This article provides the sampling, analysis and monitoring requirements applicable to users of the POTW. It does not apply to domestic users except as may be determined appropriate in specific cases by the Director. All users required by this chapter (or by any permit, order, decision or determination issued or made under this chapter) to sample, monitor and analyze their discharges to the POTW shall do so according to the minimum requirements provided by this article. Additional or more restrictive sampling, analytical or monitoring requirements may be required for a particular user by a permit, order, decision or determination issued or made under this chapter.
All sampling, measurements, tests, and analyses of the characteristics of discharges to the POTW shall be performed in accordance with the procedures approved by the U.S. EPA contained in 40 CFR Part 136. If, as determined by the Director, the sampling and analytical techniques contained in 40 CFR Part 136 are not available, do not apply to the discharge or pollutants in question, are not appropriate under the circumstances for application to the discharge or pollutants in question, or where one or more alternate techniques are available under 40 CFR Part 136, sampling and analysis shall be performed using validated sampling and analytical methods and procedures approved or required by the Director.
Users shall sample their discharges to the POTW at a frequency necessary to assess and assure compliance with the requirements of this chapter, any permit or order issued pursuant to this chapter, all applicable pretreatment standards and requirements, other applicable state and federal laws and regulations, or as otherwise determined necessary by the Director consistent with the purposes and intent of this chapter. At a minimum, all significant industrial users shall sample their effluent two times per year (once every six months) or as often as provided by their permits, whichever is more frequent, and report the results to the POTW. Each discharge point to the POTW shall be sampled and reported individually.
Where representative samples are required to be taken for facilities for which historical sampling data does not exist (or if otherwise requested by the Director), a user shall take a minimum of four grab samples for pH, temperature, cyanide, phenols (T), residual chlorine, oil and grease, sulfide, and volatile organics (and any other parameters designated by the Director), unless a greater number of grab samples is required in advance by the Director. For facilities for which historical sampling data is available, or under other circumstances determined appropriate by the Director, the Director may authorize a lower minimum number of grab samples (except that historical data shall not be used for periodic compliance reports as required by § 28-08.02). In all cases, users shall take the minimum number of grab samples determined necessary by the Director to assess and assure compliance by users with applicable pretreatment standards and requirements. Grab samples may be required to show compliance with instantaneous minimum or instantaneous maximum discharge limits. For all other pollutants and sampling, twenty-four-hour composite samples must be obtained through flow-proportional composite sampling techniques, unless time-proportional composite sampling or grab sampling is authorized by the Director. Where time-proportional composite sampling or grab sampling is authorized by the Director, the samples must be representative of the discharge and the decision to allow the alternative sampling must be documented in the Industrial User file for that facility or facilities. Using protocols (including appropriate preservation) specified in 40 CFR Part 136 and appropriate EPA guidance, multiple grab samples collected during a twenty-four-hour period may be composited prior to the analysis as follows: for cyanide, total phenols, and sulfides the samples may be composited in the laboratory or in the field; for volatile organics and oil and grease, the samples may be composited in the laboratory. Composite samples for other parameters unaffected by the compositing procedures as documented in approved EPA methodologies may be authorized by the Director, as appropriate.
A. 
General. A user shall use the sampling methods, sampling equipment, and sampling location specified by the user's user permit, or, in the absence of a permit, as otherwise required by the Director.
B. 
Contaminated groundwater. For discharges to the POTW from remedial actions related to leaking underground storage tanks or other sources of contaminated groundwater, the Director may require the following analyses or such other analyses as determined appropriate by the Director:
(1) 
Samples shall be analyzed for benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene and xylene using the latest methods approved by U.S. EPA.
(2) 
For total petroleum hydrocarbons, samples shall be analyzed according to the latest methods approved by U.S. EPA.
C. 
The Director may require continuous monitoring for pH or other parameters.
All required monitoring, taking of samples, and sample analyses, whether performed by the Director or by a user, including, but not limited to, the costs or fees associated with inspection or surveillance, shall be at the sole cost of the user. For users with more than one outfall, each outfall monitored shall be charged separately.
A. 
Except as otherwise provided by this chapter, self-monitoring shall be conducted by each nondomestic user to insure compliance with all applicable requirements of this chapter and other applicable laws and regulations.
B. 
A user performing its own sampling shall submit the samples for analysis to a laboratory (which may include the user's own laboratory) approved by the Director.
C. 
A user performing its own sampling or monitoring shall record and maintain for all samples and monitoring (including any sampling and monitoring associated with best management practices) the date, exact location (which shall match sampling locations identified in the user's user permit, as applicable), exact time (including start time and stop time) and type and method of sampling or measurement, and the name(s) of person(s) taking the samples or measurements; sampler programming information; the sample preservation techniques or procedures used; the full chain of custody for each sample; the dates the analyses were performed and completed; who performed the analyses; the analytical techniques and methods used; the detection limits and/or quantification level used per parameter; quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) procedures used and QA/QC data; and the results of the analyses.
D. 
If sampling performed by a user indicates a violation, the user shall notify the Director within 24 hours of becoming aware of the violation. The user shall also repeat the sampling and analysis and submit the results of the repeat analysis to the POTW within 30 days after becoming aware of the violation. If the POTW has performed the sampling and analysis in lieu of the user, the POTW must perform the repeat sampling and analysis unless the POTW notifies the user of the violation and requires the user to perform the repeat sampling and analysis. The user shall not be required to resample if:
(1) 
The POTW performs sampling at the user at a frequency of at least once per month; or
(2) 
The POTW performs sampling at the user between the time when the user performs its initial sampling and the time when the user or the POTW receives the results of the sampling that indicates the violation.
E. 
If a user uses its own laboratory for sample analysis, the Director may require the user to send split samples to an independent laboratory at a frequency specified by the Director as a quality control check.
F. 
Users required to do monthly sampling shall submit sample results to the Director by the 15th day of the following month, unless specified otherwise in the user's user permit.
A. 
The sampling and analysis required by this chapter may be performed by the Director instead of the user, as determined necessary by the Director for purposes of this chapter. The POTW shall provide the user with copies of analytical results prepared by the Director. If the results of any sampling and analysis performed by the Director instead of the user show that a pretreatment standard has been violated, the POTW shall provide the user with copies of the analytical results within 10 days after the results are available.
B. 
If the POTW performs the required sampling and analysis for a user, the user shall pay a sampling fee to the POTW to fully reimburse the POTW for the sampling, including administrative and overhead costs. The POTW may contract with an independent firm to perform the sampling and analysis and the user shall fully reimburse the POTW for amounts paid by the Director to the independent firm.
A. 
If requested by the Director, the POTW shall be provided with splits of any sample taken by a user. The user shall provide splits to the POTW at no cost to the POTW.
B. 
If requested by a user prior to the collection of a sample of the user's discharge, the POTW shall leave a portion of the sample of the discharge taken from any sampling point on or adjacent to the premises for the user's independent analysis.
C. 
In cases of disputes arising over split samples, the portion taken and analyzed by the Director shall be controlling unless proven invalid. The burden of proving the POTW's results invalid shall be on the user and at the user's sole cost.
A. 
A user who performs self-monitoring shall contract with an independent company (unless the requirement to use an independent company is waived in advance by the Director as determined appropriate by the Director) to maintain, repair, and calibrate the sampling and flow measurement equipment and instruments used to monitor the user.
B. 
The maintenance, repair, and calibration shall be performed as often as necessary to ensure that monitoring data is accurate and representative (but in no event less frequently than twice in a calendar year at reasonable intervals), consistent with the accepted capability of the type of equipment used, and shall be at the sole cost of the user.
C. 
A user shall keep a complete and accurate written record of all calibrations, inspections and maintenance done (including, without limitation, the date and time of the activity, a description of what was done and the methods used, the names of persons conducting the activity, and any required or recommended follow-up). The record shall also include a description of all problems discovered regarding the equipment whether in response to a regularly scheduled inspection or otherwise.
D. 
The POTW, in any event, may inspect and test a user's sampling and flow measurement equipment and instruments at all times.
E. 
In no case shall a user's failure to keep its equipment, instruments and facilities in good working order constitute grounds for the user to claim that sample results are not representative of its discharge.
A. 
The POTW may require any user to install suitable control structures (such as sampling manholes or sampling vaults) and necessary measuring and sampling devices (including automatic devices) to facilitate the observation, sampling, and measurement of the quantity, composition, and concentrations of discharges to the POTW. The POTW may require the user to install control structures and measuring and sampling devices at every discharge point and/or outfall. Further, multiple separate and discrete building sewers, control structures, and measuring and sampling devices may be required for a single user, premises, building, facility or user, as determined necessary by the Director. The structures and devices shall be maintained at all times in a safe, clean and proper operating condition at the sole expense of the user.
B. 
There shall be ample room in or near the control structure to allow accurate monitoring, measuring, sampling and preparation of samples for analysis, as determined necessary by the Director. At a minimum, all sewers shall have an inspection and sampling manhole or structure with an opening of no less than 24 inches in diameter and an internal diameter of no less than 36 inches containing flow measuring, recording and sampling equipment as required by the Director to assure compliance with this chapter.
C. 
Any temporary or permanent obstruction for safe and easy access to the facility to be inspected and/or sampled shall be promptly removed by the user at the verbal or written request of the POTW and shall not be replaced. The costs of clearing such access shall be borne solely by the user.
D. 
The location and complexity of the required control structure or devices may vary with sampling requirements determined necessary by the Director to protect the POTW and to comply with applicable laws and regulations.
E. 
The required sampling structures and devices shall be constructed and installed at the user's sole expense in accordance with plans submitted to the POTW, and in compliance with all applicable local construction standards and specifications. Users shall submit to the POTW plans and specifications for construction or modification of monitoring facilities at least 30 days before the proposed commencement of construction or modification. If a user constructs or modifies monitoring facilities before POTW approval or without an inspection during construction and the POTW determines that the monitoring facilities are not acceptable, then the user shall at its cost reconstruct or modify the monitoring facilities according to the requirements of the POTW. Construction shall be completed within 90 days following written notification by the Director, or within such other shorter or longer time period specified by the Director as required by the particular circumstances to meet the requirements of this chapter. The structures and devices shall be operated and maintained by the user at the user's sole expense so as to be safe and accessible to POTW personnel at all times and so as to provide accurate and representative monitoring data. If a user fails to install or maintain a required structure or device, the POTW may do so and charge the costs to the user. No person shall use a required control structure for any purpose other than the sampling and monitoring activities specifically approved by the Director.
F. 
The sampling structures and devices must be provided on the user's premises as approved by the Director, but the POTW may, if it determines that such a location would be impractical or cause undue hardship to the user, allow the facility to be constructed in the public street or sidewalk area and located so that it will not be obstructed by landscaping or parked vehicles.
G. 
Samples shall be taken at a control structure approved by the Director. However, in the absence of a suitable control structure as required by this section, samples shall be taken immediately downstream from pretreatment facilities if pretreatment facilities exist, or immediately downstream from the regulated process if no pretreatment facilities exist. If other wastewaters are mixed with a regulated process waste stream prior to pretreatment, the user must measure the flows and concentrations necessary to allow use of the combined waste stream formula under Mich Admin Code R 323.2311(7) or other methods required by the Director to evaluate compliance with applicable pretreatment standards and requirements.
H. 
No user shall change monitoring points or monitoring methods without first notifying and receiving the approval of the Director. The Director shall not approve any change in a user's monitoring point or points that would allow the user to substitute dilution for adequate treatment to achieve compliance with applicable standards.
I. 
A user shall allow the POTW access to all sampling and monitoring facilities as provided by § 28-17.01 of this chapter.
The Director may use any of the following methods to determine the amount of wastewater flow discharged to the POTW from a user's premises, as determined appropriate by the Director:
A. 
If the premises are metered, the amount of water supplied to the premises as shown by the water meter;
B. 
If the premises are supplied with river water or water from private wells, the Director may estimate the amount of water supplied from such sources based on the water, gas or electric supply to the premises, or may require that the water flow be measured using a certified meter approved by the Director;
C. 
If the premises are used for an industrial or commercial purpose of such a nature that the water supplied to the premises cannot be (or is not) entirely discharged to the POTW, the Director may estimate the amount of wastewater discharged to the POTW based on the water, gas, or electric supply to the premises;
D. 
The Director may determine the amount of wastewater discharged to the POTW based on measurements and samples taken by the Director from a manhole installed by the owner of the premises, at the owner's sole expense, as required by the Director under this chapter;
E. 
The Director may require a wastewater flow meter in a manhole installed by the owner of the premises, at the owner's sole expense; or
F. 
The Director may determine the amount of wastewater discharged to the POTW from a premises using a combination of any of the above methods, or using any other method determined appropriate by the Director.