[Adopted 12-16-2010 by L.L. No. 2-2011]
The Town of Stillwater Highway Superintendent/Water Commissioner
shall be responsible for the protection of the public potable water
distribution system from contamination or pollution due to the backflow
of contaminants or pollutants through the water service connection.
If, in the judgment of the Highway Superintendent/Water Commissioner,
an approved backflow-prevention assembly is required (at the customer's
water service connection or within the customer's private water
system) for the safety of the water system, the Highway Superintendent/Water
Commissioner shall give notice in writing to said customer to install
such an approved backflow-prevention assembly(ies) at specific location(s)
on his/her premises. The customer shall immediately install such approved
assembly(ies) at his/her own expense, and failure, refusal, or inability
on the part of the customer to install, have tested, and maintain
said assembly(ies) shall constitute grounds for discontinuing water
service to the premises until such requirements have been satisfactorily
met.
As used in this article, the following terms shall have the
meanings indicated:
APPROVED
Accepted by the Town of Stillwater as meeting an applicable
specification stated or cited in this article as suitable for the
proposed use.
AUXILIARY WATER SUPPLY
Any water supply on or available to the Town of Stillwater
other than the purveyor's approved public water supply. These
auxiliary waters may include waters from another purveyor's public
potable water supply or any natural source(s), such as a well, spring,
river, stream, harbor and so forth; used waters; or industrial fluids.
These waters may be contaminated or polluted, or they may be objectionable
and constitute an unacceptable water source over which the water purveyor
does not have sanitary control.
BACKFLOW
The undesirable reversal of flow in a potable water distribution
system as a result of cross-connection.
BACKFLOW PREVENTER
An assembly or means designed to prevent backflow.
A.
AIR GAPThe unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere between the lowest opening from any pipe or faucet conveying water or waste to a tank, plumbing fixture, receptor, or other assembly and the flood-level rim of the receptacle. These vertical, physical separations must be at least twice the diameter of the water supply outlet, never less than one inch (25 mm).
B.
DOUBLE-CHECK VALVE ASSEMBLYThe approved double-check valve assembly consists of two internally loaded check valves, either spring loaded or internally weighted, installed as a unit between two tight-closing resilient-seated shutoff valves and fittings with properly located resilient-seated test clocks. This assembly shall only be used to protect against a nonhealth hazard (that is, a pollutant).
C.
REDUCED-PRESSURE BACKFLOW-PREVENTION ASSEMBLYThe approved reduced-pressure-principle backflow-prevention assembly consists of two independently acting approved check valves, together with a hydraulically operating, mechanically independent pressure differential relief valve located between the check valves and below the first check valve. These units are located between two tightly closing resilient-seated shutoff valves as an assembly and equipped with properly located resilient-seated test clocks.
BACKPRESSURE
A pressure, higher than the supply pressure, caused by a
pump, elevated tank, boiler, or any other means that cause backflow.
BACKSIPHONAGE
Backflow caused by negative or reduced pressure in the supply
piping.
CONTAMINATION
An impairment of a potable water supply by the introduction
or admission of any foreign substance that degrades the quality and
creates a health hazard.
CROSS-CONNECTION
A connection or potential connection between any part of
a potable water system and any other environment containing other
substances in a manner that, under any circumstances, would allow
such substances to enter the potable water system. Other substances
may be gases, liquid or solids, such as chemicals, waste products,
steam, water from other sources (potable or nonpotable), or any matter
that may change the color or add odor to the water.
CROSS-CONNECTION CONTROL BY CONTAMINANT
The installation of an approved backflow-prevention assembly
at the water service connection to any customer's premises, where
it is physically and economically unfeasible to find and permanently
eliminate or control all actual or potential cross-connections within
the customer's water system; or the installation of an approved
backflow-prevention assembly on the service line leading to and supplying
a portion of a customer's water system where there are actual
or potential cross-connections that cannot be effectively eliminated
or controlled at the point of the cross-connection.
CROSS-CONNECTION, CONTROLLED
A connection between a potable water system and a nonpotable
water system with an approved backflow-prevention assembly properly
installed and maintained so that it will continuously afford the protection
commensurate with the degree of hazard.
HAZARD, DEGREE OF
The term is derived from an evaluation of the potential risk
to public health and the adverse effect of the hazard upon the potable
water system.
A.
HAZARD, HEALTHA cross-connection or potential cross-connection involving any substance that could, if introduced into the potable water supply, cause death or illness, spread disease, or have a high probability of causing such effects.
B.
HAZARD, NONHEALTHA cross-connection or potential cross-connection involving any substance that generally would not be a health hazard but would constitute a nuisance or be aesthetically objectionable if introduced into the potable water supply.
C.
HAZARD, PLUMBINGA plumbing-type cross-connection in a consumer's potable water system that has not been properly protected by an approved air gap or an approved backflow-prevention assembly.
D.
HAZARD, SYSTEMAn actual or potential threat of severe damage to the physical properties of the public potable water system or the consumer's potable water system or of a pollution or contamination that would have a protracted effect on the quality of the potable water in the system.
INDUSTRIAL FLUIDS SYSTEM
Any system containing a fluid or solution that may be chemically,
biologically, or otherwise contaminated or polluted in a form or concentration
such as would constitute a health, system, pollution, or plumbing
hazard if introduced into an approved water supply. This may include,
but not be limited to, polluted or contaminated waters; all types
of process waters and used waters originating from the public potable
water system that may have deteriorated in sanitary quality; chemicals
in fluid form; plating acids and alkalies; circulating cooling waters
connected to an open cooling tower and/or cooling towers that are
chemically and biologically treated or stabilized with toxic substances;
contaminated natural waters, such as wells, springs, streams, rivers,
bays, harbors, seas, irrigation canals or systems and so forth; oils,
gasses, glycerin, paraffins, caustic and acid solutions; and other
liquid and gaseous fluids used in industrial or other processes or
for fire-fighting purposes.
POLLUTION
The presence of any foreign substance in water that tends
to degrade its quality so as to constitute a nonhealth hazard or impair
the usefulness of the water.
SERVICE CONNECTION
The terminal end of a service connection from the public
potable water system; that is, where the water purveyor loses jurisdiction
and sanitary control over the water and its point of delivery to the
customer's water system. If a meter is installed at the end of
the service connection, then the "service connection" shall mean the
downstream end of the meter. There should be no unprotected takeoffs
from the service line ahead of any meter or backflow-prevention assembly
located at the point of delivery to the customer's water system.
"Service connection" shall also include water service connections
from a fire hydrant and all other temporary or emergency water service
connections from the public potable water system.
WATER, NONPOTABLE
Water that is not safe for human consumption or that is of
questionable quality.
WATER, POTABLE
Water that is safe for human consumption as described by
the public health authority having jurisdiction.
WATER, USED
Any water supplied by a water purveyor from a public potable
water system to a consumer's water system after it has passed
through the point of delivery and is no longer under the sanitary
control of the water purveyor.