The purpose of this section is to
establish standards for off-street parking, loading, and site circulation
in order to increase safety and reduce congestion in the streets,
ensure adequate vehicle parking and circulation areas associated with
the development of land, eliminate the on-street storage of motor
vehicles, accommodate all surface transportation users, and avoid
negative environmental and urban design impacts that can result from
parking lots and other vehicular use areas.
The off-street parking and loading
standards of this section shall apply to any use or building hereafter
established, erected, or substantially altered or enlarged; or any
parking lot hereafter installed in the City of Bloomington.
A.
Existing structures and facilities.
(1)
All uses established after the effective
date of this Ordinance shall provide off-street parking and loading
space in accordance with the standards set forth in this section.
(2)
No existing use shall be deemed nonconforming
solely due to the lack of off-street parking, loading or site circulation
facilities required by this section; provided, that facilities being
used for off-street parking, loading and site circulation as of the
date of adoption of the ordinance codified in this title shall not
be reduced in number to less than that required by this section and
shall be provided in compliance with this section as required herein.
B.
Damage or destruction. When any building,
structure, or use is damaged or destroyed by fire, collapse, explosion,
or other cause, and is reconstructed, re-established or repaired in
like kind to its previous use and extent, off-street parking or loading
facilities equivalent to those maintained at the time of such damage
or destruction shall be provided. However, in no case shall it be
necessary to restore or maintain off-street parking or loading facilities
in excess of those required by this Code.
C.
Enlargement, expansion or change in use.
(1)
Whenever the existing use of a building
or structure erected prior to the effective date of this Code is changed
to a new use, or the building or structure is enlarged or expanded,
additional off-street parking or loading facilities conforming to
the standards of this article shall be required. Enlargement or expansion
shall be interpreted to include any of the following:
(2)
Minor expansion. When the floor area
of a structure is expanded by less than 20%, additional parking, loading
and bicycle facilities for the new or expanded portion of the structure
is required.
(3)
Major expansion. When the floor area
of a structure is expanded by 20% or more, the total structure shall
require conformance with all provisions of this article.
(4)
Any area designated as required off-street
parking or loading shall not be changed to any other use unless and
until equal facilities that meet the standards of this article are
provided elsewhere, or the parking requirements of the site have changed
as determined by the Director of Economic and Community Development.
[Amended 10-26-2020 by Ord. No. 2020-69]
D.
Temporary encroachments. Temporary encroachments
into required parking spaces for a seasonal sales display area may
be authorized by the Economic and Community Development Director for
up to 90 days during a calendar year, if the Director determines that
adequate parking is available to meet the demand during the period
of encroachment.
[Amended 10-26-2020 by Ord. No. 2020-69]
E.
Permissive parking and loading facilities.
(1)
The voluntary establishment of off-street
parking and loading facilities is permitted, provided that there is
adherence to all regulations herein governing the location, design,
and operation of such facilities and provided that such parking or
loading facilities do not exceed the requirements of this section
by more than 25%.
(2)
The voluntary provision of off-street
parking or loading that exceeds 25% of the requirements of this section
may be approved through Site Plan Review procedures, if a determination
is made that such facilities are needed based upon a parking demand
study provided by the applicant.
A.
Use of off-street parking, stacking, and
loading areas. Required off-street parking, stacking, and loading
spaces shall be designated solely for the purposes specified herein.
Each required off-street parking space shall be kept available at
all times for parking of one motor vehicle.
B.
Parking and loading area plan. No application
for a building permit for a new, enlarged, or altered structure or
improvement shall be issued, unless there is included with the application
a plan showing the location, layout, and critical dimensions of all
off-street parking, loading and pedestrian facilities, including bicycle
racks where required. Such plan shall be drawn to scale and show vehicular
access and circulation patterns.
C.
Construction. Except as otherwise provided
in this article, required off-street parking, and loading facilities
shall be completed prior to the issuance of the certificate of occupancy
for the use they serve.
(1)
A required parking lot shall be fully
constructed within six months of receipt of a building permit and
prior to the issuance of a Building Certificate of Occupancy for the
use or uses it serves. The Director of Economic and Community Development
may grant one extension for up to an additional six months in the
event of adverse weather conditions or unusual delays beyond the control
of the property owner or responsible person.
[Amended 10-26-2020 by Ord. No. 2020-69]
(2)
In the case of phased development,
off-street parking, stacking, and loading areas shall only be provided
for the portions of the development for which a site plan has been
approved or upon receipt of a temporary use permit for a surface parking
lot.
D.
Lighting. All off-street parking areas regulated by this Code shall have operational lighting fixtures directed away from residences in such a way as not to create a nuisance and in compliance with § 44-911 of this Code.
E.
Storage of camping and recreational equipment.
Any owner of camping and recreational equipment or domestic utility
trailer may park or store such camping and recreational equipment
or utility trailer in a Residential District subject to the following
conditions:
(1)
At no time shall such parked or stored
camping and recreational equipment be occupied or used for dining,
sleeping or housekeeping purposes while parked or stored in a residence
district except for a period of not to exceed 14 days in one calendar
year, provided, however, that such mobile home, travel trailer, pickup
coach, motor-home or camping trailer may be used for only for sleeping
purposes during such fourteen-day period;
(2)
During the period from September
15th through April 15th, if the recreational equipment is parked or
stored outside of a garage, it shall be parked or stored to the rear
of the front building line of the principal structure on the lot;
(3)
However, such camping and recreational
equipment may be parked anywhere on the premises for loading or unloading
purposes for a period not to exceed 24 hours per episode.
(4)
Recreational equipment or domestic
utility trailer must be parked a minimum of three feet from a side
or rear yard lot line.
(5)
If parked from April 16th through September 14th to the front of the front building line of the principal structure on the property, recreational equipment must be on a hard surface as defined in Article XVI of this Code.
[Amended 8-24-2020 by Ord. No. 2020-55]
(6)
If the recreational equipment is a self-propelled vehicle that is not stored on a trailer (such as a motor-home), it must be parked on a hard-surface whether it is parked to the front or rear of the front line of the principal structure on the property. Camping trailers, domestic utility trailers, boats on trailers, and other items of recreational equipment stored on trailers need to be a compacted surface, as defined by Article XVI of this Code, if such recreational equipment is stored or parked to the rear of the front building line of the principal structure on the property.
[Amended 8-24-2020 by Ord. No. 2020-55]
F.
Maintenance.
(1)
All parking, loading and circulation
areas shall be maintained free of dust, trash, weeds, and debris.
Surfacing, curbs, walkways, light fixtures, signs, and related appurtenances
shall be maintained in good repair and safe condition at all times.
(2)
The visibility of pavement markings
delineating parking spaces and directional control shall be maintained.
(3)
All off-street parking, stacking,
and loading areas required by this article shall be maintained free
of accumulated snow or standing water that prevents full use and occupancy
of the areas, except for temporary periods of heavy rainfall or snowfall
not to exceed five days.
[Amended 10-26-2020 by Ord. No. 2020-69; 3-25-2024 by Ord. No. 2024-015]
A.
Shared parking.
(1)
Purpose. Shared parking is encouraged
as a means of conserving land resources, reducing stormwater runoff,
reducing the heat island effect caused by large paved areas and improving
community appearance.
(2)
Authorization. Shared parking facilities
for off-street parking of two or more buildings or uses may be approved
by the Economic and Community Development Director subject to compliance
with this section.
(3)
Location.
(a)
Shared parking facilities for residential
uses shall be located within 1,000 linear feet of the property.
(b)
Shared parking facilities for all
other uses shall be located within 1,000 linear feet of the property.
(c)
A shared parking facility shall only
be authorized in a Residential District if it serves one or more residential
uses exclusively.
(4)
General requirements.
(a)
The number of parking spaces provided
shall not be less than the sum of the separate requirements for each
such building or use. Where a mix of two or more land uses creates
staggered peak periods of parking demand due to different hours of
operation, shared parking agreements that have the effect of reducing
the total amount of required parking may be approved.
(b)
Accessible parking spaces for persons
with disabilities may not be shared and shall be located on-site.
(c)
Adjacent lots that are subject to
a shared parking agreement shall be interconnected by provision of
cross-access for vehicular passage.
(5)
Shared parking for uses with different
hours of operation.
(a)
For purposes of this section, the
following uses are considered daytime uses:
[1]
Customer service, professional and
administrative offices;
[2]
Retail sales uses, except eating
and drinking establishments, hotels and motels, and entertainment-related
uses;
[3]
Warehousing, wholesaling, and freight
movement uses;
[4]
Manufacturing, production, and industrial
service uses; and
[5]
Other similar primarily daytime uses,
as determined by the Economic and Community Development Director.
(b)
For purposes of this section, the
following uses are considered evening or Weekend uses:
(c)
The applicant(s) shall demonstrate,
through a shared parking analysis, that there is no substantial conflict
in the principal operating hours or peak periods of parking demand
of the uses for which shared parking is proposed.
(6)
Shared parking study. The applicant(s)
shall submit a shared parking analysis that demonstrates the feasibility
of shared parking. The study shall include, at minimum, the size and
type of the proposed development, the composition of tenants, the
anticipated rate of parking turnover and the anticipated peak parking
and traffic loads for all uses that will be sharing parking spaces.
If existing land uses are to be included in the shared parking agreement,
the study shall also include parking counts that document parking
occupancy during weekday, weekend, daytime and evening periods of
peak and off-peak parking demand.
(7)
Agreement. The applicant(s) shall
provide a copy of the executed shared parking lease or agreement prior
to the City's authorization of a shared parking facility.
(a)
Shared parking leases or agreements
shall have a term of not less than five years, including any renewals
at the option of the lessee.
(b)
Authorization of the shared parking
facility will continue in effect only as long as the agreement, binding
on all parties, remains in force. Should the agreement cease to be
in force, parking must be provided as otherwise required by this section.
A.
Parking spaces required for all nonresidential and multifamily uses shall be located on the same lot, an adjoining lot, or a lot under common ownership with the primary use lot located within 1,200 feet of the property. Where 10 or more parking spaces are required, such parking spaces may also be provided in a shared parking facility subject to requirements of § 44-1204.
B.
Off-street parking spaces uses shall be
located on a lot as follows:
(1)
No off-street parking spaces shall
be permitted in the required front yard or required front transitional
area, unless otherwise provided in this Code.
(2)
All new and approved off-street parking
spaces and driveways shall be located at least three feet from any
side lot line.
(3)
Where 10 or more parking spaces are required, off-street parking areas shall be located a minimum distance of 12 feet from the property line, in front yards, and six feet from the side and rear property lines to accommodate a landscaped perimeter as provided in Article XIII.
[Amended 8-24-2020 by Ord. No. 2020-55]
(4)
Legal nonconforming driveways may
be reconstructed, but not expanded, at their existing location.
A.
Access.
(1)
All off-street parking, stacking,
and loading areas shall be arranged for convenient access and safety
of pedestrians, bicyclists, and vehicles.
(2)
Each required parking space shall
open directly upon an aisle, or driveway of such width and design
as to provide safe and efficient means of vehicular access and egress.
Except for driveways serving single-family and two-family dwelling
units, access to a parking space shall not require backing across
a street property line or re-entering a public right-of-way.
(3)
Off-street parking areas with three
or more required spaces shall be configured so that a vehicle may
enter and leave a parking space without moving another vehicle. Tandem
parking may be approved for valet parking and similar purposes pursuant
to Site Plan Review procedures.
(4)
Access to an off-street parking area
that serves a nonresidential use shall not be permitted across lots
that are residential in use or located in a Residential District.
(5)
Where the parking area of a corner
lot abuts an alley or a corner side street, access to the parking
area shall be obtained from the alley or corner side street. Alternate
access from a primary street may be approved through Site Plan Review
procedures if a determination is made that it is infeasible to fulfill
this standard.
(6)
On any parcel, curb cuts for access
to the right-of-way shall be approved by the City Engineer. In residential
areas, only one driveway opening will be allowed if the lot width
is less than 100 feet.
B.
Large parking lots (200 or more parking
spaces).
(1)
Primary drive aisles shall be located
across from streets or driveways to avoid conflicting traffic movements
and facilitate the safe flow of traffic.
(2)
Large off-street parking lots shall
be designed to simulate a grid pattern through the placement of landscape
islands, buildings, and drive aisles.
(3)
Block lengths within the grid should
not exceed 600 linear feet between the center lines of intersecting
streets or primary drive aisles. In cases where a block length exceeds
600 feet due to topography, natural features or other physical constraints,
sidewalks shall be provided mid-block to connect parallel streets
or drive aisles.
C.
Curbs and vehicle stops.
(1)
All off-street parking lots, access
drives and aisles, and other vehicle maneuvering areas shall provide
perimeter curbs.
(2)
Off-street parking stalls shall provide
curbs, vehicle stops or similar devices to prevent vehicles from overhanging
on or into public right-of-way or adjacent property, structures, fences,
or screens.
(3)
Vehicle stops shall be located 2.5
feet from a fence or wall.
(4)
When a parking space abuts a landscaped
area, the front two feet of the parking space may overhang a landscaped
area.
(5)
A parking space may overhang a walkway
by up to two feet, provided that curbs or vehicle stops are installed
to ensure that a minimum five-foot walkway clearance is maintained.
D.
Defined areas. Off-street parking areas
of three or more spaces and off-street loading areas shall include
painted lines, curbs, vehicle stops or other similar identifiers to
delineate parking and loading areas.
E.
Accessible parking. Parking lots shall
provide accessible parking spaces and accessible access routes for
persons with disabilities in compliance with the State Building Code
and the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), as applicable. The
provision of accessible parking shall count toward fulfillment of
off-street parking requirements.
F.
Surfacing requirements.
(1)
Parking lots. All off-street parking,
stacking, and loading areas shall be surfaced with asphalt, concrete,
brick, stone, pavers, or an equivalent material as approved by the
City Engineer. Surfaces such as pervious asphalt, pervious concrete,
or turf blocks are permitted; subject to the requirements of this
chapter and other City policies pertaining to stormwater management.
(2)
Driveways.
(a)
Driveways leading to parking lots of 10 parking spaces or more shall conform to the requirements of § 44-1206F(1) of this Code.
[Amended 8-24-2020 by Ord. No. 2020-55]
(b)
Aprons on all driveways shall conform
to the following standards:
[1]
A 1 1/2 inch bituminous concrete
surface on a four-inch base of bituminous aggregate mix; or
[2]
A two-inch bituminous concrete surface
on an eight-inch base of crushed gravel or crushed stone; or
[3]
A six-inch Portland cement concrete
or five-inch reinforced with wire mesh or structural equivalent of
any of the foregoing as determined by the Economic and Community Development
Director.
[Amended 10-26-2020 by Ord. No. 2020-69]
G.
Drainage.
(1)
All parking lots shall be sloped
and/or drained to prevent surface water from such lots from running
onto adjoining property in unreasonable volumes.
(2)
All ramped parking lots and un-ramped
parking lots containing 10 or more parking spaces shall provide flood
routes to direct excess water in a way that results in the least amount
of harm to adjoining properties and shall dispose of surface water
in one of the following methods when approved by the City Engineer:
(b)
Use of inlets and storm sewer facilities
capable of draining the lot from a storm of five year magnitude or
greater;
(c)
Retention of water on the premises;
(d)
Underground drainage across other
private property to an approved outlet;
(e)
And permeable pavers as approved
by the City Engineer.
H.
Dimensional standards.
[Amended 3-25-2024 by Ord. No. 2024-015]
(1)
Off-street parking spaces shall be
designed in accordance with Table 1206I: Dimensional Standards for
Parking Spaces and Aisles.
(2)
All parking spaces shall have a minimum
vertical clearance of seven feet.
(3)
Compact spaces. Up to 30% of all
provided parking spaces may be compact vehicle parking spaces. Dimensions
for compact spaces are shown in Table 1206I.
(4)
All parking spaces and aisles shall
comply with the following minimum requirements.
|
Table 1206I: Dimensional Standards
for Parking Spaces and Aisles
| ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
0°
(Parallel)
|
45°
|
60°
|
90°
| |||||
|
Typical
|
Compact
|
Typical
|
Compact
|
Typical
|
Compact
|
Typical
|
Compact
| |
|
A - Width of Aisle: One-Way
|
11 feet
|
11 feet
|
12 feet
|
12 feet
|
16 feet
|
16 feet
|
20 feet
|
20 feet
|
|
B - Width of Aisle: Two-Way
|
24 feet
|
24 feet
|
20 feet
|
19 feet
|
20 feet
|
19 feet
|
24 feet
|
23 feet
|
|
C - Width of Space
|
8.5 feet
|
8 feet
|
8.5 feet
|
8 feet
|
8.5 feet
|
8 feet
|
8.5 feet
|
8 feet
|
|
D - Depth of Space
|
20 feet
|
19 feet
|
19 feet
|
18 feet
|
20 feet
|
19 feet
|
18 feet
|
17 feet
|
|
Diagram 1206
 |
A.
Purpose. Stands for drive-through facilities
are provided to ensure safe site circulation and adequate vehicle
queuing at drive through facilities. These standards are applied in
addition to all other applicable standards of this Code.
B.
Location.
(1)
Drive-through facilities shall not
be located closer than 120 feet of a Residential District boundary.
(2)
Drive-through facilities, inclusive
of stacking lanes, shall be located to the side or rear of a principal
structure and shall not extend beyond the front building wall. Alternate
placement of the drive-through facility may be approved through Site
Plan Review procedures if a determination is made that it is infeasible
to fulfill this requirement.
C.
Access.
(1)
Drive-through stacking lanes shall
be separated from driveways and drive aisles.
(2)
Access to queuing lanes shall in
no way inhibit ingress or egress to the building or any off-street
parking area, inhibit the flow of traffic throughout and within the
off-street parking area, or encroach upon any public rights-of-way.
(3)
The stacking lane shall be designed
to accommodate at least the minimum number of stacking spaces required
for each use.
(4)
Stacking lanes and egress for drive-through
facilities shall not cross or pass through pedestrian walkways, without
providing appropriate crosswalk safety measures, pavement markings
and signs as approved by the Economic and Community Development Director.
[Amended 10-26-2020 by Ord. No. 2020-69]
(5)
A bypass lane shall be provided.
E.
Management. A property owner shall not
allow vehicle stacking to overflow into primary drive aisles or any
public street. As needed to contain drive-through activity on site,
management of drive-through facilities may require additional attendants,
designation of vehicle waiting and pick up areas, or other measures
to ensure safe vehicle and pedestrian circulation.
F.
Stacking standards.
(1)
For any drive-through facility, a
minimum of two queuing spaces shall be provided per bay, unless otherwise
required by Table 1207C.
(2)
Unless otherwise indicated, minimum
vehicle queuing is required per lane or bay.
(3)
Spaces located adjacent to a point
of service, such as a window or car wash bay, shall not count toward
compliance with queuing requirements.
|
Table 1207C: Drive-Through Queuing
Requirements
| |
|---|---|
|
Use Type
|
Minimum Vehicle Queuing
|
|
Financial Services
|
6 total; may be reduced to 3 per
lane if more than 1 window or bay is provided
|
|
Car Wash
|
7
|
|
Specialty Food - Coffee Shops
|
10
|
|
Restaurant
|
8
|
|
Pharmacy
|
3
|
G.
Site plan review. Modifications to drive
through requirements may be approved through Site Plan Review if a
determination is made that such modification would be appropriate
due to site constraints or queuing demand experienced by a particular
use, based upon an independent study that analyzes peak and off-peak
vehicle queuing, vehicle turnover, and data (queuing counts) collected
from the same or comparable use in terms of density, scale, bulk,
area, type of activity and location.
|
Diagram 1207D
 |
A.
Minimum requirements. Except as otherwise
expressly provided herein, off-street parking spaces shall be provided
in accordance with the parking ratio requirements of Table 1208E.
B.
Parking demand study. For the purposes
of determining required parking for an unlisted use or in consideration
of application for shared or reduced parking, a parking demand study
may be required that analyzes parking demand and includes relevant
data collected from uses or combinations of uses that are the same
or comparable to the proposed use in terms of density, scale, bulk,
area, type of activity and location. Off-street parking requirements
may also be modified to be in accordance with national industry standards,
at the discretion of the Economic and Community Development Director,
in coordination with the Director of Operations and Engineering Services.
[Amended 10-26-2020 by Ord. No. 2020-69; 3-25-2024 by Ord. No. 2024-015]
C.
Exemptions.
(1)
When the application of the off-street
parking regulations specified hereinafter results in a requirement
of not more than three parking spaces for any nonresidential use,
such parking spaces need not be provided. However, where two or more
uses are located on a single lot, only one of these uses shall be
eligible for the above exemption. In no instances shall this exemption
apply to dwelling units.
D.
Computation. The following rules apply
when calculating the required number of parking spaces:
(1)
Multiple uses. Unless otherwise expressly
stated, lots containing more than one use must provide parking in
an amount equal to the total of the requirements for all use categories.
(2)
Fractions. When computation of the
required number of off-street parking spaces results in a requirement
of a fractional space, a fraction of less than 1/2 shall be disregarded
and a fraction of 1/2 or more shall counted as one space.
(3)
Occupancy or capacity-based standards.
When computation of the required number of off-street parking spaces
is based upon employees, students, residents or occupants, calculations
must be based on the largest number of persons working on any single
shift, the maximum enrollment, or the maximum fire-rated capacity,
whichever is applicable and whichever results in the greater number
of spaces.
(4)
Floor area. Where floor area is the
unit of measurement to determine the required number of off-street
parking and loading spaces, Gross Floor Area (GFA) shall be used.
For the purposes of calculating required parking, designated outdoor
dining, seating and sales areas shall be applied toward the floor
area.
(5)
Bench seating. In calculating bench
seating for places of assembly, each continuous four-foot segment
of benches, pews or other similar seating shall be counted as one
seat.
(6)
Unlisted uses. Upon receiving a development
application for a use not specifically listed in Table 1208E, the
Economic and Community Development Director is authorized to apply
the parking ratio specified for the listed use that is deemed most
similar to the proposed or establish a different minimum parking requirement
on the basis of a Parking Demand Study.
[Amended 10-26-2020 by Ord. No. 2020-69]
(7)
Stalls. Where vehicle stalls are
used as a measurement, all calculations shall be based on the number
of service bays, garage door openings or booths.
E.
The minimum number of motor vehicle parking
spaces shall be provided in accordance with Table 1208E, Motor Vehicle
Parking Space Requirements, below.
[Amended 12-16-2019 by Ord. No. 2019-89; 10-26-2020 by Ord. No. 2020-69; 10-24-2022 by Ord. No. 2022-99; 3-25-2024 by Ord. No. 2024-015]
|
Table 1208E: Off-Street Parking Requirements
| ||
|---|---|---|
|
Use Category
|
Specific Use
|
General Requirement
|
|
AGRICULTURAL
| ||
|
Agriculture
|
Aquaculture, aquaponics, hydroponics;
horticultural services; medical marijuana cultivation; animal breeding
services; fish hatcheries; poultry hatcheries
|
1 space per 600 GFA
|
|
All other agricultural
|
None
| |
|
Forestry
|
All forestry
|
None
|
|
RESIDENTIAL
| ||
|
Household Living
|
Dwelling Unit, single-family
|
1 spaces per dwelling unit
|
|
Dwelling Unit, single-family attached;
two-family; multiple-family; live/work
|
1.5 spaces per efficiency or one-bedroom
dwelling unit; 2 spaces per 2 or more-bedroom dwelling units
| |
|
Mobile homes
|
2 spaces per unit
| |
|
Dwelling Unit, accessory
|
1 space per unit
| |
|
Group Living
|
Agency-operated family homes
|
2 spaces per home
|
|
All other group living uses
|
1 space per 2 beds
| |
|
INSTITUTIONAL
| ||
|
Education
|
Preschools
|
1 space per 250 GFA
|
|
High schools
|
1 space per 4 seats in main assembly
area, but not less than 5 per classroom
| |
|
Boarding schools
|
Determined by Economic and Community
Development Director
| |
|
All other public and private schools
|
1 space per 4 seats in main assembly
area, but not less than 1 per classroom
| |
|
Business and trade schools, college/university
satellite classrooms
|
The greater of 1 space per 200 feet
or 1 space per 4 seats
| |
|
Government
|
Animal detention facilities
|
1 space per 400 GFA
|
|
Government services and facilities
|
1 space per 200 GFA
| |
|
Military bases, depots, communications
facilities
|
1 per 300 GFA
| |
|
Health
|
Ambulatory surgical treatment center
|
1 space per 250 GFA
|
|
Hospital or medical center
|
1 space per 2 beds
| |
|
Religious
|
Place of worship
|
The greater of 1 space per 200 GFA
or 1 space per 3 seats in the main assembly area
|
|
Columbarium
|
1 space per 10 storage cubicles
| |
|
Residential-Type Institutional
|
Adult and juvenile detention facilities
|
1 per 1,500 GFA
|
|
Domestic violence shelter
|
1 space per 2 beds
| |
|
Home for the aged (assisted living,
independent living, memory care, etc.)
|
1 space per 2 occupants
| |
|
Nursing home
|
1 space per 3 beds
| |
|
Other Institutional and Cultural
Uses
|
Clubs and lodges
|
1 space per 200 GFA
|
|
Food pantry
|
Off-street parking requirements will
be based upon the principal use of the structure containing the food
pantry
| |
|
Libraries
|
1 space per 500 GFA
| |
|
Museums and cultural institutions
|
1 space per 250 GFA
| |
|
RECREATIONAL
| ||
|
Recreational Facilities
|
Country, golf, and swimming clubs
|
1 space per 200 GFA
|
|
Golf courses
|
75 spaces for 9 hole course; 150
spaces for 18 hole course
| |
|
Community center
|
The greater of 1 space per 200 GFA
or one per 4 occupants at maximum capacity
| |
|
Fairgrounds, agricultural exhibits
|
Spaces equivalent to 30% of peak
daily attendance, as adduced from testimony before the Zoning Board
of Appeals
| |
|
Riding stables, riding schools
|
The greater of 1 space per 200 GFA
or 1 per 4 occupants at maximum capacity
| |
|
Swimming pools, community
|
1 per 4 occupants at maximum capacity
| |
|
COMMERCIAL
| ||
|
Aircraft and Automotive
|
Aircraft, farm machinery, vehicle
sales and service
|
1 space per 250 GFA
|
|
Car wash, truck wash
|
1 space per 200 GFA sales, office,
or waiting area
| |
|
Towing services, vehicle salvage
and wrecking, vehicle storage
|
The greater of 1 space per 2,400
GFA or 2 spaces
| |
|
Truck stops, truck plazas, vehicle
fueling stations
|
1 space per 250 GFA
| |
|
Vehicle repair and service
|
3 spaces per service bay
| |
|
Vehicle rental service
|
1 space per 500 GFA
| |
|
Amusement Parks
|
Go-kart and race-kart tracks
|
The greater of 1 space per 4 seats
in the grandstand or viewing area, or 1 per 4 occupants at maximum
occupancy
|
|
All other amusement parks
|
1 space per 100 GFA activity area
| |
|
Commercial Recreation
|
Archery, rifle and shooting ranges
|
The greater of 2 spaces per target
area or 1 space per 200 GFA
|
|
Arcades, game centers
|
1 space per 2 amusement game machines
| |
|
Bowling establishments
|
3 spaces per lane
| |
|
Driving ranges
|
1 space per tee box
| |
|
Miniature golf courses
|
1 space per hole
| |
|
All other commercial recreation
|
1 space per 300 GFA
| |
|
Entertainment and Hospitality
|
Community reception establishments
|
1.2 spaces per 100 GFA designated
for the use
|
|
Entertainment and exhibition venues
|
The greater of 1 space per 4 seats
or 1 space per 200 GFA
| |
|
Sexually oriented entertainment businesses
|
1 space per 160 GFA
| |
|
Sports and fitness establishments
|
1 space per 200 GFA
| |
|
Theaters and auditoriums
|
1 space per 4 seats
| |
|
Lodging
|
Bed-and-breakfast establishments
|
2 spaces for the operator; plus 1
space for each bedroom
|
|
Boarding and rooming houses
|
1 space per 400 GFA
| |
|
Camps and camping establishments
|
2 spaces for managers office
| |
|
Hotel or motel
|
1 space per room, plus 1 space per
200 GFA conference or restaurant area
| |
|
Offices
|
Financial services
|
1 space per 300 GFA
|
|
General offices, business or professional
|
1 space per 200 GFA area for the
first 2,000 square feet (minimum of 3 spaces); plus, 1 space per 300
GFA for floor area exceeding 2,000 square feet
| |
|
Medical or dental office or clinic
|
1 space per 250 GFA
| |
|
Medical or research I laboratory
|
1 space per 300 GFA
| |
|
Printing, copying and mailing services
|
1 space per 250 GFA
| |
|
Recording and broadcast studios
|
1 space per 160 GFA
| |
|
Personal Services
|
Clothing Care: tailor, dry cleaning,
coin laundry, shoe repair, etc.
|
1 space per 250 GFA
|
|
Day-care center
|
1 space per employee
| |
|
Funeral parlor, mortuary
|
1 space per 100 GFA
| |
|
Instructional studios
|
1 space per 160 GFA
| |
|
Kennels
|
1 space per 400 GFA
| |
|
Personal care: barber shop, beauty
salon, day spa, etc.
|
1 space per 250 GFA
| |
|
Veterinary office or clinic; pet
care (grooming, day care, training)
|
1 space per 250 GFA
| |
|
Retail and Service
|
Adult-use cannabis dispensing organization
|
1 space per 250 GFA
|
|
Artisanal/craft production and retail
|
1 space per 250 GFA
| |
|
Bars, taverns, and nightclubs
|
1 space per 50 GFA
| |
|
Building materials and supplies
|
1 space per 300 GFA
| |
|
Catering services
|
1 space per 1,000 GFA
| |
|
Furniture sales
|
1 space per 600 GFA
| |
|
Restaurants, cafeterias
|
1 space per 100 GFA
| |
|
Restaurant, carry-out only
|
1 space per 250 GFA
| |
|
Restaurant with drive-through
|
1 space per 50 GFA
| |
|
Retail sales
|
1 space per 250 GFA
| |
|
Sexually oriented business
|
1 space per 160 GFA
| |
|
Grocery stores, Supermarkets
|
1 space per 250 GFA
| |
|
Specialty food shops
|
1 space per 500 GFA
| |
|
Vehicle service, general or limited
|
3 spaces per service bay
| |
|
Vehicle sales and rental
|
1 space per 500 GFA
| |
|
INDUSTRIAL
| ||
|
Manufacturing and Production, Light
|
Commercial cleaning and repair services
|
1 space per 250 GFA
|
|
Commercial community kitchen
|
1 space per 1,000 GFA
| |
|
Crematories
|
1 space per 400 GFA
| |
|
Trade and construction services
|
1 space per 250 GFA
| |
|
Wholesaling and distribution
|
1 space per 1,000 GFA
| |
|
All other light manufacturing and
production uses
|
1 space per 600 GFA
| |
|
Manufacturing and Production, Heavy
|
All heavy manufacturing and production
uses
|
1 space per 1,000 GFA
|
|
All other waste services
|
1 space per 1,000 GFA
| |
|
Storage and Equipment Yards
|
Aircraft, marine craft, petroleum
products, and other similar storage.
|
1 space per 2,400 GFA
|
|
Marinas
|
1 space per 2 boat slips; plus 1
space per 200 GFA
| |
|
Mini Warehouses
|
1 space per 25 storage lockers plus
2 spaces for manager's office
| |
|
Storage facilities, multi-tenant
|
1 space per 1,200 GFA
| |
|
Storage facilities, single tenant
|
1 space per 2,400 GFA
| |
|
Transportation
|
Airports, heliports, and landing
fields
|
1 space per 200 GFA
|
|
Passenger terminals
|
1 space per 400 GFA passenger terminal
area
| |
|
Public or private utility facility,
minor
|
For manned facilities, the greater
of 1 space per 1,200 GFA or 2 spaces
| |
|
Wireless Communication Facilities
|
1 space per equipment cabinet for
towers
| |
[Amended 10-26-2020 by Ord. No. 2020-69; 3-25-2024 by Ord. No. 2024-015]
Notwithstanding Table 1208E, the
following adjustments to required parking are permitted upon approval
of the Director of Economic and Community Development.
|
Table 1209: Adjustment to Required
Parking
| ||
|---|---|---|
|
Adjustment Type
|
Criteria
|
Adjustment Amount
|
|
Transit
|
Resident or nonresident use (other
than an after-hours establishment) is located within 1,320 feet of
a public transit route.
|
10% reduction
|
|
Pedestrian Access
|
Nonresidential use is located where
residents of all residential and mixed-use areas within 1,320 feet
of the subject property can walk to and from the nonresidential use
on a continuous sidewalk system (ignoring intervening streets).
|
10% reduction
|
|
Public Parking Lots
|
Nonresidential or residential use
is located within 900 feet of a parking lot that is available for
use by the public without charge (either directly or through a validation
program in which the subject use participates).
|
Three public parking lot spaces can
be substituted for every one required off-street parking space.
|
|
On-Street Parking
|
Use is located along one or more
public street frontages where public parking is permitted.
|
On-street parking within 500 feet
of any lot line may be credited to the parking requirement at a rate
of one credit for every two legal on-street parking spaces.
|
[Amended 10-26-2020 by Ord. No. 2020-69; 3-25-2024 by Ord. No. 2024-015]
A.
(Reserved)
B.
(Reserved)
C.
Electric vehicle charging. Any parking
space may be equipped with a power outlet or similar apparatus for
electric vehicle charging. Electric vehicle charging stations for
public use may provide non-illuminated directional signage, subject
to approval by the Economic and Community Development Director, to
identify the location of charging stations.
A.
Purpose. In all Districts, every building
occupied by one or more uses that require the receipt or distribution
of materials or merchandise by vehicles shall provide and maintain
off-street loading spaces as required by this section.
B.
Location.
(1)
All required loading berths shall
be off-street and shall be located on the same lot as the building
to be served.
(2)
No permitted or required loading
berth shall be located within 25 feet of the nearest point of intersection
of any two street right-of-way lines.
(3)
Loading/unloading areas and docks
shall be prohibited in the front yard or on any building side facing
and directly visible from a street.
(4)
Adjacent to a Residential District,
a loading space shall not be located closer than 30 feet to the Residential
District line unless it is contained within a completely enclosed
building or enclosed on all sides by a wall or solid fence not less
than six feet in height.
(5)
Loading and unloading activity shall
not be permitted in any public right-of-way, except in the D-1 Central
Business District, D-2 Downtown Transitional District or D-3 Downtown
Warehouse and Arts District as authorized by the Director of Public
Works.
C.
Access. Each required loading berth shall
be served by appropriate means of vehicular access to a street or
alley in a manner which will least interfere with traffic movements
as determined by the Director Public Works. Loading/unloading operations
shall not interfere with the normal movement of vehicular and pedestrian
traffic in public rights-of-way, off-street parking areas or internal
drives and sidewalks.
D.
Parking and loading area plan. The vehicular path and turning radii to the loading area must be shown on the Parking and Loading Area Plan that is required pursuant to § 44-1203B to verify truck maneuverability for the largest truck intended to serve the use.
E.
Surfacing. All open loading berths shall
be constructed on a stabilized subgrade with a pavement design meeting
one of the following requirements:
(1)
Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) or Warm Mix
Asphalt (WMA) pavement at least eight inches thick constructed in
not less than two lifts with the final surface course being not greater
than a two-inch lift. Bituminous Aggregate Mixture (BAM) may be included
as part of the overall asphalt structural thickness.
(2)
Portland Cement Concrete (PCC) pavement
at least six inches thick with steel or fiber reinforcement.
(3)
Portland Cement Concrete (PCC) pavement
at least eight inches non-reinforced.
(4)
Other pavement designs may be approved
by the Director of Public Works based on a formal submittal of the
pavement design calculations prepared by a licensed engineer.
F.
Repair and service. No storage of any kind,
nor motor vehicle repair work or service of any kind, shall be permitted
within any required loading berth.
G.
Space allocated. Space allocated to be
required loading berth shall not be used to satisfy any requirement
of this Code for off-street parking spaces.
H.
Site plan review. Modifications to loading
space and location requirements may be approved through Site Plan
Review if a determination is made that such modification would be
appropriate due to site constraints, or the number of deliveries experienced
by a particular use.
A.
Dimensional standard. A required loading
berth shall be at least 10 feet in width by at least 25 feet in length,
exclusive of aisle and maneuvering space, and shall have vertical
clearance of at least 14 feet.
B.
The minimum number of loading spaces shall
be provided in accordance with Table 1212B, Loading Space Requirements,
below.
|
Table 1212B: Loading Space Requirements
| ||
|---|---|---|
|
Use Type
|
Size
|
Loading Space(s)
|
|
Residential
|
0 — 24 dwelling units
|
0-4 None
|
|
> 25 dwelling units
|
1
| |
|
Nonresidential
|
Less than 20,000 GFA
|
None
|
|
20,000-74,999 GFA
|
2
| |
|
75,000-99,999 GFA
|
3
| |
|
> 100,000 GFA
|
4 5
| |
|
GFA = Gross Floor Area
| ||
C.
If a single loading space is required,
an alley may be used in lieu of the required loading space.
A.
Purpose. This section is established to
ensure provision of bicycle parking facilities in furtherance a safe,
complete, and efficient network of streets, bicycle-pedestrian facilities
and other infrastructure to serve users in any surface transportation
mode.
B.
Location.
(1)
Required bicycle parking shall be
provided on the same lot as the use for which it is intended to serve.
(2)
Bicycle racks shall be located such
that they are highly visible, with adequate lighting, from the street
and/or building entrance(s) from where bicyclists approach.
(3)
The location of bicycle parking shall
not conflict with pedestrian and/or motor vehicle circulation.
(4)
Bicycle parking shall be sited within
50 feet of a building's main entrance. If provided indoors, bicycle
parking shall be located within a common area designated for secure
bicycle storage.
(5)
Bicycle parking adjacent to a pedestrian
walkway shall be sited to ensure that a minimum five-foot walkway
clearance is maintained.
C.
Design criteria.
(1)
Bicycle facilities shall be of high
quality and reflect the architecture of the primary structure.
(2)
Bicycle racks shall be installed
on a hard surface parking area. The hard surface surrounding each
bicycle rack shall measure at least six feet by six feet in size.
(3)
Each bicycle rack shall provide parking
for at least two bicycles.
(4)
Racks shall allow for the bicycle
frame and at least one wheel to be locked to the racks.
(5)
The bicycle rack shall allow for
the use of a cable as well as a U-shaped lock.
(6)
Installation of bicycle parking facilities
shall conform to the manufacturer requirements.
D.
Dimensional standards.
(1)
Each bicycle parking space shall
be a minimum six feet in length.
(2)
Bicycle racks shall be located at
least three feet in all directions from any obstruction, including
but not limited to other bicycle racks, walls, doors, posts, columns,
or landscaping.
(3)
A minimum vertical clearance of seven
feet shall be maintained above all bicycle parking facilities.
E.
Required bicycle parking.
(1)
Exemption. The bicycle parking requirements
of this section shall apply to all uses other than the following uses:
(a)
Any use in the D-1 Central Business
District;
(b)
Any Industrial Use (includes light
and heavy manufacturing, storage and equipment yards, transportation,
utilities).
(c)
Country Clubs, Golf Clubs, Golf Courses;
(d)
Fairgrounds, Agricultural Exhibits;
(e)
Hotel/motel;
(f)
Mobile food vending;
(g)
Residential Single-Family, Single-Family
Attached, Two-Family, Mobile Homes;
(h)
Riding Stables, Riding Schools;
(i)
Roadside Markets;
(j)
Truck Stops, Truck Plazas; Truck
Washes.
(k)
Vehicle Salvage and Wrecking Operations;
(l)
Vehicle storage;
(m)
Any similar use to the uses listed
herein, or any use exclusively oriented to motor vehicles, as determined
by the Economic and Community Development Director.
[Amended 10-26-2020 by Ord. No. 2020-69]
(2)
When the required amount of bicycle
parking is two spaces or less, the use shall provide a minimum of
two spaces in a bicycle parking facility.
(3)
Unless otherwise specified herein,
bicycle parking shall be provided at the ratio specified in Table
1212E.
|
Table 1212E: Bicycle Parking Requirements
| |
|---|---|
|
Use Type
|
Bicycle Parking
|
|
Residential
|
0-5 dwelling units — none
|
|
> 5 dwelling units — 25% of
required vehicle parking
| |
|
Nonresidential
|
5% of required vehicle parking (up
to 20 bicycle spaces)
|
|
2.5% of required vehicle parking
(> 21 bicycle spaces)
| |
F.
Motor vehicle parking reduction. Parking
requirements may be reduced by one off-street parking space for every
four bicycle parking spaces provided in excess of the minimum required
by Table 1212E. A maximum reduction of 50% of the total required off-street
parking spaces shall be allowed.
G.
The provisions of this section may be waived
or modified through Site Plan Review procedures if a determination
is made that it is infeasible to fulfill bicycle parking requirements
due to site constraints, proximity to existing bicycle parking, and
the nature of the proposed building or use.
A.
Purpose. The purpose of this section is
to establish mobility and circulation standards that allow reasonable
access to properties; create a continuous network of non-motorized
pathways within and between developments; maintain the capacity of
existing public infrastructure as land development occurs; ensure
safe access to and from streets by emergency vehicles; and reduce
interference with through traffic by other vehicles, bicycles, and
pedestrians.
B.
Street and site connectivity.
(1)
Internal circulation drives shall
be arranged to promote the alignment and continuation of existing
or proposed streets and drives into adjacent lots, developed or undeveloped.
(2)
Cross access. In any Business, Manufacturing
or Public Interest District, vehicular cross-access shall be provided
to allow circulation between sites without the need to reenter the
public right-of-way.
(a)
A stub for future cross access shall
be provided from the vehicular use area to adjacent lots.
(b)
A cross-access easement shall be
recorded prior to the issuance of a Building Certificate of Occupancy
for the development.
(c)
The requirement for vehicular cross-access
may be waived through Site Plan Review procedures where the provision
of such access is infeasible and appropriate pedestrian and bicycle
access is dedicated to adjacent uses.
C.
Pedestrian circulation. All single-family
attached and multiple-family residential, nonresidential, and mixed-use
developments shall comply with the following standards:
(1)
Continuous internal pedestrian walkways
shall be provided to connect off-street surface parking areas with
the primary entrances of main buildings.
(2)
Conflict between pedestrians and
traffic shall be minimized at all points of pedestrian access to on-site
parking and building entrances, and between buildings.
(3)
At least one pedestrian walkway with
a minimum width of five feet shall be provided from the internal pedestrian
walkway network to the public sidewalk system. In the case of corner
lots, connections shall be made to the sidewalks of both streets.
(4)
All internal pedestrian walkways
shall be distinguished from driving surfaces through the use of durable,
low-maintenance surface materials such as pavers, bricks, or scored/stamped
concrete or asphalt.
