For the purpose of this part, certain terms and words used herein
shall be interpreted as follows:
A.
Words used in the present tense include the future tense; the singular
number includes the plural, and the plural number includes the singular;
words of masculine gender include feminine gender; and words of feminine
gender include masculine gender.
B.
The word "includes" or "including" shall not limit the term to the
specific example but is intended to extend its meaning to all other
instances of like kind and character.
C.
The words "shall" and "must" are mandatory; the words "may" and "should"
are permissive.
D.
The words "used or occupied" include the words "intended, designed,
maintained, or arranged to be used or occupied."
As used in this part, the following terms shall have the meanings
indicated:
The removal of the surface of land through the combined action
of human activities and natural processes, at a rate greater than
would occur because of the natural process alone.
The work of producing crops and raising livestock including
tillage, plowing, disking, harrowing, pasturing and installation of
conservation measures. Construction of new buildings or impervious
area is not considered an agricultural activity.
As applied to land, a change in topography as a result of
the moving of soil and rock from one location or position to another;
also the changing of surface conditions by causing the surface to
be more or less impervious; land disturbance.
A landowner or developer who has filed an application for
approval to engage in any regulated activities as defined in this
part.
An equation relating the conservation of energy for fluids
assuming there are no changes in thermal energy, the fluid is incompressible,
and there is no fluid friction. The equation states that the total
energy (sum of pressure, kinetic, and potential energies) of a fluid
flowing in a pipe is constant without friction losses.
Activities, facilities, measures or procedures used to manage stormwater quantity and quality impacts from the regulated activities listed in § 148-40, to meet state water quality requirements, to promote groundwater recharge and to otherwise meet the purposes of this part.
Documentation, included as part of a drainage plan, detailing
the proposed BMPs, how they will be operated and maintained and who
will be responsible.
Densely vegetated, depressed features that store stormwater
and filter it through vegetation, mulch, planting soil, etc. Ultimately,
stormwater is evapotranspirated, infiltrated, or discharged. Optimal
bioretention areas mimic natural forest ecosystems in terms of species
diversity, density, distribution, use of native plants, etc.
A zone of variable width located along a stream, watercourses,
wetland, pond, or other surface water of the commonwealth that is
vegetated and is utilized or designed to filter pollutants from runoff.
Stormwater management techniques such as cisterns and rain
barrels which direct runoff into storage devices, surface or subsurface,
for later reuse, such as for irrigation of gardens and other planted
areas. Because this stormwater is utilized and no pollutant discharge
results, water quality performance is superior to other noninfiltration
BMPs.
The widening, deepening, and headward cutting of small channels
and waterways, due to erosion caused by moderate to large floods.
An underground reservoir or tank for storing rainwater.
A distinctive bowl-shaped depression in land surface. It
is characterized by internal drainage, varying magnitude, and an unbroken
ground surface.
The Carbon County Conservation District.
Constructed wetlands are similar to wet detention ponds and
consist of a basin which provides for necessary stormwater storage
as well as a permanent pool or water level, planted with wetland vegetation.
To be successful, constructed wetlands must have adequate natural
hydrology (both runoff inputs as well as soils and water table which
allow for maintenance of a permanent pool of water). In these cases,
the permanent pool must be designed carefully, usually with shallow
edge benches, so that water levels are appropriate to support carefully
selected wetland vegetation.
A pipe, conduit or similar structure including appurtenant
works which carries surface water.
An artificial barrier, together with its appurtenant works,
constructed for the purpose of impounding or storing water or another
fluid or semifluid or a refuse bank, fill or structure for highway,
railroad or other purposes which does or may impound water or another
fluid or semifluid.
The Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (formerly
the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources).
The depth and time distribution of precipitation from a storm
event measured in probability of occurrence (e.g., fifty-year storm)
and duration (e.g., twenty-four-hour), and used in computing stormwater
management control systems.
The agent of the Kidder Township Board of Supervisors and/or
agent of the governing body involved with the administration, review
or enforcement of any provisions of this part by contract or memorandum
of understanding.
A basin designed to retard stormwater runoff by temporarily
storing the runoff and releasing it at a predetermined rate.
A person, partnership, association, corporation or other
entity, or any responsible person therein or agent thereof, that undertakes
any regulated activity of this part.
The specific tract of land for which a regulated activity
is proposed.
See "sheet flow."
A stormwater management facility designed to transmit stormwater
runoff and include streams, channels, swales, pipes, conduits, culverts,
storm sewers, etc.
A right granted by a landowner to a grantee, allowing the
use of private land for stormwater management purposes.
A permit issued by the Kidder Township governing body after
a drainage plan has been approved. Said permit shall be issued prior
to any activity governed by this part.
The documentation of the proposed stormwater quantity and quality management controls (including a BMP Operations and Maintenance Plan) to be used for a given site development, the contents of which are established in § 148-61.
A construction or other human activity which disturbs the
surface of the land, including, but not limited to, clearing and grubbing,
grading, excavations, embankments, road maintenance, building construction
and moving, depositing, stockpiling or storing of soil, rock or earth
materials.
The removal of soil particles by the action of water, wind,
ice, or other geological agents.
A plan which is designed to minimize accelerated erosion
and sedimentation.
The initial condition of a project site prior to the proposed
construction. If the initial condition of the site is undeveloped
land, the land use shall be considered as a "meadow" unless the natural
land cover is proven to generate lower curve numbers or Rational "C"
value, such as forested lands.
Man-made deposits of natural soils or rock products and waste
materials.
See "vegetated buffers."
A general but temporary condition of partial or complete
inundation of normally dry land areas from the overflow of streams,
rivers, and other waters of this commonwealth.
Any land area susceptible to inundation by water from any
natural source or delineated by applicable Department of Housing and
Urban Development, Federal Insurance Administration Flood Hazard Boundary,
mapped as being special flood hazard area. Also included are areas
that comprise Group 13 Soils, as listed in Appendix A of the Pennsylvania
Department of Environmental Protection (PaDEP) Technical Manual for
Sewage Enforcement Officers (as amended or replaced from time to time
by PaDEP).
The channel of the watercourse and those portions of the
adjoining floodplains which are reasonably required to carry and discharge
the one-hundred-year frequency flood. Unless otherwise specified,
the boundary of the floodway is as indicated on maps and flood insurance
studies provided by FEMA. In the area where no FEMA maps or studies
have defined the boundary of the one-hundred-year frequency floodway,
it is assumed, absent evidence to the contrary, that the floodway
extends from the stream to 50 feet from the top of the bank of the
stream.
Planning and activities necessary for the management of forest
land. These include timber inventory and preparation of forest management
plans, silvicultural treatment, cutting budgets, logging road design
and construction, timber harvesting, site preparation and reforestation.
The incremental depth in a stormwater management structure,
provided as a safety factor of design, above that required to convey
the design runoff event.
A slope, usually of a road, channel or natural ground specified
in percent and shown on plans as specified herein.
A natural or constructed waterway, usually broad and shallow,
covered with erosion-resistant grasses, used to conduct surface water
from cropland.
Replenishment of existing natural underground water supplies.
A written request for a waiver alleging that the provisions
of this part inflict unnecessary hardship upon the applicant. A hardship
waiver does not apply to and is not available from the water quality
provisions of this part and should not be granted.
A land use or activity that generates higher concentrations of hydrocarbons, trace metals or other toxic substances than typically found in stormwater runoff. These are listed in § 148-49K.
Soils are classified into four HSGs (A, B, C and D) to indicate
the minimum infiltration rates, which are obtained for bare soil after
prolonged wetting. The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS)
of the U.S. Department of Agriculture defines the four groups and
provides a list of most of the soils in the United States and their
group classification. The soils in the area of the development site
may be identified from a soil survey report, that can be obtained
from local NRCS offices or conservation district offices. Soils become
less permeable as the HSG varies from A to D.
A surface which prevents the percolation of water into the
ground.
A retention or detention basin designed to retain stormwater
runoff and release it in a controlled rate.
A practice designed to direct runoff into the ground, e.g.,
french drain, seepage pit, seepage trench or bioretention area.
A surface connection to a closed drain. A structure at the
diversion end of a conduit. The upstream end of any structure through
which water may flow.
The improvement of one lot or two or more contiguous lots, tracts
or parcels of land for any purpose involving:
A group of two or more residential or nonresidential buildings,
whether proposed initially or cumulatively, or a single nonresidential
building on a lot or lots, regardless of the number of occupants or
tenure; or
The division or allocation of land or space, whether initially
or cumulatively, between or among two or more existing or prospective
occupants by means of, or for the purpose of streets, common areas,
leaseholds, condominiums, building groups or other features.
Subdivision of land.
Any natural channel or man-made conveyance system which has
the purpose of transporting runoff from the site to the main stem.
A development approach that promotes practices that will
minimize postdevelopment runoff rates and volumes thereby minimizing
needs for artificial conveyance and storage facilities. Site design
practices include preserving natural drainage features, minimizing
impervious surface area, reducing the hydraulic connectivity of impervious
surfaces, and protecting natural depression storage.
Any stream segment or other conveyance used as a reach in
hydrologic modeling.
A method for calculation of velocity of flow (e.g., feet
per second) and flow rate (e.g., cubic feet per second) in open channels
based upon channel shape, roughness, depth of flow and slope. "Open
channels" may include closed conduits so long as the flow is not under
pressure.
A stormwater design manual written by the Maryland Department
of the Environment and the Center for Watershed Protection. As of
January 2004, the Manual can be obtained through the following Web
site: www.mde.state.md.us.
A site design practice in which careful limits are placed
on site clearance prior to development allowing for maximum retention
of existing vegetation (woodlands and other), minimum disturbance
and compaction of existing soil mantle and minimum site application
of chemicals postdevelopment. Typically, MD/MM includes disturbance
setback criteria from buildings as well as related site improvements
such as walkways, driveways, roadways, and other improvements. These
criteria may vary by community context as well as by type of development
being proposed. Additionally, MD/MM also shall include provisions
(e.g., deed restrictions, conservation easements) to protect these
areas from future disturbance and from application of fertilizers,
pesticides, and herbicides.
Kidder Township, Carbon County, Pennsylvania.
The option of using a less restrictive runoff quantity control
if it can be shown that adequate and safe runoff conveyance exists
and that the less restrictive control would not adversely affect health,
safety and property.
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System.
Natural Resource Conservation Service, U.S. Department of
Agriculture (formerly the Soil Conservation Service).
A structural mechanism designed to remove free oil and grease
(and possibly solids) from stormwater runoff.
"Point source" as described in 40 CFR 122.2 at the point
where a stormwater management system discharges to surface waters
of the commonwealth.
Involves the use of impervious parking areas as temporary
impoundments with controlled release rates during rainstorms.
The maximum rate of flow of stormwater runoff at a given
location and time resulting from a specified storm event.
The computer-based hydrologic modeling technique used in
previous Act 167 Plans. PSRM was also updated to include water quality
modeling capabilities and renamed PSRM-QUAL.
An individual, partnership, public or private association
or corporation, firm, trust, estate, municipality, governmental unit,
public utility or any other legal entity whatsoever which is recognized
by law as the subject of rights and duties.
A culvert, closed conduit, or structure (including appurtenances)
that conveys stormwater.
The Kidder Township Planning Commission.
Any discernible, confined and discrete conveyance, including,
but not limited to, any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel or conduit from
which stormwater is or may be discharged, as defined in state regulations
at 25 Pa. Code § 92.1.
The determination of the depth to bedrock, the depth to the
seasonal high water table and the soil permeability for a possible
infiltration location on a site through the use of published data
and on-site surveys. In carbonate bedrock areas, the location of special
geologic features must also be determined along with the associated
buffer distance to the possible infiltration area.
A person who owns or operates a public water system.
A system which provides water to the public for human consumption
which has at least 15 service connections or regularly serves an average
of at least 25 individuals daily at least 60 days out of the year.
(See 25 Pa. Code Chapter 109.)
A licensed professional geologist or a licensed professional
engineer who has a background or expertise in geology or hydrogeology.
A method of peak runoff calculation using a standardized
runoff coefficient (rational "c"), acreage of tract and rainfall intensity
determined by return period and by the time necessary for the entire
tract to contribute runoff. The rational method formula is stated
as follows: Q=ciA, where "Q" is the calculated peak flow rate in cubic
feet per second, "c" is the dimensionless runoff coefficient, "i"
is the rainfall intensity in inches per hour, and "A" is the area
of the tract in acres.
Any of the natural or man-made runoff conveyance channels
used for watershed runoff modeling purposes to connect the subareas
and transport flows downstream.
Actions or proposed actions which impact upon proper management of stormwater runoff and which are governed by this part as specified in § 148-40.
Earth disturbance activity other than agricultural plowing
or tilling of one acre or more with a point source discharge to surface
waters or to the Kidder Township's storm sewer system or earth
disturbance activity of five acres of more regardless of the planned
runoff. This includes earth disturbance on any portion of, part or
during any stage of a larger common plan of development.
The percentage of predevelopment peak rate of runoff for
a development site to which the postdevelopment peak rate of runoff
must be controlled to avoid peak flow increases throughout the watershed.
An impoundment in which stormwater is stored and not released
during the storm event. Stored water may be released from the basin
at some time after the end of the storm.
The average interval in years over which an event of a given
magnitude can be expected to recur. For example, the twenty-five-year
return period rainfall or runoff event would be expected to recur
on the average once every 25 years.
Earth disturbance activities within the existing road cross-section
such as grading and repairing existing unpaved road surfaces, cutting
road banks, cleaning or clearing drainage ditches and other similar
activities.
Temporary ponding and gradual release of stormwater falling
directly onto flat roof surfaces by incorporating controlled-flow
roof drains into building designs.
The part of precipitation which flows over the land.
A chamber which provides storage below the outlet in a storm
inlet to collect sediment, debris and associated pollutants, typically
requiring periodic cleanout.
An area of excavated earth filled with loose stone or similar
material and into which surface water is directed for infiltration
into the ground.
A conveyance or system of conveyances (including roads with
drainage systems, municipal streets, catch basins, curbs, gutters,
ditches, man-made channels or storm drains) primarily used for collecting
and conveying stormwater runoff.
Stormwater runoff flowing in a thin layer over the ground
surface.
A method of runoff computation developed by NRCS which is
based upon relating soil type and land use/cover to a runoff parameter
called a "curve number."
A program that identifies procedures for preventing and,
as needed, cleaning up potential spills and makes such procedures
known and the necessary equipment available to appropriate personnel.
A depression in the embankment of a pond or basin which is
used to pass a peak discharge greater than the maximum design storm
controlled by the pond.
A method of computing the water surface profile in gradually
varied flows using an iterative process that applies Bernoulli's
Energy Equation. The friction loss in pipe sections is calculated
using Manning's Equation to determine the velocity to be used
in Bernoulli's Energy Equation.
As defined under Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (State) regulations: protection of designated and existing uses (See 25 Pa. Code Chapters 93 and 96), including:
Each stream segment in Pennsylvania has a "designated use," such as "cold water fishes" or "potable water supply," which are listed in Chapter 93. These uses must be protected and maintained, under State regulations.
"Existing uses" are those attained as of November 1975, regardless whether they have been designated in Chapter 93. Regulated earth disturbance activities must be designed to protect and maintain existing uses and maintain the level of water quality necessary to protect those uses in all streams, and to protect and maintain water quality in special protection streams.
Water quality involves the chemical, biological and physical
characteristics of surface water bodies. After regulated earth disturbance
activities are complete, these characteristics can be impacted by
addition of pollutants such as sediment, and changes in habitat through
increased flow volumes and/or rates as a result of changes in land
surface area from those activities. Therefore, permanent discharges
to surface waters must be managed to protect the stream bank, streambed
and structural integrity of the waterway to prevent these impacts.
A method of routing or moving an inflow hydrograph through
a reservoir or detention structure. The method solves the mass conservation
equation to determine an outflow hydrograph as it leaves the storage
facility.
Areas which lack adequate stormwater collection and/or conveyance
facilities and which prevent a hazard to persons or property as identified
by Kidder Township or Kidder Township's Engineer.
A system of pipes or other conduits which carries intercepted
surface runoff, street water and other wash waters, or drainage, but
excludes domestic sewage and industrial wastes.
The surface runoff generated by precipitation reaching the
groundwater.
Any number of structural mechanisms such as multi-chamber
catch basins, sand/peat filters, sand filters, and so forth which
are installed to intercept stormwater flow and remove pollutants prior
to discharge. Typically, these systems require periodic maintenance
and cleanout.
The plan for managing stormwater runoff.
A watercourse.
The smallest unit of watershed breakdown for hydrologic modeling
purposes for which the runoff control criteria have been established
in the Stormwater Management Plan.
The division or redivision of a lot, tract or parcel of land
by any means into two or more lots, tracts, parcels or other divisions
of land including changes in existing lot lines for the purpose, whether
immediate or future, of lease, partition by the court for distribution
to heirs or devisees, transfer of ownership or building or lot ownership.
Any and all rivers, streams, creeks, rivulets, impoundments,
ditches, watercourses, storm sewers, lakes, dammed waters, wetlands,
ponds, channels of conveyance that have defined beds and banks, springs
and all other bodies or channels of conveyance of surface water, or
parts thereof, whether natural or artificial, within or on the boundaries
of the commonwealth.
A low-lying stretch of land which gathers or carries surface
water runoff. See also "vegetated swales."
See "forest management."
The time for surface runoff to travel from the hydraulically
most distant point of the watershed to a point of interest within
the watershed. This time is the combined total of overland flow time
and flow time in pipes or channels, if any.
Racks, screens or other similar devices installed in a storm
drainage system to capture coarse pollutants (trash, leaves, etc.).
Gently sloping areas that convey stormwater as sheet flow
over a broad, densely vegetated earthen area, possibly coupled with
the use of level spreading devices. Vegetated buffers should be situated
on minimally disturbed soils, have low-flow velocities and extended
residence times.
Vegetated systems installed on roofs that generally consist
of a waterproof layer, a root barrier, drainage layer (optional),
growth media, and suitable vegetation. Vegetated roofs store and eventually
evapotranspirate the collected rooftop rainfall; overflows may be
provided for larger storms.
Vegetated earthen channels designed to convey stormwater. These
swales are not considered to be water quality BMPs;
Broad, shallow, densely vegetated, earthen channels designed
to treat stormwater while slowly infiltrating, evapotranspirating,
and conveying it. Swales should be gently sloping with low flow velocities
to prevent erosion. Check dams may be added to enhance performance.
Any number of commercially available devices that are inserted
into storm inlets to capture sediment, oil, grease, metals, trash,
debris, etc.
Any channel of conveyance of surface water having defined
bed and banks, whether natural or artificial, with perennial or intermittent
flow.
Any and all rivers, streams, creeks, rivulets, ditches, watercourses,
storm sewers, lakes, dammed water, wetlands, ponds, springs, and all
other bodies or channels of conveyance of surface and underground
water, or parts thereof, whether natural or artificial, within or
on the boundaries of this commonwealth.
The entire region or area drained by a river or other body
of water, whether natural or artificial.
A basin that provides for necessary stormwater storage as
well as a permanent pool of water. To be successful, wet ponds must
have adequate natural hydrology (both runoff inputs as well as soils
and water table which allow for maintenance of a permanent pool of
water) and must be able to support a healthy aquatic community so
as to avoid creation of mosquito and other health and nuisance problems.
Those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or
ground water at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and
that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation
typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions, including
swamps, marshes, bogs, ferns and similar areas.
