The off-street parking provisions of this chapter shall apply
to all buildings and structures erected after the effective date of
this chapter. Accessory parking shall be according to the provisions
of this article. Where an intensity of the use of any building, structure
or premises shall be increased, additional parking to match the increased
intensity of use shall be provided; wherever an existing building
or structure is converted to a new use, parking shall be provided
according to the requirements of the new use. All new nonresidential
parking lots and all alterations of existing lots shall be subject
to the approval of the Zoning Administrator. Requests for said parking
lots shall be accompanied with detailed plans on landscaping, parking
layout, drainage provisions and driveway locations. In all districts,
there shall be provided at the time any use or building is erected,
enlarged, extended, or increased off-street parking stalls for all
vehicles in accordance with the following:
A. Access. Each off-street parking space shall open directly upon an
aisle or driveway designed to provide safe and efficient means of
vehicular access to such parking space. All off-street parking facilities
shall be designed with appropriate means of vehicular access to a
street or alley in a manner which will least interfere with traffic
movement.
B. Design standards. Each parking space shall not be less than 162 square
feet in area, 18 feet in length and nine feet in width, exclusive
of aisles and access drives. No parking area of more than two spaces
shall be designed as to require any vehicle to back into a public
street. Any parking area of more than five spaces shall be sufficiently
screened in the form of a solid fence or shrubbery to protect adjacent
residential uses. Large expanses of unchanneled parking areas shall
be avoided by interior landscaping and safety islands.
C. Location.
(1) All parking spaces required herein shall be located on the same lot
with the building or use served, or may be located not to exceed 500
feet from the principal use.
(2) Off-street parking is permitted in all yards of all districts except in the non-driveway front yards of single-family and two-family residential districts but shall not be closer than five feet to a nonresidential side lot line or rear lot line or closer than 15 feet to a right-of-way. No parking space or driveway, except in residential districts, shall be closer than 15 feet to a residential district lot line. Off-street parking in residential areas shall comply with §
595-74.
(3) Off-street parking in the single-family and two-family residential districts is permitted in the front yard in the driveway, even though closer than five feet to a side lot line, provided that the driveway conforms to the requirements in Chapter
267, Driveways, of this Code of Ordinances.
D. Surfacing. All off-street parking areas, except a single parking
space accessory to a single-family or two-family dwelling, shall be
surfaced with a dustless all-weather material capable of carrying
a wheel load of 4,000 pounds (normally, a two-inch lift of blacktop
on a four-inch base or five inches of portland cement will meet this
requirement). Any parking area for more than 12 vehicles shall have
the aisles and spaces clearly marked. Compacted stone or gravel may
be used with the approval of the Village Board. All parking lots 3,000
square feet or larger shall be internally drained with catch basins
connected to a municipal storm sewer.
E. Landscaping.
(1) Accessory landscape area. All public and private off-street parking
areas which serve four vehicles or more, are located within five feet
of any lot line or public right-of-way and are created subsequent
to the adoption of this chapter are recommended to be provided with
accessory landscape areas totaling not less than 10% of the surfaced
area.
(2) Location. Location of landscape areas, plant materials and protection
afforded the plantings, including curbing and provision for maintenance
by the property owner, shall be subject to approval by the Zoning
Administrator.
(3) Plans. All plans for such proposed parking areas, at the discretion
of the Zoning Administrator, shall include a topographic survey or
grading plan which shows existing and proposed grades and location
of improvements. The preservation of existing trees, shrubs and other
natural vegetation in the parking area may be included in the calculation
of the required minimum landscape area.
(4) Special residential requirements. Those parking areas for five or
more vehicles, if adjoining a residential use, shall be screened from
such use by a solid wall, fence, evergreen planting of equivalent
visual density or other effective means, built and maintained at a
minimum height of four feet. Where a solidly constructed decorative
fence is provided along the interior lot line, the minimum setback
for the parking area shall be two feet from said lot line. Said fence
shall be located a minimum of one foot from said lot line.
(5) Repair and service. No motor vehicle repair work or service of any
kind shall be permitted in association with parking facilities provided
in residential districts.
(6) Lighting. Any lighting used to illuminate off-street parking areas
shall be directed away from adjacent properties and public streets
in such a way as not to create a nuisance. However, in no case shall
such lighting exceed three footcandles measured at the lot line.
(7) Street setback area. No parking shall be permitted between the street
right-of-way line and the building setback line prevailing in the
zone in which the proposed parking area is to be located. The resulting
open area shall be planted in grass or otherwise landscaped to create
a permanent green area. The Village Board may grant an exception to
this green area requirement in instances where it is not feasible
to have such an open green space.
F. Curbs. Curbs or barriers shall be installed a minimum of four feet
from a property line so as to prevent the parked vehicles from extending
over any lot lines.
G. Number of stalls. The number of parking stalls required is shown
in the following table:
Use
|
Minimum Parking Required
|
---|
Dwellings, single-family and two-family, and mobile homes
|
2 stalls for each dwelling unit
|
Dwellings, multiple-family (2 bedrooms or more)
|
2 stalls for each dwelling unit; 2 or more bedrooms, 1 stall
per bedroom
|
Housing for the elderly
|
0.75 space for each dwelling with 1/2 of these spaces to be
built before occupancy and the balance of which spaces shall be reserved
until such time as the Village Board may order them installed
|
Hotels and motels
|
1 stall for each guest room plus 1 stall for each 3 employees
|
Hospitals, lodges, lodging houses and boardinghouses
|
1 stall for each 2 beds plus 1 stall for each 3 employees
|
Sanitariums, institutions, rest homes and nursing homes
|
1 stall for each 5 beds plus 1 stall for each 3 employees
|
Medical and dental clinics
|
8 stalls for each practitioner on the staff
|
Churches, theaters, auditoriums, community centers, vocational
and night schools and other places of public assembly
|
1 stall for each 5 seats
|
Colleges and secondary and elementary schools
|
1 stall for each employee plus 1 stall for each 5 students of
16 years of age or more
|
Restaurants, bars, clubs, and places of entertainment
|
1 stall for each 150 square feet of floor area
|
Manufacturing and processing plants (including meat and food
processing), laboratories and warehouses
|
1 stall for every 3 employees plus sufficient stalls to accommodate
all trucks and other vehicles used in connection with the business
|
Financial institutions; business, governmental and professional
offices
|
1 stall for each 300 square feet of floor area
|
Funeral homes
|
1 stall for each 5 seats
|
Bowling centers
|
3 stalls for each lane
|
Bed-and-breakfast establishments
|
1 off-street stall for each guest room
|
Retail stores and repair service shops
|
1 stall for each 150 square feet of floor area
|
Shopping centers
|
1 stall for each 100 square feet of floor area
|
H. Employee parking. In addition to the requirements in Subsection
G, in all districts except industrial, there shall be employee off-street parking provided at the ratio of one off-street parking space for each full-time employee. A full-time employee shall be one working 40 hours per week. Required parking spaces for part-time employees shall be arrived at by finding the equivalent number of parking spaces needed for full-time employees based on hours worked. The number of employee parking spaces shall be based on employment at the time the building is erected, enlarged, structurally altered or changed to a higher classification use.
I. Uses not listed. In the case of structures or uses not mentioned,
the provision for a use which is similar shall apply, as determined
by the Plan Commission.
J. Computing requirements. In computing the number of spaces required,
the following rules shall govern:
(1) Floor space shall mean the gross floor area of the specific use.
(2) For structures containing more than one use, the required number
of spaces shall be computed by adding the space required for each
use.
(3) Parking spaces are calculated according to the use of the parcel.
K. Combined uses. Combinations of any of the above uses shall provide
the total of the number of stalls required for each individual use.
Two or more uses may provide required off-street parking spaces in
a common parking facility less than the sum of the spaces required
for each use individually, provided such uses are not operated during
the same hours. The following conditions must be met for any joint
use:
(1) The proposed joint parking space is within 500 feet of the use it
will serve.
(2) The applicant shall show that there is no substantial conflict in
the principal operating hours of the two buildings or uses for which
joint use of off-street parking facilities is proposed.
(3) A properly drawn legal instrument approved by the Village Board,
executed by the parties concerned, for joint use of off-street parking
facilities shall be filed with the Village Clerk. Said instrument
may be a three-party agreement, including the Village and all private
parties involved. Such instrument shall first be approved by the Village
Attorney.
L. Handicapped parking requirements; state code requirements. In addition
to any other requirements relating to parking spaces contained in
this chapter or the Village Code, the provisions contained in §§ 101.13,
346.503 and 346.56, Wis. Stats., and any Wisconsin Administrative
Code sections adopted pursuant thereto are hereby adopted by reference
and made applicable to all parking facilities whenever constructed.
In case of conflict, the most restrictive provision shall be applicable.
M. Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) requirements for parking spaces.
(1) Accessible parking space requirements.
(a)
In any self-park facility, a certain number of spaces must be
set aside for wheelchair access as summarized in the following table:
Total Spaces
|
Minimum Accessible Spaces
|
---|
1 to 25
|
1
|
26 to 50
|
2
|
51 to 75
|
3
|
76 to 100
|
4
|
101 to 150
|
5
|
151 to 200
|
6
|
201 to 300
|
7
|
301 to 400
|
8
|
401 to 500
|
9
|
501 to 1,000
|
2% of total
|
1,001 and over
|
20 plus 1 per 100 over 1,000 spaces
|
(b)
Exceptions.
[1]
Outpatient units at medical care facilities: 10% of total spaces
for that facility.
[2]
Medical care facilities specifically for treatment of the mobility
impaired: 20% of the total spaces for that unit.
(2) Accessible parking space dimensions.
(a)
Standard accessible spaces. Accessible spaces shall consist
of a sixteen-foot-wide parking stall adjacent to an eight-foot-wide
access aisle.
(b)
Vertical clearance. Along at least one aisle to and from each
accessible space, a minimum clearance of eight feet two inches (98
inches) is required.
(3) Location of accessible spaces.
(a)
Accessible parking spaces serving a particular building shall
be located on the shortest accessible route of travel to an accessible
entrance.
(b)
Accessible parking spaces need not be provided in each parking
structure provided the different location has equivalent or greater
accessibility in terms of distance from an accessible entrance.
(4) Accessible route.
(a)
At least one accessible route with a continuous minimum clearance
of 36 inches must be provided from accessible parking spaces to the
nearest accessible pedestrian entrance.
(b)
If an accessible route has less than 60 inches clear width then
passing spaces at least 60 inches by 60 inches must be located at
reasonable intervals not to exceed every 200 feet.
(c)
The floor slope along an accessible route shall not exceed 1:12
with a maximum rise of 30 inches for any run.
(d)
A level landing shall be provided at the bottom of each ramp
and top of each ramp run. The width of the landing shall be at least
as wide as the ramp run and at least 60 inches long. At changes in
direction a landing 60 inches by 60 inches shall be provided.
(e)
The cross slope of ramps shall not exceed 1:50.
(f)
The floor slope at loading zones shall not exceed 1:50.
(g)
It is preferable to provide the accessible route at the front
of the stalls. Also, the accessible route shall avoid crossing lanes
of vehicular travel. When crossing vehicular travel lanes is necessary,
the route of travel shall be designated and marked by a crosswalk.
N. Changes in buildings or use. Whenever a building or use is changed,
structurally altered or enlarged to create a need for an increase
of 25% or more in the number of existing parking spaces, such spaces
shall be provided on the basis of the enlargement or change. Whenever
a building or use is enlarged to the extent of 50% or more in the
floor area, said building or use shall then comply with the parking
requirements set forth in the district in which it is located.
O. Off-lot parking.
(1) Required off-street parking spaces shall be located on the same lot
with the principal use, or such parking spaces may be located off
lot provided the parking spaces are located in the same district and
not over 500 feet from the principal use. In cases where off-street
parking facilities are permitted on land other than the same lot as
the principal use, such facilities shall be in the same possession
as the lot occupied by the use to which the parking facilities are
accessory or in the possession of the controller of the principal
use to which the parking facilities are accessory. Such possession
shall be by deed whereby the owner of the land on which the parking
facilities are to be located shall be bound by a covenant filed and
recorded in the office of the County Register of Deeds requiring such
owner, his heirs or assigns to maintain the required facilities for
the duration of the use served.
(2) Off-lot parking spaces for residential uses shall be within 250 feet
of the principal entrance or the entrance for the individual occupants
for whom the spaces are reserved while the farthest portions of a
parking lot for all other uses shall be within 500 feet of the entrance
of the establishment.
(3) Accessory parking may be located in residential districts provided
that said lot or property is immediately adjacent to a commercial,
business or industrial zoning district.
(4) All off-street parking lots adjoining lots zoned for residential
use shall have a minimum setback of 10 feet from an interior lot line,
except if the adjoining lot is used for legally conforming parking
purposes.
P. Signs. Signs located in parking areas necessary for orderly operation
of traffic movement shall be permitted in addition to others permitted
in this chapter.
Q. Reduction of parking areas. Off-street parking spaces shall not be
reduced in number unless said number exceeds the requirement set forth
herein.