For the purpose of this chapter, the terms or words used herein unless
otherwise expressly stated shall have the following meanings:
ACCESS DRIVE
A private drive that intersects with the public road intended
to serve access to a commercial establishment or no more than two
dwelling units.
ADMINISTRATOR
The officer as appointed by the Township of Cambria Board
of Supervisors to administer these regulations and to assist administratively
the other Boards and officers of the Township.
AGRICULTURAL OPERATION
An enterprise that is actively engaged in the commercial
production and preparation for market of crops, livestock and livestock
products and in the production, harvesting and preparation for market
or use of agricultural, agronomic, horticulture, silvicultural and
aquacultural crops and commodities. The term includes an enterprise
that implements changes in production practices and procedures or
types of crops, livestock, livestock products or commodities produced
consistent with practices and procedures that are normally engaged
by farmers or are consistent with technological development within
the agricultural industry.
ALLEY or SERVICE DRIVE
A minor right-of-way, privately or publicly owned, primarily
for service access to the back or sides of properties.
APPEAL
A means for obtaining review of a decision, determination,
order, or failure to act pursuant to the terms of this chapter.
APPLICANT
A landowner or developer, as hereinafter defined, who has
filed an application for subdivision and/or development including
his heirs, successors and assigns. (See also "developer.")
APPLICATION FOR DEVELOPMENT
Every application, whether conceptual, preliminary, tentative,
or final, required to be filed and approved prior to the start of
construction or development, including, but not limited to, an application
for a building permit, for the approval of a subdivision plat or plan,
or for the approval of a development plan.
AUTHORITY
A political or corporate body created pursuant to the Act
of May 2, 1945 (P.L. 382, No. 164), known as "Municipality Authorities
Act of 1945."
BLOCK
A tract of land, a lot, or a group of lots bounded by streets,
public parks, railroad rights-of-way, watercourses, and boundary lines
of the Township, non-subdivided land, other definite barriers, or
by a combination of the above.
BOARD
Any body granted jurisdiction under a land use ordinance
or under this Act to render final adjudications.
BUFFER AREA
Open spaces, landscaped areas, fences, walls, berms, or any
combination thereof used to physically separate or screen one use
or property from another so as to visually shield or block noise,
lights, or other nuisances. (Also, see "transitional zone.")
BUILDING
A combination of materials to form a permanent structure
having walls and a roof, including, but not limited to, all mobile
homes.
BUILDING SETBACK LINE
The line within a property, parallel to, and defining the
required minimum distance between the foremost part of any building
and the adjacent right-of-way or property boundary line.
BUILDING, ACCESSORY
A building which is subordinate to the main building on the
lot and is used for purposes customarily incidental to the use of
the main building or lot.
CAMPGROUND
Any portion of land used for the purpose of providing a space
or spaces for trailers or tents, for camping purposes regardless of
whether a fee has been charged for the leasing, renting, or occupancy
of such space.
CAMPSITE
Any site intended to be used for temporary and/or seasonal
use for camping, inclusive of the area required to sustain a tent,
camper, motor home, or other temporary camping facility.
CARTWAY (ROADWAY)
The portion of a street right-of-way, paved or unpaved, intended
for vehicular traffic.
CHANNELIZATION
(1) The straightening and deepening of channels and/or the
surfacing thereof to permit water to move rapidly and/or directly;
(2) a traffic control device that forces vehicles into certain traffic
flows or turning movements.
CLEAR SIGHT TRIANGLE
An area of unobstructed vision at street intersections defined
by lines of sight between points at a given distance from the intersection
of the street center lines.
COMMERCE PARK
A tract of land that has been planned, developed, and operated
as an integrated facility intended for a number of non-retail professional,
business, personal, and other service uses, with special measures
for traffic circulation, parking, utilities, and compatibility.
COMMISSION
The Township of Cambria Planning Commission.
COMMON OPEN SPACE
A parcel or parcels of land, an area of land, an area of
water, or a combination of land and water within a development site
designed and intended for the use or enjoyment of residents of the
development, not including streets, off-street parking areas, and
areas set aside for public facilities.
COMPREHENSIVE PLAN
The complete plan plus any amendments or any of its component
parts for the development of Cambria County and Cambria Township providing
the continuing orderly development of the Township and being recognized
by the governing bodies of the County as the "official plan" including
such elements as a statement of community development objectives,
plans and policies for land use, housing, transportation, community
facilities and public utilities, and strategies for plan implementation.
CONDOMINIUM
Ownership in common with others of a parcel of land and certain
parts of a building thereon which would normally be used by all the
occupants, together with individual ownership in fee of a particular
unit or apartment in such building or on such parcel of land and may
include dwellings, offices, and other types of space in commercial
and industrial buildings or on real property.
CONSISTENCY
An agreement or correspondence between matters being compared
which denotes a reasonable, rational, similar connection or relationship.
CONSTRUCTION PLAN
The maps or drawings accompanying a subdivision or development
plan and showing the specific location and design of improvements
to be installed in the subdivision in accordance with the requirements
of the Township Supervisors as a condition of the approval of the
plan.
COUNTY
Any county of the second class through eighth class, e.g.,
Cambria County.
COUNTY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN
A land use and growth management plan prepared by the county
planning commission which establishes broad goals and criteria for
municipalities to use in preparation of their comprehensive plans
and land use regulations.
CROSSWALK
A right-of-way, municipally or privately owned, intended
to provide access for pedestrians.
CUL-DE-SAC
A short street having one end open to traffic and being permanently
terminated by a vehicular turn-around.
CULVERT
A pipe, conduit, or similar enclosed structure, including
appurtenant works, which carries surface water.
CUT
The difference between a point on the original ground and
designated point of lower elevation on the final grade. Also, the
material removed in excavation.
DECISION
Final adjudication of any board or other body granted jurisdiction
under any land use ordinance or this act to do so, either by reason
of the grant of exclusive jurisdiction or by reason of appeals from
determinations. All decisions shall be appealable to the Court of
Common Pleas of Cambria County.
DEDICATION
The deliberate appropriation of land by its owner for any
general and public use, reserving to himself no other rights than
those that are compatible with the full exercise and enjoyment of
the public uses to which the property has been devoted.
DENSITY, HIGH
Those residential subdivisions and land developments in which
the density is equal to or greater than four dwelling units per acre.
DENSITY, LOW
Those residential districts in which the density is between
one and three dwelling units per acre.
DESIGN STORM
The magnitude of precipitation from a storm event measured
in probability of occurrence (e.g., fifty-year storm) and duration
(e.g., twenty-four-hour), and used in computing stormwater management
control systems.
DESIGNATED GROWTH AREA
A region within a county or counties described in a municipal
or multi-municipal plan that preferably includes and surrounds a city,
borough or village and within which residential and mixed use development
is permitted or planned for at densities of one unit to the acre or
more, commercial, industrial and institutional uses are permitted
or planned for and public infrastructure services are provided or
planned.
DETENTION BASIN
A basin designed to hold stormwater runoff by temporarily
storing the runoff and releasing it at a predetermined rate. A detention
basin is designed to drain completely after a storm event.
DETERMINATION
Final action by an officer, body, or agency charged with
the administration of any land use ordinance or applications thereunder,
except the Board of Supervisors and the local planning commission,
only to the extent the planning agency is charged with final decision
on preliminary or final plans under this chapter or planned residential
development provisions. Determination shall be applicable only to
the boards designated as having jurisdiction for such appeal.
DEVELOPER
A person, firm, partnership, corporation, trust, or authorized
agent thereof proposing to divide land so as to constitute a subdivision,
or engage in land development, as defined by the Pennsylvania Municipalities
Planning Code, Act 247, as amended by Act 170 of 1988, 53 P.S. § 10101
et seq. (See also "subdivider.")
DEVELOPMENT
The division of land into two or more parcels; the construction,
reconstruction, conversion, structural alteration, relocation or enlargement
of any structure.
DEVELOPMENT PLAN
The provision for development including: a planned residential
development, a plat of subdivision, all covenants relating to use,
location and bulk of buildings and other structures, intensity of
use of density of development, streets, ways and parking facilities,
common open space and public facilities. The phrase "provisions of
the development plan" when used in this chapter shall mean the written
and graphic materials referred to in this definition.
DRAINAGE
The removal of surface water or groundwater from land by
drains, grading or other means, and includes control of runoff to
minimize erosion and sedimentation during and after construction or
development.
DRAINAGE FACILITY
Any ditch, gutter, culvert, storm sewer or other structure
designed, intended, or constructed for the purpose of carrying, diverting,
or controlling surface water or groundwater.
DRAINAGE RIGHT-OF-WAY
The lands required for the installation of stormwater sewers,
drainage ditches, or required along a natural stream or watercourse
for preserving the channel and providing for the flow of water therein
to safeguard the public against flood damage.
DRIVEWAY
A private vehicular passageway providing access between a
street and a private parking area or private garage.
DRIVEWAY PERMIT
A permit obtained from the Township of Cambria to gain access
to a Township road from a private or public driveway, access drive,
or street.
DWELLING
Any building which is designed for human living quarters.
DWELLING or DWELLING UNIT
Any structure, or part thereof, designed to be occupied as
living quarters as a single housekeeping unit.
A.
DETACHED HOUSEA dwelling unit occupying the whole of a freestanding residential structure.
C.
DUPLEXA residential structure divided horizontally into two dwelling units.
D.
ROW HOUSE or TOWNHOUSEA structure with two or more party walls of three or more units not having any horizontal division between units with no more than 10 total units.
E.
APARTMENTA dwelling unit separated horizontally and/or vertically from one or more other units in a structure.
EASEMENT
A right-of-way granted, but not dedicated, for specific use
of private land for a public or quasi-public purpose, and within which
the owner of the property shall not erect any permanent structure,
trees or shrubs but shall have the right to make any other use of
the land which is not inconsistent with the rights of the grantee.
ENGINEER
A person licensed to practice in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
as a "registered professional engineer."
ENGINEERING SPECIFICATIONS
The engineering criteria of Cambria Township regulating the
installation of any improvement or facility.
EROSION
The removal of surface materials by the action of natural
elements.
EROSION, ACCELERATED WATER
Erosion of the soil or rock over and above normal erosion
brought about by changes in the natural cover or ground conditions,
including changes caused by human activity. There are several kinds
of accelerated erosion, they are: sheet, rill, and gully erosion.
EXCAVATION
Any act by which earth, sand, gravel, rock, or any other
material is dug into, cut, quarried, uncovered, removed, displaced,
relocated, or bulldozed. It shall include the conditions resulting
there from.
FILL
Sand, gravel, earth or other material placed or deposited
so as to form an embankment or raise the elevation of the land surface.
The term includes material used to replace an area with aquatic life
with dry land or to change the bottom elevation of a surface water
area.
FINANCIAL SECURITY
Any form of security including a cash deposit, surety bond,
collateral, property, or instrument of credit and restrictive of escrow
accounts from Federal or Commonwealth chartered lending institutions
in an amount and form satisfactory to the Township Board of Supervisors
and to be used wherever required by these regulations.
FLAG LOT
A large lot not meeting minimum frontage requirements and
where access to the public road is provided by a narrow strip of land
owned to the public road.
FLOODPLAIN
The lands adjoining a river or stream that have been or may
be expected to be inundated by flood waters in a 100-year frequency
flood.
FORESTRY
The management of forests and timberlands when practiced
in accordance with accepted silvicultural principles, through developing,
cultivating, harvesting, transporting and selling trees for commercial
purposes, which does not involve any land development.
FUTURE GROWTH AREA
An area of a Township or multi-Township plan outside of and
adjacent to a designated growth area where residential, commercial,
industrial and institutional uses and development are permitted and
planned at varying densities and public infrastructure services may
or may not be provided, but future development at greater densities
is planned to accompany the orderly extension and provision of public
infrastructure services.
GOVERNING BODY
The council in cities, boroughs and incorporated towns; the
board of commissioners in Townships of the first class; the board
of supervisors in Townships of the second class; the board of commissioners
in counties of the second class through eighth class or as may be
designated in the law providing for the form of government.
GRADE
The slope of a road, street, or other public way specified
in percentage terms as calculated by rise over run.
HEARING
An administrative proceeding conducted by a board pursuant
to § 909.1(a) and 909.1(b) of Act 170 of 1988 of the Pennsylvania
Municipalities Planning Code, 53 P.S. §§ 10909.1(a),
10909.1(b).
INDUSTRIAL
Those fields of economic activity including construction
contractors, mining, manufacturing, transportation, communication,
electric, gas, and sanitary services.
INDUSTRIAL PARK
A tract of land that has been planned, developed, and operated
as an integrated facility intended for a number of individual industrial
uses, with special measures for traffic circulation, parking, utilities,
and compatibility.
INFILTRATION STRUCTURES
A structure designed to direct runoff into the ground, e.g.,
French drains, seepage pits, dry wells, and seepage trenches.
LAND DEVELOPMENT
A.
Any of the following activities which involves the improvement
of one lot or two or more contiguous lots, tracts, or parcels of land
for any purpose involving:
(1)
A group of two or more residential or nonresidential buildings,
whether proposed initially or cumulatively, or a single nonresidential
building on a lot or lots regardless of the number of occupants or
tenure, as per the definition in the Municipalities Planning Code
(MPC), 53 P.S. § 10101 et seq.
(2)
The division or allocation of land or space, whether initially
or cumulatively, between or among two or more existing or prospective
occupants by means of, or for the purpose of streets, common areas,
leaseholds, condominiums, building groups, or other features.
B.
For the purposes of this chapter, land development specifically
excludes the addition of an accessory building, including farm buildings,
and gardens, on a lot or lots subordinate to an existing principal
building.
LANDOWNER
The legal or beneficial owner or owners of land including
the holder of an option or contract to purchase (whether or not such
option or contract is subject to any condition), a lessee if he is
authorized under the lease to exercise the rights of the landowner,
or other person having a proprietary interest in land.
LOT
A tract or parcel of land, regardless of size, intended for
transfer of ownership, use, lease, improvements, or development, regardless
of how it is conveyed. Lot shall mean parcel, plot, site, or any similar
term which shall not be further subdivided.
LOT AREA
The horizontal area contained within the property lines of
a parcel of land as shown on a subdivision plan, excluding space within
any street, but including the area of any easement.
LOT OF RECORD
Any lot which individually, or as part of a subdivision,
has been recorded in the office of the Cambria County Recorder of
Deeds.
LOT, CORNER
A lot situated at the intersection of two streets, the interior
angle of such intersection not exceeding 135°.
LOT, FRONTAGE
That side of a lot abutting on a street or way, and ordinarily
regarded as the front of the lot, but it shall not be considered as
the ordinary side of a corner lot.
LOT, INTERIOR
A lot having side lot lines which do not abut on a street.
LOT, REVERSE FRONTAGE
A lot extending between and having frontage on an arterial
and a minor street with vehicular access solely from the latter.
MAINTENANCE GUARANTEE
Any security, other than cash, which may be accepted by The
Township of Cambria for the maintenance of any improvements required
by this chapter.
MARGINAL ACCESS STREETS
Minor collector streets parallel and adjacent to arterial
streets providing access to abutting properties and control of intersections
with an arterial street.
MARKER
A metal pin, set by professional land surveyor, to mark property
lines or lot corners. A marker shall be at least 5/8 inch in diameter
and 30 inches in length with an indented "punch" mark on the exposed
end of the pin marking the exact location of the property line or
corner.
MEDIATION
A voluntary negotiating process in which parties in a dispute
mutually select a neutral mediator to assist them in jointly exploring
and settling their differences, culminating in a written agreement
which the parties themselves create and consider acceptable.
MINERALS
Any aggregate or mass of mineral matter, whether or not coherent.
The term includes, but is not limited to, limestone and dolomite,
sand and gravel, rock and stone, earth, fill, slag, iron, ore, vermiculite
and clay, anthracite and bituminous coal, coal refuse, peat and crude
oil and natural gas.
MOBILE HOME
A transportable, single household dwelling intended for permanent
occupancy, contained in one unit, or in two or more units designed
to be joined into one integral unit capable of again being separated
for repeated towing, which arrives at a site complete and ready for
occupancy except for minor and incidental unpacking and assembly operations,
and constructed so that it shall be used without a permanent foundation.
MOBILE HOME LOT
A parcel of land in a mobile home park, improved with the
necessary utility connections and other appurtenances necessary for
the erections thereon of a single mobile home.
MOBILE HOME PARK
A parcel or contiguous parcels of land which has been so
designated and improved that it contains two or more mobile home lots
for the placement thereon of mobile homes.
MODIFICATIONS
Waivers of the requirements of one or more provisions of
the Chapter as the literal enforcement will exact undo hardship because
of particular conditions pertaining to the land in question.
MONUMENT
A stone or concrete monument, set by a professional land
surveyor to mark property corners. A monument shall have a flat top
at least four inches square and four inches in diameter and at least
24 inches in length. Stone monuments shall contain a 1/4-inch drill
hole or an indented cross inscribed to indicate the exact location
of the property corner. Concrete monuments shall contain a steel,
copper or brass rod with an indented "punch" mark to indicate the
exact location of the property corner.
MULTI-MUNICIPAL PLAN
A plan developed and adopted by any number of contiguous
municipalities, including a joint municipal plan as authorized by
this Act.
MULTI-MUNICIPAL PLANNING AGENCY
A planning agency comprised of representatives of more than
one municipality and constituted as a joint municipal planning commission
in accordance with the MPC or otherwise by resolution of the participating
municipalities, to address on behalf of the participating municipalities
multi-municipal issues, including, but not limited to, agriculture
and open space preservation, natural and historic resources, transportation,
housing and economic development.
MUNICIPAL AUTHORITY
A body politic and corporate created pursuant to the Act
of May 2, 1945 (P.L. 382, No. 164), known as the Municipality Authorities
Act of 1945.
MUNICIPAL ENGINEER
A professional engineer licensed as such in the Commonwealth
of Pennsylvania, who may be appointed as the engineer for a municipality,
planning agency, or joint planning commission.
MUNICIPALITY
Any city of the second class A or third class, borough, incorporated
town, Township of the first or second class, county of the second
class through eighth class, home rule municipality, or any similar
general purpose unit of government which shall hereafter be created
by the General Assembly.
NONRESIDENTIAL SUBDIVISION
A subdivision whose intended use is other than residential,
such as commercial or industrial. Such subdivision shall comply with
the applicable provisions of these regulations.
ORGANIZED CAMP
A combination of program and facilities established for the
primary purpose of providing an outdoor group living experience for
children, youth, and adults, with social, recreational, and educational
objectives and operated and used for five or more consecutive days
during one or more seasons of the year.
PEAK DISCHARGE
The maximum rate-of-flow of water at a given point and time
resulting from a storm event.
PLAN, FINAL
A complete and exact subdivision plan prepared for official
recording as required by statute; a final plat.
PLAN, PRELIMINARY
A subdivision plan or land development plan in lesser detail
than the final plan.
PLAN, SKETCH
An informal optional submission preparatory to the preliminary
plan showing the general intent of the subdivider.
PLANNING COMMISSION, LOCAL
The Cambria Township Planning Commission as established and
appointed by the Township Board of Supervisors or, the council acting
in lieu of a planning commission as the governing body.
PLAT
The map or plan of a subdivision or land development, whether
preliminary or final, indicating the location and boundaries of individual
properties.
PRE-APPLICATION CONFERENCE
A meeting convened between a developer and the Township in
an attempt to properly address any design or submission issues prior
to the submission of a formal application.
PRESERVATION or PROTECTION
When used in connection with natural and historic resources,
shall not include means to conserve and safeguard these resources
from wasteful or destructive use but shall not be interpreted to authorize
the unreasonable restriction of forestry, mining or other lawful uses
of natural resources.
PRIME AGRICULTURAL LAND
Land used for agricultural purposes that contains soils of
the first, second or third class as defined by the United States Department
of Agriculture Natural Resource and Conservation Services County Soil
Survey.
PUBLIC GROUNDS
A.
Parks, playgrounds, trails, paths, and other recreational areas
and other public areas.
B.
Sites for schools, sewage treatment, refuse disposal, and other
publicly owned or operated facilities.
C.
Publicly owned or operated scenic and historic sites.
PUBLIC HEARING
A formal meeting held pursuant to public notice by the Board
of Supervisors or planning agency, intended to inform and obtain public
comment, prior to taking action, in accordance with the Pennsylvania
Municipalities Planning Code, Act 247, as amended, 53 P.S. § 10101
et seq.
PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE AREA
A designated growth area and all or any portion of a future
growth area described in a county or multi-municipal comprehensive
plan where public infrastructure services will be provided and outside
of which such public infrastructure services will not be required
to be publicly financed.
PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES
Services that are provided to areas with densities of one
or more units to the acre, which may include sanitary sewers and facilities
for the collection and treatment of sewage, water lines and facilities
for the pumping and treating of water, parks and open space, streets
and sidewalks, public transportation and other services that may be
appropriate within a growth area, but shall exclude fire protection
and emergency medical services and any other service required to protect
the health and safety of residents.
PUBLIC MEETING
A forum held pursuant to notice under 65 Pa.C.S. Ch.
7 (relating to open meetings).
PUBLIC NOTICE
Notice published once each week for two successive weeks
in a newspaper of general circulation in the municipality. Such notice
shall state the time and place of the hearing and the particular nature
of the matter to be considered at the hearing. The first publication
shall not be more than 30 days and the second publication shall not
be less than seven days from the date of the hearing.
RE-SUBDIVISION
Any replanning or redivision of land involving changes of
street layout, or any reserved for public use, or any lot line on
an approved or recorded plan. Any other more major changes shall be
considered as constituting a new subdivision of land. (Also see "subdivision.")
RECREATIONAL VEHICLE
A vehicular type unit primarily designed as temporary living
quarters for recreational, camping, or travel use, which has its own
motive power or is mounted on or drawn by another vehicle. The basic
entities are travel trailer, camping trailer, truck camper, and motor
home.
RECREATIONAL VEHICLE PARK
A lot of land upon which two or more recreational vehicle
sites are located, established, or maintained for occupancy by recreational
vehicles of the general public as temporary living quarters for vacation
or recreation purposes.
RECREATIONAL VEHICLE SITE
A plot of ground within a recreation vehicle park intended
for the accommodation of either a recreation vehicle or other similar
individual camping unit on a temporary basis.
REGIONAL PLANNING AGENCY
A planning agency that is comprised of representatives of
more than one county. Regional planning responsibilities shall include
providing technical assistance to counties and municipalities, mediating
conflicts across county lines and reviewing county comprehensive plans
for consistency with one another.
REPORT
Any letter, review, memorandum, compilation, or similar writing
made by any body, board, officer, or consultant other than a solicitor
to any other body, board, officer, or consultant for the purpose of
assisting the recipient of such report in the rendering of any decision
or determination. All reports shall be deemed recommendatory and advisory
only and shall not be binding upon the recipient, board, officer,
body, or agency nor shall any appeal lie there from. Any report used,
received or considered by the body, board, officer, or agency rendering
a determination or decision shall be made available for inspection
to the applicant and all other parties to any proceeding upon request,
and copies thereof shall be provided at cost of reproduction.
RESERVE STRIP
A parcel of ground separating a street from other adjacent
properties, or from another street, which shall prevent a street from
being connected or extended across property lines.
RETENTION POND
A facility designed to be used for the permanent storage
of stormwater runoff. A permanently wet basin. (A retention pond is
not permitted by this chapter.)
RIGHT-OF-WAY
A public thoroughfare for vehicular or pedestrian traffic,
whether designated as a street, highway, thoroughfare, parkway, road,
avenue, boulevard, lane, or alley and including both cartway and shoulders.
RUNOFF
The surface water discharge or rate of discharge of a given
watershed after a fall of rain or snow that does not enter the soil
but runs off the surface of the land.
RURAL RESOURCE AREA
An area described in a municipal or multi-municipal plan
within which rural resource uses including, but not limited to, agriculture,
timbering, mining, quarrying and other extractive industries, forest
and game lands and recreation and tourism are encouraged and enhanced,
development that is compatible with or supportive of such uses is
permitted and public infrastructure services are not provided except
in villages.
SANITARY SEWAGE DISPOSAL, COMMUNITY
A sanitary sewage collection system, either publicly or privately
owned, in which sewage is carried from individual lots by a system
of pipes to a temporary central treatment and disposal plant, generally
serving a neighborhood area.
SANITARY SEWAGE DISPOSAL, PUBLIC
A sanitary sewage collection system in which sewage is carried
from individual lots by a system of pipes to a central treatment and
disposal plant.
SEDIMENTATION
The process by which mineral or organic matter is accumulated
or deposited by moving, wind, water, or gravity. Once this matter
is deposited (or remains suspended in water) it is usually referred
to as "sediment."
SEPTIC TANK
A watertight receptacle which receives sewage or industrial
wastes and is designed and constructed to provide for sludge storage,
sludge decomposition, separate solids from liquids through a period
of detention before allowing the liquid to be discharged.
SERVICE STREET
A minor public right-of-way providing secondary vehicular
access to the side or rear of two or more properties.
SETBACK LINE
The line within a property defining the required minimum
distance between any building to be erected and the adjacent property
line. The front yard setback shall be measured at right angles from
the front street right-of-way line which abuts the property on which
said building is located and shall be parallel to said right-of-way
line.
SHADE TREE
A tree in a public place, street, special easement, or right-of-way
adjoining a street as provided in these regulations.
SHOPPING CENTER
A group of retail establishments planned, constructed, and
managed as a total entity with customer and employee parking provided
on-site, provision of goods delivery separated from customer access,
and protection from the elements via a canopy or other enclosure.
SIGHT DISTANCE
The required length of roadway visible to the driver of a
passenger vehicle at any given point on the roadway when the view
is unobstructed by traffic. Sight distance measurements shall be made
from a point 10 feet from the edge of cartway, 3 1/2 feet high,
to a point 3 1/2 feet above the road surface.
SLOPE
The rise or fall of the land usually measured in percent
slope. The percent slope is equal to the rise or fall in feet for
a horizontal distance of 100 feet. Refer to the following table:
Description
|
Percent Slope
|
---|
Gentle
|
0-8%
|
Buildable
|
9-15%
|
Moderately steep
|
16-25%
|
Steep
|
25+%
|
SOIL PERCOLATION TEST
A field test conducted to determine the suitability of the
soil for on-site sanitary sewage disposal facilities by measuring
the absorptive capacity of the soil at a given location and depth.
SOLICITOR
The licensed attorney designated by Cambria Township Council
to furnish legal assistance for the administration of this chapter.
SPECIFIC PLAN
A detailed plan for nonresidential development of an area
covered by a municipal or multi-municipal comprehensive plan, which,
when approved and adopted by the participating municipalities through
ordinances and agreements, supersede all other applicable ordinances.
STABILIZATION
Natural or mechanical treatment of a mass of soil or ground
area to increase or maintain its stability and ensure its resistance
to erosion, sliding, or other movement.
STATE LAND USE AND GROWTH MANAGEMENT REPORT
A comprehensive land use and growth management report to
be prepared by the Center for Local Government Services and which
shall contain information, data and conclusions regarding growth and
development patterns in this Commonwealth and which will offer recommendations
to Commonwealth agencies for coordination of executive action, regulations
and programs.
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
The plan for managing stormwater runoff as required by the municipal engineer and/or a plan for managing stormwater as required by any Township Stormwater Management Ordinance [Chapter
23].
STREET, PRIVATE
Those streets not officially dedicated and/or accepted by
the Township.
STREETS
A strip of land, including the entire right-of-way, intended
for use as a means of vehicular and pedestrian circulation, and further
defined by the following:
A.
ARTERIAL STREETSThose streets whose primary function is to serve comparatively high volumes of through-traffic at speeds higher than desirable on a collector and minor street.
B.
COLLECTOR STREETSThose streets which, in addition to providing access to abutting properties, collect traffic from minor streets and provide routes to community facilities and the arterial streets system.
C.
EXPRESSWAYThose highways whose primary function is to move traffic with little or no land service and to accommodate large volumes of relatively high speed traffic. Usually, a high degree of access control is provided with few, if any, intersections at grade.
D.
LOCAL STREETS (MINOR STREETS)Those streets used primarily to provide access to abutting properties; including, but not limited to, cul-de-sac and marginal access streets.
E.
MARGINAL ACCESS STREETSMinor streets parallel and adjacent to arterial streets providing access to abutting properties and control of intersections with arterial street.
F.
SERVICE STREETA minor public right-of-way providing secondary vehicular access to the side or rear of two or more properties.
STRUCTURE
Any man-made object having an ascertainable stationary location
on or in land or water, whether or not affixed to the land.
SUBDIVISION
The division or redivision of a lot, tract, or parcel of
land by any means into two or more lots, tracts, parcels, or other
division of land including changes in existing lot lines for the purpose,
whether immediate or future, of lease, partition by the court for
distribution to heirs or devisees, transfer of ownership or building
or lot development and grading and filling activities: provided, however,
that the subdivision by lease of land for agricultural purposes into
parcels of more than 10 acres, not involving any new street or easement
of access or any residential dwelling, shall be exempted.
SUBDIVISION, MAJOR
All subdivisions not classified as minor subdivisions, including,
but not limited to, subdivisions of five or more lots, or any size
subdivision requiring any new street or extension of Township facilities,
or the creation of any public improvements.
SUBDIVISION, MINOR
Any subdivision that meets three of the five following criteria:
(1) the proposed subdivision must not contain more than six lots;
(2) all lots must have adequate access to an existing street, (3)
the extension of a main line is not required, (4) there is no need
for public improvements, and (5) it does not adversely affect the
remainder of the parcel or adjoining property, and not in conflict
with any provision or portion of the comprehensive plan or these regulations.
SUBJECT TRACT (RESIDUAL ACREAGE)
The remaining acreage of a lot after one or more subdivisions
have occurred. The subject tract (residual acreage) shall be labeled
as Lot 1.
SUBSTANTIALLY COMPLETED
Where, in the judgment of the municipal engineer, at least
90% based on the cost of the required improvements for which financial
security was posted pursuant to Part 2 of those improvements required
as a condition for final approval have been completed in accordance
with the approved plan, so that the project will be able to be used,
occupied, or operated for its intended use.
SURFACE DRAINAGE PLAN
A plan showing all present and proposed grades and facilities
for stormwater drainage.
SURVEYOR
A licensed "professional land surveyor" registered by the
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
SWALE
A low-lying stretch of land which gathers or carries surface
water runoff.
TEMPORARY OCCUPANCY
Occupancy of a campground or organized camp for no more than
six months in any consecutive twelve-month period.
TENT
A portable lodging unit usually made of skins, canvas, plastic,
or strong cloth stretched and usually sustained by poles, and dependent
upon separate toilet and lavatory facilities.
TOP SOIL
Surface soil and subsurface soil which presumably is fertile
soil and ordinarily rich in organic matter or humus debris.
TOPOGRAPHIC MAP
A map showing the elevations of the ground by contours or
elevations including all existing topographic features such as streams,
roads, streets, existing facilities, and improvements, as specified
herein.
TRADITIONAL NEIGHBORHOOD DEVELOPMENT
An area of land developed for a compatible mixture of residential
units for various income levels and nonresidential commercial and
workplace uses, including some structures that provide for a mix of
uses within the same building. Residences, shops, offices, workplaces,
public buildings and parks are interwoven within the neighborhood
so that all are within relatively close proximity to each other. Traditional
neighborhood development is relatively compact, limited in size and
oriented toward pedestrian activity. It has an identifiable center
and a discernible edge. The center of the neighborhood is in the form
of a public park, commons, plaza square or prominent intersection
of two or more major streets. Generally, there is a hierarchy of streets
laid out in a rectangular or grid pattern of interconnecting streets
and blocks that provides multiple routes from origins to destinations
and are appropriately designed to serve the needs of pedestrians and
vehicles equally.
TRAILER
A vehicular portable structure built on, or designed to be
mounted, on a chassis or wheels, or constructed as an integral part
of a self-propelled vehicle for use as a temporary dwelling for travel,
recreation, and vacation and commonly known as travel trailers, pick-up
coaches, motor homes, or camping trailers.
TRANSFERABLE DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS
The attaching of development rights to specified lands which
are desired by a municipality to be kept undeveloped, but permitting
those rights to be transferred from those lands so that the development
potential which they represent may occur on other lands where more
intensive development is deemed to be appropriate.
TRANSITION ZONE
A zoning district that permits uses compatible with uses
permitted in two adjacent zones that, without the transition zone,
could be considered incompatible to each other.
TRANSITIONAL AREA
An area in the process of changing from one use to another
or changing from one racial or ethnic occupancy to another; an area
that acts as a buffer between two land uses of different intensity
and compatibility.
VILLAGE
An unincorporated settlement that is part of a Township where
residential and mixed use densities of one unit to the acre or more
exist or are permitted and commercial, industrial or institutional
uses exist or are permitted.
WAIVER
When the subdivider can show that a provision of this chapter
would cause unnecessary hardship if strictly adhered to because of
conditions peculiar to the site, and where, in the opinion of the
Township, a departure from this chapter may be made without destroying
the intent of such provisions, the Township may authorize a waiver.
A modification to the minimum standards of this chapter. (Refer to
"modification.")
WATER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM, COMMUNITY
A system for supplying and distributing water from a common
source to two or more dwellings and other buildings within a subdivision,
neighborhood, or whole community, the total system being publicly
or privately owned.
WATER SURVEY
An inventory of the source, quantity, yield, use of groundwater,
and of surface-water resources within a municipality.
WATERCOURSE
A permanent or intermittent stream, river, brook, creek,
channel, or ditch for collection and conveyance of water, whether
natural or man-made.