As used in this chapter, the following terms shall have the meanings
indicated:
AASHTO
American Association of State Highway and Transportation
Officials.
ADEQUATE DRAINAGE
Control and disposal of surface water from parking lots and
from any buildings, walks or other surfaces which drain onto parking
lots in accordance with the City's Stormwater Management Ordinance, as amended, and other applicable statutes.
BMP (BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICE)
Activities, facilities, control measures, planning or procedures
used to minimize accelerated erosion and sedimentation and manage
stormwater to protect, maintain, reclaim, and restore the quality
of waters and the existing and designated uses of waters within this
commonwealth before, during and after earth disturbance activities.
CITY
The City of Lancaster. PA.
CITY ENGINEER
The Engineer of the City of Lancaster, or his/her designee.
DIRECTOR
The Director of the Department of Public Works or her/his
designee.
ENLARGED
For the purpose of this chapter, "enlarged" shall mean extending
the total area of an existing parking lot beyond the area currently
occupied, including paved surface used for the parking of vehicles,
drive aisles, travel lanes, ticket booth, or similar use, and regardless
of whether or not the area was previously covered by impervious surface
including but not limited to buildings, structures or other paved
surfaces. This definition shall also include extending the total area
of a parking lot for the purpose of adding perimeter landscaping or
other unpaved areas for screening, buffering and/or stormwater management.
GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE (GI)
Systems that mimic natural processes in order to infiltrate,
evaporate, and/or reuse stormwater. Green infrastructure may use soils,
topography, and vegetation in a way that minimizes the impacts of
disturbance from development and maintains the pre-development hydrology
and water qualities of urban areas.
IMPROVEMENT
For the purposes of this chapter, "improvements" shall include
the modification of existing parking spaces and/or access aisles or
drives, provision of required handicapped-accessible spaces, correction
of existing drainage problems, installation of required landscaping
or reconstruction and resurfacing of paved areas. Sealing, restriping,
and similar minor repairs (rehabilitation) to paved areas of a surface
parking lot solely for maintenance shall not be deemed an improvement,
provided that the number of spaces is not altered.
(1)
RECONSTRUCTIONThe replacement of the entire existing pavement structure by the placement of a similar, equivalent, increased or alternative pavement structure. Reconstruction involves removing and replacing all or part of the asphalt, concrete, or paver surface and aggregate base. A parking lot shall be considered to be reconstructed when more than 10% of the pavement structure needs to be removed and replaced. Reconstruction may utilize either new or recycled materials incorporated into the materials used for the reconstruction of the complete pavement.
(2)
RESURFACINGStructural enhancements that extend the service life of the existing pavement and/or improve its load carrying capacity by removing and replacing the wearing surface. Resurfacing may include patching pot holes or badly deteriorated areas of old asphalt that have exposed base course and a total area less than 240 square feet of the parking lot area for parking lots less than 2,400 square feet, or less than 10% of the parking lot area for parking lots greater than 2,400 square feet.
(3)
OVERLAYSimilar to resurfacing but does not include removing existing pavement. Overlay consists of increasing pavement thickness to strengthen existing pavement and may include patching pot holes or badly deteriorated areas that have not impacted the binder course and have a total area of less than 240 square feet.
MAXIMUM EXTENT PRACTICABLE (MEP)
Applies when the applicant demonstrates to the City of Lancaster's
satisfaction that the performance standard is not achievable. The
applicant shall take into account the best available technology, cost
effectiveness, geographic features, and other competing interests
such as protection of human safety and welfare, protection of endangered
and threatened resources, and preservation of historic properties
in making the assertion that the performance standard cannot be met
and that a different means of control is appropriate.
MINOR REPAIR (REHABILITATION)
Nonstructural enhancements made to the existing pavement
sections to eliminate age-related, top-down surface cracking that
develop in flexible pavements due to environmental exposure. Minor
repairs shall include, but are not limited to, crack sealing, and
patching pot holes or other deteriorated areas that have not impacted
the base course and have a total area of less than 240 square feet.
PA BMP MANUAL
The Pennsylvania Stormwater Best Management Practices Manual
of December 2006, or most recent version thereof.
PARKING LOT
An off-street area, not within the public right-of-way, designed
and improved for the parking of motorized and nonmotorized vehicles,
including access drives and driveways, aisles and maneuvering space
appurtenant thereto. For the purposes of this chapter, a parking lot
shall be those areas of 1,200 or more square feet used for parking,
access drives, driveways and aisles.
(1)
ACCESSORY SURFACE PARKING LOTA parking lot on which more than 80% of parking is allocated to a specific use or uses and for the exclusive use by customers, users or employees of the use or uses.
(2)
COMMERCIAL SURFACE PARKING LOTA parking lot used as a commercial enterprise for the short- or long-term parking or storage of motor vehicles, is not accessory to any other use, and contains parking space rented to the general public or reserved for individuals by the hour, day, week or month.
(a)
Where there exists a mix of dedicated spaces for a specific
use or uses and general rental spaces, if such general spaces represent
a majority of the available parking spaces, it shall be considered
a commercial surface parking lot.
(3)
TEMPORARY SURFACE PARKING LOTA parking lot created for special events such as sporting events, theatrical performances, or other events that last no longer than seven days in duration or a total of not more than 30 days in any calendar year, or as overflow accessory parking, or as the staging area and parking for construction projects that last no longer than the schedule of construction.
PARKING LOTS SUPPLEMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS
The details, specifications and standards for the construction,
reconstruction and repair and improvements of surface parking lots.
The Parking Lots Supplemental Specifications are available on the
City of Lancaster website and from the Department of Public Works.
PAVEMENT STRUCTURE
The structure of a paved surface including at a minimum a
surface or wearing course and an aggregate base course.
POROUS (PERMEABLE, PERVIOUS) PAVEMENT
An alternative to standard impervious asphalt, concrete or
masonry surfaces that allows stormwater to drain through the porous
surface to a stone reservoir underneath. The reservoir temporarily
stores surface runoff before infiltrating it into the subsoil or slowly
releasing it into the municipal sewer system. The appearance of the
alternative surface may be similar to asphalt, concrete, or masonry
materials, but it is manufactured without fine materials and instead
incorporates void spaces that allow for storage and infiltration.
Underdrains may also be used below the stone reservoir if soil conditions
are not conducive to complete infiltration of runoff.
SALDO
City of Lancaster Subdivision and Land Development Ordinance.
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT FACILITY (SWM FACILITY)
Any structure, natural or man-made, that, due to its condition,
design, or construction, conveys, stores, infiltrates/evaporates/transpires,
cleans or otherwise affects stormwater runoff. Typical SWM facilities
include, but are not limited to, detention and retention basins, open
channels, watercourses, road gutters, swales, storm sewers, pipes,
BMPs, and infiltration structures.