The purpose of this chapter is to provide design standards that are unique for specific development types provided in this chapter, as applicable according to section 17.118.020 (Applicability). The development types addressed in this chapter include single-family residential development; hillside development; commercial, office, and industrial development; and signs. The design standards and guidelines contained in this section supplement the standards in chapter 17.120 (General Design Provisions).
A. 
Single-Family Home Designs. The placement of houses in single-family residential subdivisions is an important element in creating a functional and quality living environment. Single-family residential development should promote an attractive streetscape through architectural and site planning design elements that create variety and interest. Housing tracts characterized by repetitious street scenes of nearly identical two-story houses built at the minimum setback lines are not desirable. Generally, it requires a combination of design concept solutions to achieve the goal of creating varied, interesting, and attractive streetscapes.
1. 
Standards.
a. 
At least 25 percent (of all single-family detached units in any new single-family residential development in a Residential Development Zone consisting of four or more units) shall be single-story units. The number of single-story units may be reduced on a case-by-case basis when needed to serve the purposes of this Development Code and when justified by such considerations as location, lot size, and topography.
b. 
Vary front yard setbacks by at least five feet so that no house has the same front yard setback as a house, plotted on an immediately adjacent lot on either side of it, with primary frontage on the same street.
c. 
Vary garage treatments such as detached and semi-detached, side and rear entries, etc.
d. 
On flag lots, use 12-foot width for that portion of the driveway providing access to the garage to minimize concrete and maximize landscaping potential.
e. 
Taper three-or four-car garage driveways down to a standard two-car width at street.
f. 
Vary floor plans and elevations as shown in Table 17.122.010-1 (Single-Family Variations Required).
TABLE 17.122.010-1: SINGLE-FAMILY VARIATIONS REQUIRED
Number of Dwellings
Required Floor Plans (minimum) (1), (3)
Elevations (minimum per required floor plan) (2), (3)
5-10
2
2
11-20
2
3
21-40
3
3
41-60
3
4
61-80
4
4
81-100
5
4
Over 100
5+ 1 (for each 40 additional)
4
Table notes:
The following may be counted as additional floorplans
(1)
A minimum 30% reverse footprints are required. Reverse footprints shall not be counted as a required floor plan.
(2)
Reverse footprints and alternate color schemes shall not count as additional elevations. Variations in the following design elements, which create a significant difference in streetscape appearance, shall count as additional elevations:
• Plans with different architectural styles.
• Plans with changes in massing and scale.
• Plans with different architectural styles.
• Plans with roof ridges running in different directions.
• Plans with significant changes in roof pitch appropriate to the style.
(3)
The design committee may consider alternate mixes of floor plans and elevations that achieve the goal of providing variety in the street scene of new subdivisions.
2. 
Guidelines.
a. 
Avoid excessive repetition of single-family homes with near identical floor plans and elevations. Clustering houses around common space, zero lot line, reverse plotting, angling house to the street, and side entry garages may be permitted if they provide streetscape variety and visual interest, particularly in the Low Medium Zone.
b. 
Use two-car garages with bonus room on some floor plans or offset the third car space to avoid garages which dominate the streetscape. One-story massing is preferred on corner side yards.
c. 
Avoid identical or similar elevation schemes plotted on adjacent lots or across the street from one another.
d. 
Avoid identical color schemes plotted on adjacent lots.
e. 
Vary lot size and lot width in order to provide designers with opportunities to include significant variations in house orientation that balance livable open space with mass. For example, a wider lot creates opportunity for greater separation between homes and accommodates side entry garages.
f. 
Design house size and mass in proportion to the lot size and lot dimensions. Houses that project a two-story volume straight up at the minimum setbacks on small lots are inappropriate.
g. 
Provide greater variation in front yard setback on larger lots (e.g., two acres or larger).
h. 
Vary garage treatments such as detached and semi-detached, side and rear entries, etc.
i. 
Pair garages to create larger front yards, allow greater separation between driveways, and create variety along the streetscape.
B. 
Subdivision Design. The following standards and guidelines apply:
1. 
Standards.
a. 
Provide two means of ingress and egress.
b. 
Spacing for right-of-way widths, street sections, street radii, and intersections shall conform to the street design policy available from the engineering department.
c. 
Corner lots are to be wider than interior lots.
d. 
If the proposed subdivision is bordered or surrounded by undeveloped land, prepare a conceptual subdivision master plan for those properties to demonstrate how circulation routes could be plotted, e.g. for vehicles, pedestrians, and emergency access, and how storm water drainage infrastructure could be provided.
e. 
Provide four-way intersections (not offset "T" type intersections) on collector or larger streets.
f. 
Intersections, including knuckles, shall be perpendicular (radialoncurves).
g. 
Align intersections with existing streets or provide adequate spacing between intersections.
2. 
Guidelines.
a. 
Physically integrate and align the design of lots and streets with one another to create connected neighborhoods.
b. 
Physically integrate and align the design of new development with existing or potential adjacent development relative to street design and lot pattern.
c. 
Avoid double-frontage lots on interior streets.
(Ord. No. 1000 § 4, 2022; Ord. No. 1023, 1/17/2024)
These Hillside Design Standards and Guidelines are intended to facilitate the appropriate development of hillside areas and apply within the Hillside Overlay Zone and Hillside Residential Zone.
A. 
Site design.
1. 
Standards.
a. 
To the extent possible, the width of a building, measured in the direction of the slope, shall be minimized in order to limit the amount of cutting and filling and to better "fit" the house to the natural terrain.
b. 
In steeper terrain (20 percent slope and greater), front yard setbacks may be reduced to a minimum of 20 feet from back of curb or back of sidewalk, whichever is more restrictive, in order to minimize rear yard grading.
2. 
Guidelines.
a. 
Design of building sites should be sensitive to the natural terrain and structures located in such a way as to minimize necessary grading and to preserve natural features (such as prominent knolls or ridgelines) to the maximum extent possible.
FIGURE 17.122.020-1 MINIMIZE UNNECESSARY GRADING
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B. 
Views. Minimize impact to views of significant visual features as seen from both within and outside a hillside development. When designing lots and plotting homes, the following standards and guidelines apply:
1. 
Standards.
a. 
Any significant public vista or view corridor as seen from a secondary collector or major arterial shall be maintained.
FIGURE 17.122.020-2 RETAIN INTEGRITY OF NATURAL SLOPE
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2. 
Guidelines.
a. 
Houses should be oriented to provide the opportunity, if available, for views to residents of the house (although such views may be limited).
b. 
Residential development projects should incorporate site plotting solutions such as clustering houses in a "compact" location; variable setbacks between houses; multiple orientations of the plotting of the houses; and other site planning techniques to preserve open spaces on the project site, protect natural features on the project site, and provide the opportunity, if available, for views to residents of the new development (although such views may be limited).
c. 
Privacy within the rear yards of new and existing residential development should be considered when planning the plotting of a house on a lot; the location and size of windows when designing floor plans; and the location and size of balconies, decks, etc. when designing exterior elevations. However, this guideline should not altogether restrict specific building placements, windows, and/or exterior features.
FIGURE 17.122.020-3 PRESERVE OPEN SPACE WITH CLUSTERING
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d. 
Whenever possible, as based on the overall parcel configuration and orientation, homes should be designed to front onto east-west streets or should be plotted to follow the natural contours rather than fronting onto north-south streets.
e. 
Where possible, graded areas should be designed with manufactured slopes located on the uphill side of structures, thereby hiding the slope behind the structure.
f. 
Clustering of development through density transfer should be encouraged in environmentally sensitive areas in order to reduce the potential for fire hazard and spread, erosion, and excess runoff and to preserve existing natural features and open space.
FIGURE 17.122.020-4 PLACE MANUFACTURED SLOPES BEHIND BUILDINGS
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C. 
Roadways and driveways.
1. 
Standards.
a. 
Conform roadways to the natural landform. The physical and visual character of a hillside should not be altered by creating large notches in ridgelines or by defining wide straight alignments. Reduced road sections, split sections, and parking bays should be considered in the layout of hillside streets to reduce grading.
FIGURE 17.122.020-5 GANG DRIVEWAYS TO REDUCE GRADING
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b. 
Where road construction is permitted in hillside areas, disruption to the natural landform and existing vegetation shall be minimized to the maximum extent possible. Regrading to approximate the profile of the natural slope conditions is preferred; retaining walls are discouraged and, if necessary, shall be screened with landscape materials. The view along a street front should create a pleasant appearance with a sense of open space and landscaping. Some techniques include the following:
i. 
Utilize landform planting in order to create a natural appearance and provide a sense of privacy.
ii. 
Reduce the impact of grading and resulting retaining walls by creating visual interest with the combined use of terraced or crib walls, landscaping, and variations in the texture and pattern of sidewalks and wall materials.
iii. 
Where adjacent to a steep hillside, minimal grading for the road and right-of-way, with a transition to a natural landscape, can be utilized to provide an open and more rural appearance.
iv. 
A split roadway increases the amount and appearance of landscaping, and the median can be used to handle drainage.
v. 
Where retaining walls are proven to be absolutely necessary adjacent to roadways or within street setbacks, they shall be limited to three feet in height and screened with landscape materials to create an aesthetically pleasing streetscape. Otherwise, terraced or stepped structures shall be utilized which are separated by a minimum of three feet and screened with appropriate landscape materials.
c. 
Driveways that serve more than one parcel are encouraged as a method of reducing unnecessary grading, paving, and site disturbance.
FIGURE 17.122.020-6 VARY ROADWAY CROSS-SECTIONS BASED ON SLOPE
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d. 
Driveway grades above 15 percent may be permitted up to a maximum of 20 percent, provided they are aligned with the natural contours of the land, if determined necessary to achieve site design, and if all safety considerations have been met to the satisfaction of building and fire officials. Proper design considerations shall be employed, including such items as vertical curves and parking landings. In any case, parking landings shall be utilized on all drives over ten percent grade.
e. 
Driveways shall not be permitted that exceed 20 percent slope except that one length, not at the point of access, of not more than ten feet may have a slope of 22 percent.
f. 
On driveways with a slope of 20 percent or greater, a coarse paving material or grooves for traction must be incorporated into the construction. These driveways shall not exceed 100 feet in length from the bottom of the approach to the structure.
FIGURE 17.122.020-7 PRESERVE EXISTING LANDFORMS IN ROADWAY DESIGNS
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g. 
Retaining walls, not to exceed four feet in height, are permitted for soil stabilization adjacent to a driveway. Retaining walls shall be screened with appropriate landscape materials when grading is unavoidable. Otherwise, terraced retaining walls shall be utilized which are separated by a minimum of three feet and appropriate landscape materials.
h. 
Adjacent to driveways, slopes no greater than 50 percent (ratio of 2:1) will be permitted.
i. 
Driveways shall enter public/private streets maintaining adequate line of sight.
j. 
At the point where driveways intersect the public right-of-way, the pavement of the driveway shall not be a minimum of five feet from any side property line. Exceptions may be considered based on lot size, percentage of slope, and use as a common (joint) driveway.
FIGURE 17.122.020-8 LANDSCAPING OF RETAINING WALLS
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D. 
Architecture. The form, mass, and profile of the individual buildings and architectural features should be designed to blend with the natural terrain and preserve the character and profile of the natural slope.
1. 
Standards.
a. 
Terrace the building to follow the slope. Where possible, use roofs on lower levels for the deck open spaces of upper levels. Where decks are provided, they shall be a minimum of six feet in width to provide adequate usable area and to effectively break up the mass.
b. 
Use split pads, stepped footings, and grade separations to permit structure to step up the natural slope. Rooflines should terrace with the pad.
FIGURE 17.122.020-9 FOUNDATION TYPES ON HILLSIDES
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c. 
Detach parts of a dwelling such as a garage.
d. 
Avoid the use of gable ends on downhill elevations. The roof slope should be oriented in the same direction as the natural slope.
FIGURE 17.122.020-10 AVOID GABLED ENDS ON DOWNHILL ELEVATIONS
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FIGURE 17.122.020-11 AVOID LARGE ROOF OVERHANGS
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FIGURE 17.122.020-12 CONFORM DESIGN OF STRUCTURE TO SLOPE
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e. 
The building envelope for all structures shall be as follows:
i. 
Downhill lot. An overall maximum height of 30 feet is permitted, as measured from finished grade, from the required front setback extending toward the rear of the lot. The maximum height at the side setbacks shall be 15 feet extending up toward the center of the lot at a 45-degree angle to a maximum height of 30 feet as measured from finished grade.
ii. 
Uphill lot. A maximum height of 15 feet is permitted at the required front setback and shall extend up and toward the rear of the lot at a 45-degree angle to a maximum overall height of 30 feet as measured from finished grade. A maximum height at the required side setbacks shall be 15 feet extending up toward the center of the lot at a 45-degree angle to a maximum height of 30 feet as measured from finished grade.
iii. 
Cross-slope lots. A maximum overall height of 30 feet is permitted, as measured from finished grade, from the required front setback extending toward the rear of the lot. The maximum height at the required side setbacks shall be 15 feet extending up toward the center of the lot at a 45-degree angle to a maximum of 30 feet as measured from finished grade.
f. 
Excavate underground or utilize below-grade rooms to reduce effective bulk and to provide energy-efficient and environmentally desirable spaces. However, the visible area of the building shall be minimized through a combined use of regrading and landscaping techniques. For example, the use of earth berms around the lower part of the house minimizes larger visual expanses of wall areas and functions as a natural solar heating and cooling insulator.
g. 
Exterior structural supports and undersides of floors and decks not enclosed by walls will be approved only if it is proven that no alternative type of construction is feasible and that fire safety and aesthetic considerations have been adequately addressed.
2. 
Guidelines.
a. 
The design of the structure shall give consideration to the lot's size and configuration in order to avoid the appearance of overbuilding or crowding and to minimize the blocking of views. For example, within a development, the majority of the units should not be designed with minimum setback to minimum setback.
b. 
Avoid large expanses of a single material on walls, roofs, or paving areas. Create interesting, small-scale patterns by breaking up building mass, varying building materials, and through design and placement of windows and doors.
c. 
Building materials and color schemes should blend with the natural landscape. Treated wood or materials of a wood-like appearance, having the necessary fire-retardant characteristics, are encouraged for exterior surfaces. Where exterior stucco is used, it should have a final coat of integrated color in a muted earth tone. Contrasting color accents should be kept to a minimum, particularly on the view side. Use of other natural materials, such as river rock, is encouraged.
E. 
Walls and fences.
1. 
Guidelines.
a. 
Walls and fences can be used to define a sense of place and create an attractive appearance. However, walls should not dominate a view, and their height should be limited adjacent to a street or trail or within a rear yard. Terracing and extensive landscaping can reduce the effective bulk. In addition, street-front walls should incorporate varying design and natural materials. The use of open-view fencing is encouraged, so long as adequate public safety and residential privacy are maintained.
b. 
Fences will be allowed immediately adjacent to structures to provide a private outdoor area. These fences shall be designed as an integral part of the building in order to minimize the visual impact on surrounding areas.
c. 
Walls and fences shall integrate materials and colors used in the structure's facade. Naturally occurring materials, such as river rock, shall be used whenever possible.
d. 
Walls and fencing visible from the public right-of-way shall be designed to incorporate visual interest through variation in placement, use of planters, differing materials, and modulation of the wall plane.
F. 
Landscaping.
1. 
Standards.
a. 
In wildland-urban interface fire areas, landscaping shall be in accordance with fire district codes and standards.
FIGURE 17.122.020-13 FENCING ON HILLSIDES
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FIGURE 17.122.020-14 NATURAL LANDFORM PLANTING
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b. 
In order to protect slopes from soil erosion and slippage and to facilitate significant revegetation, a permanent irrigation system shall be installed on all slopes with required planting. However, the emphasis shall be toward using plant materials that will eventually not need to be irrigated. Water and energy conservation techniques shall be utilized, including, but not limited to, such items as drip irrigation and alluvial rockscape.
c. 
Landscaping shall be used to screen views of downslope elevations. When the structure height exceeds 20 feet from finished grade on a downslope side, additional landscaping will be required.
d. 
Slopes with required planting shall be planted with informal clusters of trees and shrubs to soften and vary the slope plane. Where slopes are two to one (2:1) and five feet or greater in height, jute netting shall be used to help stabilize planting and minimize soil erosion.
e. 
Native vegetation shall be retained and supplemented in canyons and along natural drainage courses.
2. 
Guidelines.
a. 
Natural landform planting should be used to soften manufactured slopes, reduce the impact of development on steep slopes or ridgelines, and provide erosion control.
b. 
Maintain a "vegetative backdrop" by replanting with native trees. The vegetation should screen structures to the extent possible at maturity and preserve the appearance of the natural skyline.
FIGURE 17.122.020-15 VEGETATIVE BACKDROP
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c. 
In order to minimize the grading of large flat areas and encourage water conservation techniques, large expanses of low-growing grass in the front and side yards adjacent to a street are discouraged.
d. 
Native or naturalized plants, or other plant species that blend naturally with the landscape, shall be utilized in all areas with required planting.
G. 
Grading.
1. 
Standards.
a. 
Grading shall be phased so that prompt revegetation or construction will control erosion. Where possible, only those areas that will be built on, resurfaced, or landscaped shall be disturbed. Topsoil shall be stockpiled during rough grading and used on cut and fill slopes.
FIGURE 17.122.020-16 GRADING TO MATCH NATURAL CONTOURS
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FIGURE 17.122.020-17 AVOID STRAIGHT SLOPE BANKS
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b. 
Grading operations shall be planned to avoid the rainy season, October 15th to April 15th. Grading permits shall only be issued when a plan for erosion control and silt retention has been approved by the planning director and building official, without regard to time of year.
c. 
No excavation or other earth disturbance shall be permitted on any hillside area prior to the issuance of a grading permit, with the exception of drill holes and exploratory trenches for the collection of geologic and soil data. These trenches are to be properly backfilled and, in addition, erosion treatment provided where slopes exceed 20 percent.
d. 
To encourage maintenance of slopes for erosion control and aesthetics, property lines shall be located two feet back from the top of slope.
e. 
No point on any structure subject to the provisions of this section shall be closer to a visually prominent ridgeline than 150 feet measured horizontally on a topographic map or 50 feet measured vertically on a cross-section, whichever is more restrictive.
f. 
Lot padding is limited to the boundaries of the structure's foundation, a usable rear yard area (residential only) of 15 feet adjacent to and between the structure and top or toe of slope, and a 24-foot by 24-foot corral area. If it is physically unfeasible to design a reasonably usable yard area due to conflict with other grading standards, then other forms of usable open space should be considered, such as decks, patios, balconies, or other similar forms of built structures designed to fit the natural topography.
g. 
No finished slopes greater than 50 percent (ratio of 2:1) may be created except beneath the enclosed envelope of a structure where the maximum created slope is limited to 67 percent (ratio of 1.5:1) or less.
h. 
Slopes within city-maintained landscape easements shall not exceed a maximum grade of 3:1 or 33 1/3 percent.
i. 
Fill or excavation shall not exceed a depth of five feet at any point except where the planning commission determines that unusual topography, soil conditions, previous grading, or other unusual circumstances indicate that such grading would be reasonable and necessary.
FIGURE 17.122.020-18 CONFORM BUILDING PADS TO NATURAL CONTOURS
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j. 
All retaining walls shall be screened with appropriate landscape materials. Retaining walls are limited to:
i. 
One upslope (from the structure) not to exceed four feet in height. Otherwise, terraced retaining structures shall be utilized which are separated by a minimum of three feet and appropriate landscaping.
ii. 
One downslope from the structure not to exceed four feet in height. Where an additional retained portion is necessary due to unusual or extreme conditions (such as lot configuration, steep slope, or road design), the use of terraced retaining structures shall be considered on an individual lot basis. Terraced walls shall not exceed three feet in height and shall be separated by a minimum of three feet and appropriate landscaping. Terracing is not to be used as a typical solution within a development.
iii. 
On lots sloping with the street, and other configurations not discussed above, one retaining wall, not to exceed three and one-half feet in height, may be used in a side yard where necessary.
iv. 
Walls that are an integral part of the structure may exceed eight feet in height; however, their visual impact will be mitigated through contour grading and landscape techniques.
v. 
On horse-keeping lots, additional retaining walls, not to exceed four feet in height, are allowed to provide a flat, usable corral area and access to trails.
k. 
Cut or fill slopes shall not exceed eight feet in height at perimeters of the site or elsewhere without the use of walls, terracing, and other mitigating measures, such as contour grading or landscape buffering, and then only as approved by the planning commission after conclusive demonstration that such cut or fill heights will not adversely affect adjacent properties, views, landforms, or other significant considerations not specifically discussed here, and that they are absolutely required to accomplish land development under extreme or unusual circumstances and conditions.
FIGURE 17.122.020-19 USE OF CRIB WALLS
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H. 
Drainage.
1. 
Standards.
a. 
Drainage channels shall use an AC or concrete liner in addition to a naturalizing treatment.
b. 
Debris basins and energy-dissipating devices shall be provided, where necessary, to reduce erosion when grading is undertaken in the hillside areas. Natural drainage courses shall be protected from grading activity. In instances where crossing is required, a natural crossing and bank protection shall be preferred over steel and concrete systems. Where brow ditches are required, they shall be naturalized with plant materials and native rocks.
c. 
Building permits and grading permits shall not be issued for construction on any site without an approved location for disposal of runoff waters, including, but not limited to, such facilities as a drainage channel, public street or alley, or private drainage easement that is not adequately protected from off-site drainage.
d. 
The use of cross-lot drainage shall be minimized. In situations where this is not possible using conventional design, optional techniques including, but not limited to, single loaded streets and reduced densities shall be considered. Extensive use of cross-lot drainage shall be subject to planning commission review and may be considered only after demonstration that this method will not adversely affect the proposed lots or adjacent properties and that it is absolutely required in order to minimize the amount of grading which would result with conventional drainage practices.
e. 
Where cross-lot drainage is utilized, the following shall apply:
i. 
Project interiors. One lot may drain across one other lot if an easement is provided within either an improved, open V-swale gutter which has a naturalized appearance or within a closed drainage pipe that shall be a minimum inches in diameter. In both cases, an integral wall shall be constructed. This drainage shall be conveyed to either a public street or to a drainage easement. If drainage is conveyed to a private easement, it shall be maintained by a homeowners association; otherwise, the drainage shall be conveyed to a public easement such as a public alley, paseo, or trail. The easement width shall be determined on an individual basis and shall be dependent on appropriate hydrologic studies and access requirements.
ii. 
Project boundaries. On-site drainage shall be conveyed in an improved open V-swale gutter that has a naturalized appearance or within an underground pipe in either a private drainage easement, which is to be maintained by a homeowners association, or conveyed in a public easement such as a public alley, paseo, or trail. The easement width shall be determined on an individual basis and shall be dependent on appropriate hydrologic studies and access requirements.
2. 
Guidelines.
a. 
Where possible, drainage channels should be placed in less visible locations, and more importantly, should receive a naturalizing treatment including native rock, colored concrete, and landscaping so that the structure appears as an integral part of the environment.
b. 
Natural drainage courses should be preserved and enhanced to the extent possible. Rather than filling them in, drainage features should be incorporated as an integral part of the project design in order to enhance the overall quality and aesthetics of a site, to provide attractive open space vistas, and to preserve the natural character of the area.
I. 
Trails.
1. 
Guidelines. Trails are an integral part of a hillside area and provide recreation areas for equestrian, hiking, and biking uses. They can also function as a means to take up grade or to convey drainage.
a. 
In hillside areas, it is not always necessary to provide full improvements for trails. A more natural experience may be achieved, and the amount of grading required can be reduced, by providing minimal improvements in appropriate areas, such as undevelopable, steep slopes.
(Ord. No. 1000 § 4, 2022)
The majority of design standards and guidelines for commercial, office, and industrial development are provided in chapter 17.120 (General Design Provisions). This section contains only those provisions that are unique to commercial, office, and/or industrial development.
A. 
Special site design provisions.
1. 
Standards.
a. 
Screen drive-through lanes from public view by orienting the building and a combination of landscaping, berming, and low screen walls.
2. 
Guidelines.
a. 
For commercial projects, give special attention to creating pedestrian scale and an inviting place for pedestrians to shop.
b. 
Site amenities, such as walls, hardscape, street furniture, trash enclosures, lighting, and monument signs, should be designed as part of the total architectural package for the project.
c. 
Integrate signs into the architectural program.
B. 
Parking areas. The following standards and guidelines apply:
1. 
Standards.
a. 
Screen parking areas from public view with landscaping, low walls, grade differentials, and building orientation.
b. 
For parking areas, include one tree for every three parking stalls for shade.
2. 
Guidelines.
a. 
Distribute parking evenly throughout a site instead of concentrating all in one large parking lot.
b. 
Consider the types of users desired and plan the project accordingly rather than trying to maximize building floor area.
c. 
Parking areas should not be the dominant element in the overall design of a project and should be designed to minimize visual disruption.
d. 
The design of parking areas should also minimize auto noise, light and glare, and ambient air temperature. This can be accomplished through the use of sound walls, general location, use of well-designed lights, and landscaping throughout the parking lot.
C. 
Pedestrian orientation.
1. 
Guidelines.
a. 
Colonnades or loggias and other covered walkways or structures that provide shade to pedestrian spaces shall be utilized whenever possible.
b. 
At street level, the use of building materials and building details that relate to human activity shall be required where appropriate.
c. 
Convenient pedestrian circulation shall be provided throughout all projects to connect public streets, parking areas, and public transit facilities with buildings and pedestrian open spaces.
d. 
Open spaces shall be integrated with pedestrian walks and defined by landscaping and other elements to create a sense of place.
e. 
Where possible, open spaces shall be accessible to the public.
f. 
Street furniture. Benches, light standards, kiosks, trash receptacles, and other street furniture in on-site open spaces shall be designed in a coordinated fashion to enhance the appearance and function of the site and open space.
g. 
Pedestrian areas shall be highly visible and well lit.
D. 
Special architectural provisions.
1. 
Standards.
a. 
Paint roll-up doors and service doors to blend in with main building colors.
b. 
The creative use of building materials is required. A minimum of two primary building materials shall be used. The recommended primary and secondary building materials are as follows:
i. 
Primary building materials: concrete including form-lined and sandblasted concrete; textured/decorative block (CMU) including split-face and slumpstone block; and rock paneling including granite; marble; and slate, and glass/glazing as the dominant finish at office areas/pods/corners. Similar primary materials may be considered on a caseby-case basis.
ii. 
Secondary building materials: glass/glazing accents, tile trim, polished metals including brass, copper, and aluminum; brick; distressed wood; painted metal elements; and painted accent stripes. Similar secondary materials may be considered on a case-by-case basis.
c. 
The application/use of metal, e.g. prefabricated sheets/paneling for exterior walls, columns, exposed framing, roofing, and finishes (except as an accent material/trim) for all buildings within all industrial zones (Neo-Industrial, Industrial Employment, etc.) is prohibited.
2. 
Guidelines.
a. 
For commercial projects, vary the roof through the use of vertical separations, vary the roof structure, or vary the parapet line or ridgeline.
b. 
Provide interest and variation to storefront designs for shopping centers to complement the architectural style. Design elements to be considered include providing offsets or bays, strong base material, varying storefront treatment, multi-pane windows, and varying the bulkhead treatment.
c. 
For industrial buildings, design the office portion as the architectural focus with the appearance of an office building in terms of detail and amount of glass.
(Ord. No. 1000 § 4, 2022)
Every building shall be designed with a precise concept for adequate signing. Provisions for sign placement and sign scale in relationship with building and readability shall be considered in developing the signing concept. While providing the most effective signing, it shall also be highly compatible with the building and site design relative to color, material, and placement. The city's goal is to promote a quality visual environment by allowing signs that are compatible with their surroundings and effectively communicate their message.
A. 
Combining signs and architecture.
1. 
Integrate signs into the architectural scheme. Indeed, the building itself can serve as a large and impressive sign. To achieve this effect, however, the individual signs on the facade should reinforce the character of the building, not obscure or detract from it.
2. 
Use signs as a means of business identification rather than as a form of advertising.
3. 
Simple messages, layout, and color scheme make signs easier to read.
4. 
Select colors and materials that complement the architecture, including monument signs.
5. 
Size of signs should be proportional to the scale of the building and their affixed surface.
6. 
Use wall sign placement to direct the customer to the business location.
7. 
Visually balance the sign area with the building mass and height rather than designing to the maximum standard.
B. 
Signs for office and industrial development.
1. 
Consider the layout and shape of the architectural features of the building. Design elements such as window patterns (vertical and horizontal rectangles, arches, squares, etc.) will help determine the sign shape that will suit the building.
2. 
Use individual letters rather than canister-type signs.
C. 
Uniform sign program.
1. 
Provide a uniform sign program for shopping centers and office or industrial complexes with multiple buildings to create a coordinated project theme of uniform design elements, such as color, lettering style, and placement.
2. 
Specify a consistent sign type and avoid mixing different sign types, such as canister signs with channelized letters.
3. 
Use a consistent size (e.g., maximum height and length) that is proportionate to the building.
4. 
For shopping centers, use an 18-inch maximum letter height. For buildings plotted at the street setback line, use a 12-inch maximum letter height.
5. 
Limit sign length to be no greater than 65 to 70 percent of the leased space width.
(Ord. No. 1000 § 4, 2022)