[Adopted 9-3-1986 by L.L. No. 8-1986]
A.
It is the purpose of these specifications to establish
minimum acceptable standards of road construction to be built in connection
with the development or subdivision of land in the Town of Lloyd,
including but not limited to width, design, drainage, construction
of base and pavement, curbs and sidewalks, monuments and signs. The
specifications and standards set forth herein shall apply to all streets,
roads and highways whether they are intended to be public or private.
[Amended 9-19-1990 by L.L. No. 6-1990]
B.
In any written certification, the developer's professional
engineer shall state clearly that he or his authorized representative
has inspected all phases of the street construction and that all work
has been completed in accordance with the approved plans and these
specifications.
C.
In general, all construction materials, methods, procedures
and practices shall conform to the Standard Specifications (Construction
and Materials), New York State Department of Transportation, Office
of Engineering (NYSDOT Specifications), latest edition, and these
specifications and standards.
D.
Prior to
construction, the developer/constructor shall have on site at all
times a copy of the latest edition of the following documents to ensure
full compliance with these road specifications:
[Added 4-18-2012 by L.L. No. 7-2012]
(1)
Approved
construction plans.
(2)
Approved
subdivision plat.
(4)
Stormwater
management plan, together with all permits.
(5)
Construction
agreement as accepted by the Town Board.
(6)
Approved
shop drawings and other submissions and test reports as approved by
the Town Highway Superintendent.
(7)
Any
other documents deemed necessary by the Town Highway Department and
the Town Attorney.
[Amended 3-18-1987 by L.L. No. 3-1987]
A.
The developer's irrevocable offer of cession of roads
and easements, warranty deed and supporting forms for filing in the
County Clerk's office, along with releases from all mortgages and
other encumbrances and any drainage or other easements, offer of dedication,
proposed Town Board resolution of consent and the Town Highway Superintendent's
order laying out the proposed road as a public highway must be deposited
with the Attorney for the Town of Lloyd prior to the Planning Board
Chairman's signing of any subdivision map, along with the performance
bond specified hereinafter.
[Amended 9-19-1990 by L.L. No. 6-1990]
B.
Dedication of the roadway right-of-way, along with
any requisite and/or adjoining drainage structures and bridges and/or
utility rights-of-ways or easements, will not be accepted until the
developer's professional engineer, the Town Superintendent of Highways
and the Town Highway Engineer have certified, on the Town's form,
to the Town Board that the construction of the road or roads, together
with all improvements made thereon, has been completed in accordance
with the approved plans and these specifications which follow, and
that all such improvements have been properly documented on a legible
as-built survey drawing, as certified by the developer's New York
State licensed professional engineer or land surveyor.
[Amended 4-18-2012 by L.L. No. 7-2012]
C.
Such roadway must be granted to the Town by a full
covenant and warranty deed containing the correct metes and bounds
description shown on said map, which deed must be in such form as
may be required to entitle the same to be recorded in the office of
the County Clerk of Ulster County, and the filing fees must be paid
by the applicant.
D.
The Planning Board is authorized to direct that any
specific road, street or highway shown on a proposed plat be public
or private and in the exercise of the public welfare, may place reasonable
conditions on the approval of any such road, street or highway, even
those intended to be private and not dedicated to or maintained by
the Town of Lloyd.
[Added 9-19-1990 by L.L. No. 6-1990; amended 4-18-2012 by L.L. No. 7-2012]
A.
The plan of the proposed street shall be prepared
by a qualified engineer properly licensed by the State of New York.
The plan shall clearly define the limits of the proposed right-of-way
and shall include the location, widths, profiles and grades of proposed
roadways, storm drainage, including culverts and other drainage structures,
and the location of easements and utilities. The plan shall be submitted
to the Town Superintendent of Highways and Town Engineer, and to the
Ulster County Commissioner of Public Works or the New York State Department
of Transportation when any street drains toward or may otherwise affect
a county or state highway, and to the Town Planning Board for review
and approval under the applicable subdivision regulations of the Town.
Such plans so submitted shall not be altered or amended after having
been approved by the Planning Board, unless amended plans are resubmitted
and approved as above. However, the developer shall, at his own expense,
provide additional storm drainage structures or other facilities as
may be ordered by the Town Superintendent of Highways if, during the
progress of the work, in the opinion of the Town Superintendent of
Highways, the Town Engineer and/or the Commissioner of Public Works,
such additional drainage structures or facilities are necessary to
assure the durability of pavement, the future maintenance of the right-of-way
or the welfare or safety of the public.
B.
If construction has not been started within one year
from the date of final approval by the Town Planning Board, plans
shall be resubmitted and approved as above by the Town Superintendent
of Highways.
[Amended 9-19-1990 by L.L. No. 6-1990; 10-12-2011 by L.L. No. 7-2011]
A.
Prior to signing of any subdivision or commercial plan or map by
the Town Planning Board Chairman, or prior to the start of any construction,
and as a guaranty for the performance of the requirements of this
section of any new road, street, utility, stormwater control facility,
or of any improvements to any Town street, and as a guaranty of timely
completion of the work being bonded, the developer shall deposit with
the Town a written security agreement whereby the developer agrees
to construct the improvements, such agreement to be approved by the
Town Board and, as to form, by the Town Attorney, along with security
for the developer's performance. Security shall be in the form
of: (i) a performance bond of an acceptable surety company; (ii) bonds
of the United States of America; (iii) an irrevocable letter of credit
from a bank located and authorized to do business in New York State;
(iv) the deposit of funds in an account or certificate of deposit
issued by a bank or trust company located in and authorized to do
business in New York State; such account must be assigned to the Town;
or (v) any obligations fully guaranteed as to interest and principal
by the United States of America, having a market value at least equal
to the full cost of the improvements. Any such security shall be delivered
to the Town or held in a Town account at a bank or trust company.
The security agreements shall provide:
(1)
That the developer will commence with the work to construct the improvements
within six weeks upon depositing the acceptable security with the
Town;
(2)
That the developer will continue with the work, continuously without
cessation or unreasonable delay, in constructing the improvements,
particularly between March 15 and November 15 of each year;
(3)
That within two years of the signing of the subdivision or commercial plan, the developer will complete the construction of all required improvements, as required by law, and in accordance with the approved plans and specifications. The time for completion may be shorter if a developer elects to complete the improvements in phases. See Town Code § 90-4D(8);
(4)
If streets are to be dedicated to the Town, that, upon certification
by the developer's professional engineer and by the Town Superintendent
of Highways that the construction of the street, utilities and required
stormwater control facilities have been completed in accordance with
the approved plans and specifications, the developer will dedicate
the completed street to the Town for use as a public highway free
and clear of all liens and encumbrances. This guaranty of dedication
shall apply to the owner of the property as well as the developer,
where the two are not synonymous;
(5)
That, upon the developer's failure to construct the required
improvements as required by the terms of the security agreement, including,
without limitation, the developer's cessation of construction
without Town approval, the Town Board may declare the security agreement
to be in default and take the security posted and construct the improvements
so secured but only to the extent of the available funds. The Town
is not obligated to complete all subdivision work unless the owners
of lots provide additional funds. The Town may restrict the issuance
of building permits, in its discretion, in such circumstances.
B.
The minimum total amount of the posted security shall be determined
by the Town Engineer by applying the quantities or dimensions shown
on the approved plan at the rates per unit as established by the schedule
of rates adopted by resolution and amended by the Town Board from
time to time by resolution.
C.
The security agreement shall be for such term as determined by the
Planning Board, up to three years, but may be extended by the Planning
Board upon agreement of all parties, including the surety, if applicable.
A.
Prior to the commencement of construction and throughout
the same period of the maintenance bond and until the final acceptance
by the Town of any proposed street, the developer shall file with
the Town Clerk evidence that he has taken out an insurance policy
in the amount of $500,000/$1,000,000 for public liability and $300,000
for property damage, naming as additional insured the Town Board and/or
the Town Highway Department and/or the Town Superintendent of Highways.
This insurance policy shall be in full effect until the date of acceptance
of the dedication of the street by the Town Board, or the date of
approval by the Highway Superintendent if it is a private road.
[Amended 4-18-2012 by L.L. No. 7-2012]
B.
The purpose of this requirement for insurance is to
protect and defend the Town against any claims which may arise because
of the operations of the developer or of possible defects in work
performed by him.
C.
Subsequent to the acceptance of the dedication of
the street and after receipt of the maintenance bond and evidence
of insurance by the Town, the Town Board shall release the performance
bond.
A.
General.
(1)
The Town Planning Board shall determine and designate
into which of the following classifications each proposed subdivision
street falls on the basis of one or more of the criteria hereinafter
set forth:
[Amended 9-19-1990 by L.L. No. 6-1990]
(2)
Final plans shall be drawn to scale, and the developer
shall construct each street in accordance with the particular specifications
for its designated classification as also hereinafter set forth as
well as in accordance with the specifications common to all classifications.
B.
Determining criteria.
(1)
Major roads.
(a)
The proposed street is the direct and logical
continuation of a street that carried 500 or more cars during a twelve-hour
period as shown on the latest traffic count.
(b)
The proposed street creates a shorter and more
convenient through traffic artery so that it can be reasonably expected
that traffic will be diverted from other major streets to such an
extent that it will reach at least 500 cars in 12 hours two years
after opening.
(c)
The proposed street could logically be expected
to become a major street because of future construction or other foreseeable
circumstances.
(2)
Commercial roads.
(a)
The proposed street is in an area zoned for
commerce or industry.
(b)
The proposed street is on or so close to the
dividing line between a residential and a commercial or industrial
area that it may reasonably be expected to carry a substantial volume
of commercial or industrial traffic.
(c)
The proposed street creates a shorter and more
convenient route between a commercial or industrial area and a major
traffic artery.
(d)
The proposed street for any other reason may
be expected to carry a substantial volume of commercial or industrial
traffic.
(3)
Local residential roads. (NOTE: This classification
is intended to cover the majority of subdivision streets.)
(a)
The proposed street shall not be or be reasonably
expected to become a through, commercial or industrial street.
(b)
The proposed street shall be a dead-end, loop
or other minor street within a development.
(c)
The proposed street is not or cannot reasonably
be expected to become a continuation or extension of a street of one
of the two above-described classifications. Should such be the case,
the proposed street shall take the classification of the street of
which it is a continuation or extension.
(d)
The proposed street does not or cannot reasonably
be expected to carry a substantial volume of traffic.
(4)
Rural roadways. This classification is intended to
cover a minority of exceptional subdivision streets characterized
by very low volume, rural highway use within a subdivision having
no more than 20 lots with an average lot size of two acres or more,
but no lot shall be less than 1.75 acres. Such roadway shall be allowed
only on permanent dead-end roads and such other situations where the
Planning Board deems it appropriate.
[Added 9-19-1990 by L.L. No. 6-1990]
(5)
Private roads. Private multiple-use driveways shall
now be classified as private roadways and shall be constructed in
accordance with the standards for rural roadways as specified herein.
All lots and properties served by a private roadway shall have easements
and cross-easements for ingress and egress and a maintenance agreement,
signed and recorded in the County Clerk's office, defining the rights
and responsibilities of the lot and property owners and approved by
the Planning Board, prohibiting parking on the private roadway easement
and incorporating other standards acceptable to the Planning Board,
the Fire Department and its attorneys.
[Added 9-19-1990 by L.L. No. 6-1990; amended 1-10-2007 by L.L. No. 2-2007]
A.
The figures at the end of this chapter show cross-sections
of the classifications of subdivision streets and private roads. These
give the required design, dimensions and construction details.
[Amended 9-19-1990 by L.L. No. 6-1990; 1-10-2007 by L.L. No. 2-2007]
B.
The tables below are comparative summary sheets which
list the major items of construction for all types of streets and
may be useful as a checklist of requirements. Thereafter are set forth
the general and more detailed specifications for design and construction
applicable to all streets. The developer shall design and construct
streets which shall conform to both the specific and the general specifications.
[Amended 9-19-1990 by L.L. No. 6-1990]
C.
The following is a summary of road specifications
indicating the minimum requirements to be accepted by the Highway
Superintendent.
[Amended 9-19-1990 by L.L. No. 6-1990]
|
TABLE I
SUMMARY OF ROAD SPECIFICATIONS
[Amended 1-10-2007 by L.L. No. 2-2007]
| |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Requirement
|
Local Residential
|
Collector Commercial
|
Major
|
Note
| |
|
Right-of-way width (feet)
|
50
|
60
|
60
| ||
|
Clearing width (feet)
|
50
|
60
|
60
| ||
|
Grading width (feet)
|
50
|
60
|
60
| ||
|
Design speed (miles per hour)
|
30
|
30
|
30
| ||
|
Minimum radius of horizontal curves (feet)
|
175, except for street intersection corners
|
300, except for street intersection corners
|
400
| ||
|
Minimum length of vertical curves (feet)
|
100, but not less than 20 for each 1% algebraic
difference of grade
|
150, but not less than 30 for each 1% algebraic
difference of grade
|
200, but not less than 30 for each 1% algebraic
difference of grade
| ||
|
Minimum length of tangents between reverse curves
(feet)
|
100
|
200
|
300
| ||
|
Maximum grade
|
10%
|
8%
|
6%
| ||
|
Minimum grade
|
0.7%
|
0.7%
|
0.7%
| ||
|
Minimum sight distance along road (feet)
|
200
|
400
|
500
| ||
|
Minimum sight distance at intersections
|
Across corner, 75 feet back from sections corner, as explained in § 89-19O.
| ||||
|
Minimum turnaround radius (feet):
| |||||
|
Permanent right-of-way
|
60
|
60
|
75
| ||
|
Permanent pavement
|
50
|
50
|
65
| ||
|
Temporary right-of-way
|
50
|
50
|
75
| ||
|
Temporary pavement
|
45
|
45
|
65
| ||
|
Maximum center island radius (feet)
|
15
|
15
|
15
| ||
|
Maximum length of cul-de-sac
|
6 times the minimum lot width at the building
line specified for the zoning district, or as may be increased by
the Planning Board in accordance with § A104-23G
| ||||
|
Pavement width (feet)
| |||||
|
Curbs
|
26
|
28
|
30
| ||
|
No curbs
|
22
|
N/A
|
N/A
| ||
|
Shoulder width, no curbs
|
6
|
N/A
|
NA
|
(1)
| |
|
Storm drains
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
| ||
|
Foundation course thickness (inches)
|
12
|
12
|
12
|
(2)
| |
|
Initial pavement
|
Not required
|
Not required
|
3 coats of oil and stone
|
(3)
| |
|
Binder course (asphaltic)
|
3
|
4
|
5
|
(4)
| |
|
Wearing course (asphaltic concrete) [inches]
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
(5)
| |
|
Concrete curbs
|
See Note (6).
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
(6)
| |
|
Sidewalks
|
See Note (7).
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
(7)
| |
|
Monuments
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
| ||
|
Street signs
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
| ||
|
Streetlighting
|
See Note (8).
|
Every 300 feet
|
Every 200 feet
|
(8)
| |
|
Pavement marking
|
No
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
(9)
| |
|
NOTES FOR TABLE 1,
SUMMARY OF ROAD SPECIFICATIONS:
| ||
|---|---|---|
|
N/A — Not applicable.
| ||
|
(1)
|
Shoulders are required on both sides of the
roadway, six-foot minimum width, each side.
| |
|
(2)
|
If foundation soils are found to be deficient,
the thickness of the foundation course may be increased as directed
by the Highway Superintendent. Drainage fabric shall be provided over
low wet areas prior to placement of foundation course. All low areas
are to be adequately drained to mitigate frost heaves within the roadway.
| |
|
(3)
|
For conditions requiring initial coat (armor coat), see § 89-19J of these specifications.
| |
|
(4)
|
Binder course shall conform to NYSDOT 3 hot
bituminous concrete plant mix and shall be rolled to the required
thickness.
| |
|
(5)
|
Wearing course shall conform to NYSDOT Type
6F hot bituminous concrete plant mix and shall be rolled to the required
thickness.
| |
|
(6)
|
Concrete curbs are required in all subdivisions
having lots of 1/4 acre or less and in all planned unit development,
planned residential development, multifamily, commercial and industrial
districts. Trailer parks are excluded.
| |
|
(7)
|
Sidewalks are required in all subdivisions having
lots of 1/4 acre or less and in all planned unit development,
planned residential development, multifamily, commercial and industrial
districts. Trailer parks are excluded.
| |
|
(8)
|
Streetlighting is required at all intersections
of roadways. In subdivisions having lots of 1/4 acre or less
and in all planned unit development, planned residential development
and multifamily districts, lighting is required every 300 feet.
| |
|
(9)
|
Pavement marking shall be yellow reflective
paint and shall be placed down the center of the paved roadway in
accordance with the directions of the Highway Superintendent, per
NYSDOT specifications.
| |
|
(10)
|
Road classification, as indicated on the Town
Plan or Official Map or as determined by the Planning Board. Standards
are not shown for major roads, as they would be built by the state
or county in all probability.
| |
|
(11)
|
The Planning Board reserves the right to modify
the above minimum standards to meet specific and unusual conditions.
| |
|
TABLE 2
SUMMARY OF RURAL ROAD AND PRIVATE ROAD
SPECIFICATIONS
[Amended 1-10-2007 by L.L. No. 2-2007]
| ||
|---|---|---|
|
Requirement
Driveway
|
Rural Roadway and Private Road
| |
|
Right-of-way (feet) (See Note 1.)
|
50
| |
|
Clearing width (feet)
|
50
| |
|
Grading width (feet)
|
32
| |
|
Design speed (miles per hour)
|
30
| |
|
Minimum radius of horizontal curve (feet)
|
175, except for street intersection corners
| |
|
Minimum length of vertical curves (feet)
|
100, but not less than 20 for each 1% of algebraic
difference of grade
| |
|
Minimum length of tangents between reverse curves
(feet)
|
100
| |
|
Maximum grade (percent)
|
10
| |
|
Minimum grade (percent)
|
0.7
| |
|
Minimum sight distance along road (feet)
|
200
| |
|
Minimum sight distance at intersections
|
Across corner, 75 feet back from corner, as explained in § 89-19O
| |
|
Minimum turnaround radius (feet) (required at
dead ends)
| ||
|
Permanent right-of-way
|
60
| |
|
Permanent pavement
|
50
| |
|
Maximum center island radius (feet)
|
15
| |
|
Maximum length of cul-de-sac
|
6 times the minimum lot width at the building
line specified for the zoning district, or as may be increased by
the Planning Board in accordance with § A104-23G, but no
longer than 1,250 feet
| |
|
Minimum pavement width (feet)
|
20
| |
|
Minimum shoulder width (feet)
|
4 (See Note 2.)
| |
|
Storm drain
|
Yes
| |
|
Foundation course thickness (inches)
|
12 (See Note 3.)
| |
|
Pavement thickness, asphaltic concrete (inches)
|
3 1/2 (See Note 6)
| |
|
Monuments
|
Yes
| |
|
Street signs
|
Yes
| |
|
Streetlighting
|
(See Note 4.)
| |
|
NOTES FOR TABLE 2,
SUMMARY OF RURAL ROAD AND PRIVATE ROAD
SPECIFICATIONS:
| ||
|---|---|---|
|
N/A — Not applicable.
| ||
|
(1)
|
The fifty-foot required right-of-way under private roads should not in any case be construed to replace the requirements of § 90-3D, 90-5A(3)(b) and § 100-14 of the Town of Lloyd Code. Private rights-of-ways shall not be counted as part of the lot requirements for residential districts per Chapter 100, Attachment 2, Town of Lloyd Dimensional Table. All lot areas and yard setback requirements shall be computed from the private right-of-way boundary as though it were a public highway.
[Amended 4-18-2012 by L.L. No. 7-2012] | |
|
(2)
|
Shoulders are required on both sides of the
roadway. Shoulders shall have adequate surface treatment and drainage
for safe passage of emergency vehicles.
| |
|
(3)
|
If foundation soils are found to be deficient,
the thickness of the foundation course may be increased as directed
by the Highway Superintendent. Drainage fabric shall be provided over
low wet areas prior to placement of foundation course. All low areas
are to be adequately drained to mitigate frost heaves within the roadway.
| |
|
(4)
|
Streetlighting is required at all intersections
of roadways.
| |
|
(5)
|
The Planning Board reserves the right to modify
the above minimum standards to meet specific and unusual conditions.
| |
|
(6)
|
Pavement to be two-inch compacted thickness
asphalt concrete hot mix, composite type, plus a 1 1/2-inch layer
Type 6 asphalt concrete.
[Added 1-10-2007 by L.L. No. 2-2007] | |
A.
Layout. The developer shall establish and clearly
mark on site the limits of the road right-of-way and easements, the
center line and grades of the road pavement and the location and elevation
of drainage and drainage structures in accordance with the approved
plans. Such markers shall be maintained at the developer's expense
until the construction of all required improvements within the right-of-way
limits has been completed, inspected and approved by the Town Superintendent
of Highways.
B.
Erosion and sediment control; clearing and grubbing.
(1)
Prior to the commencement of any work on the site, the developer shall have an approved stormwater pollution prevention plan (SWPPP), consistent with the requirements of Town Code Chapter 55, Stormwater Management and Erosion and Sediment Control.
[Amended 4-12-2006 by L.L. No. 1-2006]
(a)
Prior to any clearing and grubbing, the developer
shall install the required erosion and sediment control measures that
are detailed in the approved SWPPP, which shall include but not be
limited to silt barriers or fences, sediment traps, and the like,
in order to prevent on-site erosion, damage to properties off site;
deposition of silt or debris into established watercourses, streams
or waterways; or any other harmful effects on the environment.
(b)
The developer shall maintain all required erosion
and sediment control measures throughout the construction period,
perform all scheduled inspections, and preserve all logs, construction
plans and records on site for review by the authorities having jurisdiction.
All temporary stormwater and water quality control measures shall
be maintained in accordance with the approved SWPPP until all permanent
stormwater control and water quality practices are in place, grass
areas are well established and paved areas are in place.
(3)
All roots and stumps shall be grubbed, excavated and
removed from the above areas and shall be properly disposed in accordance
with local regulations.
C.
Excavation, filling and rough grading.
(1)
The developer shall complete the shaping of the rights-of-way,
streams and ditches and easement areas to the line and grade as shown
on the approved plan and as otherwise may be directed by the Town
Superintendent of Highways. All unsuitable or unstable materials shall
be completely excavated and removed from the right-of-way, and all
rocks or boulders larger than six inches in diameter shall be excavated
at least eight inches below the finished subgrade of road pavement,
drainage or drainage structures, curbs and sidewalks.
(2)
Where fills are necessary to complete the required
line and grade or to backfill trenches or other excavations, the materials
incorporated in the work shall be acceptable to the Town Superintendent
of Highways and shall be placed in layers not exceeding eight inches
in depth, each layer to be thoroughly compacted by rolling with a
three-wheel, sheepsfoot, pneumatic-tired or padded-wheel roller or
by impact rammer or vibrator equipment in areas inaccessible to power
rollers to achieve a maximum density of 95%, modified proctor. All
compaction shall continue until the fills are firm and unyielding.
(3)
The areas between the shoulder edge and the right-of-way
line must be graded and seeded in order to prevent erosion. All slopes,
except rock cuts, shall be covered with four inches of topsoil and
shall be seeded, mulched or otherwise planted to provide a hardy cover
and to prevent erosion.
(4)
The rough grade of the road pavement, curb and sidewalk
areas shall be completed to within one inch above or below finished
subgrade as shown on the approved cross section of the right-of-way
improvement.
(5)
Earth shoulders and flow line of ditches and gutters
shall be maintained in satisfactory condition at the developer's expense
at all times during the course of construction of the subdivision
and until such time as the Town Board has accepted dedication of the
right-of-way.
D.
Excavation, laying and backfilling of buried utilities.
(2)
The width of the trench in which the pipe is placed
shall be sufficient to permit thorough tamping of the backfill under
the haunches and around the pipe. Where rock is encountered in either
boulder or ledge formation, it shall be removed below grade and replaced
with coarse sand or approved gravel in such a manner as to provide
an earth cushion having a thickness under the pipe of not less than
six inches. Where soft, spongy or other unstable soil is encountered
at the established pipe grade, all such unstable soil under the pipe
and for a width of one diameter on each side of the pipe shall be
removed and replaced with approved gravel or other acceptable material.
In all cases, the bed shall be thoroughly compacted and shall provide
a firm foundation for the pipe. Coarse sand or approved gravel fill
shall be placed and thoroughly compacted around all buried pipes to
12 inches above the top of the pipe. In no case shall the top of any
drainage pipe be less than 30 inches below the finished grade of the
pavement, unless authorized by the Town Superintendent of Highways.
(3)
Trenches over five feet zero inches in depth shall
be properly sheeted or shored to provide safe access to workmen. Sides
of trenches may be cut back on a slope (two horizontal to one vertical)
when the depth of the trench exceeds five feet zero inches.
(4)
Pipe shall be laid to true line and grade on the prepared
bed of the trench. Vertical and horizontal separation of utility pipes
shall be provided as may be required by the local Health Department
or other agency. In no case shall any pipe or lateral connection be
closer than 18 inches to any other utility pipe or lateral connection.
(5)
All connections for making field joints in corrugated
metal pipe shall consist of corrugated metal bands so constructed
as to lap on equal portions of each of the culvert sections to be
connected. All joints in making field connections of reinforced concrete
pipe shall be filled with portland cement mortar or shall use watertight
rubber gaskets.
(6)
Backfilling of trenches shall be done in accordance with the paragraph on fills under Subsection C above.
(7)
Any additional drainage facilities not shown on the
approved plan and which may be ordered by the Town Superintendent
of Highways shall be constructed by the developer at the developer's
expense and in accordance with these specifications.
E.
Drainage culverts, bridges and stream bank protection.
[Amended 9-19-1990 by L.L. No. 6-1990; 4-18-2012 by L.L. No. 7-2012]
(1)
Storm drainage culvert pipe may be reinforced concrete (RCP), high-density
polyethylene (HDPE) or coated steel pipe (CSP) with a minimum diameter
of 15 inches across driveways and a minimum diameter of 18 inches
for road drainage.
(a)
All round and oblate culvert pipes shall be designed to withstand
an H-25 highway loading and shall conform to NYSDOT and these specifications.
(b)
All collars and connecting bands shall be soil-tight with a
minimum width of 12 inches wide and with hot-dipped galvanized bolts
or nylon ties as the standard recommended by the pipe manufacturer.
(c)
Reinforced concrete pipe (RCP) shall be Class V with a Manning's
roughness coefficient n = 0.012 and shall be manufactured with gasket
slip-joints or gasket bell and spigot joints. Each piece of reinforced
concrete pipe shall be marked with the specification number and the
date of manufacture.
(d)
High-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe shall have a smooth interior
wall (n = 0.012) with soil-tight gasket joints per AASHTO standards.
(e)
Coated steel pipe (CSP) shall conform to ASTM A252, Grade 2
or 3 or better, with an internal and external bituminous asphalt coating
to meet ANSI-A21.4 (n = 0.012) and with the following minimum wall
thicknesses: 16-inch to 22-inch diameter (0.375-inch wall thickness);
24-inch to 36-inch diameter (0.500-inch wall thickness); and 42-inch
diameter and larger (0.625 inch wall thickness). Joints on steel pipe
shall be welded and coated.
(f)
No other type of pipe material will be allowed unless authorized
in writing; pipes of other material shall be submitted for approval
in triplicate and in writing to the Town Superintendent of Highway.
(2)
Bridges may be of reinforced concrete, structural steel, treated
timber and/or aluminum structural plate and shall be as follows:
(a)
For the purpose of these specifications, bridges are defined
as any structure that is designed to span across a natural or man-made
water course and with a clear span of five feet or more.
(b)
All bridges shall be designed for an H-25 highway loading (front
axle at 10,000 pounds and rear axle at 40,000 pounds) and shall properly
convey stream flows from a one-hundred-year storm event without flowing
over or around the bridge.
(c)
The waterway area below the bridge shall be free of pipes, culverts
and other forms of obstruction.
(d)
The underside of the bridge deck shall be no lower than the
top of the adjacent roadway.
(e)
Bridges shall have a smooth interior face to reduce turbulent
flow conditions.
(f)
An open deck shall be provided on all bridges with a minimal
curb and open safety railing system to allow extreme floodwaters to
flow over the bridge deck.
(g)
A smooth inlet and outlet headwall system shall be provided
so that floodwaters may be safely diverted into the waterway under
the bridge.
(h)
Bridges and vehicular railings shall be designed per AASHTO
standards.
(3)
Stream bank protection.
(a)
Constructed walls along streams shall be prohibited unless the
effect of such walls will not alter the calculated or documented elevation
of floodwaters generated during a one-hundred-year storm event.
(b)
Stream walls shall be designed to resist the hydraulic loading
of floodwaters generated during a one-hundred-year storm event.
(c)
Riprap revetments.
[1]
Riprap revetments shall be designed to withstand the maximum
water flow velocity when the stream bank is at full stage.
|
Velocity of Stream at High Flows
(feet per second)
|
Riprap Range
(inches)
| |
|---|---|---|
|
2 to 6
|
4 to 12; average 6
| |
|
6 to 8
|
6 to 18; average 12
| |
|
8 to 10
|
12 to 24; average 18
| |
|
10 to 12
|
18 to 30; average 24
|
[2]
The variance in size and rough-angular-shape surfaces of the
rock shall allow the revetment to absorb the impact of the flowing
water. Rocks are to be NYSDOT compliant and are to be placed tightly
together to form a dense layer of protection. The layer of riprap
shall be 1.5 times the thickness of the largest stone. The final surface
shall be as uniform as possible.
(4)
The required submissions to be made to the Town Highway Department
for approval shall include all culverts, bridges and stream bank protection
work, on or off Town roads, complete with drawings, specifications,
hydraulic report and design criteria. Such submissions are required
for all projects, private and municipal, before the Town and/or Planning
Boards.
F.
Catch basins and curb inlets.
(1)
General. The following specifications and Figures
5 and 6[2] show the minimum acceptable construction for typical catch
basins and curb inlets. Whenever, in the opinion of the Town Superintendent,
ground conditions or other circumstances require it, larger or heavier
materials, additional materials, reinforcing or other modifications
and improvements in design and construction shall be made as directed
by the Town Superintendent at any time prior to paving.
[2]
Editor's Note: Figures 5 and 6 are included
at the end of this chapter.
(2)
Location. Catch basins shall be constructed at all
points of change of slope or alignment and at all junction points.
At no time shall catch basins be spaced farther apart than 400 feet
on slopes less than 3%, 300 feet on slopes from 3% to 6% and 250 feet
on slopes over 6% in steepness.
(3)
Excavation. Holes for catch basins shall be excavated
to a depth of 35 inches below the designated elevation of the invert
of the effluent pipe. Crushed stone or run-of-bank gravel to a uniform
depth of nine inches leveled and compacted over the entire area under
the base shall be laid in the holes.
(4)
Construction. All catch basins shall be of precast
concrete conforming to NYSDOT Specifications and shall be designed
to sustain an H-20 highway loading, plus twenty-five-percent impact
load.
(5)
Installation of pipes.
(a)
Precast concrete walls around all pipes entering
or leaving catch basins shall be cast to fit the contours of the pipes
as closely as possible. Remaining interstices shall be solidly filled
with mortar for the full thickness of the wall. Ends of all pipes
shall be cut off flush with the inside surfaces of the catch basin
walls.
(b)
When the diameter of the effluent pipe is greater
than that of an influent pipe, the elevation of the top of the influent
pipe shall be no lower than the elevation of the top of the effluent
pipe.
(c)
When the diameter of the effluent pipe is the
same as or smaller than that of an influent pipe, the elevation of
the invert of the influent pipe shall be no lower than the elevation
of the invert of the effluent pipe. In no case shall the top of any
influent pipe be more than five feet above the invert of the effluent
pipe.
(6)
Curb inlets.
(a)
Wherever required, catch basins shall be capped
with curb inlets having a minimum frame opening of 30 by 48 of a type
as designated by the Town Highway Superintendent.
(c)
Curb-front openings on all curb inlets shall
have, centered in the opening, a solid horizontal bar to prevent the
ingress of small children. This bar shall be part of the casting or
solidly welded in place subsequent to manufacture.
(7)
Steps. Catch basins having a depth greater than 48
inches from the finished surface to the top of the concrete base shall
be provided with steps. Steps shall be of wrought iron having a minimum
diameter of 3/4 inch, which shall be hot-bent to shape and hot-dipped
galvanized or plastic coated after bending. Aluminum steps are not
allowed. They shall be solidly set at the time of construction and
shall extend at least four inches into the wall. The steps shall extend
4 1/2 inches inside the wall of the catch basin. The top step
shall be not more than 18 inches below the finished surface and thence
to the base steps shall be no more than 12 inches apart.
G.
Road subgrade.
(1)
After completion of the rough grade and prior to the
laying of the foundation course, the subgrade shall be shaped to line
and grade and thoroughly compacted with an approved self-propelled
roller weighing not less than 10 tons. All hollows and depressions
which develop under rolling shall be filled with acceptable granular
material and again rolled, this process to be continued until no depressions
develop. The subgrade shall not be muddy or otherwise unsatisfactory
when the foundation course is laid upon it.
(2)
Any soft or unstable portions of the subgrade which
develop under the roller shall be completely excavated and removed
from the right-of-way and shall be replaced with acceptable granular
material placed in eight-inch lifts and the area regraded and compacted
as above.
(3)
Geotextile drainage fabric (highway grade) shall be
placed over prepared subgrades where the subbase is wet or undrainable
or when the subbase material contains more than 20% silt/clay soils.
Drainage fabric shall be installed prior to the placement of the foundation
base course and after all utilities have been installed to the satisfaction
of the Town Superintendent of Highways.
H.
Fine grading.
(1)
Before fine grading or construction of curbs and sidewalks
is started, all storm and sanitary sewers and all utilities, including
house connections and hydrants, shall have been installed, and all
fill and backfill shall have been thoroughly compacted to the satisfaction
of the Town Superintendent of Highways.
(2)
Fine grade shall conform to the prescribed width of
pavement and shall extend equidistant from the center line of the
road right-of-way and shall conform to the typical cross sections
of the road pavement and to the approved line and grade.
(3)
On curves having a radius of 300 feet, the pavement
shall be banked at the rate of one inch per foot of width. On curves
having a radius of 3,000 feet, no banking will be required. Intermediate
radius curves shall be banked proportionately. The transition from
banked section to crowned section shall take place on the approaching
tangents at the rate of one inch per 10 feet.
(4)
On curves, the pavement width shall be increased by
one foot for each 1,000 feet or fraction thereof by which the radius
of curvature is less than 5,000 feet.
I.
Foundation course, granular material.
(1)
After the fine grade and all curbs have been constructed
to the satisfaction of the Town Superintendent of Highways, the developer
shall furnish and place a foundation course of approved run-of-bank
gravel, crusher-run stone or crusher-run gravel to the depths as called
for in these specifications. All materials acceptable for these courses
shall be hard, durable and sound and shall be well graded from coarse
to fine. The maximum diameter of the large particles not exceeding 2/3
of the thickness of the compacted foundation course and 90% to 100%
by weight of the particles shall be of such size as will pass through
a two-inch square hole, not more than 70% by weight to pass the No.
40 mesh sieve, and not more than 10% by weight to pass the No. 200
mesh sieve.
(2)
The materials shall be placed on the finished subgrade
by means of mechanical spreaders in three-inch layers and shall be
thoroughly compacted by rolling with a self-propelled ten-ton roller.
Water shall be added to the materials in such amounts as the Town
Superintendent of Highways may consider necessary for proper compaction.
After compaction, the course shall be true to grade and cross sections,
and any depressions shall be eliminated by the use of additional granular
materials, thoroughly rolled in place. In all cases, the foundation
course must be so thoroughly compacted that it will not weave under
the roller, and the total depth after compaction shall not be less
than 12 inches.
(3)
All
foundation material shall comply with NYSDOT specifications (crushed
shale is not permitted). Submit in triplicate to the Town Highway
Superintendent copies of the laboratory reports (gradation, hardness,
modified protector test curve and NYSDOT certification) along with
representative samples of the proposed foundation material to be used
for approval.
[Added 4-18-2012 by L.L. No. 7-2012]
J.
Initial paving.
(1)
The initial paving course shall be required for:
(a)
The surface treatment of all shoulders and ditches
adjacent to paved roadways.
(b)
The armour coat for major roads.
(c)
The temporary pavement of all roads to be dedicated
to the Town in which there is a likelihood that the foundation base
course will be contaminated or disturbed by construction traffic or
when the placement of the asphalt concrete paving courses will not
be made within one month after the foundation base course has been
placed, fine-graded and rolled.
(2)
Procedure. After the foundation course has been inspected
and approved by the Town Superintendent of Highways, the traveled
way and ditches must be paved as follows with latex bituminous material
and crushed stone:
(a)
Properly prepare foundation course by blading
to a true cross section and compact by rolling.
(b)
Apply a uniform application of latex primer
and sealer at the rate of 0.30 gallon per square yard.
(c)
Cover immediately with a uniform layer of one-inch-to-three-fourths-inch
clean, crushed stone at the rate of 70 pounds per square yard.
(d)
Level with a broom drag or other leveling device;
then roll once with a five-to-eight-ton steel-tired roller.
(e)
Apply a uniform application of latex emulsion
at the rate of 0.70 gallon per square yard.
(f)
Cover immediately with a uniform layer of three-eighths-inch
to one-fourth-inch clean, crushed stone at the rate of 20 pounds per
square yard.
(g)
Broom to distribute choke stone evenly and roll
with a five-to-eight-ton steel-tired roller.
(h)
Apply a uniform application of latex emulsion
at the rate of 0.40 gallon per square yard.
(i)
Cover immediately with a uniform layer of three-eighths-inch
to one-fourth-inch crushed stone at the rate of 20 pounds per square
yard.
(j)
Broom to distribute cover stone evenly and roll
to compaction with a five-to-eight-ton steel-tired roller.
K.
Asphaltic concrete surface courses.
(1)
A two-course asphaltic concrete surface, conforming
to current NYSDOT Specifications, shall be placed within two years
following approval of initial paving, but not before completion of
all required improvements within the right-of-way in accordance with
the approved plans and these specifications.
(2)
After initial paving course has been thoroughly cleaned
of all foreign material, an asphaltic concrete binder course shall
be uniformly spread by a self-propelled mechanical spreader with tamping
bars and heating unit in sufficient depth as to provide a finished
compacted thickness after rolling thoroughly with a ten-ton roller
(Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4[5]).
[5]
Editor's Note: Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 are included
at the end of this chapter.
(3)
After the binder course has been completed and thoroughly
cleaned of foreign material, and a tack coat of asphalt emulsion applied
to the surface at the rate of 1/10 to 1/5 gallon per square
yard in the event that the binder course has been subject to traffic
for an extended period of time, a final wearing course of fine asphaltic
concrete shall be uniformly spread by a self-propelled mechanical
spreader equipped with tamping bars and heating unit and in sufficient
depth as to provide the required finished compacted thickness after
rolling thoroughly with a two- or three-wheel tandem roller weighing
approximately 10 tons.
(4)
Extreme care shall be exercised in the placing of
bituminous concrete to ensure that all longitudinal joints shall be
lapped in the placing of adjoining strips and that all lateral joints
are trimmed before continuing with the placing of additional materials
on that strip.
(5)
Submit
in triplicate for approval to the Town Highway Superintendent copies
of laboratory reports and NYSDOT certifications of the asphalt concrete
material and formulation to be used.
[Added 4-18-2012 by L.L. No. 7-2012]
L.
Curbs.
(2)
Where required by the Town Superintendent of Highways,
four-inch heavy-duty underdrains shall be laid in coarse, washed sand
under all curbs as shown on Figure 7. This underdrain shall be so
graded that any water under the curbs will drain to the nearest catch
basin where the underdrain shall be connected as shown on Figure 6.[7]
[7]
Editor's Note: The Figures 6 and 7 are included
at the end of this chapter.
(3)
Concrete curbs shall be constructed in accordance
with the latest edition of the New York State Department of Transportation
Specifications and finished and cured to the satisfaction of the Town
Superintendent of Highways. The developer shall, at his own expense,
replace any curbing damaged before dedication and any curb which proved
defective or is damaged by his operations during the one-year maintenance
period.
(4)
Submit
in triplicate for approval to the Town Highway Superintendent copies
of laboratory reports and NYSDOT certifications of the portland cement
concrete mix, materials and formulation to be used.
[Added 4-18-2012 by L.L. No. 7-2012]
M.
Driveways.
[Amended 1-10-2007 by L.L. No. 2-2007]
(1)
General. All driveways shall be designed, laid out,
constructed and maintained in a manner which will provide safe access
for emergency vehicles under all weather conditions. Driveways as
described under this section are to serve single-family residences
only. Driveways for more than one single-family residence shall be
designed in accordance with the standards for rural roadways as specified
herein and incorporating other standards acceptable to the Planning
Board, the Fire Department and its attorneys.
(2)
Driveway entrances.
(a)
The developer/constructor shall obtain all necessary permits and shall construct all driveway entrances to the satisfaction of the Highway Department and the local Fire Departments. The permit form for driveways to be constructed within the Town is set forth in Appendix A hereto.[8]
[8]
Editor's Note: Appendix A is included at the end of this chapter.
(b)
All necessary driveway entrances within subdivisions
shall be constructed at the time of construction of curbs.
(3)
Residential driveways.
(a)
Width of driveway. The all-weather travelway
shall be at least 12 feet wide.
(b)
Vertical clearance. Trees and branches shall
be pruned to provide at least 15 feet of clearance above the travelway.
(c)
Horizontal clearance. Trees and shrubs shall
be cleared at least 10 feet from both sides of the center line of
the travelway.
(d)
Shoulders. Shoulders shall conform to the following:
[1]
Shoulders along both sides of the travelway
shall be grassed within the bounds of the horizontal clearing area.
[2]
Shoulders within the horizontal clearing area
shall have a cross slope of not more than 6% and not less than 3%.
[3]
Drop-offs along the edge of shoulders shall
not exceed a side slope of one vertical to two horizontal.
(e)
Travelway surface. The travelway shall be an
all-weather surface constructed free of bird-baths and having a cross-slope
of not more than 6% and not less than 2% and shall be comprised (per
NYSDOT Specifications) one of the following:
[1]
Asphalt concrete pavement, 2.5 inches compacted
thickness on an approved well-drained granular foundation base, eight
inches thick.
[2]
Compacted three-quarter-inch blend crushed stone,
four inches minimum thickness on an approved well-drained granular
foundation base, eight inches thick.
[3]
Masonry or cut stone pavers fitted and secured
in place on an approved well-drained granular foundation base, eight
inches thick.
(g)
Horizontal curves. The inside radius of any
horizontal curve shall be no less than 28 feet.
(h)
Turnaround. For all driveways longer than 250
feet, a turnaround having a 7% maximum grade shall be provided within
50 feet of the house, comprised of one of the following:
(i)
Turnouts. A turnout is wide place in the driveway
that will allow another vehicle (or fire engine) to pass.
[1]
For driveways over 900 feet long, a turnout
shall be provided at least every 750 feet or fraction thereof.
[2]
The turnout shall be at least 15 feet wide and
50 feet long, placed along and parallel to the edge of the driveway.
[3]
The maximum grade on a turnout is 5%.
[4]
The cleared area along the shoulder side of
a turnout shall be at least five feet and shall conform to the shoulder
standards herein.
(j)
Intersection.
[1]
The driveway should be as close as possible
to 90° to the intersecting roadway to facilitate turns from both
directions.
[2]
Where driveway approaches are less than 75°,
approvals from the Fire Chief and Zoning Board of Appeals are required.
[3]
Driveways shall not have a grade more than 5%
within 30 feet of the edge of pavement of the intersecting street
or road.
[4]
The sight distance at the driveway shall be
at least 250 feet in both directions along the intersecting road or
street to assure safe egress from the property.
(n)
Maintenance. Driveways shall be maintained year-round,
including the removal of snow. Grassed shoulder areas shall be kept
mowed.
(o)
Bonding. Driveways shall be bonded in accordance
with a fee schedule, the same fee rate as for road construction, as
established by the Town Board to assure that the driveway will be
constructed in accordance with the approved plans.
(p)
Permits. Prior to construction, a detailed site
plan of the property showing all topographic features, including drainage
patterns, house footprint, driveway, culverts, bridges, subsurface
disposal area, locations of all turnarounds and turnouts, complete
with construction details, and erosion and sedimentation control measures,
and other information considered to be essential shall be submitted
along with a driveway permit application.
(q)
Inspections. The Town Highway Department and
Fire Department shall have the right to enter upon the property throughout
the construction phase to inspect the construction of the driveway.
(r)
As-built drawings. An as-built drawing of the
completed driveway shall be submitted prior to issuance of a certificate
of occupancy, certifying to the Town and the Fire Department that
the driveway was constructed per the permitted plans. A New York State
licensed professional engineer, architect, landscape architect or
land surveyor shall make the certification to the Town and Fire Department.
(s)
911 address. The 911 address shall be posted
at the entrance of the driveway, easily visible from the connecting
street or roadway. The numbers shall be at least four inches high,
black on a white background. The construction of the sign shall be
permanent (galvanized steel or approved equal) and visible during
all weather conditions.
(t)
Driveway length marker.
[1]
Any home having a driveway with a length of
more than 700 feet is required to install a driveway length marker
at the entrance of the driveway. The marker will consist of a two-inch-diameter
white PVC-coated steel pipe extending at least four feet above the
ground and shall be clearly visible from the adjoining roadway. The
marker shall have reflective one-inch-wide red bands corresponding
to the length of the actual driveway, as follows:
[2]
The 911 address may be mounted on the driveway
length marker. The driveway length marker shall be maintained by the
homeowner at all times. Any necessary repairs are to be made by the
homeowner.
(4)
Commercial driveways. Commercial driveways shall be
designed in accordance with § 100-113 through § 100-116,
inclusive, and shall be subject to the approval of the Town Highway
Department and the Fire Department.
N.
Sidewalks (Figure 8). Whenever required, the developer
shall construct four-inch-thick reinforced portland cement concrete
sidewalks on both sides of streets as shown on Figures 2, 3, and 4.[9] Concrete shall be Class A per NYSDOT Specifications, one
course, properly screeded and finished to true grade with wooden floats
and shall be cured, all to the satisfaction of the Town Superintendent
of Highways.
[9]
Editor's Note: The Figures 2, 3 and 4 are
included at the end of this chapter.
O.
Intersections.
(2)
Intersections of major roads by other roads shall
be at least 800 feet apart, if possible. Cross (four-cornered) road
intersections shall be avoided insofar as possible, except at important
traffic intersections. A distance of at least 150 feet shall be maintained
between offset intersections. Within 40 feet of an intersection, roads
shall be at approximately right angles, and grades shall be limited
to 1 1/2%. All road intersection corners shall be rounded by
curves of at least 25 feet in radius at the property line.
(3)
Sight easements shall be provided across all corners
at intersections within the triangular area formed by the two intersecting
road lines and a straight line connecting points along said road lines,
each point 75 feet back from the intersection of the road lines. For
the purpose of traffic safety, there shall be a clear line of sight
in either direction across such triangular area between an observer's
eye three feet above the road surface at the nearest edge of the road
and an object one foot above the nearest edge of pavement on the intersecting
road. In the case of roads which must intersect at other than right
angles, the Planning Board and/or the Town Superintendent of Highways
may require that the dimensions of the sight easement be modified
to provide adequate sight distance.
P.
Signs.
(1)
Appropriate highway warning signs shall be erected
on the shoulder and on dead-end streets. Such signs shall conform
to the standards prescribed for the New York State highway system.
(2)
The developer shall furnish and install a four-way
street-name sign at every street intersection made by the streets
he constructs. Signs and posts shall conform to the standards established
by the Town Board. (See Figure 15.[11])
[11]
Editor's Note: Figure 15 is included at the
end of this chapter.
(3)
All
signs located within 12 feet from the edge of pavement of any road
shall have a breakaway feature to allow for easy repair or replacement.
This includes all street and traffic control signs.
[Added 4-18-2012 by L.L. No. 7-2012]
Q.
Monuments.
(1)
Monuments shall be set on all right-of-way lines of
streets at all street intersections, angle points, points of curve
and subdivision corners. There shall be a clear foresight and backsight
to adjacent monuments on the right-of-way line or lines on which a
monument is set.
(2)
Monuments shall be 36 inches long, five inches square
at the top and shall have centered in the top a three-eighths-inch
or one-half-inch drill hole, a three-eighths-inch or one-half-inch
steel rod slightly protruding or some other permanent and satisfactory
center mark. Monuments shall be of cut granite free from imperfections
or of concrete as shown on Figure 14.[12]
[12]
Editor's Note: Figure 14 is included at the
end of this chapter.
(3)
Monuments shall not be set before final grading has
been completed nor shall they be set while frost is in the ground.
They shall be so set and tamped as to prevent settlement or shifting.
(4)
The developer's engineer and/or licensed land surveyor
shall certify that the location of all monuments is accurate before
acceptance of the street by the Town Board.
R.
Easements.
(1)
All drainage easements necessary to drain water from
all roads shall be obtained by the developer. The developer has the
obligation to obtain necessary drainage easements from surrounding
owners or deposit an additional bond or funds sufficient to indemnify
the cost to the Town in acquiring easements and building drainage
facilities outside the project area, if such are necessary and caused
by construction of the road.
(2)
Where permanent drainage easements between building
lots (Figure 16[13]) are granted to the Town, the developer must install drainage
pipe in said easements from the catch basin or ditch line to a point
opposite the rear of the houses on the adjoining lots or for a distance
of at least 100 feet, whichever distance is greater, unless otherwise
specified by the Town Superintendent of Highways or Town Engineer.
Drainage easements must have a minimum width of 20 feet, which shall
be provided for in the approved plan.
[13]
Editor's Note: Figure 16 is included at the
end of this chapter.
(3)
A deed for all required easements as shown on the subdivision and site plans and maps and any other easements to drain water from the road, as required by the Town Superintendent of Highways, must be deposited with the Town's Attorney prior to signing of the subdivision map by the Chairman of the Planning Board or commencement of construction as part of the dedication in § 89-13 above.
S.
Open ditches.
(1)
With the approval of the Town Superintendent of Highways
and Town Engineer, open ditches may be used in lieu of storm drainpipes
when the grade of the land traversed is flat or when it is desirable
to drain and dry up the surrounding area.
(2)
Open ditches shall be constructed in accordance with
Figure 11 of these specifications,[14] but in no case shall the grade of an open ditch exceed
6%. Riprap, when called for, shall consist of fieldstone or rough,
unhewn quarry stones as nearly cubical in form as is practicable,
placed upon a slope not steeper than 1:2 and so laid that the weight
of the large stones is carried by the soil and not by the stone adjacent.
All stones shall weigh 50 to 150 pounds each, and at least 60% of
them shall weigh more than 100 pounds each.
[14]
Editor's Note: Figure 11 is included at the
end of this chapter.
(3)
The largest stones shall be placed first, roughly
arranged and in close contact. The spaces between the larger stones
shall be filled with spalls of suitable size.
(4)
Whenever a drainpipe enters an open ditch, the bottom
and sides of the ditch shall be riprapped for a distance of at least
30 feet beyond the end of the pipe. Headwalls or flared end sections
shall be provided at the end of all drainage pipes. Headwalls shall
be constructed in accordance with Figure 10.[15]
[15]
Editor's Note: Figure 10 is included at the
end of this chapter.
T.
House drains. Roof and cellar drains shall in no case
be allowed to flow onto the street right-of-way. With the approval
of the Town Superintendent of Highways and Town Engineer in writing,
these drains may be piped to the street storm drainpipe to which they
shall be connected on top only with fittings designed for that purpose.
Such drains must be installed prior to the start of fine grading of
the streets.
U.
Culs-de-sac and T-turnarounds.
[Amended 4-18-2012 by L.L. No. 7-2012]
(1)
Wherever a temporary or permanent dead-end is allowed
on a subdivision street, a turnaround shall be constructed. Permanent
turnarounds shall take the form of a circle or a "T" as required by
the Planning Board and the Town Superintendent of Highways and shall
be constructed as shown in Figures 18 and 19A.[16] The temporary type of construction shall be used only
when authorized by the Town Planning Board because of the foreseeable
future extension of the street. The temporary turnaround shall be
completely paved (Figure 19[17]).
(2)
In large subdivisions, where the work is to be constructed
in phases, temporary turnarounds shall be provided at the end of any
dead-end streets. Temporary turnarounds may also be required at the
end of each year's construction season to allow snow plows and other
large vehicles to easily maneuver.
V.
Grades and vertical curves.
(1)
Street shall be so designed that finished tangent
grades will not be less than 0.7% or more than 10% for residential
roads and 8% for other roads.
(2)
Every change in grade shall be effected with a vertical
curve of sufficient length to ensure adequate stopping sight distance
and to provide for smooth transition. These vertical curves shall
be designed in accordance with the graph shown on Figure 12 of these
specifications[18] which is taken from New York State standards for speeds
of 30 miles per hour.
[18]
Editor's Note: Figure 12 is included at the
end of this chapter.
W.
Guide rails. In all fill sections where the difference
in elevation between the point of shoulder and the original ground
surface exceeds four feet, guide rails shall be erected. They shall
conform to New York State Department of Transportation standard specifications
for corrugated beam guide railing type, with steel posts. Approach
and terminal sections shall be buried below ground and anchored in
concrete per New York State Department of Transportation standard
details. Guide rails shall be placed at least 12 inches behind curbs
and shoulders as directed by the Highway Superintendent.
X.
Finished slopes. All slopes, except rock cuts, shall
be covered with four inches of topsoil and shall be seeded, mulched
or otherwise planted to provide a hardy cover and to prevent erosion.
Y.
Additional requirements.
(1)
The entrance to the subdivision shall be completely
finished to approval stage, and a dust-settling material shall be
applied to the gravel surface of the roadway for a distance of 150
feet from the beginning of the new road, within 30 days from the start
of construction.
(2)
Before starting construction in the subdivision, the
applicant shall post a warning sign along the existing road on each
side of the subdivision entrance, at locations each approximately
200 feet from said entrance. Signs shall read CAUTION - TRUCKS ENTERING
and shall conform to standards prescribed for the New York State highway
system.
(3)
The applicant shall assume full responsibility for
any damage to Town property, such as Town roads, which may result
from the construction in and development of the subdivision. The applicant
shall be responsible for the repair or correction of such damages
to the satisfaction of the Town Superintendent of Highways or his
authorized representative.
A.
All projects involving existing Town roads or the
construction of new roads, public or private, shall conform to these
design standards. In general, the proposed drainage system shall be
adequate to prevent any increase in the rate of surface water runoff
or otherwise contribute to downstream flooding during a storm of any
magnitude up to and including a one-hundred-year return frequency.
[Amended 9-19-1990 by L.L. No. 6-1990]
B.
Drainage methods and calculations shall be presented
in a report for review by the Planning Board and the Town Superintendent
of Highways. Drainage methods shall include measures for reducing
quantity or stormwater runoff (detention ponds and subsurface disposal)
or proposals to improve downstream drainage courses and/or structures
that are found to be deficient. If stormwater is being discharged
into receiving watercourses, methods for reducing pollution shall
also be addressed. Calculations of stormwater flows shall be performed
by using the United States Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation
Survey Design Procedures, outlined in Technical Release No. 55, Urban
Hydrology for Small Watersheds, Type III distribution.
[Amended 9-19-1990 by L.L. No. 6-1990]
C.
The drainage system shall be sized to be large enough
to accommodate potential runoff from its entire upstream drainage
area, whether inside or outside the project area. The effects of the
proposed drainage system on the existing downstream drainage facilities
shall also be addressed in the drainage report. On-site drainage systems
shall be designed for the following levels of service.
(1)
Residential areas having one-half-acre or larger lots:
five-year rainfall intensity.
(2)
Residential areas having one-fourth-acre or smaller
lots: ten-year rainfall intensity.
(3)
Commercial and industrial areas: ten-year rainfall
intensity.
(4)
Detention ponds: one-hundred-year rainfall intensity.
D.
In addition to the above, storm drainage systems shall
be designed for any magnitude storm up to and including a one-hundred-year
frequency:
(1)
To cause no drainage toward or flooding of buildings.
[Amended 3-18-1987 by L.L. No. 3-1987]
(2)
To allow surface flows on streets to be kept to reasonable
limits.
(3)
To prevent pollution of receiving ground and surface waters in accordance with current USEPA and NYSDEC regulations and Chapter 55 of the Town of Lloyd Town Code.
[Amended 4-18-2012 by L.L. No. 7-2012]
(4)
To
prevent post-development peak stormwater flows from exceeding pre-development
peak stormwater flows in accordance with USEPA and NYSDEC regulations.
[Added 4-18-2012 by L.L. No. 7-2012]
Whenever a developer is to perform any work
on Town roads, traffic shall be maintained in accordance with the
New York State Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices, in a safe
manner, during work and evening hours until its final completion.
Suitable safeguards, to reduce conditions dangerous to life, limb
and property to a minimum, must be provided by the developer throughout
the construction period and may include flagmen when requested by
the Town Superintendent of Highways.
A.
The developer shall be responsible to conduct any
compaction test as may be required by the Highway Superintendent in
order to assure that all fill areas and trench backfills are properly
compacted within the requirements of these specifications. Copies
of certified compaction test reports shall be submitted to the Town
Superintendent of Highways.
B.
Pressure tests, vacuum tests and other structural
tests of buried utilities within any proposed roadway shall be satisfactorily
performed prior to the placement of the roadway foundation base course.
A.
The Town may employ an engineering inspector or authorize
the Town Highway Superintendent or his authorized representative to
inspect the required improvements during construction to assure their
satisfactory completion, and the Planning Board shall require a certificate
from such official stating that all required improvements have been
satisfactorily completed. The developer shall pay the Town the costs
of inspection before the subdivision plat is signed for filing.
B.
If the engineering inspector or Town Highway Superintendent
or his authorized representative finds, upon inspection, that any
of the required improvements have not been constructed in accordance
with the land development regulations and the approved construction
plans, the developer and the bonding company shall be severally and
jointly liable for completing said improvements according to specifications.
C.
Road inspections.
(1)
In the case of a new road or a change in an existing
road, the work shall be inspected at the completion of each of the
following four stages of construction by the Town Highway Superintendent
or his duly authorized representative:
(a)
Cutting of brush and trees, removal of stumps
and all topsoil moved to roadside and stored; removal of any wet,
unstable soil to any depth required until suitable subsoil (35 pounds
per square inch) remains to form a firm base for a road bed.
(b)
Rough grading and installation of road base
and drainage ditches; culverts, headwalls, catch basins and other
similar elements recommended by the Town Highway Superintendent or
his authorized representative, not to be covered until examined by
the inspector; side bands and shoulders graded as per specifications.
(c)
Satisfactory pavement placed, crowned, rolled
or compressed on the road bed; covering of headwalls and culverts
and finished grading on shoulders and banks; placing of topsoil where
necessary. The Town's inspector may require that test holes be dug
in order to inspect pavement thickness and type.
(d)
Paving, cleaning up of shoulders, seeding of
banks and installation of road signs.
(2)
Road construction and inspection shall be conducted
in multiples of 1,000 feet of road length. In certain instances, based
on the dimensions of the subdivision plat, the Planning Board may
permit road construction and inspection for distances less or greater
than 1,000 feet.
D.
In order that these inspections may be made at the
completion of each stage of construction, as specified above, the
applicant shall notify the engineering inspector of the times when
required inspections may be made. In general, inspections shall be
made within two days following the date of notification, excluding
holidays and weekends. No work shall proceed on the subsequent construction
stage until the prior stage has been completed to the satisfaction
of the Town's inspector. Any violation of this procedure may result
in a complete stoppage of all construction.
E.
In order to facilitate the inspection procedure, all
roads shall be staked during construction at each side of the road
right-of-way, at intervals of approximately 50 feet, except where
a shorter distance is required on curves, and each stake shall be
marked with the appropriate station number consistent with the corresponding
station number shown on the construction plans.
F.
Written certification shall be made to the Planning
Board by the Town's inspector at the completion of the above-mentioned
successive stages of work, stating the date of each inspection and
the fact that the work, when inspected, was in accordance with the
approved plans and specifications. A copy of each of the notices of
certification shall also be transmitted to the Town Highway Superintendent.
A.
Upon completion of all improvements, the developer
shall notify the Town's authorized inspector and request a final inspection.
Such request shall be accompanied by one of the following:
B.
Either set of plans and plat shall show the actual
location of the required improvements as constructed. Specifically,
such plan and plat shall show:
(1)
The center line of the right-of-way.
(2)
The center line and edges of the traveled way at one-hundred-foot
intervals and at points of curvature and tangency.
(3)
Profiles of the finished surface of the traveled way
at fifty-foot intervals along the center line.
(4)
The locations of all catch basins and headwalls, by
the plus and offset method, and the elevations of the top, the pipe
invert and the sump invert.
(5)
The locations of all culvert pipes, with length, diameter
and material.
(6)
The locations of spilloffs.
(7)
The locations of paved gutters by plus stations.
(8)
The center line and the edges of the traveled way
at a turnabout, the location of the center of the turnaround and the
elevation of the outer edges of the turnaround at each side and at
the farthest end.
(9)
The locations of edges of pavement returns at road
intersections.
(10)
The locations of all utilities furnished either
by the developer or by others.
(11)
The grades of all slopes along the road.
(12)
The amount of road crown by gutter and center
line grades.
(13)
The locations of all monuments.
(14)
The locations of drainage easements.
C.
Such plan and plat shall bear a dated certification
by a licensed surveyor or professional engineer to the effect that
the data shown thereon was accurately determined by field survey.
The Town's inspector shall make his inspection and submit his report
thereon to the Planning Board and Zoning Inspector. He shall include
the modified plans with his comments.
All private roadways of any kind are to be properly
signed and named in accordance with all Town and 911 requirements.
Such roads shall be signed as a "Private Road."
[Added 4-18-2012 by L.L. No. 7-2012[1]]
A.
Description. Street opening permits are necessary any time an excavation
is made in a street right-of-way. Excavations in street pavements
and sidewalks require a street opening permit. A permit may be necessary
from the New York State Department of Transportation or the Ulster
County Department of Public Works Office if the roadway is under their
jurisdiction.
B.
Application. Street opening permits are issued by the Town of Lloyd
Highway Department for all Town roads.
C.
Requirements.
(1)
A street opening permit for a Town road can only be issued to a person,
firm or corporation that has on file with the Town a street opening
bond of $5,000 and has paid the street opening permit fee at the Town
Building Department. The street opening permit fee per opening is
to be set by the Town Board by resolution.
(2)
The permit holder is responsible for the restoration and maintenance
of the street opening.
(3)
The permit holder is responsible for the placement and maintenance
of the necessary traffic signs and barricades throughout the construction
period.
(4)
The permit holder is responsible for contacting the Underground Facilities
Protective Organization at 1-800-962-7962 (Dig Safely New York) at
least two full working days before digging for the marking of utility
locations and for confirming that all utilities have responded in
a satisfactory manner.
(5)
The permit holder shall be responsible for the continued maintenance
of the finished street opening, if settlement should occur. Approved
crushed stone aggregate backfill is required on all street openings.
The type of pavement replacement shall match the existing pavement
in thickness and composition. Final paving operations shall be made
within 48 hours after completion of all backfill operations and to
the satisfaction of the Town Superintendent of Highways.
D.
New pavement. A street opening permit will be denied to anyone requesting
to open pavement less than five years old unless there is an emergency
or the opening is approved by the Town Board.
[Added 4-18-2012 by L.L. No. 7-2012[1]]
All mailboxes placed within the right-of-way of Town roads shall
be located in accordance with Figure 21 of these specifications and
in accordance with the U.S. postal regulations.[2]
[Added 4-18-2012 by L.L. No. 7-2012[1]]
In addition to the aforementioned construction materials, shop
drawings and product data are to be submitted in triplicate for approval
to the Town Highway Superintendent, together with ASTM, AWWA and AASHTO
designations on the following:
[Amended 9-19-1990 by L.L. No. 6-1990]
In general, the purpose of these road specifications
is to provide guidance in the design and construction of safe new
roadways or the improvement of existing roadways, all in accordance
with generally recognized standard highway engineering and design
principles. If an applicant wishes to propose alternative highway
design, said applicant shall provide, with the application, properly
prepared plans with calculations and references to generally recognized
highway engineering and design standards, in which said design shall
be certified by a New York State licensed professional engineer. Final
decisions as to the interpretation or variance of any part of these
street specifications shall rest with the Town Superintendent of Highways.
Administration and enforcement shall be regulated by Article IX of Chapter 100, Zoning, as applicable, and enforced by the Town's Codes Enforcement Officer. In addition to receiving approval for the completed work from the Zoning Inspector, approvals from the Town of Lloyd Highway Department and the local Fire Department are also required.
In the event that any part or parts of these
road specifications or of any ordinance or regulations which may govern
or otherwise affect them is, for any reason, modified or invalidated,
the other portions of said specifications not affected thereby shall
remain in full force and effect.
