A.Â
PVC sewer pipe.
(1)Â
PVC sewer pipe shall conform to ASTM Designation D-3034-(SDR-35).
Factory attachment of couplings and saddle fittings and field jointing
of pipe sections and fittings shall be accomplished by O-ring rubber
gaskets (ASTM Designation F-744).
(2)Â
Sanitary sewer pipe shall be polyvinyl chloride (referred
to as "PVC") pipe with integral wall bell and spigot joints for conveyance
of domestic sewage. Pipe material shall conform to ASTM D-1784, cell
classification 12454-B, 1254-C or 13364-B, with minimum tensile modulus
of 500,000 pounds per square inch (psi). Joints shall conform to ASTM
D-3212, each with integral bell joint consisting of a formed bell
complete with single rubber gasket. Pipe stiffness shall conform to
ASTM D-4214 at five-percent deflection for 46 psi and conform to drop
impact test per ASTM D-2444.
(3)Â
All branches, bends and accessories shall be as manufactured
by the approved pipe supplier and have bell and spigot configuration
compatible with that of the sanitary sewer pipe. All necessary lubricants
for pipe and fitting installation shall be furnished and applied in
accordance with the manufacturer's recommendation.
B.Â
Ductile iron sewer pipe and fittings.
(1)Â
Ductile iron sewer pipe and fittings shall be coal
tar enamel coated. All fittings for CI and DI pipe shall have mechanical
joints or push-on joints, unless otherwise approved.
(2)Â
Push-on joint pipe and fittings of ductile iron pipe
shall conform to Ductile Iron Pipe, Centrifugally Cast in Metal Molds
or Sand-Lined Molds, for Water or Other Liquids, ANSI/AWWA C151/A21.51.
Iron fittings will conform to the requirements of Gray Iron and Ductile
Iron Fittings, three inches through 48 inches, for Water and Other
Liquids, ANSI/AWWA C110/A21.10.
(3)Â
Ductile iron pipe shall have with push-on joints.
Gaskets and lubricant will be as recommended by the pipe manufacturer.
Push-on joints will conform to the requirements of Rubber Gasket Joints
for Ductile Iron and Gray Iron Pressure Pipe and Fittings, ANSI/AWWA
C111/A21.11.
(4)Â
All flanges and all flanged iron fittings will conform
to the requirements of Cast-Iron Flanges and Flanged Fittings, 25,
125, 250 and 800 lb., ANSI B16.1, and Gray Iron and Ductile Iron Fittings,
two inches through 48 inches, for Water and Other Liquids, ANSI A21.10,
as applicable. All pipe provided with flanges will conform to the
requirements of Flanged Ductile-Iron Pipe with Threaded Flanges, ANSI/AWWA
C115/A21.15. All flanges on short pieces of flanged pipe may be cast
solid or made by threading the end of a piece of ductile iron pipe
and screwing companion flanges on the threaded ends in such manner
as to provide the correct face-to-face dimensions. The threaded ends
of the pipe will be run through the flange and be machined off flush
with the face of the flange.
(5)Â
Bolts used for flanged joints will conform to the
requirements of Square and Hex Bolts and Screws, Including Hex Cap
Screws and Lag Screws, ANSI B18.2.1. Nuts used for flanged joints
will conform to the requirements of Square and Hex Nuts, ANSI B18.2.2.
All bolts and nuts will be best quality hot-dipped galvanized steel.
Bolt head and nuts will be hexagonal and the diameter and length of
bolts will conform to the requirements of Cast Iron Flanges and Flanged
Fittings, 25, 125, 250, and 800 lb., ANSI B16.1.
(6)Â
All mechanical joint ductile iron pipe will conform
to Ductile Iron Pipe, Centrifugally Cast in Metal Molds or Sand-Lined
Molds, for Water or Other Liquids, ANSI/AWWA C151/A21.51. Iron fittings
will conform to the requirements of Gray Iron and Ductile Iron Fittings,
three inches through 48 inches, for Water and Other Liquids, ANSI/AWWA
C110/A21.10. All mechanical joints will conform to the requirements
of Rubber Gasket Joints for Cast Iron and Ductile Iron Pressure Pipe
and Fittings, ANSI/AWWA C111/A21.11.
(7)Â
Restrained joint pipe will be ductile iron manufactured
in accordance with the requirements of ANSI/AWWA C151/A21.51. Push-on
joints for such pipe will be in accordance with ANSI/AWWA C111/A21.11
Rubber-Gasket Joints for Ductile-Iron and Gray-Iron Pressure Pipe
and Fittings.
(8)Â
Restrained joint fittings and the restraining components
will be ductile iron in accordance with applicable requirements of
ANSI/AWWA C110/A21.10 and/or C153/A21.53.
(9)Â
The outside surface of all buried exterior pipe and
fittings will be coated with coal-tar pitch varnish.
C.Â
Casing pipe. Casing pipe and joints shall be of metal
and of leakproof construction. Casing pipe shall be so installed as
to prevent formation of a waterway, with an even bearing throughout
its length, and shall slope to one end.
(1)Â
Steel casing pipe under railroad. Steel casing pipe
as specified for railroad crossings shall conform to the requirements
for ASTM-A 139, Grade B.
(2)Â
Steel casing pipe under highway. Steel casing pipe
as specified for highway crossings shall conform to the requirements
of ASTM A-139, Grade B or ASTM A-53, Grade B.
A.Â
The quality of all materials, the process of manufacture
and the finished pipe shall be subject to inspection and approval
by the Township. Such inspection may be made at the place of manufacture
or on the work site after delivery or at both places, and the pipe
shall be subject to rejection at any time on account of failure to
meet any of the specification requirements even though sample pipes
may have been accepted as satisfactory at the place of manufacture.
B.Â
Previous to being lowered into the trench, each pipe
shall be carefully inspected, and those not meeting the specification
shall be rejected and at once removed from the work. Pipes having
any defects not sufficient, in the judgment of the Township, to warrant
their rejection, shall be so laid as to bring these defects to the
upper half of the sewer.
C.Â
The Township shall also have the right to take samples
of concrete after it has been mixed, or as it is being placed in the
forms or molds, and to make such inspection and tests thereof as it
may wish.
D.Â
Any pipe which has been damaged after delivery will
be rejected, and, if such pipe is already laid in the sewer line,
it shall be acceptably repaired, if permitted, or removed and replaced
solely at the contractor's expense.
Each pipe section shall be handled into its
position in the trench only in such manner and by such means as the
Township approves as satisfactory. The contractor shall furnish slings,
straps and other approved devices to permit satisfactory support of
all parts of the pipe when it is lifted.
The Township shall be notified when the pipes
are to be laid in the trench, and none shall be covered until they
have been inspected and approved by the Township. At least 25 feet
of pipe shall, under ordinary circumstances, be laid before covering
begins.
A.Â
All pipe shall be reinspected for soundness and damage
due to handling immediately before being lowered into the trench.
Any pipe found to be unsound or damaged will be rejected and shall
be removed immediately from the site of the work.
B.Â
All pipe shall be laid accurately to the required
line and grade and in such manner as to form a close, concentric joint
with the adjoining pipe and to bring the invert of each section to
the required grade. All pipe shall be laid in a straight line between
manholes. No curved sewers will be permitted. Bell holes shall be
dug in advance of the pipe laying. The supporting of pipe on blocks
will not be permitted.
C.Â
Pipe laying shall proceed upgrade, beginning at the
lower end of the sewer.
D.Â
Branches, fittings and specials shall be provided
and laid as indicated on the drawings or as directed by the Township.
All open ends of pipes and branches shall be sealed with stoppers
or bulkhead finely held in place in a manner acceptable to the Township.
No special payments will be made for stoppers or bulkheads. At the
end of each day's work, the open ends of all pipes shall be satisfactorily
protected against the entrance of animals, earth or other materials.
Gravity sewer lines shall be constructed with
slopes of at least the minimum allowable set forth in N.J.A.C. 7:14A-23.6.
Upon completion of pipeline laying from manhole to manhole, the grade
of pipe shall be checked for proper slope before proceeding to the
next manhole. Failure to verify and correct deviations from established
grade may require removal and replacement of several strings of pipe
to correct less than minimum grade conditions detected at time of
final inspection.
A.Â
Practically water-tight work is required, and the contractor shall construct the sewers with a premium joint so that the sewer installation will meet the requirements of § 201-116, Sewer tests.
B.Â
The ends of the pipe shall be satisfactorily cleaned
just before laying, and the joint shall be made in a satisfactory
manner in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturer
of the particular type of joint. All joint work shall be done by experienced
workmen.
Embedment bedding for use with various pipe types, sizes and depths shall be as required under § 201-137, Pipe embedment and encasement, of these specifications.
A.Â
All house services shall be four inches in diameter.
Open ends shall be plugged with a stopper and seal. The seal shall
be watertight and sufficient to withstand test pressures. The Township
shall be provided measurements from manhole to each Y-branch and end
of house service. Place a two-by-two marker at end of each house service.
B.Â
The Township reserves the right to determine the size
and kind of the service lateral from the main to the curbline or right-of-way
limit and the building sewer. New building sewers of all sizes (minimum
four-inch pipe) shall be constructed of heavy-duty cast-iron soil
pipe or PVC, Schedule 40, and all installations shall be in accordance
with the standards and requirements of the New Jersey State Plumbing
Code. In the event of conflict between the code and these specifications,
the more stringent provision shall govern. The building sewer from
the curb to the building shall be furnished, installed and maintained
by the owner of the property and shall be laid in a straight line,
if practical, from the end of the Township-constructed service lateral
to the structure to be served, shall be at least two feet below the
surface of the ground at all times when final grading of the property
has been completed and shall be laid with a minimum grade of 1/4 inch
per foot. Changes in direction shall only be made with suitable pipe
fittings of the same material as the building sewer. Cleanouts shall
be provided immediately outside the building being served, at all
changes in direction and at every 75 feet of the building sewer, measured
from the building. The building sewer and connection to the service
lateral shall be installed by the owner or a licensed plumber and
maintained by the owner and shall be inspected and approved by the
Township's agent prior to backfilling the trench. Any construction
not approved shall be immediately removed and reconstructed in an
approved manner.
C.Â
All building sewers shall be properly constructed
in order to avoid the creation of infiltration and/or inflow sources
within the Township's system.
Where special junction chambers are to be constructed
or where existing sewers carrying sanitary sewage are encountered,
the contractor shall provide and maintain temporary connections to
prevent a nuisance.
A.Â
The contractor shall connect the new sewer to existing
facilities, existing sewers to new facilities and house service connections
into interceptor or collector lines between manholes. Unless otherwise
directed by the Township, all house service lines shall be four-inch
sewer pipe.
B.Â
The contractor will be required to make provisions
for handling sewage flow while connections are being made. The contractor
shall submit in writing an operational schedule showing the exact
procedure to be followed for major connections. The contractor shall
receive approval of the procedures from the Township prior to the
commencement of the work.
A.Â
The contractor shall furnish all equipment and labor
necessary to conduct testing as specified herein. Tests for watertightness
of sewers shall be made in the presence of and in the manner approved
by the Township. Tests shall be made of short sections of the sewer
as soon as the manholes have been constructed and backfill has been
completed. Where the section tested indicates a loss in excess of
the allowable amount, the contractor shall correct the work so that
the retest is within the allowable limit.
B.Â
Gravity sewer testing shall conform to the requirements set forth below under Subsection B(1), Water test for leakage, or Subsection B(2), Air test for leakage.
(1)Â
Water test for leakage. Infiltration into the completed
sewer, including connections, manholes and structures, shall not exceed
50 gallons per inch of diameter per mile of sewer per twenty-four-hour
period when field tested by actual infiltration conditions. If exfiltration
testing is required or deemed necessary, the sewer shall test equally
well, except that an allowance of an additional 10% of gallonage shall
be permitted for each additional two-foot head over a basic two-foot
minimum internal head. The pipe under test shall be filled with water
to a level two feet above the top of the upper pipe. The test water
shall remain in the manhole a sufficient time for absorption before
starting the test. Duration of the test shall be four hours.
(2)Â
Air test for leakage. The sewer line shall be sealed
at each end. The seal at one end shall have an orifice through which
to pass air into the pipe. An air supply shall be connected to the
orifice at one end of the line. The air supply line will contain an
on-off valve and a pressure gauge having a range of from 0 to 5 psi.
The gauge shall have minimum divisions of 10 psi and shall have an
accuracy of +/- 0.04 psi. The seals at each manhole shall be properly
blocked to prevent displacement while the line is under pressure.
The pipeline under test shall be pressurized to four pounds per square
inch gauge (psig). The line shall be allowed to stabilize between
four psig and 3.5 psig for a period of no less than five minutes.
If necessary, air should be added to the line to maintain the pressure
above 3.5 psig. After the stabilization period, the valve shall be
closed. When the line pressure drops to 3.5 psig, timing with a stopwatch
shall commence. The stopwatch shall run until such time as the line
pressure drops to 2.5 psig, at which time the watch shall be stopped
and the time lapse compared with the allowable time lapse specified
herein. If the time lapse is greater than that specified, the section
undergoing test shall have passed and the test may be discontinued
at that time. If the time is less than that specified, the line has
not passed the test, and the contractor shall prepare the line for
retest.[1]
[1]
Editor's Note: See Schedule B, Minimum Holding
Time Required for Pressure to Drop from 3Â 1/2 to 2Â 1/2 psig,
located at the end of this chapter.
The contractor shall furnish and install a detectable
identifying tape in all trenches where nonmetallic pipe is used. The
identifying tape shall be made of polyethylene tape, bonded to a metalized
foil, and shall be highly resistant to alkaloids, acids or other destructive
chemical components likely to be encountered in soils. The tape shall
be three inches wide, shall be brightly colored to contrast with soil
and bear an imprint identifying the type of line buried below. The
tape shall be placed approximately 18 inches below the finished grade
and turned up at the capped end of house service laterals with 12
inches of the tape extending above the surface to act as flagging
for visually locating the lateral.