[Ord. No. 1-2011, 5/10/2011]
1.
For all regulated activities, unless specifically exempted in § 23-302:
A.
Preparation and implementation of an approved SWM site plan is required.
B.
No regulated activities shall commence until the municipality issues
written approval of an SWM site plan, which demonstrates compliance
with the requirements of this chapter.
D.
The SWM site plan, approved by the municipality, shall be on site
throughout the duration of the regulated activities.
2.
For all regulated earth disturbance activities, erosion and sediment
control BMPs shall be designed, implemented, operated, and maintained
during the regulated earth disturbance activities (e.g., during construction)
to meet the purposes and requirements of this chapter and to meet
all requirements under Title 25 of the Pennsylvania Code (including,
but not limited to, Chapter 102, Erosion and Sediment Control) and
the Clean Streams Law.[1] Various BMPs and their design standards are listed in
the Erosion and Sediment Pollution Control Program Manual (E&S
Manual), No. 363-2134-008 (April 15, 2000), as amended and updated.
[1]
Editor's Note: See 35 P.S. § 691.1 et seq.
3.
For all regulated activities, stormwater BMPs shall be designed,
installed, implemented, operated, and maintained to meet the purposes
and requirements of this chapter and to meet all requirements under
Title 25 of the Pennsylvania Code and the Clean Streams Law, conform
to the state water quality requirements, meet all requirements under
the Storm Water Management Act[2] and any more stringent requirements as determined by the
municipality.
[2]
Editor's Note: See 32 P.S. § 680.1 et seq.
4.
The municipality may, after consultation with PADEP and the Conservation
District, approve measures for meeting the state water quality requirements
other than those in this chapter, provided that they meet the minimum
requirements of, and do not conflict with, state law, including, but
not limited to, the Clean Streams Law.
5.
All regulated activities shall include, to the maximum extent practicable,
measures to:
A.
Protect health, safety, and property.
B.
Meet the water quality goals of this chapter by implementing measures
to:
(1)
Minimize disturbance to floodplains, wetlands, natural slopes,
existing native vegetation and woodlands.
(2)
Create, maintain, or extend riparian buffers and protect existing
forested buffers.
(3)
Provide trees and woodlands adjacent to impervious areas whenever
feasible.
(4)
Minimize the creation of impervious surfaces and the degradation
of waters of the commonwealth, and promote groundwater recharge.
(5)
Protect natural systems and processes (drainageways, vegetation,
soils, and sensitive areas) and maintain, as much as possible, the
natural hydrologic regime.
(6)
Incorporate natural site elements (wetlands, stream corridors,
mature forests) as design elements.
(7)
Avoid erosive flow conditions in natural flow pathways.
(8)
Minimize soil disturbance and soil compaction.
(9)
Minimize thermal impacts to waters of the commonwealth.
(10)
Disconnect impervious surfaces by directing runoff to pervious
areas wherever possible, and decentralize and manage stormwater at
its source.
6.
Impervious Areas.
A.
The measurement of impervious areas shall include all of the impervious
areas in the total proposed development, even if development is to
take place in stages.
B.
For developments taking place in stages, the entire development plan
must be used in determining conformance with this chapter.
C.
For projects that add impervious area to a parcel, the total impervious
area on the parcel is subject to the requirements of this chapter.
7.
If diffused flow is proposed to be concentrated and discharged onto
adjacent property, the applicant must document that adequate downstream
conveyance facilities exist to safely transport the concentrated discharge,
or otherwise prove that no erosion, sedimentation, flooding, or other
harm will result from the concentrated discharge.
8.
Stormwater drainage systems shall be provided in order to permit
unimpeded flow along natural watercourses, except as modified by stormwater
management facilities or open channels consistent with this chapter.
9.
Where watercourses traverse a development site, drainage easements
(with a minimum width of 20 feet and include the 100-year water surface)
shall be provided conforming to the line of such watercourses. The
terms of the easement shall prohibit excavation, the placing of fill
or structures, and any alterations that may adversely affect the flow
of stormwater within any portion of the easement. Also, maintenance,
including mowing of vegetation within the easement, may be required,
except as approved by the appropriate governing authority.
10.
When it can be shown that, due to topographic conditions, natural
drainageways on the site cannot adequately provide for drainage, open
channels may be constructed conforming substantially to the line and
grade of such natural drainageways. Work within natural drainageways
shall be subject to approval by PADEP under regulations at 25 Pa.
Code Chapter 105 through the joint permit application process or,
where deemed appropriate by PADEP, through the general permit process.
11.
Any stormwater management facilities or any facilities that constitute
water obstructions (e.g., culverts, bridges, outfalls, or stream enclosures,
etc.) that are regulated by this chapter, and that will be located
in or adjacent to waters of the commonwealth (including wetlands),
shall be subject to approval by PADEP under regulations at 25 Pa.
Code Chapter 105 through the joint permit application process or,
where deemed appropriate by PADEP, the general permit process. When
there is a question whether wetlands may be involved, it is the responsibility
of the applicant or his agent to show that the land in question cannot
be classified as wetlands; otherwise, approval to work in the area
must be obtained from PADEP.
12.
Should any stormwater management facility require a dam safety permit
under PADEP Chapter 105, the facility shall be designed in accordance
with Chapter 105 and meet the regulations of Chapter 105 concerning
dam safety.
13.
Any stormwater management facilities regulated by this chapter that
will be located on, or discharged onto, state highway rights-of-way
shall be subject to approval by the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation
(PennDOT).
14.
Minimization of impervious surfaces and infiltration of runoff through
seepage beds, infiltration trenches, etc., are encouraged, where soil
conditions and geology permit, to reduce the size or eliminate the
need for detention facilities.
15.
Infiltration BMPs should be dispersed throughout the site, made as
shallow as practicable, and located to maximize use of natural on-site
infiltration features while still meeting the other requirements of
this chapter.
16.
The design of facilities over karst shall include an evaluation and
implementation of measures to minimize adverse effects.
17.
Roof drains shall not be connected to streets, sanitary or storm
sewers, or roadside ditches in order to promote overland flow and
infiltration/percolation of stormwater where it is advantageous to
do so. When it is more advantageous to connect directly to streets
or storm sewers, then the municipality shall permit it on a case-by-case
basis.
18.
Applicants are encouraged to use low impact development practices
to reduce the costs of complying with the requirements of this chapter
and the state water quality requirements.
19.
When stormwater management facilities are proposed within 1,000 feet
of a downstream municipality, the developer shall notify the downstream
municipality and provide a copy of the SWM plan, if requested, for
review and comment.
[Ord. No. 1-2011, 5/10/2011]
2.
The applicant must demonstrate that the following BMPs are being
utilized to the maximum extent practicable to receive consideration
for the exemptions:
A.
Design around and limit disturbance of floodplains, wetlands, natural
slopes over 15%, existing native vegetation, and other sensitive and
special value features.
B.
Maintain riparian and forested buffers.
C.
Limit grading and maintain nonerosive flow conditions in natural
flow paths.
D.
Maintain existing tree canopies near impervious areas.
E.
Minimize soil disturbance and reclaim disturbed areas with topsoil
and vegetation.
F.
Direct runoff to pervious areas.
3.
The applicant must demonstrate that the proposed development/additional
impervious area will not adversely impact the following:
4.
An applicant proposing regulated activities may be eligible for exemption
from rate control, volume control, or stormwater management site plan
requirements in this chapter according to the following table:
|
Table 302.1 Exemptions and Submission Requirements
| |
|---|---|
|
New Impervious Area1, 2
(square footage)
|
Applicant Must Provide
|
|
0 < 2,500
|
No submission is required
|
|
2,500 < 5,000
|
Documentation of new impervious surfaces3
|
|
5,000 and greater
|
Rate controls, volume controls and SWM site plan
|
|
NOTES:
| |
|
1
|
New impervious area since the date of adoption of this chapter.
|
|
2
|
Gravel in existing condition shall be considered pervious, and
gravel in proposed condition shall be considered impervious.
|
|
3
|
The small project stormwater management application included
in Appendix E[1] shall be used to document new impervious surfaces.
|
[1]
Editor's Note: Said Appendix E is included as an attachment to this chapter.
5.
Single-family residential activities are exempt from these requirements,
provided the construction:
6.
An applicant proposing regulated activities, after demonstrating compliance with Subsections 1, 2, and 3 of § 23-302, may be exempted from various requirements of this chapter if documentation can be provided that a downstream man-made water body (i.e., reservoir, lake, or man-made wetlands) has been designed or modified to address the potential stormwater flooding impacts of the proposed development.
7.
The purpose this section is to ensure consistency of stormwater management
planning between local ordinances and NPDES permitting (when required)
and to ensure that the applicant has a single and clear set of stormwater
management standards to which the applicant is subject. The municipality
may accept alternative stormwater management controls under this section,
provided that:
A.
The municipality, in consultation with the PADEP (or delegated authority), determines that meeting the volume control requirements (see § 23-304) is not possible or places an undue hardship on the applicant.
B.
The alternative controls are documented to be acceptable to PADEP
(or delegated authority), for NPDES requirements pertaining to post-construction
stormwater management requirements.
8.
Agricultural activities are exempt from the rate control and SWM
site plan preparation requirements of this chapter, provided the activities
are performed according to the requirements of 25 Pa. Code Chapter
102.
9.
Forest management and timber operations are exempt from the rate
and volume control requirement and SWM site plan preparation requirement
of this chapter, provided the activities are performed according to
the requirements of 25 Pa. Code Chapter 102. It should be noted that
temporary roadways are not exempt.
10.
The municipality may deny or revoke any exemption pursuant to this
section at any time for any project that the municipality believes
may pose a threat to public health, safety, property or the environment.
[Ord. No. 1-2011, 5/10/2011]
1.
2.
If an applicant demonstrates to the satisfaction of the governing body of the municipality that any mandatory provision of this chapter is unreasonable or causes unique or undue unreasonableness or hardship as it applies to the proposed project, or that an alternate design may result in a superior result within the context of §§ 23-102 and 23-103 of this chapter, the governing body of the municipality, upon obtaining the comments and recommendations of the Municipal Engineer, may grant a waiver or relief so that substantial justice may be done and the public interest is secured, provided that such waiver will not have the effect of nullifying the intent and purpose of this chapter.
3.
The applicant shall submit all requests for waivers in writing and
shall include such requests as a part of the plan review and approval
process. The applicant shall state in full the facts of unreasonableness
or hardship on which the request is based, the provision or provisions
of this chapter that are involved, and the minimum waiver or relief
that is necessary. The applicant shall state how the requested waiver
and how the applicant's proposal shall result in an equal or better
means of complying with the intent or purpose and general principles
of this chapter.
4.
The municipality shall keep a written record of all actions on waiver
requests.
5.
The municipality may charge a fee for each waiver request, which
shall be used to offset the administrative costs of reviewing the
waiver request. The applicant shall also agree to reimburse the municipality
for reasonable and necessary fees that may be incurred by the Municipal
Engineer in any review of a waiver request.
6.
In granting waivers, the municipality may impose reasonable conditions
that will, in its judgment, secure substantially the objectives of
the standards or requirements that are to be modified.
7.
The municipality may grant applications for waivers when the following
findings are made, as relevant:
A.
That the waiver shall result in an equal or better means of complying
with the intent of this chapter.
B.
That the waiver is the minimum necessary to provide relief.
C.
That the applicant is not requesting a waiver based on cost considerations.
D.
That existing down-gradient stormwater problems will not be exacerbated.
E.
That runoff is not being diverted to a different drainage area.
F.
That increased flooding or ponding on off-site properties or roadways
will not occur.
G.
That potential icing conditions will not occur.
H.
That increase of peak flow or volume from the site will not occur.
I.
That erosive conditions due to increased peak flows or volume will
not occur.
J.
That adverse impact to water quality will not result.
K.
That increased 100-year floodplain levels will not result.
L.
That increased or unusual municipal maintenance expenses will not
result from the waiver.
M.
That the amount of stormwater generated has been minimized to the
greatest extent allowed.
N.
That infiltration of runoff throughout the proposed site has been
provided where practicable and predevelopment ground water recharge
protected.
O.
That peak flow attenuation of runoff has been provided.
P.
That long-term operation and maintenance activities are established.
Q.
That the receiving streams and/or water bodies will not be adversely
impacted in flood-carrying capacity, aquatic habitat, channel stability
and erosion and sedimentation.
[Ord. No. 1-2011, 5/10/2011]
1.
The low impact development practices provided in the BMP Manual and
in Appendix B[1] of this chapter shall be utilized for all regulated activities
to the maximum extent practicable.
[1]
Editor's Note: Appendix B, Low Impact Development Practices, is included as an attachment to this chapter.
2.
Stormwater runoff volume controls shall be implemented using the
Design Storm Method or the Simplified Method, as defined below. For
regulated activity areas equal or less than one acre that do not require
hydrologic routing to design the stormwater facilities, this chapter
establishes no preference for either method; therefore, the applicant
may select either method on the basis of economic considerations,
the intrinsic limitations on applicability of the analytical procedures
associated with each methodology, and other factors.
A.
The Design Storm Method (CG-1 in the BMP Manual) is applicable to
any sized regulated activity. This method requires detailed modeling
based on site conditions.
(1)
Do not increase the post-development total runoff volume when
compared to the predevelopment total runoff volume for the two-year/twenty-four-hour
storm event.
(2)
For hydrologic modeling purposes:
(a)
Existing nonforested pervious areas must be considered meadow
(good condition) for predevelopment hydrologic calculations.
(b)
Twenty percent of existing impervious area, when present within
the proposed project site, shall be considered meadow (good condition)
for predevelopment hydrologic calculations for redevelopment.
B.
The Simplified Method (CG-2 in the BMP Manual) is independent of
site conditions and should be used if the Design Storm Method is not
followed. This method is not applicable to regulated activities greater
than one acre or for projects that require detailed design of stormwater
storage facilities. For new impervious surfaces:
(1)
Stormwater facilities shall capture at least the first two inches
of runoff from all new impervious surfaces.
(2)
At least the first one inch of runoff from new impervious surfaces
shall be permanently removed from the runoff flow; i.e., it shall
not be released into surface waters of the commonwealth. Removal options
include reuse, evaporation, transpiration, and infiltration.
(3)
Wherever possible, infiltration facilities should be designed
to accommodate infiltration of the entire permanently removed runoff;
however, in all cases, at least the first 0.5 inch of the permanently
removed runoff should be infiltrated.
(4)
Actual field infiltration tests at the location of the proposed
elevation of the stormwater BMPs are required. Infiltration tests
shall be conducted in accordance with the BMP Manual. Notification
of the municipality shall be provided to allow witnessing of the testing.
C.
In cases where it is not possible or desirable to use infiltration-based best management practices to partially fulfill the requirements in either Subsection 2A or 2B, the following procedure shall be used:
(1)
At a minimum, the following documentation shall be provided
to justify the decision to not use infiltration BMPs:
(a)
Description of and justification for field infiltration/permeability
testing with respect to the type of test and test locations.
(b)
An interpretive narrative describing existing site soils and
their structure as these relate to the interaction between soils and
water occurring on the site. In addition to providing soil and soil
profile descriptions, this narrative shall identify depth to seasonal
high water tables and depth to bedrock and provide a description of
all subsurface elements (fragipans and other restrictive layers, geology,
etc.) that influence the direction and rate of subsurface water movement.
(c)
A qualitative assessment of the site's contribution to annual
aquifer recharge shall be made, along with identification of any restrictions
or limitations associated with the use of engineered infiltration
facilities.
(d)
The provided documentation must be signed and sealed by a professional
engineer or geologist.
(2)
The following water quality pollutant load reductions will be
required for all disturbed areas within the proposed development:
|
Pollutant Load
|
Units
|
Required Reduction
(%)
|
|---|---|---|
|
Total suspended solids (TSS)
|
Pounds
|
85%
|
|
Total phosphorus (TP)
|
Pounds
|
85%
|
|
Total nitrate (NO3)
|
Pounds
|
50%
|
(3)
The performance criteria for water quality best management practices
shall be determined from the Pennsylvania Stormwater Best Management
Practices Manual, most current version.
3.
The applicable worksheets from the BMP Manual must be used in calculations
to establish volume control.
[Ord. No. 1-2011, 5/10/2011; as amended by Ord. No. 2022-2, 4/12/2022]
1.
In accordance
with the Lower Connoquenessing Stormwater Planning Study prepared
by Herbert, Rowland & Grubic, Inc., dated March 10, 2021, release
rates for the watersheds located within Forward Township shall not
exceed 90%. Resolution No. 2021- 6 supports the recommendation to
update the release rates in the Township's Stormwater Management Ordinance.
2.
Lands contained within Butler County that have had release rates
established under an approved Act 167 stormwater management plan:
A.
The post-development peak discharge rates shall be in accordance
with the approved release rate map for the following watersheds (see
Appendixes for Release Rate Map[1]): Connoquenessing Creek Watershed.
[1]
Editor's Note: Appendix F, Release Rate Map, is included as an attachment to this chapter.
[Ord. No. 1-2011, 5/10/2011]
1.
Sensitive areas and water quality sensitive developments, as defined
below, which require special consideration with regard to stormwater
management:
A.
"Sensitive areas" are defined as those areas that, if developed,
have the potential to endanger a water supply. These areas consist
of the delineated one-year zone of contribution and direct upslope
areas tributary to the water supply wells. Municipalities may update
the sensitive area boundaries based on new research or studies, as
required.
B.
"Stormwater hotspots" are defined as a land development project that
has a high potential to endanger local water quality and could potentially
threaten groundwater reservoirs. The Municipal Engineer will determine
what constitutes these classifications on a case-by-case basis. The
PADEP wellhead protection contaminant source list shall be used as
a guide in these determinations. Industrial manufacturing site and
hazardous material storage areas must provide NPDES SIC codes.
2.
Performance Standards.
A.
The location of the boundaries of sensitive areas is set by drainage
areas tributary to any public water supply. The exact location of
these boundaries, as they apply to a given development site, shall
be determined using mapping at a scale which accurately defines the
limits of the sensitive area. If the project site is within the sensitive
area (in whole or in part), two-foot contour interval mapping shall
be provided to define the limits of the sensitive area. If the project
site is adjacent to but within 500 linear feet of a defined sensitive
area, a five-foot contour interval map defining the limits of the
sensitive area shall be included in the stormwater management plan
to document the site's location relative to the sensitive area.
B.
Stormwater hotspots may be required to prepare and implement a stormwater
pollution prevention plan and file notice of intent as required under
the provision of the EPA industrial stormwater NPDES permit requirements.
C.
Stormwater hotspots must use an acceptable pretreatment BMP prior
to volume control and/or rate control BMPs. Acceptable pretreatment
BMPs for these developments include those based on filtering, settling,
or chemical reaction processes such as coagulation.
