In all areas of special flood hazards, compliance with the applicable
requirements of the Uniform Construction Code (N.J.A.C. 5:23) and
the following standards, whichever is more restrictive, is required:
A. Anchoring.
(1) All new construction and substantial improvements shall be anchored
to prevent flotation, collapse, or lateral movement of the structure.
(2) All manufactured homes shall be anchored to resist flotation, collapse
or lateral movement. Methods of anchoring may include, but are not
to be limited to, use of over-the-top or frame ties to ground anchors.
This requirement is in addition to applicable state and local anchoring
requirements for resisting wind forces.
B. Construction materials and methods.
(1) All new construction and substantial improvements shall be constructed
with materials and utility equipment resistant to flood damage.
(2) All new construction and substantial improvements shall be constructed
using methods and practices that minimize flood damage.
C. Utilities.
(1) All new and replacement water supply systems shall be designed to
minimize or eliminate infiltration of floodwaters into the system;
(2) New and replacement sanitary sewage systems shall be designed to
minimize or eliminate infiltration of floodwaters into the systems
and discharge from the systems into floodwaters;
(3) On-site waste disposal systems shall be located to avoid impairment
to them or contamination from them during flooding; and
(4) Electrical, heating, ventilation, plumbing and air-conditioning equipment
and other service facilities shall be designed and/or located so as
to prevent water from entering or accumulating within the components
during conditions of flooding.
D. Subdivision proposals.
(1) All subdivision proposals and other proposed new development shall
be consistent with the need to minimize flood damage;
(2) All subdivision proposals and other proposed new development shall
have public utilities and facilities such as sewer, gas, electrical,
and water systems located and constructed to minimize flood damage;
(3) All subdivision proposals and other proposed new development shall
have adequate drainage provided to reduce exposure to flood damage;
and
(4) Base flood elevation data shall be provided for subdivision proposals
and other proposed new development and other proposed development
which contain at least 50 lots or five acres (whichever is less).
E. Enclosure openings. All new construction and substantial improvements
having fully enclosed areas below the lowest floor that are usable
solely for parking of vehicles, building access or storage in an area
other than a basement and which are subject to flooding shall be designed
to automatically equalize hydrostatic flood forces on exterior walls
by allowing for the entry and exit of floodwaters. Designs for meeting
this requirement must either be certified by a registered professional
engineer or architect or must meet or exceed the following minimum
criteria: A minimum of two openings having a total net area of not
less than one square inch for every square foot of enclosed area subject
to flooding shall be provided. The bottom of all openings shall be
no higher than one foot above grade. Openings may be equipped with
screens, louvers, or other covering or devices provided that they
permit the automatic entry and exit of floodwaters.
In all areas of special flood hazards where base flood elevation data have been provided as set forth in §
139-7, Basis for establishing areas of special flood hazard, or in §
139-14B, use of other base flood data, the following standards are required:
A. Residential construction.
(1) New construction and substantial improvement of any residential structure
located in an A or AE zone shall have the lowest floor, including
basement, together with the attendant utilities and sanitary facilities
elevated at or above the base flood elevation (published FIS/FIRM)
or advisory base flood elevation, whichever is more restrictive, plus
one foot (or more).
(2) Require within any AO zone on the municipality's FIRM that all
new construction and substantial improvement of any structure shall
have the lowest floor, including basement, elevated above the highest
adjacent grade one foot above or more the depth number specified in
feet (at least three feet if no depth number is specified) or at or
above the advisory base flood elevation plus one foot, whichever is
more restrictive. And, require adequate drainage paths around structures
on slopes to guide floodwaters around and away from proposed structures.
B. Nonresidential construction. In an area of special flood hazard,
all new construction and substantial improvement of any commercial,
industrial or other nonresidential structure located in an A or AE
zone shall have the lowest floor, including basement together with
the attendant utilities and sanitary facilities:
(1) Either:
(a)
Elevated to or above the base flood elevation (published FIS/FIRM)
or the advisory base flood elevation, whichever is more restrictive,
plus one foot or more; and
(b)
Require within any AO Zone on the municipality's DFIRM
that all new construction and substantial improvement of any commercial,
industrial or other nonresidential structure shall have the lowest
floor, including basement, elevated above the highest adjacent grade
one foot or more the depth number specified in feet (at least three
feet if no depth number is specified) or at or above the advisory
base flood elevation plus one foot, whichever is more restrictive.
And, require adequate drainage paths around structures on slopes to
guide floodwaters around and away from proposed structures;
(2) Or:
(a)
Be floodproofed so that below the base flood level plus one
foot, or advisory base flood elevation plus one foot or more (whichever
is more restrictive), the structure is watertight with walls substantially
impermeable to the passage of water;
(b)
Have structural components capable of resisting hydrostatic
and hydrodynamic loads and effects of buoyancy; and
(c)
Be certified by a registered professional engineer or architect that the design and methods of construction are in accordance with accepted standards of practice for meeting the applicable provisions of this subsection. Such certification shall be provided to the official as set forth in §
139-14C(2)(b).
C. Manufactured homes.
(1) Manufactured homes shall be anchored in accordance with §
139-16A(2).
(2) All manufactured homes to be placed or substantially improved within
an area of special flood hazard shall be elevated on a permanent foundation
such that the top of the lowest floor is at or above the base flood
elevation (published FIS/FIRM) or the advisory base flood elevation,
plus one foot (whichever is more restrictive).
Coastal high-hazard areas (V or VE Zones) are located within the areas of special flood hazard established in §
139-7. These areas have special flood hazards associated with high velocity waters from tidal surges and hurricane wave wash; therefore, the following provisions shall apply:
A. Location of structures.
(1) All buildings or structures shall be located landward of the reach
of the mean high tide.
(2) The placement of manufactured homes shall be prohibited, except in
an existing manufactured home park or subdivision.
B. Construction methods.
(1) Elevation. All new construction and substantial improvements shall
be elevated on piling or columns so that:
(a)
The bottom of the lowest horizontal structural member of the
lowest floor (excluding the piling or columns) is elevated to or above
the base flood elevation (published FIS/FIRM), the advisory base flood
elevation or as required by the Uniform Construction Code (N.J.A.C.
5:23), whichever is more restrictive, and,
(b)
For all new construction and substantial improvements within the coastal high-hazard areas (V or VE Zones) as delineated by the published Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) or the best available flood hazard data (whichever is more restrictive) shall have all space below the lowest floor's supporting member open so as not to impede the flow of water, except for breakaway walls as provided or in Subsection
B(4).
(2) Structural support.
(a)
All new construction and substantial improvements shall be securely
anchored on piling or columns.
(b)
The pile or column foundation and structure attached thereto
shall be anchored to resist flotation, collapse or lateral movement
due to the effects of wind and water loading values, each of which
shall have a one-percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any
given year (one-hundred-year mean recurrence interval).
(c)
There shall be no fill used for structural support.
(3) Certification. A registered professional engineer or architect shall develop or review the structural design specifications and plans for the construction and shall certify that the design and methods of construction to be used are in accordance with accepted standards of practice for compliance with the provisions of Subsection
B(1) and
(2)(a) and
(b).
(4) Space below the lowest floor.
(a)
Any alteration, repair, reconstruction or improvement to a structure
started after the enactment of this chapter shall not enclose the
space below the lowest floor unless breakaway walls, open wood lattice-work
or insect screening are used as provided for in this section.
(b)
Breakaway walls, open wood lattice-work or insect screening
shall be allowed below the base flood elevation provided that they
are intended to collapse under wind and water loads without causing
collapse, displacement or other structural damage to the elevated
portion of the building or supporting foundation system. Breakaway
walls shall be designed for a safe loading resistance of not less
than 10 and no more than 20 pounds per square foot. Use of breakaway
walls which exceed a design safe loading of 20 pounds per square foot
(either by design or when so required by local or State codes) may
be permitted only if a registered professional engineer or architect
certifies that the designs proposed meet the following conditions:
[1]
Breakaway wall collapse shall result from a water load less
than that which would occur during the base flood; and
[2]
The elevated portion of the building and supporting foundation
system shall not be subject to collapse, displacement or other structural
damage due to the effects of wind and water load acting simultaneously
on all building components (structural and nonstructural). Water loading
values used shall be those associated with the base flood. Wind loading
values used shall be those required by applicable state or local building
standards.
(c)
If breakaway walls are utilized, such enclosed space shall be
used solely for parking of vehicles, building access, or storage and
not for human habitation.
(d)
Prior to construction, plans for any breakaway wall must be
submitted to the Construction Code Official or Building Subcode Official
for approval.
C. Sand dunes. Prohibit man-made alteration of sand dunes within Zones
VE and V on the community's DFIRM which would increase potential
flood damage.