The following words, terms, and phrases, when used in this chapter, shall have the meanings ascribed to them in this section, except where the context clearly indicates a different meaning:
"18 AAC 72"means State of Alaska wastewater regulations [Title
18, Alaska Administrative Code, Chapter 72 Wastewater Treatment and Disposal].
"18 AAC 80"means State of Alaska drinking water regulations [Title
18, Alaska Administrative Code, Chapter 80 Drinking Water].
"AAC"means Alaska Administrative Code.
"Absorption area"means area in a subsurface disposal field used to absorb treated effluent. The calculation of absorption area depends on the type of system design.
"ADEC"means Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation.
"ADU"means accessory dwelling unit.
"Alternative system"means a particular design or type of on-site wastewater disposal system or component of a system based upon improvements or development in technology of sewage disposal and not otherwise provided for in this chapter.
"Assembly"means Municipality of Anchorage assembly.
"Bedrock"means a rock formation that would require blasting or drilling to be mined. Bedrock includes fractured and weathered bedrock.
"CBOD5"means five-day carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand.
"Certificate of on-site systems approval"means a written confirmation signed by an engineer and the department certifying that the on-site sewer and/or water system serving a single-family or duplex dwelling is functional and complies with all state and local regulations and codes.
"Cesspool"means a subsurface pit which receives untreated wastewater.
"COSA"means certificate of on-site systems approval.
"Department"means Municipality of Anchorage On-site Water and Wastewater Section.
"Director"means the director or designee of the department unless otherwise indicated in the text of the code.
"Disposal field (aka drainfield)"A. "Wide trench"means an excavation, typically five feet in width, which contains not less than six inches and not more than four feet of sewer gravel below the horizontal perforated distribution pipe. It receives treated wastewater and allows it to seep into native soil through the bottom basal area and the excavation sidewalls below the elevation of the horizontal perforated distribution pipe.
B. "Deep trench"means a linear excavation, typically 12 to 36 inches wide, which contains at least four feet of sewer gravel below the horizontal perforated distribution pipe. It receives treated wastewater and allows it to seep into native soil through the excavation sidewalls below the elevation of the horizontal perforated distribution pipe.
C. "Bed"means a shallow excavation, usually rectangular, and between five and 15 feet in width, containing a minimum of six inches of sewer gravel below the horizontal perforated distribution pipes. It receives treated wastewater and allows it to seep into native soil through the bottom basal area only.
D. "Mound"means a bed or wide trench, designed for bottom absorption only wherein the bottom of the sewer gravel is elevated above the surrounding soil surface.
E. "Seepage pit"means a covered porous walled pit through which treated effluent seeps into the surrounding soil.
"Earth privy"means a device for the disposal of human excreta in an unlined pit in the earth.
"Engineer"means a registered professional engineer in the State of Alaska.
"ERS"means engineered receiving soil.
"Filter sand"means sand used in the construction of a disposal field to provide additional vertical separation and/or enhanced treatment of effluent before it passes into native soil or ERS.
"Groundwater"means subsurface water permanently or seasonally occupying the zone of saturation.
"Holding tank"means a watertight, covered receptacle designed and built to receive and store domestic wastewater for disposal at another location.
"Insulation"means a high-density, direct-burial, closed-cell foam insulation or an equivalent approved by the department.
"Invert"means the lowest portion of the inside of a horizontal pipe.
"Lift station"means a tank or chamber accompanied by a pump and related controls used to retain wastewater and periodically discharge it.
"Malfunction and malfunctioning system"means an on-site wastewater disposal system which is not functioning in compliance with the requirements of this chapter or the design of the system. Malfunctions include but are not limited to the following:
A. Absorption systems and disposal systems which allow unauthorized seepage or flow of wastewater to the surface of the ground or into waters of the state.
B. Systems which fail to operate in accordance with municipal design criteria.
C. Systems discharging effluent that does not comply with the applicable effluent discharge standards.
D. Collapse or structural deterioration of a tank, lift station, or pump vault degraded to a point that it is no longer water tight, structurally sound, or functional to meet its intended purpose.
"MASS"means Municipality of Anchorage Standard Specifications.
"Owner"means the person responsible for control of the property on which an on-site wastewater disposal system exists or for which one is proposed.
"Percolation rate"means the rate at which water flows or trickles through porous soils, as determined by a percolation test.
"Percolation test"means a falling-head percolation test as described in section
15.65.210C.5. The test is performed for a proposed subsurface disposal field or earth privy to determine the rate at which water is absorbed by the soil.
"Pressure distribution system"means a network of piping with orifices that are sized to distribute effluent from a lift station under pressure to a drainfield so as to distribute the hydraulic and organic loading uniformly throughout the absorption area.
"Pump vault"means a tank or chamber accompanied by a pump and related controls used to retain wastewater and periodically discharge it.
"Repair"means to restore or replace a component of an on-site wastewater disposal system, but does not include an enlargement of any component of the system.
"Replacement disposal site"means an area suitable for an on-site subsurface disposal field which is identified and set aside for that purpose during the permitting process.
"Reserved area"means on-site property identified for the purpose of wastewater disposal during the platting process.
"Septic tank"means a watertight covered receptacle designed and built to receive wastewater, separate floating and settling solids from the liquid, anaerobically digest organic matter, store digested solids through a period of detention, and allow clarified liquids to discharge for final disposal.
"Subsurface drain"means any subsurface drainage structure which intercepts or diverts underground water flows.
"Surface water"means any water visually observable on the ground surface for a period of at least 60 consecutive days. Exception:
A. Wetlands with no visually observable water on the ground surface.
B. Frozen water including glaciation.
"TN"means total nitrogen consisting of organic nitrogen, ammonia, nitrite and nitrate.
"TP"means total phosphorus.
"TSS"means total suspended solids.
"USCS"means unified soil classification system.
"Vault privy"means an earth privy in which the pit is lined with an impervious material and for which provisions are made for the removal of excreta.
"Wastewater"means water contaminated by human excreta, food waste, wash water, and other liquid wastes commonly discharged into water-carried sewage disposal systems, and such diluting water as may have entered the wastewater disposal system. Wastewater does not include stormwater and liquids containing hazardous substances.
"Water table"means the level of water in saturated soil where the hydraulic pressure is zero.
(AO No. 2017-129, § 3, 1-23-2018)