Caliper of Existing Trees Removed | Number of Replacement Trees |
---|---|
Between 3 and 6 | 1 |
Between 6 and 12 | 3 |
Between 12 and 18 | 4 |
Between 18 and 24 | 5 |
Between 24 and 30 | 7 |
Between 30 and 36 | 10 |
Tree Size at Maturity (height in feet) | Soil Volume (cubic feet) |
---|---|
Large trees (45+) | 200 |
Medium-sized trees (30 to 45) | 150 |
Small trees (to 30) | 100 |
Tree Size at Maturity (height in feet) | Planting Interval (feet) |
---|---|
Large trees (45+) | 40 |
Medium-sized trees (30 to 45) | 30 |
Small trees (to 30) | 20 |
Table 1 |
---|
Recommended Small Street Trees |
Botanical Name | Common Name | Minimum Planting Size |
---|---|---|
Acer campestre | Hedge Maple | 2 1/2 to 3-inch caliper |
Amelanchier laevis | Allegheny Serviceberry | 2 to 2 1/2-inch caliper |
Amelanchier x hydrida 'Cumulus' | Shadblow 'Cumulus' | 2 to 2 1/2-inch caliper |
Acer buergeranum | Trident Maple | 2 1/2 to 3-inch caliper |
Crataegus phaenopyrum x. fastigiata | Washington Hawthorne | 2 1/2 to 3-inch caliper |
Crataegus viridis | Green Hawthorne | 2 1/2 to 3-inch caliper |
Magnolia x lobneri 'Merrill' | Merrill Magnolia | 10 to 12 feet |
Table 2 |
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Recommended Medium Street Trees |
Botanical Name | Common Name | Minimum Planting Size (caliper in inches) |
---|---|---|
Carpinus caroliniana | American Hornbeam | 2 1/2 to 3-inch |
Celtis bungeana | Bunge Hackberry | 2 1/2 to 3-inch |
Cladrastis kentuckea | Yellowwood | 2 to 2 1/2-inch |
Cladrastis lutea | Yellowwood | 2 to 2 1/2-inch |
Phellodendron amurense | Amur Corktree | 2 1/2 to 3-inch |
Tilia cordata x. 'Whitehouse' | Whitehouse Linden | 3 to 3 1/2-inch |
Table 3 |
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Recommended Large Street Trees (cultivated varieties) |
Botanical Name | Common Name | Minimum Planting Size (caliper in inches) |
---|---|---|
Acer rubrum1 | Rubram Red Maple | 2 1/2 to 3-inch |
Acer saccharum | Sugar Maple | 3 to 3 1/2-inch |
Celtis occidentalis 'Magnifica' | Hackberry | 3 to 3 1/2-inch |
Fagus grandifolia | American Beech | 2 1/2 to 3-inch |
Fraxinus americana 'Autumn Purple' | Autumn Purple Ash | 3 to 3 1/2-inch |
Fraxinus pennsylvanicum 'Patmore' | Patmore Green Ash | 3 to 3 1/2-inch |
Ginkgo biloba (male only) | Ginkgo | 3 to 3 1/2-inch |
Gleditsia triacanthos inermis | Thornless Honey Locust | 2 1/2 to 3-inch |
Gymnocladus diocus | Kentucky Coffeetree | 2 1/2 to 3-inch |
Liquidambar styraciflua | Sweet Gum | 2 1/2 to 3-inch |
Liriodendron tulipifera | Tulip Tree | 2 1/2 to 3-inch |
Nyssa sylvatica | Black Tupelo | 3 to 3 1/2-inch |
Plantanus acerifolia | Plane Tree | 2 1/2 to 3-inch |
Platanus occidentalis | Sycamore | 3 to 3 1/2-inch |
Quercus alba | White Oak | 2 1/2 to 3-inch |
Quercus bicolor | Swamp White Oak | 2 1/2 to 3-inch |
Quercus borealis | Northern Red Oak | 3 to 3 1/2-inch |
Quercus coccinea | Scarlet Oak | 3 to 3 1/2-inch |
Quercus marcocarpa | Bur Oak | 3 to 3 1/2-inch |
Quercus palustris | Pin Oak | 2 1/2 to 3-inch |
Quercus palustris 'Green Pillar'2 | Green Pillar Oak | 3 to 3 1/2-inch |
Quercus phellos | Willow Oak | 3 to 3 1/2-inch |
Quercus rubra | Red Oak | 2 1/2 to 3-inch |
Tilia Americana 'Legend'1 | Legend American Linden | 3 to 3 1/2-inch |
Ulmus parvifolia3 | Chinese Elm | 3 to 3 1/2-inch |
Zelkova serrata1, 3 | Japanese Zelkova | 3 to 3 1/2-inch |
NOTES: 1 Cultivated variety. A single cultivar should be selected for consistency in appearance on a street. 2 Remove lower branches. 3 Non-native. Use only in limited quantities. |
Table 4 |
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Additional Recommended Trees |
Botanical Name | Common Name | Minimum Planting Size |
---|---|---|
Acer palmatum | Japanese Maple | 6 to 7 feet |
Acer pennsylvanicum | Striped maple | 2 1/2 to 3-inch caliper |
Acer saccharum | Sugar Maple | 3 to 3 1/2-inch caliper |
Amelanchier canadensis | Shadblow Serviceberry | 5 to 6 feet |
Betula papyrifera | Paper Birch | 2 1/2 to 3-inch caliper |
Betula pendula | Weeping Birch | 12 to 14 feet |
Carpinus caroliniana | American Hornbeam (Ironwood) | 2 1/2 to 3-inch caliper |
Carya tomentosa | Mockernut Hickory | 2 1/2 to 3-inch caliper |
Cedrus atlantica glauca | Blue Atlas Cedar | 6 to 8 feet |
Celtis occidentalis | Hackberry | 2 1/2 to 3-inch caliper |
Cercidiphyllum japonicum | Katsura-tree | 3 to 3 1/2-inch caliper |
Cercis Canadensis | Eastern Redbud | 6 to 8 feet |
Chionanthus virginicus | White Fringetree | 5 to 6 feet |
Cornus florida | Flowering Dogwood | 5 to 6 feet |
Cornus florida & CVS | American Dogwood | 2 1/2 to 3-inch caliper |
Cornus kousa | Chinese Dogwood | 2 to 2 1/2-inch |
Cornus x ‘Rutcan’ | Constellation Rutgers Dogwood | 5 to 6 feet |
Cornus x ‘Rutcan’ | Celestial Rutgers Dogwood | 5 to 6 feet |
Cotinus obovatus | American Smoketree | 2 1/2 to 3-inch caliper |
Crataegus crus-galli | Cockspur Hawthorn | 3 to 4 feet |
Crataegus phaenopyrum | Washington Hawthorne | 5 to 6 feet |
Cryptomeria japonica | Cryptomeria | 5 to 6 feet |
Fagus grandifolia | American Beech | 3 to 3 1/2-inch caliper |
Fagus sylvatica 'cuprea' | Copper Beech | 3 to 3 1/2-inch caliper |
Gleditsia triacanthos inermis | Thornless Honeylocust | 3 to 3 1/2-inch caliper |
Halesia carolina | Carolina Silverbell | 2 1/2 to 3-inch caliper |
Ilex opaca | American Holly | 4 to 5 feet |
Juniperus virgineana | Eastern Red Cedar | 4 to 5 feet |
Juniperus virginiana | Red Cedar | 5 to 6 feet |
Liquidambar styraciflua | Sweetgum | 3 to 3 1/2-inch caliper |
Liriodendron tulipfera | Tuliptree | 3 to 3 1/2-inch caliper |
Magnolia virgineana | Sweetbay Magnolia | 5 to 6 feet |
Oxydendrum arboreum | Sourwood | 5 to 6 feet |
Picea abies | Norway Spruce | 4 to 5 feet |
Picea glauca | White Spruce | 4 to 5 feet |
Picea pungens | Colorado Spruce | 4 to 5 feet |
Pinus strobes | White Pine | 7 to 8 feet |
Pinus thunbergiana | Japanese Black Pine | 5 to 6 feet |
Pinus virginiana | Virginia Pine | 5 to 6 feet |
Populus balsamifera | Balsam Popular | 2 1/2 to 3-inch caliper |
Prunus cerasifera | Flowering Plum | 2 1/2 to 3-inch caliper |
Prunus serrulata | White Cherry | 2 1/2 to 3-inch caliper |
Pseudotsuga menziesii | Douglas Fir | 4 to 5 feet |
Quercus acutissima | Sawtooth Oak | 3 to 3 1/2-inch caliper |
Quercus palustris | Pin Oak | 3 to 3 1/2-inch caliper |
Rhammus frangula columnaris | Tallhedge Buckthorn | 3 to 4 feet |
Sassafras albidum | Sassafras | 5 to 6 feet |
Syringa vulgaris | Common Lilac | 4 to 5 feet |
Tilia cordata1 | Linden | 3 to 3 1/2-inch caliper |
Tilia tomentosa1 | Silver Linden | 3 to 3 1/2-inch caliper |
Tsuga Canadensis | Canadian Hemlock | 4 to 5 feet |
Ulmus Americana 'Delaware'2 | American Elm, 'Delaware' | 3 to 3 1/2-inch caliper |
NOTES: 1 Cultivated variety. A single cultivar should be selected for consistency in appearance on a street. 2 Use only if resistant to Dutch Elm Disease. |
Betula | Pyrus |
Carpinus palustris | Quercus, excluding Q. |
Crataegus | Salix babylonica |
Ilex opaca | Tilia tomentosa |
Liquidambar styraciflua | Zelkova |
Liriodendron tulipifera |
Table 5 |
---|
Recommended Shrubs |
Botanical Name | Common Name | Minimum Planting Size |
---|---|---|
Abelia grandiflora | Glossy Abelia | 18 to 24 inches |
Aronia arbtutifolia brilliantissima | Red Chokeberry | 2 to 3 feet |
Aronia melanocarpa | Black Chokeberry | 4 to 5 feet |
Azalea delaware valley | Delaware Valley Azalea | 18 to 24 inches |
Azalea exbury | Exbury Azalea | 18 to 24 inches |
Azalea hino-crimson | Hino-Crimson Azalea | 18 to 24 inches |
Calycanthus occidentalis | Allspice | 4 to 5 feet |
Ceanothus americanus | New Jersey Tea | 3 to 4 feet |
Clethra alnifloia | Summersweet | 15 to 18 inches |
Cornus alba sibirica | Siberian Dogwood | 3 to 4 feet |
Cornus canadensis | Bunchberry | 3 to 4 feet |
Cornus sericea | Red Osier Dogwood | 4 to 5 feet |
Cornus stolonifera lutea | Yellowtwig | 3 to 4 feet |
Cotoneaster apiculata | Cranberry Cotoneaster | 12 to 18 inches |
Cotoneaster salicifolia repens | Park Carpet Cotoneaster | 12 to 18 inches |
Deutzia gracilis | Slender Deutzia | 18 to 24 inches |
Euonymous fortunei vegetus | Bigleaf Wintercreeper | 18 to 24 inches |
Fothergilla gardenii | Dwarf Fothergilla | 12 to 18 inches |
Fothergilla major | Large Fothergilla | 12 to 18 inches |
Hamamelis vernalis | Vernal Witch Hazel | 4 to 5 feet |
Hamamelis virginiana | Witchhazel | 4 to 5 feet |
Ilex crenata hellerei | Dwarf Japanese Holly | 18 to 24 inches |
Ilex glabra | Inkbeny | 18 to 24 inches |
Ilex glabra compacta | Compact Inkberry | 18 to 24 inches |
Ilex verticillata | Winterberry | 4 to 5 feet |
Juniperus chinensis glauca hetzi | Hetz Juniper | 2 1/2 to 3 feet |
Juniperus chinensis pfitzeriana compacta | Compact Pfitzer Juniper | 18 to 24 inches |
Juniperus chinensis torulosa | Torulosa Juniper | 4 to 5 feet |
Juniperus horizontalis "Bar Harbor" | Bar Harbor Juniper | 18 to 24 inches |
Juniperus horizontalis wiltoni | Blue Rug Juniper | 18 to 24 inches |
Juniperus sargenti | Sargent Juniper | 15 to 18 inches |
Juniperus virginiana | Upright Juniper | 4 to 5 feet |
Kalmia latiflora | Mountain Laurel | 15 to 18 inches |
Leucothoe axillaris | Coast Leucothoe | 18 to 24 inches |
Leucothoe racemosa | Fetterbush | 3 to 4 feet |
Magnolia soulangiana | Saucer Magnolia | 8 to 10 feet |
Magnolia stellata | Star Magnolia | 6 to 8 feet |
Magnolia virginiana | Sweetbay Magnolia | 6 to 8 feet |
Myrica pennsylvanicum | Bayberry | 2 to 3 feet |
Philadelphus virginalis | Virginal Mockorange | 2 to 3 feet |
Picea excelsa nidiformis | Birdnest Spruce | #1 can |
Pieris japonica | Japanese Andromeda | 15 to 8 inches |
Pinus montana mughus | Mugho Pine | 18 to 24 inches |
Potentilla fruticosa | Bush Cinquefoil | 12 to 18 inches |
Pyracantha fiery cascade | Fiery Cascade Firethorn | 18 to 24 inches |
Rhamnus caroliniana | Carolina Buckthorn | 3 to 4 feet |
Rhododendron calendulaceum | Flame Azalea | 2 to 3 feet |
Rhododendron catawbienese | Catawba Rhododendron | 2 to 3 feet |
Rhododendron maximum roseum | Rosebay Rhododendron | 2 to 3 feet |
Spirea latifolia | Meadowsweet | 3 to 4 feet |
Spirea tomentosa | Steeple Bush | 2 to 3 feet |
Spirea vanhouttei | Vanhoutte Spirea | 3 to 4 feet |
Spirea bumalda 'Anthony Waterer' | Anthony Waterer Spirea | 18 to 24 inches |
Spirea nipponica 'Snowmound' | Snowmound Spirea | 18 to 24 inches |
Syringa vulgaris | Common Purple Lilac | 5 to 6 feet |
Taxus baccata repandens | English Yew | 18 to 24 inches |
Taxus cuspidata densiformis | Dense Yew | 3 1/2 to four feet |
Taxus media hicksi | Hicks Yew | 18 to 24 inches |
Thuja occidentalis | American Arborvitae | 4 to 5 feet |
Thuja occidentalis nigra | Dark American Arborvitae | 5 to 6 feet |
Vaccinium corymbosum | Highbush Blueberry | 2 to 3 feet |
Viburnum burkwoodi | Burkwood Viburnum | 18 to 24 inches |
Viburnum dentatum | Arrowwood | 2 to 3 feet |
Viburnum prunifolium | Blackhaw Viburnum | 4 to 5 feet |
Viburnum rhytidophyllum | Leatherleaf Viburnum | 5 to 6 feet |
Viburnum tomentosum | Doublefile Viburnum | 5 to 6 feet |
Table 6 |
---|
Trees and Shrubs Recommended for Wet Conditions |
Botanical Name | Common Name | Minimum Planting Size |
---|---|---|
Acer negundo | Boxelder | 2 to 2 1/2-inch caliper |
Acer rubrum | Red Maple | 3 to 3 1/2-inch |
Acer saccharinum | Silver Maple | 3 to 3 1/2-inch |
Alnus serrulata | Smooth Alder | 2 to 2 1/2-inch |
Amelanchier alleghiensis | Allegheny Serviceberry | 2 1/2 to 3-inch |
Amelanchier canadensis | Shadblow (Downy Serviceberry) | 2 1/2 to 3-inch |
Aronia arbutifolia | Red Chokeberry | 2 to 3 feet |
Aronia melanocarpa | Black Chokeberry | 2 to 3 feet |
Betula nigra | River Birch | 10 to 12 feet |
Betula populifolia | Gray Birch | 10 to 12 feet |
Celphalanthus occidentalis | Buttonbush | 2 to 3 feet |
Clethra alnifolia | Summersweet | 18 to 24 inches |
Cornus amomum | Silky Dogwood | 3 to 4 feet |
Cornus sericea | Red Osier Dogwood | 3 to 4 feet |
Ilex glabra | Inkberry Holly | 18 to 24 inches |
Ilex verticillata | Winterberry Holly | 18 to 24 inches |
Itea virginica | Virginia Sweetspire | 12 to 15 inches |
Lindera benzoin | Spicebush Sweetspire | 18 to 24 inches |
Liquidambar styraciflora | Sweetgum | 3 to 3 1/2-inch |
Magnolia virgineana | Sweetbay Magnolia | 6 to 8 feet |
Nyssa sylvatica | Black Gum | 2 to 2 1/2-inch |
Platanus occidentalis | American Sycamore | 2 1/2 to 3-inch |
Quercus bicolor | Swamp White Oak | 2 1/2 to 3-inch caliper |
Quercus palustris | Pin Oak | 3 to 3 1/2-inch |
Salix discolor | Pussy Willow | 3 to 4 feet |
Salix babylonica | Weeping Willow | 3 to 3 1/2-inch |
Salix nigra | Black Willow | 2 to 2 1/2-inch |
Sambucus canadensis | Elderberry | 2 to 3 feet |
Vaccinium corymbosium | Highbush Blueberry | 2 to 3 feet |
Viburnum dentatum | Arrowwood Viburnum | 2 to 3 feet |
Viburnum trilobum | American Cranberry Bush | 4 to 5 feet |
Table 7 List of Invasive Species | |
---|---|
Botanical Name | Common Name |
Pyrus calleryana 'Bradford' | Bradford Pear |
Acer platanoides | Norway maple |
Paulownia tomentosa | Princess Tree |
Ailanthus altissima | Tree of Heaven |
Table 8 |
---|
Required Minimum Buffer Widths |
Adjacent Land Uses (feet) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Proposed Land Use | Agriculture | Residential Type A(1) | Residential Type B(2) | Retail | Professional Office | Other office | Institutional / Quasi-public |
Agriculture | None | 100 ft. | 100 ft. | 50 ft. | 50 ft. | 50 ft. | 50 ft. |
Residential | 100 | None | 25 ft. | 40 ft. | 25 ft. | 50 ft. | 50 ft. |
Type A1 | |||||||
Residential TypeB2 | 100 | 50 ft. | None | 25 ft. | 25 ft. | 50 ft. | 50 ft. |
Retail: Neighbor- hood Commercial | N/A | 20 ft. | 20 ft. | None | 15 ft. | None | None |
Other retail | 50 ft. | 40 ft. | 40 ft. | None | 15 ft. | 25 ft. | None |
Professional office | 50 ft. | 25 ft. | 25 ft. | 15 ft. | None | None | None |
Other office | 50 ft. | 50 ft. | 50 ft. | 25ft. | None | None | None |
Institu- tional/ Quasi-public | 50 ft. | 50 ft. | 50 ft. | None | None | None | None |
Industrial | 50 ft. | 100 ft. | 100 ft. | 25 ft. | 25 ft. | 25 ft. | 25 ft. |
NOTES: 1 Residential Type A equals single-family detached, duplex and semidetached dwellings. 2 Residential Type B equals all other dwellings except those in institutional settings, i.e., residential health-care facilities, skilled nursing facilities and assisted living facilities. The institutional category shall apply to these exceptions. |
Table 9 |
---|
Minimum Plant Density for Buffers |
Minimum Number of Required Plant Types per 100 Lineal Feet | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Required Buffer Width (feet) | Large or Medium Trees | Small or Ornamental Trees | Evergreens and Conifers | Shrubs |
151 | 3 | 4 | 9 | 20 |
20 | 4 | 6 | 10 | 24 |
25 | 5 | 8 | 15 | 30 |
40 | 6 | 9 | 18 | 36 |
50 | 8 | 12 | 24 | 48 |
1002 | 10 | 15 | 30 | 60 |
NOTES: 1 Buffers of this width or less shall incorporate an opaque fence or wall. 2 Twenty thorny understory, 38 thorny shrubs, 34 hedgerow shrubs and six large trees per 100 lineal feet may substitute for an agricultural buffer. |
Table 10 |
---|
Allowable Reductions in Buffer Widths and Plant Densities |
Required Buffer Width (feet) | Reduced Buffer Width With Fence1 or Wall (feet) | Allowed Reduction in Number of Plants Required in Table 7 with Fence or Wall2 |
---|---|---|
15 | None | None |
20 | 15 | 20% |
25 | 20 | 20% |
40 | 30 | 25% |
50 | 40 | 25% |
100 | 75 | None |
NOTES: 1 Fence or wall shall be opaque and sufficient to visually obstruct the view of persons at ground level. 2 Allowed reduction shall be evenly distributed over all required plant types. |
Angle of Parking Space | One-Way Aisle (feet) | Two-Way Aisle (feet) |
---|---|---|
90° | 22 | 24 |
60° | 18 | 20 |
45° | 15 | 20 |
30° | 12 | 18 |
Parallel | 12 | 18 |
Where the angle of parking is different on both sides of the aisle, the larger aisle width shall prevail. |
Traffic Lanes | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Type of Street | Right- of- Way Width (feet) | Maxi- mum Allow- able Grade2 (percent) | No. | Width (feet) | Shoulder Width Within Gutters (feet) | Width c.s. Gutters on Each Side1 (feet) | Width Be- tween Gutters and Curbs (feet) |
Arterial | 80 | 7 | 2 and 2 | 12 and 13 | — | 15 | 50 |
Collector | 66 | 8 | 2 | 12 | 8 | 13 | 40 |
Local (primary) | 50 | 9 | 2 | 15 | — | 10 | 30 |
Local (minor) | 50 | 10 | 2 | 123 | — | 13 | 24 |
NOTES: 1 Shall be grass stabilized topsoil, minimum four inches thick. 2 No on-street parking shall be permitted. 3 Except at intersections, where the maximum grade shall not exceed 4%. In addition, no street shall have a grade less than 1%. |
Type of Street | Radius Requirement (feet) |
---|---|
Arterial | 40 |
Collector | 35 |
Local | 30 |