This article shall be titled "Increased Penalty
for Gang-Related Crimes."
The Menominee Tribal Legislature is empowered
by the Menominee Constitution and Bylaws to enact ordinances for the
immediate preservation of health, welfare, peace, and safety.
The Tribal Legislature has determined that criminal
gang activity on the Menominee Indian Reservation has increased to
a level that immediately threatens the health, welfare and safety
of the Menominee Indian Reservation and its residents. This article
is necessary to help curtail gang-related offenses.
As used in this article, the following terms
shall have the meanings indicated:
CRIMINAL GANG
An ongoing organization, association or group of three or
more persons, whether formal or informal, that has as one of its primary
activities the commission of one or more of the criminal acts, or
acts that would be criminal if the actor were an adult; that has a
common name or a common identifying sign or symbol; and whose members
individually or collectively engage in or have engaged in a pattern
of criminal gang activity.
CRIMINAL GANG ACTIVITY
The commission of, attempt to commit or solicitation to commit
one or more of the following crimes, or acts that would be crimes
if the actor were an adult, committed for the benefit of, at the direction
of or in association with any criminal gang, with the specific intent
to promote, further or assist in any criminal conduct by criminal
gang members:
A.
Manufacture or delivery of a controlled substance, as prohibited by Chapter
306, Article
I of this Code.
B.
Battery or assault, as prohibited by Article
I of this chapter.
C.
Battery, special circumstances, as prohibited by Article
III of this chapter.
D.
Disorderly conduct, as prohibited by Chapter
120, Judiciary and Law and Order Code.
E.
Abuse or sexual assault of a child, as prohibited by Chapter
368, Articles
X and
XI, of this Code.
F.
False arrest, as prohibited by Chapter
120, Judiciary and Law and Order Code.
G.
Abduction, as prohibited by Chapter
120, Judiciary and Law and Order Code.
H.
Malicious mischief, as prohibited by Chapter
120, Judiciary and Law and Order Code.
I.
Breaking and entering as prohibited by Article
II of this chapter.
J.
Theft, as prohibited by Chapter
120, Judiciary and Law and Order Code.
K.
Concealed weapons, as prohibited by Chapter
120, Judiciary and Law and Order Code.
L.
Receiving stolen property, as prohibited by Chapter
120, Judiciary and Law and Order Code.
M.
Extortion, as prohibited by Chapter
120, Judiciary and Law and Order Code.
N.
Cruelty to animals, as prohibited by Chapter
120, Judiciary and Law and Order Code.
O.
Trespass, as prohibited by Chapter
523, Article
I, of this Code.
P.
Injury to public property, as prohibited by Chapter
120, Judiciary and Law and Order Code.
Q.
Resisting or obstructing an officer, as prohibited by Article
XII of this chapter.
R.
Any other crime against a person or property.
CRIMINAL GANG MEMBER
Any person who participates in criminal gang activity, as
defined in this article, with a criminal gang.
PATTERN OF CRIMINAL GANG ACTIVITY
The commission of, attempt to commit or solicitation to commit
two or more of the crimes enumerated above, or acts that would be
crimes if the actor were an adult, where at least one of those acts
or crimes occurs after the effective date of this article, the last
of those acts or crimes occurred within three years after a prior
act or crime, and the acts or crimes are committed, attempted or solicited
on separate occasions or by two or more persons.
If a person is convicted of any of the above-enumerated
offenses pursuant to Menominee tribal law for the benefit of, at the
direction of or in association with any criminal gang, with the specific
intent to promote, further or assist in any criminal conduct by criminal
gang members, the penalties for the underlying crime are increased
as provided below:
A. The maximum jail term for the tribal crime may be
increased up to the maximum level allowed by the Indian Civil Rights
Act (25 U.S.C. § 1301 et seq.)
B. In determining the amount of penalty enhancement,
the Court shall consider the seriousness of the offense, the harm
to the victim or victims, prior criminal history of the offender,
remorse of the offender, age of the offender and other aggravating
or mitigating factors.
C. The penalty of banishment from the Menominee Indian
Reservation may be imposed.
The Menominee Tribal Court shall direct a special
verdict as to whether the underlying crime was committed for the benefit
of, at the direction of or in association with any criminal gang,
with the specific intent to promote, further or assist in any criminal
conduct by criminal gang members.