The purpose of this article is to indicate the minimum requirements
for the landscaping of foundations, developed lots, street frontages,
paved areas, permanently protected green space areas, reforestation
areas, and buffer yards.
A.
This article contains the standards that govern the amount, size,
type, installation, and maintenance of required landscaping. This
article recognizes the important and diverse benefits landscaping
provides in terms of protecting the health, safety, and general welfare
of the community.
B.
Each section of this article is oriented to a specific category of required landscaping. The landscaping requirements described in this article are cumulative in nature and are required for all development, except single-family residential and agricultural uses, in the following locations: around building foundations, in developed lots, along street frontages, in or around paved areas, in permanently protected green space areas, in reforestation areas, and in buffer yards. Descriptions of these areas and their associated landscape requirements are included in §§ 390-0906, 390-0907, 390-0908, and 390-0909.
C.
In each instance, a "landscaping point" concept is used to provide a maximum amount of flexibility in terms of the selection of plant materials. Section 390-0913 presents sample landscape point combination alternatives used by this chapter. Section 390-0910 provides a listing of plant species fitting into the plant categories listed in Figure 390-0910A. Section 390-0912 provides requirements for the installation and maintenance of required landscaping, and § 390-0904 describes the procedure for calculating landscaping requirements for this article.
All landscaping requirements are stated in terms of the number
of landscaping points required. The required number of landscaping
points is dependent upon the type of land use, the zoning district,
and the size of the development. Points are awarded based on plant
type, which is mostly dependent upon a plant's typical mature height,
physical characteristics, and whether it is a deciduous or evergreen
species. Figure 390-0903 itemizes the number of points awarded and
the minimum installation size required per plant type.
|
Figure 390-0903: Landscaping Points
| |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
Plant Category
|
Landscaping Points Per Plant
|
Typical Mature Height
(feet)
|
Minimum Permitted Installation Size
|
|
Shade tree
|
75
|
> 50
|
2-inch caliper
|
|
Tall deciduous tree
|
30
|
30 to 50
|
1 1/2-inch caliper
|
|
Medium deciduous tree
|
15
|
20 to 30
|
6 feet tall
|
|
Low deciduous tree
|
10
|
< 20
|
4 feet tall
|
|
Tall evergreen tree
|
40
|
> 30
|
5 feet tall
|
|
Medium evergreen tree
|
20
|
20 to 30
|
4 feet tall
|
|
Low evergreen tree
|
12
|
< 20
|
3 feet tall
|
|
Tall deciduous shrub
|
5
|
> 10
|
36 inches tall
|
|
Medium deciduous shrub
|
3
|
4 to 10
|
24 inches tall
|
|
Low deciduous shrub
|
1
|
< 4
|
18 inches tall
|
|
Tall/medium evergreen shrub
|
5
|
> 4
|
18 inches tall/wide
|
|
Low evergreen shrub
|
3
|
< 4
|
12 inches tall/wide
|
|
Perennial plantings
|
20/20 square feet
|
N/A
|
2 feet tall or 1 gallon pot (generally spaced 2 feet on center)
|
|
Rain garden or bioswale
|
20/20 square feet
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
|
Source: A Guide to Selecting Landscape Plants for Wisconsin,
E. R. Hasselkus, UW-Extension Publication: A2865
|
Sample landscaping schemes that may be used for building foundations,
developed lots, street frontages, paved areas, reforestation, and
buffer yards are depicted in Figure 390-0904. In general, landscaping
schemes similar to Alternative A are best for building foundations,
landscaping schemes similar to Alternative B are best for developed
lots, landscaping schemes similar to Alternative C are best for street
frontages, landscaping schemes similar to Alternative D are best for
paved areas (including parking lots, walkways and plazas), landscaping
schemes similar to Alternative E are best for reforestation, and landscaping
schemes similar to Alternative F are best for buffer yards.
|
Figure 390-0904: Sample Landscaping Schemes
Alternative A: Best suited for building foundations.
| |
|
Example:
750 required landscaping points
Shown in Diagram:
20 medium trees
15 small shrubs
60 shrubs
|
 |
|
Alternative B: Best suited for developed lots.
| |
|
Example:
1,250 required landscaping points
Shown in Diagram:
6 shade trees
8 small trees
20 medium trees
41 evergreen plantings
|
 |
|
Alternative C: Best suited for street frontages.
| |
|
Example:
280 required landscaping points
Shown in Diagram:
Option 1:
2 shade trees
2 tall trees
8 small trees
Option 2:
2 shade trees
2 tall trees
4 small trees
8 evergreen shrubs
|
 |
|
Alternative D: Best suited for paved areas.
| |
|
Example:
880 required landscaping points
Shown in Diagram:
Option 1:
2 shade trees
13 tall trees
68 evergreen shrubs
Option 2:
5 shade trees
6 tall trees
68 evergreen shrubs
|
 |
|
Alternative E: Best suited for reforestation.
| |
 | |
|
Alternative F: Best suited for buffer yards.
| |
 | |
A minimum amount of landscaping points, based upon the zoning
district, is required for each of the areas listed in Subsections
A through D, below. Figure 390-0905 illustrates the measurement techniques
used to determine the minimum requirements.
A.
The linear feet of building foundations.
B.
The gross area of buildings on developed lots.
C.
The linear feet of street frontage.
D.
The total combined area of paved areas.
|
Figure 390-0905: Measurement for Landscaping Requirements
 |
|
Landscaping calculation equations for this example:
|
|
Paved area = (P1 x P2) + (P3 x P4) + (P5 x P6) + (P7 x P8) +
(P9 x P10)
|
|
Street frontage = S1 + S2
|
|
Building perimeter = F1 + F2 + F3 + F4 + F5 + F6 + F7 + F8
|
|
Building floor area = (B1 x B2) + (B3 x B4) + (B5 x B6)
|
B.
Building foundations. As indicated in Figure 390-0906,[1] certain buildings or building additions constructed after
the effective date of this chapter are required to be accented by
a minimum amount of landscaping placed near the building foundation.
(1)
Foundation landscaping shall be placed so that at maturity, the plant's drip line is located within 10 feet of the building foundation. Such landscaping shall not be located in those areas required for landscaping as street frontages, paved areas, protected green space areas, reforestation areas, or buffer yards. Foundation landscaping shall be installed and permanently maintained in conformity with the requirements of § 390-0912.
(2)
For each 100 feet of building foundation perimeter, the landscaping installed shall, at a minimum, meet the number of landscaping points specified in Figure 390-0906. The actual number of points required for such landscaping shall be computed on a prorated basis, and installed and permanently maintained per the requirements of § 390-0912.
(3)
Shade trees and tall trees shall not be used to meet the foundation
landscaping requirement. The intent of this section is to require
a visual break in the mass of buildings and to require a visual screen
of a minimum of six feet in height for all exterior perimeter appurtenances
(such as HVAC/utility boxes, standpipes, stormwater discharge pipes
and other pipes).
(4)
If the officially approved site plan depicts a future building
extension, the foundation landscaping requirement shall be calculated
by measuring the length of the total perimeter. However, foundation
plantings need only be installed based on the landscape points calculated
from the portions of the building perimeter that will not be affected
by building extension. If this results in a point requirement not
met by the initial planting, then the requirement shall be met within
five years after the issuance of the building permit or within such
larger time period as established in writing by the Plan Commission.
[1]
Editor's Note: Figure 390-0906 is included as an attachment to this chapter.
C.
Street frontages. As indicated in Figure 390-0904, street frontages
on certain lots developed after the effective date of this chapter
contain a minimum amount of landscaping in those areas abutting the
right-of-way of a public street.
(1)
All landscaping used to meet street frontage requirements shall be located within 10 feet of the public right-of-way. Under no circumstances shall such landscaping be located within a public right-of-way. Landscaping shall not impede vehicle or pedestrian visibility and shall be installed and permanently maintained in conformity with the requirements of § 390-0912.
(2)
For every 100 linear feet of street frontage of a developed lot abutting a public street right-of-way, the landscape installed shall at a minimum meet the number of landscaping points specified in Figure 390-0906. The actual number of points required for such landscaping shall be computed on a prorated basis, and installed and maintained per the requirements of § 390-0912.
(3)
Shrubs shall not be used to meet street frontage landscaping
requirements. A minimum of 50% of all points shall be devoted to shade
or tall trees, or a combination of such trees, and a minimum of 30%
of all points shall be devoted to medium trees.
D.
Paved areas. As indicated in Figure 390-0906, paved areas on certain
lots developed after the effective date of this chapter must contain
a minimum amount of landscaping within 10 feet of the paved area.
The intent is to require a continuous visual screen of parking areas
from public rights-of-way at a minimum height of 40 inches.
(1)
A minimum of 360 square feet of landscaped area, which shall be located within 10 feet of the paved area, is required for the placement of every 100 paved area landscaping points. Said area does not have to be provided in one contiguous area. Sample configurations are depicted in Figure 390-0904 above. Plants used to fulfill this requirement shall visually screen parking, loading, and circulation areas from view from public streets. Paved area landscaping shall be installed and permanently maintained in conformity with the requirements § 390-0912.
(2)
For every 20 off-street parking stalls or 10,000 square feet of pavement (whichever yields the greater landscaping requirement) located in a development, the landscaping installed shall at a minimum meet the number of landscaping points specified in Figure 390-0906. The actual number of points required for such landscaping shall be computed on a prorated basis, and installed and maintained per the requirements of § 390-0912.
(3)
A minimum of 30% of all points shall be devoted to shade or
tall trees, or a combination of such trees, and a minimum of 40% of
all points shall be devoted to shrubs.
(4)
Parking lot design shall employ interior landscaped islands
with a minimum of 350 square feet at all parking aisle ends, and in
addition, shall provide a minimum of one landscaped island of a minimum
of 350 square feet in each parking aisle for every 20 cars in that
aisle. Aisle-end islands shall count toward meeting this requirement.
Landscaped medians shall be used to break large parking areas into
distinct pods, with a maximum of 100 spaces in any one pod.
E.
Developed lots. As indicated in Figure 390-0906, lots developed after
the effective date of this chapter must contain a minimum amount of
landscaping.
(1)
Landscaping required by this subsection is most effective if
located away from those areas required for landscaping as building
foundations, street frontages, paved areas, protected green space
areas, reforestation areas, or buffer yards.
(2)
The number of landscaping points specified in Figure 390-0906
shall be provided on a prorated basis for every 1,000 square feet
of gross floor area, and installed and maintained per the requirements
of 390-0912.
(3)
The intent of this section is to provide yard shade and to require
a visual screen of a minimum of six feet in height for all detached
exterior appurtenances (such as HVAC, utility boxes, standpipes, stormwater
discharge pipes and other pipes).
After the effective date of this chapter, each acre of other
permanently protected green space shall be planted with a minimum
amount of landscaping. For every one acre of other permanently protected
green space in a development, 200 landscaping points shall be provided.
In addition, adequate ground cover shall be provided to stabilize
the soil.
Each area requiring reforestation shall be reforested and maintained in a manner appropriate to site conditions. The provisions of this section are designed to ensure that reforestation efforts required as part of woodland disruption mitigation standards result in the thorough and reasonably rapid replacement of the important and varied environmental functions that woodlands provide. A detailed reforestation plan shall be submitted by the property owner and approved by the Village prior to clear cutting (see § 390-0307E). This plan shall be reviewed by a reforestation consultant chosen by the Village, with funding for consulting services provided by the petitioner to the Village.
A.
Purpose. This section provides the landscaping and width requirements
for buffer yards on lots developed after the effective date of this
chapter. A buffer yard is a combination of distance and a visual buffer
or barrier. It includes an area, together with the combination of
plantings, berms, and/or fencing that are required to eliminate or
reduce existing or potential nuisances. These nuisances can often
occur between adjacent zoning districts. Such nuisances are dirt;
litter; noise; glare; signs; and incompatible land uses, buildings,
or parking areas.
B.
Required locations for buffer yards. Buffer yards shall be located
along (and within) the outer perimeter of a lot wherever two different
zoning districts abut one another. Buffer yards shall not be required
in front or street side yards
C.
Determination of required buffer yard. The determination of buffer
yard requirements is a two-staged process. First, the required level
of buffer yard opacity is determined using Figure 390-0909A.[1] Opacity is a quantitatively derived measure that indicates
the degree to which a particular buffer yard screens the adjoining
property. The required level of opacity indicated by Figure 390-0909A
is directly related to the degree to which the potential character
of development differs between abutting zoning districts. The provisions
of this section indicate the minimum requirements for buffer yards
located along zoning district boundaries.
[1]
Editor's Note: Figure 390-0909A is included as an attachment to this chapter.
D.
Identification of required level of opacity. Figure 390-0909A shall
be used to determine the minimum level of opacity for the required
buffer yard. The required level of opacity is determined by the value
given in the cell of the table at which the column heading along the
top row of the table (representing the subject property's zoning district)
intersects with the row heading along the left hand side of the table
(representing the adjacent property's zoning district). The value
listed is the required level of opacity for the buffer yard on the
subject property.
Species suitable for landscaping and compatible with local climate
and soil factors are listed in Figure 390-0910A. However, this list
is not intended to be exhaustive, and the Zoning Administrator shall
review proposals for the applicability of species not listed and is
authorized to approve appropriate similar species. See Figure 390-0910B
for species appropriate for specific and common landscaping situations
(e.g., planting under power lines), and Figure 390-0910C for a list
of species to use sparingly or to avoid.
|
Figure 390-0910A: Common Appropriate Landscaping Species
| |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
Classification
|
Landscaping Point Value per Plant
|
Common Name
|
Scientific Name
|
|
Shade trees
|
75
|
Bald cypress
|
Taxodium distichum
|
|
Shade trees
|
75
|
Birch (River, Paper)
|
Betula spp.
|
|
Shade trees
|
75
|
Linden (Basswood, Redmont, Littleleaf)
|
Tilia spp.
|
|
Shade trees
|
75
|
Elms (hybrids)
|
Ulmus spp.
|
|
Shade trees
|
75
|
Kentucky coffeetree
|
Gymnocladus dioicus
|
|
Shade trees
|
75
|
Oaks
|
Quercus spp.
|
|
Shade trees
|
75
|
Sweet gum
|
Liquidambar styraciflua
|
|
Shade trees
|
75
|
Honey locust (male cultivars)
|
Gleditsia triacanthos var. inermis
|
|
Tall deciduous trees
|
30
|
Chanticleer pear
|
Pyrus calleryana 'Chanticleer'
|
|
Tall deciduous trees
|
30
|
Hackberry
|
Celtis occidentalis
|
|
Tall deciduous trees
|
30
|
Chinkapin oak
|
Quercus muehlenbergii
|
|
Tall deciduous trees
|
30
|
Gingko (male cultivars)
|
Gingko biloba
|
|
Tall deciduous trees
|
30
|
State Street Miyabe maple
|
Acer miyabei 'Morton'
|
|
Medium deciduous trees
|
15
|
Paperbark maple
|
Acer griseum
|
|
Medium deciduous trees
|
15
|
Serviceberry
|
Amelanchier
|
|
Medium deciduous trees
|
15
|
Hawthorn
|
Crataegus viridis
|
|
Medium deciduous trees
|
15
|
Hornbeam (Musclewood)
|
Carpinus caroliniana
|
|
Medium deciduous trees
|
15
|
Ironwood/Hophornbeam
|
Ostrya virginiana
|
|
Medium deciduous trees
|
15
|
Eastern redbud
|
Ostrya virginiana
|
|
Medium deciduous trees
|
15
|
Callery pear
|
Pyrus calleryana
|
|
Low deciduous trees
|
10
|
Hazelnut
|
Corylus spp.
|
|
Low deciduous trees
|
10
|
Crape myrtle
|
Lagerstroemia indica
|
|
Low deciduous trees
|
10
|
American hazelnut
|
Corylus americana
|
|
Low Deciduous Trees
|
10
|
Flowering crabapples
|
Malus spp.
|
|
Low deciduous trees
|
10
|
Japanese tree lilac
|
Syringa reticulata
|
|
Tall evergreen trees
|
40
|
Firs
|
Abies spp.
|
|
Tall evergreen trees
|
40
|
American holly
|
Ilex opaca
|
|
Tall evergreen trees
|
40
|
Serbian spruce
|
Picea omorika
|
|
Tall evergreen trees
|
40
|
Canadian hemlock
|
Tsuga canadensis
|
|
Tall evergreen trees
|
40
|
Norway spruce
|
Picea abies
|
|
Tall evergreen trees
|
40
|
Pine (except Austrian)
|
Pinus spp. (not nigra)
|
|
Tall/medium evergreen trees
|
30
|
Juniper (red cedar)
|
Juniperus virginiana
|
|
Tall/medium evergreen trees
|
30
|
Arborvitae
|
Thuja spp.
|
|
Tall/medium evergreen trees
|
30
|
Eastern hemlock
|
Tsuga canadensis
|
|
Low evergreen trees
|
12
|
Juniper (Mountbatten)
|
Juniperus chinensis 'Mountbatten'
|
|
Tall deciduous shrubs
|
5
|
Elderberry
|
Sambucus candensis 'Aurea'
|
|
Tall deciduous shrubs
|
5
|
Lilacs
|
Syringa spp.
|
|
Tall deciduous shrubs
|
5
|
Dogwood (Gray, Pagoda)
|
Cornus spp.
|
|
Medium deciduous shrubs
|
3
|
Weigela
|
Weigela spp.
|
|
Medium deciduous shrubs
|
3
|
Cotoneaster
|
Cotoneaster spp.
|
|
Medium deciduous shrubs
|
3
|
Forsythia (Virgina, Rugosa)
|
Forsythia
|
|
Medium deciduous shrubs
|
3
|
Shrub rose
|
Rosa spp.
|
|
Medium deciduous shrubs
|
3
|
Viburnum (Arrowwood, Warfaring Tree, Nannyberry)
|
Viburnum spp.
|
|
Medium deciduous shrubs
|
3
|
Potentilla
|
Potentilla spp.
|
|
Medium deciduous shrubs
|
3
|
Red chokeberry
|
Aronia arbutifolia
|
|
Medium deciduous shrubs
|
3
|
Black chokeberry
|
Aronia melanocarpa
|
|
Medium deciduous shrubs
|
3
|
Red osier dogwood
|
Cornus sericea
|
|
Medium deciduous shrubs
|
3
|
Summersweet Clethra
|
Clethra alnifolia
|
|
Medium deciduous shrubs
|
3
|
Ninebark
|
Physocarpus spp.
|
|
Low deciduous shrubs
|
1
|
Azalea
|
Azalea spp.
|
|
Low deciduous shrubs
|
1
|
Dwarf bush honeysuckle
|
Diervilla lonicera
|
|
Low deciduous shrubs
|
1
|
Gro-Low sumac
|
Rhus aromatica
|
|
Tall-medium evergreen shrubs
|
5
|
Juniper (Pfitzer)
|
Juniperus x pfitzeriana
|
|
Tall-medium evergreen shrubs
|
5
|
Yew (Japanese)
|
Taxus spp.
|
|
Low evergreen shrubs
|
2
|
Boxwood
|
Buxus spp.
|
|
Low evergreen shrubs
|
2
|
Juniper (Sergeant, Creeping, Andorra)
|
Juniperus spp.
|
|
Perennial plantings
|
20/20 sf
|
Coneflower
|
Echinacea spp.
|
|
Perennial plantings
|
20/20 sf
|
Catmint
|
Nepeta spp.
|
|
Perennial plantings
|
20/20 sf
|
Black-Eyed Susan
|
Rudbeckia hirta
|
|
Perennial plantings
|
20/20 sf
|
Lily
|
Lilium spp.
|
|
Perennial plantings
|
20/20 sf
|
Day lily
|
Hemerocallis spp.
|
|
Perennial plantings
|
20/20 sf
|
Ornamental Grass
|
Varies
|
|
Perennial plantings
|
20/20 sf
|
Lady's Mantel
|
Alchemilla spp.
|
|
Perennial plantings
|
20/20 sf
|
Columbine
|
Aquilegia spp.
|
|
Perennial plantings
|
20/20 sf
|
Aster
|
Aster spp.
|
|
Perennial plantings
|
20/20 sf
|
Jack Frost
|
Brunnera macrophylla
|
|
Perennial plantings
|
20/20 sf
|
Blazing Star
|
Liatris spp.
|
|
Perennial plantings
|
20/20 sf
|
Black Bugbane
|
Cimicifuga simplex 'Brunette'
|
|
Perennial plantings
|
20/20 sf
|
Peony
|
Paeonia spp.
|
|
Perennial plantings
|
20/20 sf
|
Pachysandra
|
Pachysandra spp.
|
|
Perennial plantings
|
20/20 sf
|
Stonecrops
|
Sedum spp.
|
|
Perennial plantings
|
20/20 sf
|
Astilbe
|
Astilbe spp.
|
|
Perennial plantings
|
20/20 sf
|
Hosta
|
Hosta spp.
|
|
Figure 390-0910B: Plant Species Appropriate for Specific Situations
| |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
Use/Situation
|
Classification
|
Common Name
|
Scientific Name
|
|
Appropriate for planting under power lines
|
Low deciduous tree
|
Flowering crabapple
|
Malus spp.
|
|
Low deciduous tree
|
Japanese tree lilac
|
Syringa reticulata
| |
|
Appropriate for screening
|
Tall evergreen tree
|
Firs
|
Abies spp.
|
|
Tall evergreen tree
|
Juniper (Red Cedar)
|
Juniperus virginiana
| |
|
Tall evergreen trees
|
Spruces
|
Picea spp.
| |
|
Tall evergreen trees
|
Pines
|
Pinus spp.
| |
|
Tall evergreen tree
|
Douglas fir
|
Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca
| |
|
Tall evergreen tree
|
Eastern hemlock
|
Tsuga canadensis
| |
|
Medium evergreen tree
|
Arborvitae
|
Thuja occidentalis
| |
|
Salt tolerant
|
Shade tree/tall deciduous tree/medium deciduous tree (varies
by species)
|
Maple
|
Acer spp
|
|
Shade tree
|
Sweet gum
|
Liquidambar styraciflua
| |
|
Low deciduous tree
|
Flowering crabapples
|
Malus spp.
| |
|
Low deciduous tree
|
Crape myrtle
|
Lagerstroemia indica
| |
|
Tall deciduous shrub
|
Dogwood (gray, pagoda)
|
Cornus spp.
| |
|
Medium deciduous shrub
|
Forsythia (virginia, rugosa)
|
Forsythia spp.
| |
|
Low deciduous shrub
|
Azalea
|
Azalea spp.
| |
|
Tall evergreen tree
|
American holly
|
Ilex opaca
| |
|
Tall/medium evergreen shrub
|
Yew (Japanese)
|
Taxus spp.
| |
|
Low evergreen shrub
|
Boxwood
|
Buxus spp
| |
|
Figure 390-0910C: Species to Use Sparingly1 or to Avoid2
| |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Classification
|
Common Name
|
Scientific Name
|
Avoid or Use Sparingly?
|
Reason
|
Potential Alternatives
|
|
Shade tree
|
Nonresistant elms
|
Ulmus spp.
|
Avoid
|
Dutch Elm Disease
|
Disease-resistant elm cultivars: 'Princeton,' 'Valley Forge,'
and 'New Harmony'
|
|
Shade tree
|
Boxelder
|
Acer negundo
|
Avoid
|
Spread quickly
| |
|
Shade tree
|
Freeman maple
|
Acer x freemanii
|
Use sparingly
|
Over-planted
| |
|
Shade tree
|
Norway maples
|
Acer platanoides
|
Use sparingly
|
Over-planed, dense
| |
|
Shade tree
|
Red maples
|
Acer rubrum
|
Use sparingly
|
Prefer acidic soil
|
Littleaf linden Tilia cordata (urban tolerant)
|
|
Shade tree
|
Sugar maples
|
Acer saccharum
|
Use sparingly
|
Thrives only in certain conditions; picky
|
Kentucky Coffeetree
|
|
Shade tree
|
Silver maples
|
Acer saccharinum
|
Avoid
|
Weak-wooded, invasive tendencies
|
Gymnocaldus dioicus
River birch Betula nigra
Oaks Quercus spp.
|
|
Tall deciduous tree
|
Autumn Blaze maple
|
Acer truncatum
|
Use sparingly
|
Over-planted
|
Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba)
Hackberry (Celtis occidentalis)
Chanticleer pear (Pyrus calleryana 'Chanticleer')
|
|
Tall deciduous tree
|
Ash trees
|
Fraxinus spp.
|
Avoid
|
Emerald ash borer
| |
|
Tall deciduous tree
|
Bradford pears
|
Pyrus calleryana 'Bradford'
|
Use sparingly
|
Poorly branches, tend to break
| |
|
Tall deciduous tree
|
Black locust
|
Robinia pseudoacacia
|
Avoid
|
Invasive
| |
|
Medium deciduous tree
|
White mulberry
|
Morus alba
|
Avoid
|
Invasive nonnative
|
Serviceberry Amelanchier spp.
American Hornbeam or Musclewood Carpinus aroliniana
Eastern Redbud Cercis canadensis
|
|
Low deciduous tree
|
Purple Sandcherry
|
Prunus x cistena
|
Use sparingly
|
Short-lived
|
Flowering Crabapple Malus spp.
American hazelnut Corylus americana
Japanese Tree Lilac Syringa reticulata
|
|
Tall deciduous shrub
|
Buckthorns
|
Rhamnus cathartica
|
Avoid
|
Invasive, non-native
|
Grey Dogwood Cornus mas
|
|
Tall deciduous shrub
|
Autumn-olive
|
Elaeagnus umbellata
|
Avoid
|
Invasive, non-native
|
Lilacs Syringa spp.
|
|
Tall deciduous shrub
|
Multiflora rose
|
Rosa multiflora
|
Avoid
|
Invasive, non-native
| |
|
Medium deciduous shrub
|
Japanese spirea
|
Spiraea japonica
|
Avoid
|
Invasive (reseed)
|
Red chokeberry Aronia arbutifolia
Black chokeberry Aronia melanocarpa
Redosier dogwood Cornus sericea
Summersweet Clethra Clethra alnifolia
Viburnums Viburnum spp.
|
|
Medium deciduous shrub
|
Burning bush
|
Euonymus alatus
|
Avoid
|
Invasive non-native
| |
|
Medium deciduous shrub
|
Honeysuckle
|
Lonicera spp.
|
Avoid
|
Invasive, non-native
| |
|
Low deciduous shrub
|
Japanese barberry
|
Berberis thunbergii
|
Avoid
|
Invasive; over-planted
|
Dwarf bush honeysuckle Diervilla lonicera
|
|
Tall evergreen tree
|
Austrian pine
|
Pinus nigra
|
Use sparingly
|
Over-planted
|
Norway spruce Picea abies
|
|
Tall evergreen tree
|
Blue spruce
|
Picea pungens
|
Use sparingly
|
Over-planted
|
Canadian hemlock
|
|
Tall evergreen tree
|
White pine
|
Pinus strobus
|
Use sparingly
|
Over-planted
|
Tsuja canadensis
Scotch pine Pinus sylvestris
|
|
Tall evergreen tree
|
White spruce
|
Picea glauca
|
Use Sparingly
|
Over-planted
|
American arborvitae Thuja occidentalis
|
|
NOTES:
| |
|---|---|
|
1
|
Species to use sparingly may be used as part of an overall landscaping
plan, but only if the number of individual plants does not constitute
more than one plant per 20 total plants within the same plant classification.
For example, if a landscaping plan includes a total of 20 tall deciduous
trees, no more than one of those 20 trees may be classified as a "Species
to Use Sparingly." The purpose of this provision is to encourage plant
species diversity throughout the Village.
|
|
2
|
Species to avoid may not be included as part of any landscaping plan that is subject to Village review per § 390-0902B. The purpose of this provision is to limit the planting of species that are invasive, have invasive tendencies, or that may perpetuate or spread disease.
|
A.
Rain gardens and bioswales can serve both as landscaping and stormwater
management features on a building site, where appropriately designed
and sited.
B.
A rain garden is a shallow, depressed garden that is designed and
positioned on a site to capture stormwater runoff and allow for the
infiltration of water back into the ground. Rain garden plants are
carefully chosen for their ability to withstand moisture extremes
and potentially high concentrations of nutrients and sediments that
are often found in stormwater runoff. A well designed and maintained
rain garden serves as an attractive component of an overall landscaping
plan for a development site.
C.
A bioswale is a linear, vegetative stormwater runoff conveyance system
that is designed to store and infiltrate water from small storm events
back into the ground and direct water from heavy rain events to appropriate
storm sewer inlets or other management facilities. The flow of water
being conveyed through a bioswale is slowed down, allowing for municipal
storm systems to more effectively manage heavier rain events and help
reduce the risk of flooding on or off-site. Water being infiltrated
or conveyed via a bioswale is also filtered by the vegetation within
it, generally improving both ground and surface water quality.
D.
The installation of a rain garden or bioswale may contribute to the
overall stormwater management plan for a development site and count
toward meeting the Village's landscaping guidelines in the same manner
indicated in Figure 390-0903 above (20 points for every 20 square
feet), provided the following requirements are met:
(1)
Detailed plans shall be provided that show all proposed dimensions
of the rain garden or bioswale including length, width, depth, and
slope of depression; location of the rain garden or bioswale on the
lot relative to hard-surfaced areas, downspouts, and site topography;
characteristics of the soil underlying the rain garden or bioswale;
description of planting media; the species, number, and size at time
of installation of all vegetation proposed for the rain garden or
bioswale; and information on any other materials (e.g., rocks) that
will be used to line the rain garden or bioswale.
(2)
Installation shall not be proposed for any of the following
areas of a site:
(a)
Areas where there is known soil contamination unless the rain
garden or bioswale is proposed to be constructed with an underdrain;
(b)
Areas where the characteristics of the soil would not allow
for the proper infiltration of water into the ground; or
(c)
Areas where there are expected to be high levels of foot traffic.
(3)
The owner of the site shall demonstrate that the rain garden
or bioswale shall be properly maintained; kept free of trash, weeds,
debris, and dead or dying plants; any pipes associated with the rain
garden or bioswale will be inspected on an annual basis and kept free
of debris; and by the beginning of every spring, dead plant materials
will be cut back or removed.
(4)
Bioswales and rain gardens shall be generously (and appropriately)
vegetated to qualify for landscaping points. Bioswales and rain gardens
(or portions thereof) that are lined with turf and/or rocks but do
not include other vegetation will not count toward meeting landscaping
point requirements.
(5)
Rain gardens and bioswales may serve as a component of an overall stormwater management plan for a site only if detailed plans, calculations, and specifications meeting Chapter 178, Article II, Stormwater Management, of the Village Code are submitted. Detailed plans shall include the location and description of all other stormwater management facilities serving the site, particularly those to which any bioswale will be directed.
A.
Installation. Any and all landscaping and buffer yard material required by the provisions of this chapter shall be installed on the subject property, in accordance with the approved site plan (see § 390-1206) within 365 days of the issuance of an occupancy permit for any building on the subject property, unless a conditional use is approved to allow for greater than 365 days.
B.
Surety.
(1)
If the subject property is to be occupied prior to the installation
of all required landscaping and buffer yard material, the property
owner shall sign an instrument agreeing to install the landscaping
within the 365-day period and shall furnish to the Village an irrevocable
letter of credit or other form of security acceptable to the Village
sufficient to guarantee completion of the work. Such security shall
be provided by the property owner at the time the agreement is signed.
It shall be in an amount equal to 110% of the estimated actual cost
for all of the required elements of the approved site plan and shall
specifically guarantee that all such elements shall be made and installed
according to the approved site plan. The costs of the work shall be
furnished by the property owner and shall be verified by the Village.
The financial security shall remain in force until all of the work
has been completed and approved by the Village. This agreement shall
also contain a statement indicating that the property owner's failure
to comply with the requirements of the terms of the agreement will
constitute a violation of this chapter and subject the property owner
to a forfeiture upon conviction.
(2)
If the required landscaping and buffer yard materials are to
be installed during different phases of a subdivision development,
the developer may furnish for each phase financial security in an
amount sufficient to guarantee completion of the landscaping and buffer
yard work performed during a particular phase, unless the land division
requires otherwise.
(3)
Governmental units to which these guarantee provisions apply
may, in lieu of said contract or instrument of guarantee, file a resolution
or letter from officers authorized to act in its behalf, agreeing
to comply with the provisions of this chapter.
C.
If existing plant material located on the subject property meets
the requirements of this chapter and will be preserved on the subject
property following the completion of development, it may be counted
toward contributing to the landscaping requirements.
D.
All landscaping and buffer yard areas shall be seeded with lawn or
native ground cover unless such vegetation is already fully established.
E.
The exact placement of plants and structures shall be depicted on
the required detailed landscaping plan submitted to the Village for
its approval. Such plant and structure location shall be the decision
of each property owner provided the following requirements are met:
(1)
Evergreen shrubs shall be planted in clusters to maximize their
chance for survival.
(2)
Where a combination of plant materials, berming, and fencing
is used in a buffer yard, the fence and/or berm shall be located toward
the interior of the subject property and the plant material shall
be located toward the exterior of the subject property.
(3)
A property owner may establish through a written agreement,
recorded with the Register of Deeds, that an adjacent property owner
agrees to provide on the immediately adjacent portion of his or her
land a partial or full portion of the required buffer yard, thereby
relieving the developer of the responsibility of providing the entire
buffer yard on his property.
(4)
Under no circumstance shall landscaping or buffer yard materials
be selected or located in a manner resulting in the creation of a
safety or visibility hazard.
(5)
The restrictions on types of plants listed in this chapter shall
apply.
F.
Maintenance. The continual maintenance of all required landscaping
and buffer yard materials shall be a requirement of this chapter and
shall be the responsibility of the owner of the property on which
said materials and plants are required. This requirement shall run
with the property and shall be binding upon all future property owners.
Development of any or all property following the effective date of
this chapter shall constitute an agreement by the property owner to
comply with the provisions of this section. If the property owner
fails to comply with these provisions, the Village may enter upon
the property for the purpose of evaluating and maintaining all required
landscaping and buffer yard materials, and may specially assess the
costs thereof against the property. A property owner's failure to
comply with this requirement shall also be considered a violation
of this chapter, and shall be subject to any and all applicable enforcement
procedures and penalties.
G.
Use of required buffer yard and landscaped areas. Any and all required
buffer yards or landscaped areas may be used for passive recreation
activities. Said areas may contain pedestrian, bike or equestrian
trails, provided that no required material is eliminated; the total
width of the required buffer yard, or the total area of required landscaping,
is maintained; and all other regulations of this chapter are met.
However, in such areas, no swimming pools, tennis courts, sports fields,
golf courses, or other such similar active recreational uses may be
placed. No parking and no outdoor display or storage of materials
shall be permitted in buffer yard or landscaped areas. Paving in such
areas shall be limited to that required for necessary access to, through,
or across the subject property.
H.
Utility easements. Landscaping materials, fences, and berms located
within a duly recorded utility or a pedestrian easement shall not
count toward meeting a landscaping or buffer yard requirement, unless
authorized otherwise by a conditional use permit. However, the width
of such areas may be counted as part of a buffer yard requirement.
In calculating the number of required landscaping points under
the provisions of this article, all areas and distances on which required
calculations are based shall be rounded up to the nearest whole number
of square feet or linear feet. Any partial plant derived from the
required calculations of this section (for example, 23.3 shade trees)
shall be rounded up to the nearest whole plant (24 shade trees).
Any and all proposed landscaping on the subject property, required
to meet the standards of this chapter, shall be clearly depicted and
labeled as to its location and makeup on the site plan required for
the development of the subject property.
