The regulations of this article are intended to help ensure the provision of off-street motor vehicle parking facilities, bicycle parking, and other motorized and nonmotorized transportation circulation facilities in rough proportion to the generalized demands of different land uses. More specifically, to ensure enough on-site parking that, in conjunction with other public and private implemented supply management measures, provides for an appropriate balance between motorized and nonmotorized access to St. Michael's residences and businesses. The provisions of this article are also intended to help protect the public health, safety, and general welfare by:
A. 
Promoting multi-modal transportation options and enhanced safety and convenience for nonmotorized travel; and
B. 
Providing flexible methods of responding to the transportation and access demands of various land uses in different areas of the Town.
A. 
Definitions and general principles. In this chapter, the following terms have the meanings indicated:
CREDITED PARKING SPACES
The total number of on-site parking spaces that a lot is credited with having. Credited parking spaces for a lot in the CC, MC, SLC, and HR Districts consist of existing on-site parking spaces.
ON-SITE PARKING REQUIREMENT OF A LOT
The minimum number of credited parking spaces that a lot must have, based on the structure(s) and use(s) located on the lot, according to the requirements of § 340-146.
ON-SITE PARKING SPACE
A parking space located on the lot which is existing and which is constructed and maintained in conformity with the specifications of § 340-153.
ST. MICHAELS BUSINESS IMPROVEMENT FUND
A fund created by The Town Commissioners for the purposes as stated below. Monies collected and deposited within this fund are generated by commercial businesses when the expansion of such businesses results in the loss of on-site parking spaces. The funds shall be used for:
(1) 
The purchase of land for public parking lots;
(2) 
The construction of public on-site parking lots;
(3) 
The repair and maintenance of public parking lots; or
(4) 
The purchase and/or placement of amenities such as benches, trash receptacles, signage relating to parking and rest rooms in such public parking lots.
(5) 
Funding parking management studies.
(6) 
The owner of a lot is the person responsible for meeting the lot's on-site parking requirement.[1]
[1]
Editor's Note: Former Subsections B and C, regarding on-site parking requirements and parking spaces requirements, respectively, which immediately followed, was repealed 9-7-2021 by Ord. No. 527.
[Amended 9-7-2021 by Ord. No. 527[1]]
A. 
Except as otherwise expressly stated, off-street or on-site motor vehicle parking spaces must be provided in accordance with Table 146A Minimum Parking Requirements.
Table 146A Minimum Parking Requirements
Categories, Subcategories, Specific Uses
Required Parking Spaces
AGRICULTURE
Agriculture, crop production
Per § 340-147
Agriculture, buildings, and structures
Per § 340-147
Indoor plant cultivation
Per § 340-147
Plant nursery, commercial and noncommercial nurseries and greenhouses
Per § 340-147
Fisheries activities, aquaculture
Per § 340-147
Forestry
Per § 340-147
RESIDENTIAL
Household Living
Single-family detached dwelling
2 spaces per dwelling unit
Duplex dwelling
2 spaces per dwelling unit
Townhouse dwelling
2 spaces per dwelling unit
Multifamily dwelling
1.5 spaces per dwelling unit
Accessory dwelling unit
1 space
Mixed-use building
Parking required for each use
Group Living
Group domiciliary care home
1 space per 4 residents, plus 1 space per employee
Sheltered care
1 space per 4 residents, plus 1 space per employee
Continuing care retirement communities/assisted living/nursing home
0.5 space per bed or 1 space per bedroom, whichever is greater plus 0.5 space per employee
Treatment center
1 space per 4 residents, plus 1 space per employee
PUBLIC, CIVIC AND INSTITUTIONAL
Cemetery
Per § 340-147
College or university
Per § 340-147
Trade schools, art schools, and similar commercially operated schools
0.33 per student, plus 1 per staff
Community center
1 space per 100 square feet of gross floor area
Fraternal organization
1 space per 400 square feet
Governmental facilities
2.5 parking spaces per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area; minimum spaces: 3
Hospital
1 parking space per 2 beds for patients, plus 1 space for each staff doctor or nurse, plus 1 parking space for each employee on the largest shift
Library
2 spaces per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area
Parks and recreation
1 space per 4 visitors/users estimated peak service
Museum or cultural facility
1 space for per 300 square feet of gross floor area
Maritime museum
1 space for per 400 square feet of gross floor area
Religious assembly
1 space for every 4 seats
Safety service
Fire and rescue
4 spaces for each piece of apparatus
Police
2 spaces per 3 employees, plus 1 space per vehicle customarily used in operations of the use or stored on the premises
Schools
Elementary/middle
1 parking space for each classroom, plus 1 parking space for each employee or 1 space for each 3 auditorium seats, whichever is greater
High
10 spaces, plus 1 space per classroom, plus 1 space per 5 students or 1 space per 10 seats of the largest assembly room, whichever is larger
Utilities and public service facility
1 stall per 300 square feet of gross floor area, plus 1 stall for each company vehicle
COMMERCIAL
Adult entertainment establishments
1 space per 2 occupants per the allowable occupancy as established by Fire Code, 1 space per employee or independent contractor on the maximum shift
Animal service, grooming, boarding or shelter/kennel, veterinary care
1 space per 400 square feet of gross floor area
Stables, commercial
1 space for each employee, plus 1 space for each 4 stalls
Assembly and Entertainment
1 parking space per 200 square feet of gross floor area or 1 space per maximum capacity as required by the Fire Code, whichever is greater
Bowling alleys
1 parking space per 200 square feet of gross floor area or 5 parking spaces for each alley whichever is greater
Temporary fairs and carnivals
As per Chapter 250, Public Events
Broadcast or Recording Studio
1 space per 300 square feet of gross floor area
Commercial Service
Building service
1 space per vehicle, plus 1 space per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area
Business Support Service
1 space per 300 square feet of gross floor area
Personal Improvement Service
1 space per 200 square feet of gross floor area plus 1 space per employee
Marine Service
1 per 10 slips, plus 1 for each employee, plus 1 per 500 square feet of retail floor area
Day Care (residential)
1 space per 6 children, plus the spaces required for the dwelling unit
Day-Care Center
1 per employee, plus 1 per 10 children
Eating and Drinking Establishments
Restaurants, standard, restaurants, carryout/drive-in, café/coffee house
1 space per 250 square feet of gross floor area plus 1 space per 4 seats available for outdoor dining
Restaurants, fast food
1 space per 75 square feet of customer service or dining area; or 1 space per 200 square feet of gross floor area if no customer service or dining area
Financial Service
1 space per 250 square feet of gross floor area
Funeral and Mortuary Service
Funeral homes
1 per 1/3 maximum of the building capacity as required by the Fire Code
Lodging
Bed-and-breakfast (B&B)
1 space per bed-and-breakfast guest unit, plus required parking spaces for resident family and 1 per employee
Hotel, motel
1.5 spaces per sleeping room
Conference center/hotel
1 per 3 persons maximum occupancy as required by the Fire Code for the conference center use, plus 1.5 spaces per sleeping room
Vacation cottages
2 spaces
Short-term rentals
1 space for each bedroom
Office, business, professional
1 space per 400 square feet of gross floor area
Medical, dental and health practitioner
1 space per 250 square feet of gross floor area
Retail sales convenience goods, consumer shopping goods, building supplies and equipment
1 space per 250 square feet of gross floor area
Self-service storage facility
Per § 340-147
Studio, instructional or service
1 space per 300 square feet of gross floor area
Vehicle Sales and Service
Commercial vehicle repair and maintenance
1 space per 175 square feet of the gross floor area of the principal use, including service bays and retail areas
Car wash
None
Commercial vehicle sales and rentals
3 per 1,000 square feet, plus 1 per 2,500 square feet of outdoor display
Fueling station/convenience/mini mart
1 space per pump island, plus 1 space per service bay, plus 1 for every 3 seats of on-site seating, plus 3 spaces per 1,000 square feet of gross retail sales area
Personal vehicle repair and maintenance
2 spaces per service bay, 1 space for each vehicle stored on the site overnight, 1 space for each employee
Personal vehicle sales
1 space per 300 square feet of gross floor area, plus 1 space per 4,500 square feet of outdoor sales per display
Personal vehicle rentals
1 per 400 square feet, plus 1 per rental vehicle
Vehicle body and paint finishing shop
3 for each service bay plus 1 space per vehicle used in the conduct of the business plus 1 per employee
WHOLESALE, DISTRIBUTION AND STORAGE USE CATEGORY
Equipment and Materials Storage, Outdoor
Contractor's shop
1 space per 300 square feet of the gross floor area of the office, sales, or display area over 4,000 square feet (minimum of 4 spaces), plus 1 space per 5,000 square feet of storage area
Trucking and transportation terminal
1 per 275 square feet of office and 2 spaces for each company vehicle operating from the premises
Warehouse
2 spaces per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area
Wholesale Sales and Distribution
1 space per 500 square feet of gross floor area
INDUSTRIAL USE CATEGORY
Micro producers
1 space per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area
Artisan industrial
1 space per 600 square feet of gross floor area
Manufacturing or assembling
1 space per employee
RECYCLING USE CATEGORY
Recyclable material dropoff facility
1 per recycle collection container
B. 
Flexibility in administration required.
(1) 
The Town recognizes that, due to the particularities of any given development, the strict application of the parking standards set forth herein may result in development with parking exceeding a permitted use's needs. The Planning Commission may reduce the required parking if one or more of the following conditions apply, and the applicant can demonstrate to the Planning Commission via plans, studies or other data that such conditions better reflect the actual parking demand:
(a) 
Residential development is deed-restricted to residents 55 years of age or older.
(b) 
The permitted use has most of its occupants not of driving age.
(c) 
The development is in the CC Central Commercial District, WD Waterfront Development District, MM Maritime Museum District, GC Gateway Commercial District, MC Maritime Commercial District, or the HR Historic Redevelopment District.
(d) 
On-street parking is in front of the property.
(e) 
A public parking lot is located within 300 feet of the lot.
(2) 
Whenever the Planning Commission allows or requires a deviation from the parking requirements set forth herein, it shall enter on the face of the zoning certificate and/or site plan the parking requirement that it imposes and the reasons for allowing or requiring the deviation.
(3) 
If the Planning Commission concludes, based upon information it receives in consideration of a specific development proposal, that the presumption established by § 340-146 for a particular use classification is erroneous, it shall initiate a request for an amendment to the Table of Parking Requirements. In making this determination, the Planning Commission may recommend the revised minimum parking requirement is assigned to a newly defined subcategory of a category of uses, e.g., real estate office as a subcategory of the office category.
C. 
Imposition and fulfillment of on-site parking requirements.
(1) 
Enlargements, expansions, and replacements.
(a) 
Unless otherwise expressly stated, the parking regulations of this article apply whenever an existing building or use is enlarged, expanded, or replaced, resulting in additional dwelling units, floor area, seating capacity, employees, or another unit of measurement used for establishing off-street parking requirements.
(b) 
Additional parking spaces are required only to serve the parking demand resulting from the added dwelling units, floor area, seating capacity, employees, or another unit of measurement used for establishing off-street parking requirements. In other words, there is no requirement to address a lawful, existing parking deficit.
(2) 
Change of use. When the use or occupancy of property changes, additional off-street parking, and loading facilities must be provided to serve the new use or occupancy only when the number of parking or loading spaces required for the new use or occupancy exceeds the number of spaces required for the use that most recently occupied the building, based on the standards of this chapter. In other words, "credit" is given to the most recent lawful use of the property for the number of parking spaces that would be required under this chapter, regardless of whether such spaces are provided. A new use is not required to address a lawful, existing parking deficit.
(3) 
Existing parking and loading areas. Existing off-street parking and loading areas may not be eliminated, reduced, or modified below the minimum requirements of this article.
(4) 
The following regulations shall apply to the A, R-1, R-2, R-3, WD, GC, MC, MM, RG, and PF Districts:
(a) 
No lot shall be developed, nor any structure thereon erected, structurally altered, or enlarged, nor any use thereon established, altered, added, expanded, intensified, or otherwise changed, unless the on-site parking requirement of the lot, as so developed and used, is met.
(b) 
On-site parking spaces shall meet the parking requirement of a lot. For lots in the R-1 or R-2 Districts, if the configuration of a nonconforming lot prohibits the construction of a driveway, on-street parking shall be permissible.
(c) 
In the case of a lot whose on-site parking is not constructed in conformity with the specifications of § 340-153, and the owner's/tenant desires to expand the footprint of the structure or encompass an area outside the building; the applicant shall be responsible for furnishing a site plan showing the footprint of the structure and the location and number of parking spaces which could legally be established on the lot. The site plan shall also show any proposed expansion or utilization of outdoor spaces. The proposed expansion shall not result in encroachment on those parking spaces, as shown on the site plan.
(5) 
The following regulations shall apply to the CC, MC, SLC, and HR Districts:
(a) 
New construction. Except as provided in Subsection (5)(b), (c), and (d), no lot shall be developed, nor any structure erected thereon, unless the on-site parking requirement of the lot, as so developed and used, is met.
(b) 
Pre-existing structures. Any use permitted by this chapter in the applicable zoning district may be continued, altered, changed, established, expanded, decreased, and/or re-expanded without meeting the current on-site parking requirements and provided there is no loss of existing on-site parking spaces, and if the Planning Commission determines that the change does not significantly increase parking demand for the use; and payment is made into the St. Michaels Business Improvement Fund.
(c) 
Expansion of use in the CC and HR Districts. No use shall be expanded, intensified, or otherwise changed, resulting in the loss of existing on-site parking spaces.
(d) 
Payment into the St. Michaels Business Improvement Fund. Monies received from the payment of this fee shall be placed into an account used specifically for the construction, maintenance, and upgrades to public parking lots and parking management studies. Before issuing a building permit or zoning certificate, the property owner shall enter into an agreement setting forth the fee and repayment schedule as set out in the administrative fee as adopted by the Town Commissioners.
D. 
Determining the minimum number of on-site parking spaces required.
(1) 
In determining the on-site parking requirement of a lot according to its use, all buildings and structures that house functions of the use (e.g., outdoor walk-in coolers and other walk-in storage structures) shall be included.
(2) 
Unless otherwise expressly allowed under the shared parking regulations of § 340-148, lots containing more than one permitted use must provide parking in an amount equal to the total requirements for all uses on the lot.
(a) 
In determining the parking requirement of a lot with multiple uses, no floor area shall be counted more than once.
(b) 
None of a lot's multiple uses shall be excluded from access to the lot's on-site parking spaces.
(3) 
Should a fraction of a parking space result from computing parking or loading space requirements, a fraction of less than 50% shall be rounded down; a fraction of 50% or more shall be rounded up to require a full space.
(4) 
Requirements involving the number of workers shall be based on the largest number of workers on duty at the same time regularly.
[1]
Editor's Note: This ordinance also changed the section title from "Minimum required parking ratios" to "Minimum required parking requirements."
A. 
The Planning Commission is authorized to establish required minimum off-street parking ratios for unlisted uses and in those instances where the authority to establish a requirement is expressly granted.
B. 
Such ratios may be established based on a similar use/parking determination (as described in § 340-146 on parking data provided by the applicant or information otherwise available to the Planning Commission.
C. 
Parking data and studies must include estimates of parking demand based on reliable data collected from comparable uses or on external data from credible research organizations (e.g., Institute of Transportation Engineers, Urban Land Institute, or American Planning Association). Comparability will be determined by density, scale, bulk, area, type of activity, and location. Parking studies must document the source of all data used to develop the recommended requirements.
A. 
Applicability. Shared parking facilities are allowed for mixed-use projects and uses with different periods of peak parking demand, subject to approval by the Planning Commission. Required residential parking for a detached single-family detached dwelling, duplex dwelling, and townhouses and accessible parking spaces (for persons with disabilities) may not be shared and must be located on site.
B. 
Methodology. The number of parking spaces required under a shared parking arrangement shall be approved by the Planning Commission and shall be determined by the following calculations:
(1) 
Multiply the minimum parking required for each permitted use, as outlined in § 340-146 by the percentage identified for each of the six designated periods in Table 148B.
(2) 
Add the resulting sums for each of the six columns.
(3) 
The minimum shared parking requirement is the highest sum among the six columns resulting from the above calculations.
(4) 
Select the period with the highest total parking requirement and use that total as the shared parking requirement.
Table 148B Shared Parking Calculation Guidelines
Weekday
Weekend
Land Use
12:00 Midnight 7:00 a.m.
7:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.
6:00 p.m. to 12:00 Midnight
12:00 Midnight to 7:00 a.m.
7:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.
6:00 p.m. to 12:00 Midnight
Office and industrial
5%
100%
10%
0%
60%
5%
Lodging
100%
60%
90%
100%
65%
80%
Eating and drinking
50%
70%
100%
45%
70%
100%
Religious assembly
0%
10%
30%
0%
100%
30%
Assembly and entertainment
10%
50%
100%
5%
80%
100%
Retail and commercial service
5%
70%
90%
0%
100%
60%
Multifamily residential
100%
60%
100%
100%
80%
100%
C. 
Other uses. If one or more of the land use proposing to make use of shared parking arrangement do not conform to the land use classifications in Table 148B, as determined by the Zoning Inspector, then the applicant must submit sufficient data to indicate the principal operating hours of the uses. The Zoning Administrator or his or her designee is authorized to determine the appropriate shared parking requirement, if any, for such uses based upon this information.
D. 
Alternative methodology. As an alternative to the shared parking methodology in § 148B, the Zoning Inspector is authorized to approve shared parking calculations based on the latest edition of the Urban Land Institute's or the Institute of Transportation Engineer's shared parking model or based on studies prepared by professional transportation planner or traffic engineer. The shared parking analysis must demonstrate that the peak parking demands of the subject permitted uses are at different times and that the parking area will be large enough for the anticipated demands of both uses.
E. 
Location. Shared parking may be located on site or off site. Off-site parking is subject to the regulations of § 340-149.
A. 
General. Except as otherwise expressly stated, required off-street parking spaces must be located on the same lot and under the same control as the building or use they are required to serve.
B. 
Setbacks. Except as otherwise expressly stated, off-street parking areas are subject to the principal building setbacks of the subject zoning district.
(1) 
Off-street parking spaces accessory to a single-family detached dwelling, townhouse, or duplex dwelling may be in any driveway.
(2) 
Nonresidential parking areas shall be located at least 10 feet from every street line and from every residential lot line.
C. 
Off-site parking.
(1) 
When allowed. All or a portion of required off-street parking for nonresidential use may be provided off-site, in accordance with the regulations of this section. Required accessible parking spaces and parking required for residential uses may not be located off site.
(2) 
Location. Off-site parking areas must be located within a 500-foot radius of the use served by such parking, measured between the entrance of the use to be served and the outer perimeter of the farthest parking space within the off-site parking lot. Off-site parking lots are allowed only in zoning districts that permit the principal use to be served by the off-site parking spaces unless approved as a special exception (see Figure 149-1).
Figure 149-1 Off-Site Parking Location
(3) 
Design. Off-site parking areas must comply with all applicable parking area design and parking lot landscape regulations of this zoning chapter.
(4) 
Control of off-site parking area. The property to be occupied by the off-site parking facilities must be under the same ownership as the lot containing the use to be served by the parking. The off-site parking area may be under separate ownership only if an agreement is provided, in a form approved by the Town Attorney, guaranteeing the long-term availability of the parking, commensurate with the use served by the parking. Off-site parking privileges will continue in effect only if the agreement, binding on all parties, remains in force. If an off-site parking agreement lapses or is no longer valid, then parking must be provided as otherwise required by this article.
A. 
Off-street parking facilities may not be used for the parking of vehicles to display the same for sale unless the principal use of the property on which the parking facility is located is the site of a business that sells or leases vehicles. This provision is not intended to prohibit an owner or occupant of residentially zoned property from displaying vehicles for sale on the property's off-street parking facilities provided the vehicle is owned by the owner or occupant of the residential property. Except for flagrant or repeated violations, the Town will endeavor to obtain voluntary compliance with the restrictions on displaying cars for sale before the initiation of enforcement proceedings.
B. 
No vehicle repair or service of any kind shall be permitted in conjunction with off-street parking facilities in a residential or business zoning district, except for minor repairs or service on vehicles owned by an occupant or resident of the premises. The sale of gasoline and motor oil in conjunction with off-street parking facilities is not permitted in any residential zoning district.
A. 
Not more than one recreational vehicle and one piece of recreational equipment or utility trailer may be parked or stored in the rear or side yard of any lot in a residential zoning district unless otherwise approved by the Planning Commission. For this provision, one piece of recreational equipment is equal to a single nonmotor vehicle with no more than one watercraft, personal watercraft, or specialty prop-crafts. Recreational vehicles, recreational equipment, and utility trailers may not be parked or stored in a required front yard except that one recreational vehicle, recreational equipment, and utility trailers may be parked in the front yard if located on a driveway.
B. 
Seasonal parking of boats on trailers in the front yard is permitted for a period not to exceed six months yearly with prior approval of the Zoning Inspector.
C. 
Recreational vehicles, recreational equipment, and utility trailers stored or parked in residential zoning districts must be owned by the owner or occupant of the subject property.
D. 
The recreational vehicle, recreational equipment, or utility trailer must be properly licensed. Major recreational equipment or utility trailers must be properly licensed and ready for highway use.
E. 
No recreational vehicle, equipment, or utility trailer may have its wheels removed or be affixed to the ground to prevent its immediate removal.
F. 
No parked or stored recreational vehicle may be used for living, sleeping, or business purposes.
G. 
Unregistered vehicles parked on a property shall conform to the provisions of Chapter 191, Housing Standards, of the Town Code. They shall not be parked in a required front yard setback or closer to the lot front than the principal structure, whichever is more restrictive.
A. 
It shall be unlawful for an owner or person in control of any commercial vehicle to park, store, or keep such vehicle(s) on any public street, avenue, alley, or another thoroughfare, or right-of-way in an R-1, R-2, or R-3 District or on that portion of a street abutting an R-1, R-2, or R-3 District for a period over one hour unless engaged in legitimate loading or unloading activities, or while engaged in the provisions of goods or services to an abutting property owner or tenant in such districts.
B. 
Alternative Off-street parking, commercial vehicles. Off-street parking and storage of a commercial vehicle are prohibited in the R-1, R-2, and R-3 Districts except as provided in Subsection B(1) below.
(1) 
A commercial vehicle parked in an enclosed garage is permitted in a residential district. One commercial vehicle less than seven feet tall or 27 feet long may be parked on a lot in a residential district provided the vehicle is in an enclosed garage, accessory building, driveway, or rear yard. Any sign graphic, either attached or painted on the vehicle that exceeds 10 square feet in area, shall be screened from public view by a fence or landscaping.
(2) 
The provisions of this subsection shall not apply to any motor vehicle, trailer, or truck parked or left standing for loading or unloading persons or property, provided such parking or standing shall not extend beyond the time necessary for the loading or unloading.
A. 
Each on-site parking space shall be located on the lot toward whose minimum on-site parking requirement it is intended to apply. Except in the case of single-family or duplex dwellings, each on-site parking space shall have the minimum dimensions specified herein and shall have direct access from the maneuvering aisle. The maneuvering aisle for entering and exiting a parking space shall be in addition to the area of the parking space itself and shall have at least the width specified herein.
(1) 
Parking space at an angle of 90° to the curb and maneuvering aisle. Each parking space shall be a rectangular area at least 8.5 feet wide perpendicular to the parking angle and 18 feet long. The maneuvering aisle shall be at least 24 feet wide.
(2) 
Parking space at an angle of 60° to the curb and maneuvering aisle. Each parking space shall be a rectangular area at least 8.5 feet wide perpendicular to the parking angle and at least 18 feet long. The maneuvering aisle shall be at least 18 feet wide.
(3) 
Parking space at an angle of 45° to the curb and maneuvering aisle. Each parking space shall be a rectangular area at least 8.5 feet wide perpendicular to the parking angle and at least 18 feet long. The maneuvering aisle shall be at least 15 feet wide.
(4) 
Parking space parallel (zero-degree angle) to the curb and maneuvering aisle: Each parking space shall be a rectangular area at least 8.5 feet wide and at least 23 feet long. The maneuvering aisle shall be at least 12 feet wide.
(a) 
The following table summarizes in linear feet the dimensions of parking stalls and aisles constructed according to the specifications of Subsection A(1) through (4):
Table 153A Dimensions of Parking Stalls and Aisles
Angle
Minimum Stall Width (W)
(feet)
Minimum Stall Length (L)
(feet)
Minimum Aisle Width (Maneuvering Space) (A)
(feet)
90°
8.5
18
24
22 one-way
60°
8.5
18
18 one-way
22 two-way
45°
8.5
18
15 one-way
21 two-way
30°
8.5
18
12 one-way
20 two-way
Parallel
8.5
23
12 one-way
18 two-way
_Angle of Parking Space.tif
(b) 
Driveways providing access to parking areas shall be at least 10 feet wide.
(c) 
Where marked parking spaces are provided for commercial buses, one bus parking space shall be equivalent to and counted as six parking spaces for passenger cars.
(5) 
Except in the case of single-family detached dwellings duplex dwellings and townhouse, no on-site parking space, maneuvering aisle or parking lot shall be configured such that a vehicle must either back off of or onto a public street or right-of-way when entering or exiting a parking lot or on-site parking space.
(6) 
Tandem parking may be used to satisfy residential parking requirements if the tandem spaces are assigned to the same dwelling unit. For a single-family detached dwelling, and each dwelling unit of a duplex dwelling, a driveway at least 10 feet wide and 35 feet long shall be considered sufficient parking.
(7) 
Parking areas shall have an all-weather surface, which includes, but is not limited to, asphalt, reinforced turf, clamshell, pavers, or gravel. Except in the case of single-family detached dwelling and duplex dwellings, each parking space shall be marked by painted lines on the surface of the parking lot or by parking bumpers.
(8) 
No part of any parking space shall be closer than five feet to any lot frontage. Any lighting used to illuminate shall comply with the lighting requirements of § 340-181.
(9) 
Parking areas for more than five vehicles shall comply with the landscape requirements of Article XVI.
(10) 
Except for temporary uses as provided in § 340-83 no parking areas may be used for displays, exhibits, or sales, unless otherwise permitted by this article.
(11) 
Except in the case of parking for single-family detached dwellings or duplex dwellings, the occupancy of any parking space by a vehicle shall not block or impair entry to or exit from any other parking space. In the case of parking spaces for single-family detached dwellings and duplex dwellings, the occupancy by a vehicle of one parking space may block or impair entry to or exit from another parking space provided for the same dwelling unit, but shall not block entry to or exit from a parking space provided for another dwelling unit, property, or use.
(12) 
In all parking lots containing five or more parking spaces, wheel stops must be installed where necessary to prohibit vehicle overhang onto adjacent pedestrian ways or landscape areas.
(13) 
Combination concrete curb and gutter or concrete barrier curbs are required around the perimeter of all parking lots containing five or more parking spaces and around all landscape islands and divider medians. The Zoning Inspector may approve alternatives to curb and gutter that comply with the town's best management practices for stormwater management.
B. 
Motorcycle parking. In parking lots containing over 20 motor vehicle parking spaces, motorcycle or scooter parking may be substituted for up to five automobile parking spaces or 5% of required motor vehicle parking, whichever is less. For every four parking spaces for motorcycles or scooters provided, the automobile parking requirement is reduced by one space. Each motorcycle and scooter space must have minimum dimensions of four feet by eight feet. This provision applies to existing and proposed parking lots.
C. 
Car-share service. For any development, one parking space or up to 5% of the total number of required spaces, whichever is greater, may be reserved for use by car-share vehicles. The number of required motor vehicle parking spaces is reduced by one space for every parking space that is leased by a car-share program for use by a car-share vehicle. Parking for car-share vehicles may also be provided in any non-required parking space.
D. 
Bicycle parking.
(1) 
Minimum requirements. Bicycle parking spaces must be provided per the minimum ratios established in Table 153D(1). The Planning Commission may waive or modify minimum bike parking requirements where it can be demonstrated that the requirement exceeds actual demand.
Table 153D(1) Minimum Bicycle Parking Ratios
Use Category/Subcategory
Minimum Bicycle Parking Spaces
Community center
1 per 20 vehicle spaces or 1 per 10 patrons, whichever results in more spaces
Library
2 spaces per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area
Museum or cultural facility
1 per 20 vehicle spaces
Parks and recreation
1 per 20 vehicle spaces
School
Elementary and junior high
2 per 10 students
Senior high
1 per 20 students
Assembly and entertainment
1 per 20 vehicle spaces or 1 per 10 patrons, whichever results in more spaces
Commercial service
Eating and drinking establishment
1 space per 1,000 square of gross feet floor area
Health club, fitness facility
1 per 20 vehicle spaces or 1 per 10 patrons, whichever results in more spaces
Office
1 space per 2,000 square feet of gross floor area
Retail sales
1 space per 3,000 square feet of floor area
Studio, instructional or service
1 per 10 students
(2) 
Maximum requirement. The minimum bicycle parking ratios of Table 153D(1) notwithstanding, no use is required to provide more than 10 bicycle parking spaces.
(3) 
Location. Bicycle parking spaces must be in highly visible, illuminated areas that do not interfere with pedestrian movements. Bicycle parking spaces must be located within 100 feet of a customer entrance.
(4) 
Design. Bicycle parking spaces must:
(a) 
Consist of bike racks or lockers that are anchored so that they cannot be easily removed;
(b) 
Be of solid construction, resistant to rust, corrosion, and abuse;
(c) 
Allow both the bicycle frame and the wheels to be locked with the bicycle in an upright position using a standard U-lock;
(d) 
Be designed so as not to cause damage to the bicycle;
(e) 
Facilitate easy locking without interference from or to adjacent bicycles; and
(f) 
Have minimum dimensions of two feet in width by six feet in length, with a minimum over-head vertical clearance of seven feet.
A. 
The number, location, and design of accessible parking spaces for people with disabilities must be provided in accordance with this section and the Maryland Accessibility Code.
B. 
Accessible spaces must be provided in accordance with Table 154B.
Table 154B Minimum Accessible Parking Space Ratios
Total Off-Street Parking Spaces Provided
Accessible Parking Spaces Required
1 to 25
1
26 to 50
2
51 to 75
3
76 to 100
4
101 to 150
5
151 to 200
6
201 to 300
7
301 to 400
8
401 to 500
9
501 to 1,000
2% of total
Over 1,000
20% of total
Medical facilities specializing in the treatment of persons with mobility impairments
20% of the total
Outpatient medical facilities
10% of the total
C. 
Accessible parking spaces count towards the total number of parking spaces required.
D. 
Each accessible parking space, except on-street spaces, must be at least 16 feet in width, with either an eight-foot or five-foot wide diagonally striped access aisle. The access aisle may be located on either side of the vehicle portion of the accessible space. Abutting accessible parking spaces may not share a common access aisle. (See Figure 154-2.)
Figure 154-2
E. 
Accessible parking spaces must be signed in compliance with applicable state law and must identify the current fine amount for violations. The sign must be fabricated to be two separate panels, one for the disability symbol and one for the current fine amount as established by the town.
F. 
Accessible parking spaces and accessible passenger loading zones that serve a building must be the spaces or zones located closest to the nearest accessible entrance on an accessible route. In separate parking structures or lots that do not serve a building, parking spaces for disabled persons must be located on the shortest possible circulation route to an accessible pedestrian entrance of the parking facility.
G. 
The regulations of this section apply to required spaces and to spaces that are voluntarily designated for accessible parking.
A. 
Purpose. The regulations of this section are intended to help ensure that:
(1) 
There is adequate on-site maneuvering and circulation area for vehicles and pedestrians;
(2) 
Vehicles awaiting service do not impede traffic on abutting streets; and
(3) 
Impacts on surrounding uses are minimized.
B. 
Applicability. The regulations apply to new developments, the addition of drive-through and drive-in facilities to existing developments, and the relocation of existing drive-through facilities.
C. 
Stacking spaces required. Stacking lanes must be provided in accordance with the minimum requirements of Table 155C.
Table 155C Stacking Space Requirements
Use
Minimum Number of Stacking Spaces Required
Bank/financial institution
4 spaces per drive-through lane
Car wash
2 spaces per approach lane, plus 2 drying spaces at the end of each bay
Vehicle repair/maintenance
2 per service bay
Gasoline pump
2 spaces per pump per , including spaces at pump
Restaurant, drive-through
8 total spaces, with at least 3 spaces between the order and pickup station
Other
3 spaces per lane, ordering station or machine
D. 
Stacking lane dimensions, design, and layout.
(1) 
Stacking lanes must be designed so that they do not interfere with parking movements or safe pedestrian circulation. Stacking lanes must have a minimum width of 10 feet. Spaces are calculated based on a width of 8.5 feet and a depth of 18 feet.
(2) 
All stacking lanes must be identified, through such means as striping, pavement design, curbing and/or signs approved by the Planning Commission.
E. 
Setbacks. Stacking lanes must be set back at least 25 feet from any abutting residential zoning district and at least 10 feet from all other lot lines.
F. 
Noise. Sound attenuation walls, landscaping, or other mitigation measures may be required to ensure that drive-through facilities will not have adverse noise-related impacts on nearby residential uses.
G. 
Site plans. Site plans must show the location of drive-through windows and associated facilities, e.g., communications systems and access aisles, as well as adjacent residential uses. Plans also shall show how drive-through windows are identified, e.g., signage, pavement markings, etc.
An on-site circulation system for pedestrian and nonmotorized travel must be provided in accordance with the requirements of this section. These pedestrian circulation requirements do not apply to lots occupied by single-family detached dwellings, duplex dwellings, and townhouses.
A. 
Connection to the street. The on-site pedestrian circulation system must connect all adjacent public rights-of-way to the main building entrance. The connection must follow a direct route and not involve significant out-of-direction travel for system users. (See Figure 156-1.)
Figure 156-1 Connecting Building Entrances to Street
B. 
Connection to abutting properties. The on-site pedestrian circulation system must provide at least one connection to existing paths and sidewalks on abutting properties or to the likely location of future paths or sidewalks on those properties. When the Planning Commission determines that no paths or sidewalks exist on a neighboring property or it is not possible to determine the likely location of a future path or sidewalk connections or extending a link would create a safety hazard on either property, no such connection is required. (See Figure 156-2.)
Figure 156-2: Connections to Abutting Properties
C. 
Internal connections. The on-site pedestrian circulation system must connect all buildings on the site. It must provide connections to other areas of the site likely to be used by pedestrians and nonmotorized travel, such as parking areas, bicycle parking, recreational areas, common outdoor areas, plazas, and similar amenity features. (See Figure 156-3.)
Figure 156-3 Internal Site Connections
D. 
Design. Required on-site pedestrian circulation facilities must be designed and constructed in accordance with the following requirements:
(1) 
The on-site pedestrian circulation system must be hard-surfaced, with a dust-free material, and be at least five feet in width.
(2) 
When the on-site pedestrian circulation system crosses driveways, parking areas, or loading areas, it must be differentiated using elevation changes, a different paving material, or other equally effective methods. Striping does not meet this requirement. (See Figure 156-4.)
Figure 156-4 Pedestrian Crossing
(3) 
When the on-site pedestrian circulation system is parallel and adjacent to a motor vehicle travel lane, it must be a raised path at least six inches above the vehicle travel lane surface or be separated from the vehicle travel lane by a raised curb, bollards, landscaping or another physical barrier. If a raised path is used, the ends of the raised portions must be equipped with accessible curb ramps.
(4) 
The on-site pedestrian circulation system must be illuminated to ensure that it can be used safely at night by employees, residents, and customers. Lighting must be at a height appropriate for a pedestrian pathway system.
A. 
In any zoning district, in connection with every building or part thereof having a gross floor area of 4,000 square feet or more, which is to be occupied by manufacturing, storage, warehouse, goods display or sales, mortuary, or other uses similarly requiring the receipt and distribution by vehicles of materials and merchandise, there shall be provided and maintained on the same lot with such building or use at least one on-site loading space plus one additional such loading space for every 10,000 square feet of gross floor area or major fraction thereof.
B. 
Each loading space shall not be less than 10 feet in width, 45 feet in length, and 14 feet in height. Such space shall occupy all or any part of any required yard or court, except a front yard.
C. 
No such space shall be located closer than 50 feet to any lot located in any R District, unless wholly within a completely enclosed building or unless enclosed on all sides by a wall or a uniformly painted board fence, not less than six feet in height.
D. 
Off-street loading spaces may occupy all or any part of any required yard, except a front yard. Nonresidential off-street loading spaces shall be located at least 15 feet from every street line and six feet from every residential lot line. The edges of the loading spaces shall be curbed or buffered, and the space between the off-street loading area and the street or lot line shall be landscaped and maintained in a sightly condition.
E. 
All off-street loading areas shall be properly engineered and improved with an all- weather, dustless surface approved by the Zoning Inspector.
F. 
Plans for the location, design, and construction of all loading areas are subject to approval by the Zoning Inspector.
G. 
Loading spaces may not be used to satisfy off-street parking requirements or for the conduct of vehicle repair or service work of any kind.