The Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin, recognizing the fact
that all victims of crime should be treated with dignity, respect,
and sensitivity, enact this chapter for the purpose of providing basic
rights and protections to victims of crime on the Menominee Indian
Reservation that are no less vigorous than the protections afforded
criminal defendants.
This chapter shall be entitled "Victim Rights."
For the purpose of this chapter, the following terms shall have
the meaning indicated:
ADVOCATE
A professional primarily employed, either through a government
agency or nonprofit agency, to assist victims of crime.
DEFENDANT
The alleged perpetrator of a criminal act.
LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER
Any member of the Menominee Tribal Police Department, Menominee
Tribal Conservation Warden, or other bona-fide peace officer acting
within his or her official capacity.
PERSONAL PROPERTY
All property except weapons involved in the commission of
the crime, currency, contraband, or disputed ownership items (unless
otherwise determined by the court).
VICTIM
Any of the following: any person who suffers direct or threatened
physical, emotional or financial harm as the result of the commission
or attempted commission of a crime, as defined under the laws of the
Menominee Indian Tribe. Does not include the person charged with or
who is culpable for the crime being investigated or prosecuted. If
a victim is under 18 years of age, incompetent, incapacitated, or
deceased, the victim can be represented by (in order of preference):
a spouse, legal guardian, parent, child, sibling or another family
member.
VULNERABLE VICTIM
Any one of the following: a minor victim, any victim age 55 and over with physical disabilities, a victim who has mental health disabilities and/or meets the definition of "adult at risk" in §
368-17, and/or whomever the Court determines falls under this category.
A victim has the rights and is eligible for the services outlined
in this chapter if the crime has been reported to a law enforcement
officer or if disclosure of a crime is imminent. Services to crime
victims should be rendered in accordance with the existing policy.
A crime victim has the following fundamental rights:
A. The right to attend court hearings.
(1) To attend all public proceedings at which a defendant has the right
to be present, including, but not limited to, initial appearances,
motion hearings, trials, sentencing hearings and probation/parole
hearings.
(2) To be accompanied by an advocate at all proceedings at which a defendant
has the right to be present as outlined above.
(3) To not be excluded from any such public court proceeding, unless
the court, after receiving clear and convincing evidence, determines
that testimony by the victim would be materially altered if the victim
heard other testimony at that proceeding.
(4) To have proceedings free from unreasonable delay.
B. The right to reasonable protection.
(1) To be provided a waiting area separate from the defendant(s), defendant's
relatives and defense witnesses.
(2) To have the prosecutor move that the victim not be compelled to identify
in his testimony his/her address, place of employment or other personal
identification.
(3) To have the prosecutor, in the case of minors and/or vulnerable victims,
move to have closed-circuit testimony or close the courtroom to the
general public.
(4) To be notified, as soon as is reasonable, of the escape or release
of a defendant from the tribal jail.
C. The right to be heard.
(1) To be reasonably heard at any public proceeding, involving release,
plea, or sentencing.
(2) To have the opportunity to confer with the prosecution with regard
to major case decisions (e.g., dismissal of charges, release of the
accused, possible plea agreements).
(3) To provide to the court verbal and/or written victim impact statements
and recommendations pertaining to the sentencing of convicted offender(s).
(4) To have his/her interest considered at probation, parole, and/or
other criminal justice proceedings, including but not limited to revocation
hearings.
D. The right to be informed.
(1) To be notified of the arrest of the accused.
(2) To be notified of major prosecutorial decisions, including the decision
not to file charges.
(3) To be notified of public hearings and/or court proceedings, including
changes in charges, dismissal of charges, and release from incarceration
for any reason.
(4) To be notified of prisoner escape or release from tribal jail as
quickly as possible.
(5) To be notified, as soon as reasonable, if any department listed in §
535-6 has been notified of the escape or release of a defendant from an outside jurisdiction.
(6) To be notified of pardon applications, pursuant to Chapter
81, Executive Pardons.
(7) To be notified of rights and procedures outlined in this chapter.
(8) To be informed of financial assistance and other social services
available as a result of being a victim of crime.
(9) To be notified of any or all appeals by defendant(s).
(10)
The Court will make known that the failure to provide a right,
privilege, or notice to a victim under this chapter shall not be grounds
for the defendant(s) to seek to have the conviction set aside or have
a retrial.
E. The right to compensation and restitution.
(1) To have personal property promptly returned by law enforcement officers
when no longer needed as evidence.
(2) To have the Court, if possible, authorize a photograph of the property
item to be used as evidence to expedite the prompt return of property.
(3) To restitution that covers out-of-pocket expenses relating to the
crime, including medical expenses, therapy costs, prescription charges,
lost wages, counseling costs, lost or damaged property, insurance
deductibles, and/or any other expenses that resulted directly from
the crime.
(4) To a judgment for unpaid restitution.
(5) To be informed of benefits from the tribal, state or federal programs.
(6) To have restitution payments deducted from the defendant's annual
per capita and/or tribal distribution payments in accordance with
the payment capture hierarchy established by ordinance authorizing
the per capita or tribal distribution.
F. The right to representation.
(1) To hire an attorney at his/her own expense to represent his/her own
interest in the matter.
(2) To have a private attorney pursue a civil recourse from an incident.
G. The right to access cultural and spiritual support.
(1) To reasonable access to cultural and spiritual support, providing
it does not interfere with the investigation or prosecution of the
crime.
Nothing in this chapter shall be construed as creating a cause
of action for money damages against the Tribe, county or state, or
any of their agencies or employees.
The failure to provide a right, privilege or notice under this
chapter shall not be grounds for the defendant to seek to have the
conviction, sentence set aside, or retrial.
If any portion of this chapter is found to be unconstitutional
or in violation of tribal or applicable federal law, the remainder
of this chapter shall remain in effect.
This chapter shall take effect upon final approval by the Menominee
Tribal Legislature.