Within each zoning district is contained a section entitled
"regulations" which provides the framework for regulating the spatial
characteristics of building sites, (i.e., yard setbacks, building
heights, lot sizes, etc.) to ensure adequate light, open space, access
and aesthetics. Further criteria that are contained within this article
provide detailed regulations and restrictions in order to protect
neighboring uses from possible adverse impacts associated with a given
use. These criteria are intended to protect the general health, safety
and welfare by limiting where uses may be established, ensuring that
traffic congestion is minimized, controlling the intensity of use
and prescribing other such performance criteria as may be necessary
to meet the defined purposes of this ordinance. Because flexibility
in applying the basic zoning regulations is a primary focus of this
ordinance, a comprehensive performance evaluation process is incorporated
as an alternative to more standard regulations to review proposed
uses on the basis of performance. It is also intended to ensure compatibility
between neighboring, and perhaps dissimilar land uses. The City Manager
may direct the developer in the application of site performance criteria
to a new development to provide for greater creativity and flexibility
in the design and layout of the proposed development.
Several terms are used within the text or tables of this article
that warrant clarification. In addition to the definitions set forth
in Article 2, the following words shall have the meanings hereinafter
set forth.
BASE SITE AREA
A land area determination derived by simple calculation of
gross site area excluding certain specified variables (see table in
§ 18.04:1).
BUFFER YARD
A strip of land, including any specified type and amount
of planting or structures which may be required to protect one type
of land use from another, or minimize or eliminate conflicts between
them.
FLOOR AREA RATIO
An intensity of use measured as a ratio, derived by dividing
the total floor area of the building by the base site area.
IMPERVIOUS SURFACE RATIO
A measure of the intensity of land use which is determined
by dividing the total area of all impervious surfaces (those that
do not absorb water) by the base site area.
LAND USE CLASSES
A hierarchy of certain land use types that require compliance
with specific performance standards as a criteria of their approval
in a given zoning district (see table in § 18.05:1).
OPEN SPACE RATIO
The proportion of a site consisting of required open space
as defined and specified in § 18.04:4 and which shall be calculated
using the base site area. Roads and drives may be located within the
required open space; provided, however, open space land shall not
be occupied by required parking areas.
SUBDIVISION
The partitioning or splitting of a parcel or tract of land
by the proprietor thereof or by his or her heirs, executors, administrators,
legal representatives, successors, or assigns for the purpose of sale,
or lease of more than one year, or of building development that results
in one or more parcels of less than 40 acres or the equivalent, and
that is not exempted from the platting requirements of the Land Division
Act by Sections 108 and 109 (MCL § 560.108, § 560.109).
The terms "subdivide" or "subdivision" do not include a property transfer
between two or more adjacent parcels, if the property taken from one
parcel is added to an adjacent parcel, and any resulting parcel shall
not be considered a building site unless the parcel conforms to the
requirements of the land division act or the requirements of an applicable
local ordinance.
SUBDIVISION, CONVENTIONAL
A subdivision consisting of single-family dwellings on individual
lots with no provisions for clustering of dwelling units, reduction
of lot sizes below the specified lot area, or required community or
neighborhood open space. A conventional subdivision is characterized
by division of the entire subject parcel into individual lots.
SUBDIVISION, PERFORMANCE OR OPEN SPACE
A subdivision that permits the residential builder considerable
freedom in design. It allows adjustments in lot sizes and clustering
of dwelling units to better adjust to the constraints of a site or
of adjoining uses. Further, it ensures adequate open space for the
residents of each such subdivision.
This section contains those basic standards applicable to the
districts' varied uses permitted within this ordinance. The standards
as contained in § 18.04:4 are minimum standards and must be met
by each use as specified. The minimum development/lot area specifies
the minimum lot size for which development may be proposed. The floor
area ratio controls the amount of building floor area permitted per
unit of lot area. Finally, the open space ratio regulates the undeveloped
open space that must be provided per use type in a given district.
18.04:1.
Base site area (how to determine).
(a)
|
Gross site area as determined by legal description, survey or
assessor's records.
|
|
_____ acres
|
(b)
|
Subtract land within rights-of-way of existing roads or utilities
and easements.
|
(-)
|
_____ acres
|
(c)
|
In those instances where mixed uses might be proposed:
|
|
|
|
(1)
|
Subtract land used or proposed for residential use in determining
base site area for nonresidential purposes; or
|
(-)
|
_____ acres
|
|
(2)
|
Subtract land used or proposed for nonresidential use in determining
base site area for residential purposes.
|
|
|
(d)
|
Subtract land required for buffer yard (see § 18.06:2).
|
(-)
|
_____ acres
|
(e)
|
Equals base site area.
|
=
|
_____ acres
|
Example - how to determine base site area of retail business
in the General Commercial District:
|
(a)
|
Gross site area (100 feet x 100 feet).
|
|
10,000 square feet
|
(b)
|
Subtract rights-of-way, roads or easements.
|
|
0
|
(c)
|
Subtract noncontiguous area.
|
|
0
|
(d)
|
Subtract any land proposed for residential purpose.
|
|
0
|
(e)
|
Subtract buffer yard (see diagrams).
|
-
|
2,000 square feet
|
(f)
|
Equals base site area.
|
|
8,000 square feet
|
18.04:2.
Determination of site capacity for all nonresidential uses.
Individual site capacity for institutional, office, commercial and
other nonresidential uses, as denoted in various zoning districts,
is determined as follows:
Example - Retail business in General Commercial District:
|
(a)
|
Take base site area.
|
|
8,000 square feet
|
(b)
|
Multiply by floor area ratio.
|
x
|
0.30
|
(c)
|
Equals permitted floor area.
|
=
|
2,400 square feet
|
(d)
|
Then take base site area.
|
|
8,000 square feet
|
(e)
|
Multiply by open space ratio.
|
x
|
0.30
|
(f)
|
Equals required open space.
|
=
|
2,400 square feet
|
Summary:
|
(a)
|
Gross site area.
|
|
10,000 square feet
|
(b)
|
Buffer yards.
|
(-)
|
2,000 square feet
|
(c)
|
Permitted floor area.
|
(-)
|
2,400 square feet
|
(d)
|
Required open space.
|
(-)
|
2,400 square feet
|
(e)
|
Parking.
|
(-)
|
2,880 square feet*
|
Balance (for drives, parking or other)
|
=
|
320 square feet
|
*2,400 square feet of permitted floor area divided by 150 square
feet = 16 spaces x 180 square feet = 2,880 square feet. (See Article
27, off-street parking)
|
18.04:3.
Determination of site capacity for other residential uses in
R-1, R-2, R-3 and R-4 Districts. The individual site capacity and
total density for two-family residential uses, as permitted in the
R-3 District, and two-family and multifamily residential uses as permitted
in the R-4 District are determined as follows:
Example - Two-bedroom townhouses in the R-4 District:
|
(a)
|
Base site area
|
|
30,000 square feet
|
(b)
|
Multiply by open space ratio
|
x
|
0.30
|
(c)
|
Equals required open space
|
=
|
9,000 square feet
|
(d)
|
Base site area
|
|
30,000 square feet
|
(e)
|
Multiply by floor area ratio
|
x
|
0.50
|
(f)
|
Equals permitted floor area
|
=
|
15,000 square feet
|
(g)
|
Divided by minimum floor area
|
|
720 square feet
|
(h)
|
Maximum density dwelling units
|
=
|
20.80
|
18.04:4.
Table of district performance standards.
Zoning District and Use
|
Minimum Developable Lot Area
|
Maximum Floor Area Ratio
|
Minimum Open Space Ratio
|
---|
R-1 District
|
|
|
|
Performance subd.
|
14,700 square feet
|
0.25
|
0.60
|
Other residential
|
22,000 square feet
|
0.25
|
0.60
|
Institutional
|
1 acre
|
0.20
|
0.80
|
Recreational
|
1 acre
|
0.05
|
0.80
|
Other
|
1 acre
|
0.05
|
0.80
|
R-2 District
|
|
|
|
Performance subd.
|
13,300 square feet
|
0.25
|
0.50
|
Other residential
|
20,000 square feet
|
0.25
|
0.50
|
Institutional
|
1 acre
|
0.25
|
0.60
|
Recreational
|
1 acre
|
0.05
|
0.80
|
Other
|
1 acre
|
0.10
|
0.80
|
R-3 District
|
|
|
|
Performance subd.
|
8,000 square feet
|
0.25
|
0.30
|
Other residential
|
12,000 square feet
|
0.25
|
0.30
|
Institutional
|
12,000 square feet
|
0.30
|
0.30
|
Recreational
|
12,000 square feet
|
0.30
|
0.40
|
Other
|
12,000 square feet
|
0.40
|
0.40
|
This section classifies all land uses permitted by this ordinance
according to their degree of intensity or impact they are likely to
impose on adjacent land uses. All uses within a specific class (§
18.05:1) are considered to have equal impact relative to neighboring
uses. Greater intensity impacts may include increased vehicular or
pedestrian traffic and associated noise and congestion, larger signs,
exterior lighting, more dominating buildings, increased stormwater
runoff associated with larger roof surfaces and parking areas and
other similar factors. The individual zoning district controls whether
or not a specific use can develop on a lot in that district, while
the land use classes are fundamental in determining the level of protection
required. The range of land use classes open to a use does not affect
whether it can locate on its lot, but only how it can develop on that
lot.
Performance standards are specified for each land use class.
A use that exceeds any single standard in a land use class moves that
use to the next higher land use class. In the event that a specified
use does not appear in the next higher land use class, it may not
exceed any single criteria in the land use class in which it is listed.
18.05:1.
Land Use Class Number and General Use Category.
Class I.
|
|
Single-family detached residences
|
|
Two-family dwelling
|
|
ECHO housing
|
|
Open space/conservation use
|
Class II.
|
|
Performance subdivision
|
|
Public/private recreational facilities
|
|
Cemeteries
|
|
Prefabricated housing development
|
|
Mobile home park
|
Class III.
|
|
Religious institutions
|
|
Educational institutions, nursery schools
|
|
Child care, group care facilities
|
|
Multifamily dwellings
|
|
Convalescent homes
|
|
Funeral homes
|
Class IV.
|
|
Offices
|
|
Private clubs, lodges
|
|
Convenience retail establishments
|
|
Hospitals, medical centers
|
Class V.
|
|
General retail establishments
|
|
Service commercial uses
|
|
Research and development uses
|
|
Wholesale and warehousing
|
|
Other industrial uses
|
|
Recreation/amusement businesses
|
18.05:2.
Land use intensity class standards.
The buffer yard is a designated unit of yard or open area together
with any plant materials, barriers or fences required thereon. Both
the amount of land and the type and amount of landscaping specified
are designated to lessen impacts between adjoining land uses. By using
both distance and landscaping, potential nuisances such as noise,
glare, activity, dirt, unsightly parking areas, and so forth, will
be minimized.
The buffer yard requirements must be flexible. A single standard
applied to all circumstances may not function well or might impose
unnecessary hardship (cost) on a developer as well as promote monotony.
As expressed in the following diagram in § 18.06:3, differing
buffer yard requirements are warranted depending upon the characteristics
of the uses involved. It is a further intent of the following provisions
to provide flexibility to the developer or property owner through
the combination of four basic elements: distance, plant material type,
plant material density and structural or land forms.
18.06:1.
Location of buffer yards. Buffer yards shall be located on the
side and rear lot lines of a parcel extending to the lot or parcel
boundary line. Buffer yards shall not extend into or be located within
any portion of an existing street right-of-way (front lot line, or
side lot line on corner lots).
18.06:2.
Determination of buffer yard requirements. To determine the
type of buffer yard required between two adjacent parcels, the following
procedure shall be followed:
(a)
Identify the land use class of the proposed use by referring
to § 18.05:1.
(b)
Identify the land use class of each adjoining use by referring
to § 18.05:1.
(c)
Determine the buffer yard requirements for those side and rear
lot lines or portion thereof, on the subject parcel, by referring
to the table "Buffer yard requirements for adjacent land," in §
18.06:4. Existing plant material or fences may be counted as contributing
to the total buffer yard requirement. The buffer yards specified are
to be provided on each lot or parcel independent of adjoining uses
or adjoining buffer yards.
(d)
When a developed use is proposed adjacent to vacant land, the
owners of the affected properties may submit a contractual agreement
whereby the buffer yard for the developed use is reduced or waived,
provided that the owner of said use agrees to develop at no greater
intensity than the specified land use class, and if additional buffer
is needed at a future point, it will be provided on the vacant land.
(e)
Should a developed use increase in intensity from a given land
use class to a higher one (e.g., Class III to Class IV), the Planning
Commission shall, during the site plan review process determine if
additional buffer yard is needed and, if so, to what extent and type.
(f)
As indicated in sketches, an elevated buffer yard may be required
by construction of a berm. The height, width and length of berm will
be a determination of the Planning Commission on a site plan by site
plan basis.
18.06:3.
Plant materials.
(a)
All plant materials required within the specified buffer yard
shall be planted to completion within six months from date of approval
of the site plan and shall thereafter be properly maintained.
(b)
The following landscape/plant materials are suggested for inclusion
in the required buffer yards:
Type
|
Minimum Allowable Size
|
---|
Deciduous trees
Maple, Oak, Birch, Birch, Linden, Honeylocust, Ash, Ginkgo
|
Minimum eight feet in height or not less than 1 1/2 inches
in caliper
|
Deciduous shrubs (shrublike trees)
Russian Olive, Dogwood, Redbud, Flowering Crab, Hawthorn, Magnolia,
Fruit (Pear, Cherry, Plum, Peach)
|
Minimum six feet in height or not less than one inch in caliper
|
Deciduous shrubs
Honeysuckle, Lilac, Cotoneaster, Forsythia, Euonymous, Hydrangea,
Privet, Sumac
|
|
Evergreen
Pine, Fir, Spruce, Hemlock, Juniper, Yew, Arbor-Vitae
|
Minimum four feet in height
|
18.06:4.
Buffer yard requirements for adjacent land.
Land Use Class
|
Adjacent Existing Land Use Class
|
Adjacent Vacant Land Zoning Districts
|
---|
|
I
|
II
|
III
|
IV
|
V
|
R
|
D
|
L
|
M/H
|
P
|
I
|
*
|
E
|
E
|
E
|
E
|
A
|
E
|
B
|
E
|
A
|
II
|
E
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
D
|
B
|
E
|
C
|
E
|
A
|
III
|
E
|
D
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
D
|
D
|
C
|
E
|
D
|
IV
|
E
|
D
|
C
|
A
|
B
|
E
|
A
|
D
|
A
|
E
|
V
|
E
|
D
|
C
|
B
|
A
|
E
|
A
|
E
|
A
|
E
|
Notes:
|
*
|
No buffer yard required.
|
18.06:5.
Buffer yard type. Illustrations A through E in § 18.06:3
graphically indicate the specifications of each buffer yard. Buffer
yard requirements are stated in terms of the width of the buffer yard
and the number of plant units required per 100 linear feet of buffer
yard. The requirements of a buffer yard may be satisfied by any of
the options indicated (see buffer yard diagrams A, B, C, D, and E).
NOTE: Buffer yard requirements are stated in terms of the width of
the buffer yard and the number of plant units required per 100 linear
feet of buffer yard. The requirements may be satisfied by any of the
options indicated in § 18.06:3 (buffer yard types A — E).
Within this section are specified detailed regulations applicable
to specific land uses. It is felt that standards, above and beyond
those imposed by other sections of this ordinance, are necessary for
certain uses.
18.07:1.
Performance subdivision. A performance subdivision may contain
one or more of the housing development types as specified in this
subsection. All dwelling types shall be single-family or duplex residences,
having approved public sanitary sewer and/or water unless waived by
the Planning Commission and City Council. By complying with stipulated
performance criteria, flexibility in design is encouraged, thereby
promoting lower land development costs, increased open space within
subdivisions and protection of certain natural features. However,
where a conflict arises between the requirements of yard setbacks
and maximum lot coverage, yard setback requirements shall prevail.
(a)
Requirements for performance subdivisions include the following:
(1)
Under the provisions of this section for a performance subdivision,
for each square foot of land gained through the reduction of the lot
size below the minimum requirements for the zoning district in which
it is located, equal amounts of land shall be dedicated to the common
use of lot owners of the subdivision in a manner approved by the Planning
Commission. Such dedicated area shall be retained as undeveloped open
space.
(2)
Where land proposed for usage as a performance subdivision is
immediately contiguous on one or more sides to an existing single-family
detached subdivision of 15 acres or larger in size, the net density
per acre of the performance subdivision shall not exceed the net density
per acre of the contiguous existing subdivision. Contiguity shall
mean having immediate contact along a property line. Properties separated
by public road rights-of-way shall not be considered contiguous.
(b)
In a performance subdivision, the following housing types shall
be allowed:
(1)
Single-family house. This dwelling type consists of a single-family
residence located on a privately owned lot having yard area on all
four sides of the house. The following table specifies the minimum
standards for single-family housing within a performance subdivision
in each zoning district where performance subdivisions are allowed:
|
Zoning Districts (Performance Subdivisions Only)*
|
---|
|
R-1 District
|
R-2 District
|
R-3 District
|
---|
Minimum lot area
|
14,700
|
13,300
|
8,000
|
Minimum lot width
|
100
|
100
|
80
|
Maximum lot coverage (%)
|
25
|
25
|
30
|
Minimum yards
|
|
|
|
|
Front
|
30
|
25
|
20
|
|
Side
|
15
|
10
|
10
|
|
Rear
|
20
|
15
|
15
|
Notes:
|
*
|
In the event of condominium development, acreage net densities
shall be maintained in respective zoning districts, as inferred from
this table.
|
(2)
Lot line house. This dwelling type consists of a single-family
residence located on an individual lot. The dwelling, however, may
be situated on a side lot line provided that:
a.
Exterior windows are prohibited for that portion of the structure
that abuts the lot line;
b.
A five-foot maintenance easement for painting, repair, etc.,
shall be provided for the property owner;
c.
The minimum standards for the single-family house listed above
shall apply except for one side yard; and
d.
The opposite side yard shall be increased by the same number
of feet that is reduced on the side yard in which the dwelling is
located.
(3)
Duplex.
a.
This dwelling type consists of a semidetached single-family
residence located on an individual lot. The dwelling may be attached
to another single-family dwelling at a side lot line through the use
of one or more of the following characteristics:
1. A common party wall through the garage portion of
adjacent structures;
2. An architectural wall detail which does not form
interior room space between any two units; and
3. A common party wall that meets all fire resistance
and sound transmission requirements of the state construction code.
b.
The duplex dwelling shall be typified insofar as possible by
characteristics commonly associated with single-family dwellings in
the City, including the expression of individuality of each dwelling
unit, privacy, and a sense of spaciousness. In addition, the minimum
site standards for the single-family house listed above shall apply.
18.07:2.
Institutional (public or quasi-public) uses or structures. Inasmuch
as the institutional uses (schools, churches, public buildings) permitted
in residential districts may have an adverse effect on residential
properties if not properly located and designed, the following performance
standards must be met prior to development of such uses:
(a)
Hazardous areas must be adequately fenced to avoid accidents;
such areas include public utility substations.
(b)
Any permitted institutional structure with the R-1, R-2 and
R-3 Districts should be located at the edge of the district, preferably
abutting a nonresidential district, or a public open space.
(c)
All permitted institutional uses shall front on a major street
(minor arterial or collector).
(d)
Motor vehicle entrance and exit shall be made on a major street
to avoid the impact of traffic generated by the institutional use
upon the residential area.
(e)
Site locations should be chosen which offer natural or man-made
barriers that would lessen the effect of the intrusion of an institutional
use into an established residential area.
(f)
Institutional uses should not be located so as to cause costly
public improvements.
(g)
Institutional structures shall be located no closer than 50
feet to adjacent property lines.
(h)
Institutional uses and structures shall meet the performance
requirements in §§ 18.04, 18.05 and 18.06.
18.07:3.
Two-family and multifamily dwellings. In addition to the site
requirements for two-family or multifamily uses in the R-4 Multiple-Family
Residential District, the following standards shall be met prior to
development of such uses:
(a)
No multiple-family building designed, erected or used for 10
or more families shall be located closer than 50 feet to any R-1 Rural
Residential, R-2 Suburban Residential, or R-3 Community Residential
Zone. Where Planning Commission studies indicate, adjoining property
will eventually assume similar development as the property in question,
the commission may waive the fifty-foot minimum.
(b)
No single building or connected buildings may exceed 200 feet
in any one dimension. All buildings shall be so arranged as to permit
emergency vehicle access, by some practical means, to all sides.
(c)
Grouped buildings shall be separated by a minimum distance of
25 feet.
(d)
No entrance to a multiple-family structure shall be located
closer than 30 feet to any street intersection, access road, driveway,
or parking area.
18.07:4.
Office, service or convenience commercial structures or uses.
In addition to the site requirements and performance criteria (see
§§ 18.04, 18.05 and 18.06) for office, service or convenience
commercial uses in a specific zoning district, the following standards
shall be met prior to development of such uses:
(a)
Where one or more lot lines abut an existing single-family residential
use, an elevational drawing of the proposed structure shall be submitted
for Planning Commission review and approval. The Planning Commission
may stipulate that such office or commercial structures be constructed
with a residential facade and/or be of a residential scale (mass)
and character.
18.07:5.
Industrial uses. In addition to the site requirements and performance
criteria (see §§ 18.04, 18.05 and 18.06) required for industrial
(manufacturing, warehousing, etc.) uses in the I-1 District, the following
standards of operation shall be met:
(a)
Noise. The intensity level of sounds shall not exceed the following
decibel levels when adjacent to the following types of uses:
In Decibels
|
Adjacent Use
|
Where Measured
|
---|
55 db
|
Residential dwellings
|
Common lot line
|
65 db
|
Commercial
|
Common lot line
|
70 db
|
Industrial and other
|
Common lot line
|
(b)
Vibration. All machinery shall be so mounted and operated as
to prevent transmission of ground vibration exceeding a displacement
of 0.003 of one inch, as measured at the property line.
(c)
Odor/fumes. The emission of noxious, odorous matter in such
quantities as to be readily detectable at any point along lot lines
when diluted in the ratio of one volume of odorous air to four or
more volumes of clean air or as to produce a public nuisance or hazard
beyond the lot lines of the property on which the odor emanates is
prohibited.
(d)
Gases. The escape of or emission of any gas from a building
or appurtenance which is injurious or destructive or explosive shall
be unlawful and may be summarily caused to be abated.
(e)
Glare and heat. Any operation producing intense glare or heat
shall be performed within an enclosure. There shall be no direct or
sky-reflected glare exceeding 1.5 footcandles measured at the property
line of the lot occupied by the use generating the glare. This regulation
shall not apply to lights used at the entrances or exits of service
drives leading to a parking lot.
(f)
Light. Exterior lighting shall be so installed that the surface
of the source of light shall be so arranged as far as practical to
reflect light away from any residential use.
(g)
Electromagnetic radiation. Applicable rules and regulations
of the Federal Communication Commission in regard to propagation of
electromagnetic radiation are hereby made a part of this ordinance.
(h)
Smoke. It shall be unlawful to discharge into the atmosphere
from any single source of emission whatsoever any air contaminator
for a period or periods aggregating more than four minutes in any
one half-hour which is:
(1)
As dark or darker in shade as that designated as No. 2 on the
Ringelmann Chart. The Ringelmann Chart, as published by the United
States Bureau of Mines, which is hereby made a part of this ordinance,
shall be the standard. However, Umbrascope readings of smoke densities
may be used when correlated with the Ringelmann Chart. A Ringelmann
Chart shall be on file in the office of the Zoning Administrator.
(2)
Of such opacity as to obscure an observer's view to a degree
equal to or greater than the smoke described in Subsection (h)(1)
above, except when the emission consists only of water vapor.
(i)
Drifted and blown materials. The drifting or airborne transmission
to areas beyond the lot line of dust, particles, or debris from any
open stockpile shall be unlawful and may be summarily caused to be
abated.
(j)
Radioactive materials. Radioactive materials shall not be emitted
to exceed quantities established as safe by the U.S. Bureau of Standards,
as amended from time to time.
(k)
Liquid or solid waste.
(1)
No industrial operations shall directly discharge industrial
waste of any kind into any existing reservoir, pond or lake. The discharge
of untreated industrial waste into a stream is prohibited. All methods
of sewage and industrial waste treatment and disposal shall be approved
by the county health department and Michigan Department of Environmental
Quality. Effluent from a treatment plant shall at all times comply
with the following standards:
a.
Maximum five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) based on the
maximum biochemical oxygen demand: 15%.
b.
Maximum quantity of effluent: 10% of minimum daily stream flow
which prevails 90% of the time.
c.
Maximum five-day biochemical oxygen demand after dilution (BOD
of effluent multiplied by quantity of effluent divided by quantity
of stream flow): four parts per million.
d.
Maximum total solids: 5,000 parts per million.
e.
Maximum phenol: five parts per billion.
(2)
No effluent shall contain any other acids, oils, dust, toxic
metals, corrosives or other toxic substance in solution or suspension
which would create odors, or discolor, poison or otherwise pollute
the stream in any way.
(l)
Fire and explosion hazards. All activities shall be carried
on only in the buildings classified as fireproof by the state construction
code, and the operation shall be carried on in such a manner and with
such precaution against fire and explosion hazards as to produce no
explosion hazards, as determined by the Michigan Department of Labor
and Economic Growth, to a use on an adjacent property. All raw materials,
fuels and finished products shall be stored within an entirely enclosed
building. Flammable liquids other than fuels used for heating shall
be stored in an entirely enclosed building, which shall be used for
no other purposes, or in underground tanks, provided:
(1)
The storage building is not closer than 100 feet to any building
occupied by one or more person.
(2)
The storage of more than 250 gallons of flammable liquid in
said storage building is prohibited. Every factory or manufacturing
building or other buildings permitted only in the industrial area
shall be equipped with automatic sprinklers or other automatic fire
extinguishers approved by the Building Inspector and the chief of
the fire department as being sufficient in view of the nature and
extent of the fire risks.