(c) Completion of the filling with topsoil and leveling of the public right-of-way behind the curbs.

(5) The cost of all required grading work and supervision, certification, inspection and engineering fees shall be paid for by the subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable).

B. Right-of-way grading. The subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) shall grade the full width of the right-of-way of all proposed streets in accordance with the approved plans, including the grading of sight triangles at each intersection.

C. Block grading. Block grading shall be completed by one or more of the following methods:

(1) Regrading along the side or rear lot lines which provides for drainage to the public drainage facilities, provided that any ditches or swales are in public drainage easements, provided that a deed restriction is adopted which prohibits alteration of the grades within five feet of any property line from the grades shown on the master site grading plan.

(2) Parts of all lots may be graded to provide for drainage to a ditch or to a swale.

D. Miscellaneous grading requirements.

(1) Lot grading shall be completed so that the water drains away from each building site toward public drainage facilities at a grade approved by the Village Engineer, and provisions shall be made to prevent drainage onto properties adjacent to the land division unless to a public drainage facility. Building lots shall be graded so that the elevation of each building site is at least one to two feet above the center-line elevation of the adjacent public street.

(2) Grading activities shall not result in slopes greater than 3:1 on public lands or lands subject to public access. Cut on filled land shall be graded to a maximum slope of 3:1.

(3) The topsoil stripped for grading shall not be removed from the site unless identified in the erosion control plan approved by the Village Engineer as not being necessary for erosion control or site landscaping purposes. Topsoil shall be uniformly returned to the lots when rough grading is finished. Topsoil piles shall be leveled and seeded for erosion control prior to the Village releasing the one-year guarantee provision on public improvements in the streets adjacent to the lots on which the topsoil is stockpiled.

(4) Such grading shall not result in detriment to any existing developed lands, either within or outside of the corporate limits.

(5) The Village shall require the subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) to provide or install certain protection and rehabilitation measures, such as fencing, sloping, seeding, riprap, revetments, jetties, clearing, dredging, snagging, drop structures, brush mats, willow poles and grade stabilization structures. Seeding of the site shall occur within 30 days of rough grading.

(6) Tree cutting and shrubbery clearing shall not exceed 50% of the lot or tract and shall be so conducted as to prevent erosion and sedimentation, preserve and improve scenic qualities, and, during foliation, substantially screen any development from stream or lake users.

(7) Paths and trails in wooded and wetland areas shall not exceed 10 feet in width unless otherwise approved by the Village Board and shall be so designed and constructed as to result in the least removal and disruption of trees and shrubs and the minimum impairment of natural beauty.

(8) Earthmoving, such as grading, topsoil removal, mineral extraction, stream course changing, road cutting, waterway construction or enlargement, removal of stream or lake bed materials, excavation, channel clearing, ditching, drain tile laying, dredging, and lagooning, shall be so conducted as to prevent erosion and sedimentation and to least disturb the natural fauna, flora, watercourse, water regimen, and topography.

(9) Review of the conduct of such cutting, clearing, and moving may be requested of the County Soil and Water Conservation District Supervisors, the State District Fish and Game Managers, and the State District Forester by the Village Engineer and Plan Commission as they deem appropriate.

E. Drainage flows. The subdivision, condominium or certified survey map developer (as applicable) shall cause to be set upon the master site grading plan arrows indicating the directions of drainage flows for each property line not fronting on a street on all parcels and along each street as will result from the grading of the site, the construction of the required public improvements, or which are existing drainage flows and will remain. The arrows indicating the directions of flows shall be appropriately weighted so as to differentiate between the minor and major (one-hundred-year event) drainage components. The arrows shall be accompanied on the master site grading plan with the following note: "Arrows indicate the direction of drainage flows in various components resulting from site grading and the construction of required public improvements. The drainage flow components located in easements shall be maintained and preserved by the property owner unless approved by the Village Engineer."

§ 582-50 Erosion control.

The Village of Grantsburg finds that urbanizing land uses have accelerated the process of soil erosion, runoff and sediment deposition in the waters of the Village. Therefore, it is declared to be the purpose of this section to control and prevent soil erosion and minimize stormwater runoff increases and thereby to preserve the natural resources, control floods and prevent impairment of dams and reservoirs, protect the quality of public waters, protect wildlife, protect the tax base, and protect and promote the health, safety and general welfare of the people of the Village. All land disturbing activities shall be subject to the provisions of Chapter 538, Construction Site Erosion Control, of this Code.