Any member of the Zoning Hearing Board may be
removed for malfeasance, misfeasance or nonfeasance in office or for
any other just cause by a majority vote of the governing body which
appointed the members, taken after the member has received 15 days'
advance notice of the intent to take such a vote. A hearing shall
be held in connection with the vote if the member shall request it,
in writing.
Within the limits of funds appropriated by the Board of Supervisors, the Board may employ or contract for secretaries, clerks, legal counsel, consultants and other technical and clerical services. Members of the Board may receive compensation for the performance of their duties as may be fixed by the Board of Supervisors, but in no case shall it exceed the rate of compensation authorized to be paid to the Board of Supervisors. Alternate members of the Board may receive compensation, as may be fixed by the Board of Supervisors, for the performance of their duties when designated as alternate members pursuant to §
155-65B, but in no case shall such compensation exceed the rate of compensation authorized to be paid to the Board of Supervisors.
The Board shall conduct hearings and make decisions
in accordance with the following requirements:
A. The Board shall fix a reasonable time and place for
public hearings and shall give notice thereof as follows:
(1) By publishing a notice thereof at least 10 days before
the date fixed for the hearing in a newspaper of general circulation
in the Township.
(2) By mailing a notice thereof to the applicant.
(3) By mailing a notice thereof to the Zoning Officer,
the Township Secretary, each member of the Board of Supervisors, each
member of the Planning Commission and to every person or organization
who shall have registered with the Board for the purpose of receiving
such notices.
(4) When the Board shall so order, by mailing or delivering
a notice thereof to the owner, if his residence is known, or the occupier
of every lot on the same street within 1,000 feet of the lot or building,
provided that failure to give notice as required by this subsection
shall not invalidate any action taken by the Board.
(5) The notice herein required shall state the location
of the lot or building and the general nature of the questions involved.
(6) A notice of hearing shall be conspicuously posted
on the affected tract of land at least one week prior to the hearing.
B. The applicant before the Board shall deposit with
the Treasurer of the Township such a sum of money as shall be deemed
sufficient by the Board to pay the cost of the hearing, provided that
funds deposited in excess of the actual cost of the requested hearing
shall be returned to the applicant upon completion of the proceedings,
and, in the event that the cost of the hearing exceeds the funds deposited,
the applicant shall pay to the Treasurer of the Township funds equal
to such excess cost. The costs, however, shall not include legal expenses
of the Zoning Hearing Board, expenses for engineering, architectural
or other technical consultants or expert witness costs.
C. The hearing shall be held within 60 days from the
date of the applicant's request, unless the applicant has agreed,
in writing, to an extension of time.
D. The hearings shall be conducted by the Board or the
Board may appoint any member as a Hearing Officer. The decision or,
where no decision is called for, the finding shall be made by the
Board; however, the appellant or applicant, as the case may be, in
addition to the municipality, may, prior to the decision of the hearing,
waive decision or findings by the Board and accept the decision or
findings of the Hearing Officer as final.
E. The parties to the hearing shall be the Township,
any person who has made timely appearance of record before the Board
and any other person, including civic or community organizations permitted
to appear by the Board. The Board shall have power to require that
all persons who wish to be considered parties enter appearances, in
writing, on forms provided by the Board for that purpose.
F. The Chairman or Acting Chairman of the Board or the
Hearing Officer presiding shall have power to administer oaths and
issue subpoenas to compel the attendance of witnesses and the production
of relevant documents and papers, including witnesses and documents
requested by the parties.
G. The parties shall have the right to be represented
by counsel and shall be afforded the opportunity to respond and present
evidence and argument and cross-examine witnesses on all relevant
issues.
H. Formal rules of evidence shall not apply, but irrelevant,
immaterial or unduly repetitious evidence may be excluded.
I. The Board or the Hearing Officer, as the case may
be, shall keep a stenographic record of the proceedings. The appearance
fee for a stenographer shall be shared equally by the applicant and
the Board. The cost of the original transcript shall be paid by the
Board if the transcript is ordered by the Board or Hearing Officer,
or shall be paid by the person appealing from the decision of the
Board if such appeal is made, and in either event the cost of additional
copies shall be paid by the person requesting such copy or copies.
In other cases, the party requesting the original transcript shall
bear the cost thereof.
J. The Board or the Hearing Officer shall not communicate,
directly or indirectly, with any party or his representation in connection
with any issue involved, except upon notice and opportunity for all
parties to participate; shall not take notice of any communication,
reports, staff memoranda or other materials, except advice from their
solicitor, unless the parties are afforded an opportunity to contest
the material so noticed; and shall not inspect the site or its surroundings
after the commencement of hearings with any party or his representative
unless all parties are given an opportunity to be present.
K. The Board or the Hearing Officer, as the case may
be, shall render a written decision or, when no decision is called
for, make written findings on the application within 45 days after
the last hearing before the Board or Hearing Officer. Where the application
is contested or denied, each decision shall be accompanied by findings
of fact and conclusions based thereon, together with the reasons therefor.
Conclusions based on any provisions of the Municipalities Planning
Code or of any ordinance, rule or regulation shall contain a reference to the provision relied on and the reasons why the conclusion is deemed appropriate in the light of the facts found. If the hearing is conducted by a Hearing Officer, and there has been no stipulation that his decision or findings are final, the Board shall make his report and recommendations available to the parties within 45 days and the parties shall be entitled to make written representations thereon to the Board prior to final decision or entry of findings, and the Board's decision shall be entered no later than 30 days after the report of the Hearing Officer. Where the Board fails to render the decision within the period required by this subsection or fails to hold the required hearing within 60 days from the date of the applicant's request for a hearing, the decision shall be deemed to have been rendered in favor of the applicant unless the applicant has agreed, in writing or on the record, to an extension of time. When a decision has been rendered in favor of the applicant because of the failure of the Board to meet or render a decision hereinabove provided, the Board shall give public notice of said decision within 10 days from the last day it could have met to render a decision in the same manner as provided in Subsection
A of this section. If the Board shall fail to provide such notice, the applicant may do so. Nothing in this subsection shall prejudice the right of any party opposing the application to appeal the decision to a court of competent jurisdiction.
L. A copy of the final decision or, where no decision
is called for, of the findings shall be delivered to the applicant
personally, or mailed to him not later than the day following its
date. To all other persons who have filed their name and address with
the Board not later than the last day of the hearing, the Board shall
provide, by mail or otherwise, brief notice of the decision of findings
and a statement of the place at which the full decision or findings
may be examined.
Nothing contained in this article shall be construed
to deny the applicant or appellant the right to proceed directly to
court, where appropriate, pursuant to the Pennsylvania Rules of Civil
Procedure No. 1091 (relation to action in mandamus).
Where this chapter has stated, special exceptions
may be granted or denied by the Board, pursuant to express standards
and criteria. In granting a special exception, the Board may attach
such reasonable conditions and safeguards, in addition to those expressed
in this chapter, as it may deem necessary to implement the purposes
of the Municipalities Planning Code and this chapter.
Where the Board of Supervisors, in this chapter,
has stated conditional uses to be granted or denied by the Board of
Supervisors, pursuant to express standards and criteria, the Board
of Supervisors shall hold hearings on and decide requests for such
conditional uses in accordance with such standards and criteria. In
granting a conditional use, the Board of Supervisors may attach such
reasonable conditions and safeguards, in addition to those expressed
in this chapter, as it may deem necessary to implement the purposes
of the Municipalities Planning Code and this chapter.
Appeals under §
155-69A(1),
(2),
(3),
(4),
(7),
(8) and
(9) may be filed with the Board, in writing, by the landowner affected, any officer or agency of the municipality, or any person aggrieved. Requests for a variance under §
155-71 and for special exception under §
155-72 may be filed with the Board by any landowner or by any tenant with the permission of such landowner.
The time limitations for raising certain issues
and filing certain proceedings with the Board shall be as follows:
A. No person shall be allowed to file any proceedings with the Board later than 30 days after any application for development, preliminary or final, has been approved by the Board of Supervisors, if such proceeding is designed to secure reversal or to limit the approval in any manner, unless such person alleges and proves that he had no notice, knowledge or reason to believe that such approval had been given. If such person has succeeded to his interest after such approval, he shall be bound by the knowledge of his predecessor in interest. The failure of anyone other than the landowner to appeal from an adverse decision on a tentative plan pursuant to §
155-125 or from an adverse decision by a Zoning Officer on a challenge to the validity of an ordinance or map pursuant to §
155-78 shall preclude an appeal from a final approval, except in the case where the final submission substantially deviates from the approved tentative approval.
B. All appeals from determination adverse to the landowners
shall be filed by the landowner within 30 days after notice of the
determination is issued.
In order not to unreasonably delay the time when a landowner may secure assurance that the ordinance or map under which he proposed to build is free from challenge, and recognizing that the procedure for preliminary approval of his development may be too cumbersome or may be unavailable, the landowner may advance the date from which time for any challenge to the ordinance or map will run under §
155-75 by the following procedure:
A. The landowner may submit plans and other materials
describing his proposed use or development to the Zoning Officer for
a preliminary opinion as to their compliance with the applicable ordinances
and maps. Such plans and other materials shall not be required to
meet the standards prescribed for preliminary, tentative or final
approval or for the issuance of a building permit, so long as they
provide reasonable notice of the proposed use or development and a
sufficient basis for a preliminary opinion as to its compliance.
B. If the Zoning Officer's preliminary opinion is that the use or development complies with the ordinance or map, notice thereof shall be published once each week for two successive weeks in a newspaper of general circulation in the Township. Such notice shall include a general description of the proposed use or development and its location, by some readily identifiable directive, and the place and times where the plans and other materials may be examined by the public. The favorable preliminary approval under §
155-75 and the time therein specified for commencing a proceeding with the Board shall run from the time when the second notice thereof has been published.