A. 
It is Cannon Township's objective that all public water systems located in Cannon Township provide fire protection and a continuous and reliable supply of safe drinking water to public water system customers. To meet this objective, Cannon Township hereby adopts uniform design and construction standards for all public water systems constructed in Cannon Township as set forth in §§ 431-4 through 431-6 herein.
B. 
These uniform design and construction standards will ensure the long-term integrity and compatibility of public water systems in Cannon Township by requiring the application of uniform standards to all systems.
C. 
These uniform design and construction standards will benefit Township residents served by public water systems by helping to assure a continuous and reliable supply of safe drinking water, improve fire protection, lower fire insurance rates and, in general, encourage water system reliability and financial integrity.
D. 
These uniform design and construction standards will benefit all Township residents as a tool to assist the Township in anticipating and planning for the demand for public water in the Township, as and when appropriate.
A. 
The Township Board, the Township Planning Commission, the Township Engineer and the Township Fire Chief shall apply the uniform design and construction standards as the basis of review and approval of all proposed public water supply systems when acting under the authority of any Township ordinance, including, but not limited to, Chapter 450, Zoning, Chapter 275, Land Division and Subdivision, Article I, Subdivision of Land, this Part 1 and Chapter 227, Fire Prevention and Protection, Article I, Adoption of Standards, all as amended from time to time.
B. 
To ensure consistent application of the uniform design and construction standards, the Township Board shall adopt the uniform design and construction standards by reference in all Township ordinances approving developments served by public water supply systems, though the standards shall nevertheless apply, according to their terms, whether or not such reference is made.
C. 
The Township Board may, however, grant exceptions to the uniform design and construction standards in accordance with § 431-7 herein.
A. 
Cannon Township adopts the following documents and standards to provide uniform requirements for the design, construction and approval of public water supply systems in Cannon Township:
(1) 
The General and Specific Standards for Public Water Systems in Cannon Township, Michigan, as set forth in §§ 431-5 and 431-6 herein.
(2) 
Standard Construction Specifications of the Kent County Department of Public Works.
B. 
These uniform design and construction standards define the guidelines for review and approval of proposed public water supply systems, define design standards for system capacities, and specify acceptable water system component materials and installation criteria.
The following regulations, standards and guidelines define the general design criteria to be adhered to for all public water supply systems in Cannon Township:
A. 
Safe Drinking Water Act, Act 399 PA 1976,[1] as administered by the Michigan Department of Public Health (MDPH).
[1]
Editor's Note: See MCL 325.1001 et seq.
B. 
Suggested Practice for Waterworks Design, Construction and Operation in accordance with the Safe Drinking Water Act prepared by the MDPH.
C. 
Standards of the American Water Works Association.
D. 
Standards of the American Society of Testing and Materials.
E. 
Standards of the American National Standards Institute.
F. 
Fire Insurance Rating Guidelines of the Insurance Services Offices (ISO).
In addition to the general standards stated above, Cannon Township adopts the following specific design standards for public water supply systems in Cannon Township:
A. 
All public water systems in Cannon Township shall be capable of supplying water for fire protection, in addition to peak domestic demands. Needed fire flow shall be based on criteria established by ISO.
B. 
All public water systems in Cannon Township shall be designed considering the ultimate development of the system service area. The system supply rate shall be based on a study of projected water use acceptable to Cannon Township and the MDPH. If the public water system is proposed to be built in phases by a developer, the developer shall provide Cannon Township with a letter of credit for the cost of the construction of future phases of the public water system in the manner required by Township ordinance or a written agreement between the Township and the developer.
C. 
An updated reliability study, as defined by the Safe Drinking Water Act[1] and approved by the MDPH, shall be provided with all requests for proposed extensions of existing public water systems in Cannon Township.
[1]
Editor's Note: See MCL 325.1001 et seq.
D. 
All public water systems in Cannon Township shall include looped water mains to ensure a reliable and continuous supply to all customers. Dead-end mains shall be prohibited unless adequate provisions are made for future looping connections.
(1) 
A dead-end main shall not be permitted to exist for a period greater than 24 months after construction, unless a longer time period is approved by the Township Board. The Township Board may approve a longer time period only if the owner or operator of the public water system demonstrates that the following criteria have been satisfied:
(a) 
Strict enforcement of the twenty-four-month period would involve practical difficulties or would cause undue hardship;
(b) 
A longer period of time would be consistent with the spirit and intent of these uniform standards; and
(c) 
A longer period of time would not materially diminish the public health, safety and welfare.
(2) 
A temporary dead-end main shall not be permitted if that portion of the main is designed to serve nine or more residential units, unless a greater number of residential units is approved by the Township Board. The Township Board may approve a temporary dead-end main for a greater number of residential units only if the owner or operator of the public water system demonstrates that the following criteria have been satisfied:
(a) 
Strict enforcement of the eight-unit maximum would involve practical difficulties or would cause undue hardship;
(b) 
Allowing a greater number of units would be consistent with the spirit and intent of these uniform standards; and
(c) 
Allowing a greater number of units would not materially diminish the public health, safety and welfare.
E. 
All public water systems in Cannon Township which do not include elevated water storage shall include a standby power supply which will allow for an uninterrupted supply of water to all system customers.
F. 
All distribution and transmission mains shall be properly sized, based on a design using computer modeling to verify anticipated system performance.
G. 
Any standard for public water systems defined by Cannon Township shall take precedence over the Standard Construction Specifications of the Kent County Department of Public Works when a conflict exists. Whenever there is a conflict between the general standards referred to above and the specific design criteria adopted by Cannon Township, the most stringent requirement shall be applied.
H. 
The following specific standards shall apply to the design and construction of all public water systems in Cannon Township:
(1) 
Eight-inch minimum water main size.
(2) 
Six-inch minimum fire hydrant lead size.
(3) 
Ductile iron pipe shall be Class 52.
(4) 
400-foot maximum distance between fire hydrants.
(5) 
Fire hydrant pumper connection shall be in accordance with City of Grand Rapids Standard Detail W-12.
I. 
Any request for an extension to an existing public water system or for a new public water system shall be reviewed for Cannon Township by its Township Engineer and Township Fire Chief and, in addition, by the affected water system superintendents, prior to any submittal to the MDPH for a construction permit, which review is subject to final approval by the Township Board and/or Planning Commission in accordance with all applicable Township ordinances.
J. 
All well houses, well sites and water storage facilities for public water systems in Cannon Township shall have paved access roads, security fences and alarm systems acceptable to Cannon Township.
K. 
All groundwater supplies shall be protected from pollution by adequate wellhead protection and site isolation from potential pollution sources.
A. 
The Township Board shall have the authority and discretion to grant exemptions to certain or all of the requirements of the uniform design and construction standards, but only in the following circumstances:
(1) 
The public water supply system serves all residential dwelling units in a single residential development, and that residential development contains or is designed to contain less than 20 residential dwelling units; or
(2) 
The public water supply system will serve 1/2 or less of the residential dwelling units in a single residential development containing or designed to contain from one to 50 residential dwelling units; or
(3) 
The public water supply system will serve 1/3 or less of the residential dwelling units in a single residential development containing or designed to contain from 51 to 100 residential dwelling units.
B. 
No exceptions shall be granted to a public water supply system which serves a residential development containing or designed to contain greater than 100 residential dwelling units, or to a public water supply system serving or designed to serve more than one residential development.
C. 
An exception to the uniform design and construction standards granted under this section does not relieve the public water supply system or the residential development from complying with the requirements of and obtaining all needed approvals pursuant to all other applicable Township ordinances, rules and regulations, and other applicable regulations or requirements of law.
A. 
MPSC jurisdiction. Cannon Township acknowledges that the rates and charges imposed for the connection and use of privately owned public water systems which serve 75 or more customers, together with the cost of constructing improvements and extensions to such systems and the general operation thereof, are matters regulated by the Michigan Public Service Commission (MPSC).
B. 
Adoption of MPSC Capital Financing Policy. The Township supports the MPSC policy that the capital financing of new privately owned public water systems and the extensions of existing privately owned public water systems be paid for by the project developer as an equitable approach to avoid undue or unanticipated financial burdens being placed on system customers. The Township shall apply this policy to all privately owned public water systems, regardless of size.
C. 
Customer responsibility. It is understood by Cannon Township that system customers may, through increased rates or charges, ultimately have to pay for certain costs of improving water systems to comply with changing regulatory requirements in the event the project developer is no longer involved with the project or is financially unable to meet its obligations.
These uniform standards specified in Article II cover and apply only to those public water supply systems in the Township that were placed in operation on or after December 23, 1991. In addition, these uniform standards cover and apply to all extensions or modifications made to an existing public water system on or after December 23, 1991, irrespective of whether the original water system was placed in operation before December 23, 1991.