The manholes shall be constructed of precast reinforced
concrete manhole sections. The sections shall be a minimum of four
feet in diameter and shall conform to the requirements of "Specifications
for Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole Sections," ASTM 0478.
Manhole bases shall be constructed of precast reinforced
concrete. Manhole bottoms shall have a bottom at least six inches
thick. The walls shall extend a minimum of six inches above the top
of the highest in-flowing sewer. There shall be a minimum of five
inches between the invert of lowest outfalling sewer and floor of
the precast base to provide for the construction of a brick invert
and bench wall within the manhole.
Openings in manhole bases of pipe connections shall
utilize a flexible neoprene boot mechanically clamped to the manhole
and to the pipe to provide a watertight seal which will accommodate
pipe movements up to two inches radially or 22º angularily in
any direction. Gaskets shall conform to requirements of ASTM C-443.
The top section shall be an eccentric conical section
with thickened upper walls with the smallest inside diameter equal
to 30 inches, to receive the manhole, frame and cover.
All castings for manhole covers and frames shall be
Class 30 conforming to the ASTM Standard Specification for Gray Iron
Castings, designation A48. Allowances shall be made in the patterns
so that specified thickness shall not be reduced. All lids which "rock"
and do not lie solid after construction is finished shall be rejected
and shall be replaced by adequate lids. No plugging, burning-in, or
fillings will be allowed. Covers shall fit the frames in any position.
All frames and covers shall have an H-20 (eight-ton)
loading rating. The total weight of each frame and cover shall be
less than 400 pounds. The opening inside diameter shall be 30 inches,
and the minimum total height shall be six inches.
The brick shall be sound, hard, and uniformly burned,
consistent in shape and size, and of compact texture. Bricks shall
comply with ASTM Serial Designation C32, Grade MS.
Cement mortar for manholes shall consist of one part
of portland cement Type II and two parts of fine sand with water added
to produce the proper consistency for the type of joint.
All manholes shall be constructed at the locations
and to the elevations and dimensions shown on the drawings. Precast
reinforced concrete sections shall be set vertical with sections in
true alignment. Any deviations from plans must be approved by the
Town's Engineer prior to installation.
Crushed stone shall be placed as specified in § A175-22 herein and shall be placed 12 inches below the base of the structure. (Twelve inches of sand shall be used in areas comprised of ledge.)
The select material below the base shall be perfectly
level through the limits of the structure prior to setting it. If
the base is not level, it shall be removed from the trench and the
material will be regraded and recompacted using equipment. Lifting
one side of the base and manually placing material underneath it will
not be permitted.
The joints between concrete manhole sections shall
be sealed with neoprene gaskets or by other approved means to ensure
watertightness of the joints. In addition to the gaskets, both the
inner and outer walls at the joints shall be mortared by an approved
mortar mix.
During manhole construction, all groundwater shall
be kept away from newly grouted pipe and rings or freshly laid brickwork
until cement has properly set and until a watertight job is obtained.
Manholes which admit groundwater after completion shall not be accepted.
All manhole frames and grates shall be set flush to
existing or proposed pavement as directed by the Engineer. Frames
shall be set concentric with the top of the precast section on a maximum
of five courses of brick in a full bed of mortar so that the space
between the top of the manhole section and bottom flange of the frame
shall be completely filled and made watertight. Place a ring of mortar
extending to the outer edge of the concrete section as indicated on
the drawings.
Manholes shall have a brick-lined invert with shelves
constructed to conform to the size of the pipe and flow. At changes
in direction, the invert shall be laid out in curves of the longest
radius possible, tangent to the center line of the sewer pipes. Underlayment
of invert and shelf shall consist of brick masonry. Shelves shall
be constructed to the elevation of the highest pipe crown and slope
toward the flow channel at a minimum of one inch per foot.
All sanitary sewer manholes shall be vacuum tested.
Initial test pressure shall be 10 inches Hg. Table 3 contains the
specified allowances for four-foot and six-foot diameter manholes.
If the pressure drop exceeds one inch prior to the allowable time,
the unit shall be repaired and retested.