As used in this chapter, the following terms shall have the meanings
indicated:
ACCESSIBLE
Public spaces, buildings, and facilities that accommodate
people with special needs or disabilities.
ACCESSORY DWELLING UNIT
An
accessory dwelling unit (ADU) is a detached
dwelling unit that is permitted only on properties with
a single detached principal
dwelling unit. ADUs are
a lesser size than the principal
dwelling unit and
include a kitchen, a sleeping area, and full bathroom facilities.
[Amended 11-2-2022 by Ord. No. 1830]
ACCESSORY USE
A use naturally and normally incidental to, subordinate to,
and devoted exclusively to the principal use on the same property.
ADAPTIVE REUSE
Conversion of a building into a use other than what it was
designed for, such as changing a warehouse into gallery space or housing.
ADULT FOSTER CARE FACILITY
A dwelling or establishment that provides supervision, assistance,
protection, or personal care and room and board to an adult. These
facilities are typically licensed by the state. This does not include
a licensed home for the aged, nursing home, or a mental hospital.
[Amended 8-3-2022 by Ord. No. 1827]
AIR EASEMENT
The ownership or control of airspace development rights over
property, such as a building or balconies projecting over public right-of-way
areas, such as streets.
ALLEY
A public or private right-of-way that provides access from
a street to the rear or side yards of properties. Alleys are usually
located at mid-block locations between two street and provide access
to garages and yard areas. An alley is not considered a street.
AMENITY
Design features that are valued by the users of a building
or public space, such as open space, clubhouses, landscaping, outdoor
seating, and public art.
AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT OF 1990 (ADA)
The federal law that requires public buildings and facilities,
including transportation facilities and private property that is open
to the public, to be accessible to persons with disabilities.
APPLICANT
The person or entity requesting an approval under UDO. The
owner of a property that is subject to an application for approval
under UDO shall always be considered the applicant, although they
may designate a representative to complete the application and communicate
with the approving authority on their behalf.
APPROVING AUTHORITY
The person, agency, committee, or entity responsible for
reviewing and making a determination on an application under UDO.
AVERAGE DAILY TRAFFIC (ADT)
The average number of vehicles passing a fixed point in a
twenty-four-hour period; a conventional measurement of traffic volume.
AWNING
A rooflike shelter of canvas or other material extending
over a doorway that is meant to provide protection from precipitation
and the sun.
BALCONY
An open-air outdoor portion of an upper floor that typically
projects from a building wall, but may also be recessed with the building
mass.
BASEMENT
The portion of a building that is partly or wholly below
finished grade. A basement shall not be counted as a floor or story.
BAY or BAY WINDOW
An interior portion of a building that extends beyond the
building's exterior wall and is not supported from below by vertical
columns or piers.
BED-AND-BREAKFAST
An owner-occupied single detached dwelling unit licensed
to provide overnight sleeping accommodations and to serve breakfast
to paying guests.
BIKE LOCKING CAPACITY
The total number of bicycles that can be locked to the bike
locking facilities provided on a site, per the manufacturer's specifications.
BOARD OF APPEALS
The Board authorized by Section 601 of the Zoning Enabling
Act (or the equivalent section of a successor statute) to hear and approve variances, appeals, and interpretations, as described in Article
39-12 and in the Zoning Act. As authorized by the Zoning Act, the Board of Appeals may also be designated to perform other duties, such as the approval of special exceptions.
BOARDINGHOUSE
A dwelling with one kitchen where individual rooms are rented
out for more than 30 days per occupant and the occupants of the dwelling
do not live as a single family.
BUILDING
A structure with a roof, either temporary or permanent, that
is used (or built) for the shelter or enclosure of persons, possessions,
or property.
BUILDING FOOTPRINT
The placement, shape, and size of the ground floor of a structure
on a property.
BUILDING HEIGHT, MEASURED
The vertical distance measured from grade to the highest
point of the roof deck for flat roofs, to the deck line of mansard
roofs, and to the average height between the eave and peak for gable,
hip, and gamble roofs.
CARE FACILITIES
A private or public facility where people live on-site to
receive care, treatment, supervision, or rehabilitation for physical,
mental, social-emotional, social-economic or similar conditions. Examples
include nursing home, home for the aged, convalescent home, rehab
clinic.
[Added 8-3-2022 by Ord. No. 1827]
CEMETERY
Land used for the burial of the dead, including columbariums
and mausoleums.
CITY COUNCIL
The elected legislative body of the City of Holland. The
City Council is the approving authority for rezonings, text amendments,
and additional applications.
CLEAR VISION CORNER
The area at the intersection of two streets within a required
setback, measured 20 feet on each street along the property line where
there shall be no fence or planting over three feet in height to enable
an unobstructed view of approaching traffic.
CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT
A planned unit development design that concentrates buildings
in specific areas on a site to allow the remaining property to be
used for recreation, common open space, and preservation of environmental
resources. Units are grouped on smaller parcels than zoning would
otherwise permit, but the overall allowable density for the larger
site is maintained.
COMMERCIAL
The use of property, or space within a building, for retail
sales, office work, service provision, or similar businesses where
goods or services are sold or provided directly to the consumer. As
used in UDO, "commercial" shall not include industrial or manufacturing
businesses.
COMMON ENTRY
A shared entrance for access to upper floor units and/or
multiple ground floor tenants.
COMPLETE STREETS
Streets that are designed and operated within a network that
enables safe access for all users, including pedestrians, bicyclists,
motorists, and transit riders of all ages and abilities.
CONCEPT PLAN
A flexible, generally full-color plan type that allows applicants
to get preliminary feedback from staff and the Planning Commission
on various details of a proposed project.
CONDOMINIUM
A condominium created pursuant to the Condominium Act, MCLA
559.101 et seq., whose units are defined in the master deed, but are
not separate
parcels of land (
sites). Units within a traditional condominium may be intended for residential,
commercial, or industrial uses.
[Added 7-20-2022 by Ord. No. 1819]
CORNICE
A top of a wall or building element made evident by an assembly
of projecting moldings that strike a definitive limit to that section
of the building.
COURTYARD
Courtyards are accessed with a sidewalk connected to the
public sidewalk, and may be approved in all zone districts. Courtyards
are also a component of the forecourt facade type in form-based code
subdistricts that is an open space defined by building walls on three
sides and open to the street on the fourth side. The courtyard is
not covered by a roof and extends the entire height of the building.
CROP CULTIVATION
The use of land for nonanimal agricultural purposes, including
farming, pasturage, and orchards. Shall also include the cultivation
of vegetables or fruit for commercial purposes on a property of one
acre or greater.
DENSITY
The gross number of dwelling units per acre of land calculated
by dividing the number of dwelling units on a site by the gross square
footage of the site.
DESIGN GUIDELINES
A tool that defines appropriate architectural and urban design
elements desired or required in specific areas of the City; design
guidelines are used in the review of development proposals in the
Form-Based Code Zone District, Neighborhood Mixed Use Zone District,
and planned unit developments.
DEVELOPMENT
The construction, reconstruction, remodeling or conversion
of buildings or other site features on a property to change or enhance
the use, increase the number of units, or repurpose the property.
DRIVE-THRU
Driveways, windows, and signage associated with a commercial
use for the provision of goods and services directly to people in
motor vehicles.
DURABLE SURFACE
A surface consisting of asphalt, concrete, permeable pavement,
grass pavers or another similar stable, dustless surface. Crushed
concrete, crushed asphalt, gravel, and other similar materials are
not considered a durable surface.
DWELLING UNITS, PRINCIPAL
A building or portion thereof occupied wholly as the permanent
residence or sleeping place by one or more people. A dwelling unit
contains at a minimum a kitchen, sleeping area, and full bathroom
facilities.
1.
SINGLE DETACHED DWELLING UNITA dwelling unit that is not within the same structure as another dwelling unit, often referred to as a "single-family home."
2.
SINGLE ATTACHED DWELLING UNITA dwelling unit within the same structure as a commercial use or uses, but with no other dwelling units in the building. An example is a single apartment located above or behind a retail store.
3.
TWO ATTACHED DWELLING UNITSTwo dwelling units that are both principal uses and can be owned or leased separately. Examples include duplexes, or two attached townhomes.
4.
THREE OR FOUR ATTACHED DWELLING UNITSThree or four dwelling units that are all principal uses and can be owned or leased separately. An example is a small multifamily building and three attached townhomes on the same property.
EASEMENT
A grant of one or more of the property rights by a property
owner to and/or for the use by the public or another person or entity.
EAVE
The projecting overhang along the edge of a roof.
ENCROACHMENT
The portion of a building, structure, equipment, or sign
that intrudes into a required setback, right-of-way or easement.
ENGINEERED PLAN
Less flexible than a concept plan, but not as concrete as
a site plan, this plan type provides utility and stormwater details
and dimension lines for all setbacks and street widths.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Influence of a development on the natural or built environment;
environmental impact statements (EIS) are designed to measure the
impact of a proposal and to recommend appropriate mitigation strategies.
ESSENTIAL SERVICES
A public or private utility or service that provides electricity,
water, sewage removal, gas, communication services, or similar services.
EVENT VENUE
1.
Commercial use designed for temporary gatherings of people for
entertainment, collaboration, celebration, or other reasons. Examples
include: Banquet facilities, community centers, and meeting facilities.
2.
The following uses shall not fall under this definition: movie
theaters, bowling alleys, arcades, and similar uses, which shall be
considered "recreation, indoor," and religious institutions, which
shall be considered "religious institutions."
FAMILY
A person or group of people meeting at least one of the following
descriptions:
2.
Two or more people related by blood, marriage, adoption, or
guardianship customarily living together as a single housekeeping
unit in a dwelling unit, using common cooking facilities, as distinguished
from a group occupying a hotel, club, religious or institutional building,
boarding- or lodging house, or fraternity or sorority house;
3.
One or two people living together, with or without children
related by birth, adoption or guardianship, as a single housekeeping
unit in a dwelling unit, using common cooking facilities, as distinguished
from a group occupying a hotel, club, religious or institutional building,
boarding- or lodging house, or fraternity or sorority house; or
4.
Up to four unrelated people (including boarders) living together
as a single housekeeping group in a dwelling unit using common cooking
facilities.
FEATURE ZONES
The individual parts of a street or other transportation
corridor that are designed for a specific function, in order to allow
for safe travel by automobiles, pedestrians, transit, and nonmotorized
vehicles. Examples of Feature Zones include the Walking Zone, the
Furnishing Zone, the Parking Zone, and the Vehicle Travel Zone.
FENCE
A barrier, railing, buffer or other upright structure, typically
of wood, metal or vinyl, enclosing an area of ground, marking a boundary,
screening an activity, or creating a visual or physical barrier.
FLOOR AREA, GROSS
The total area of a building measured by taking the outside
dimensions of the building at each floor level intended for occupancy
or storage and measured from the exterior faces of the exterior walls.
Garages shall not be included in gross floor area.
FLOOR AREA, HABITABLE
The area of a building just for living, sleeping, eating
or cooking. Bathrooms, closets, halls, storage, garages, and similar
areas are not considered habitable.
FORM-BASED CODE
An ordinance that regulates the form and scale of buildings in the private realm in relation to the public realm. The code is presented in written and diagrammatic form. The Form-Based Code (F) Zone District is organized by regulating maps and their designation of subdistricts, building types, building frontages, and building envelopes, and is located in Article
39-3 of UDO.
1.
BUILDING ENVELOPEThe area a building can be constructed within after accounting for setback and height requirements.
2.
BUILDING FRONTAGE TYPEArchitectural features that dictate how a building interacts with the street and generally the pedestrian users of that street. Form-Based Code building frontage types: shopfront, lobby, forecourt, arcade, and common yard.
3.
BUILDING TYPEThe type of building that includes the uses a building is designed to include. Forms-Based Code Building Types: mixed-use, commercial, multifamily (five units or more), Multifamily (two to four units), townhouse, parking structure, parking lot, and landmark building.
4.
REGULATING PLANSZoning Maps that only depict the form-based code subdistricts and the building height maximums for each subdistrict.
5.
SUBDISTRICTThe nine subdistricts that comprise the Form-Based Code (F) Zone District.
FUNERAL HOME
A building or part thereof used for human funeral services.
The building may contain space and facilities for embalming and the
performance of other services used in preparation of the dead for
burial, the performance of autopsies, and other surgical procedures,
the storage of caskets, funeral urns, and other related vehicles,
and other accessory uses as authorized by state law.
GARDENING
The cultivation of vegetables, fruit, or vegetation on a
property equal to or less than one acre.
GAS STATION
A facility designed or used for the retail sale of liquid
fuel that is stored in underground tanks and dispensed directly into
vehicles or approved containers. Convenience stores may be associated
with this use.
GOVERNMENT USES
Uses owned and operated by a public entity. Examples include
public parks, public parking lots, government administration buildings,
post offices, and Holland Board of Public Works.
GRADE
A reference plane representing the ground level adjoining
a building or structure used for the purpose of regulating the height
of a structure measured at the level of the ground adjacent to, or
immediately below, or at the street center line closest to the structure.
GREENHOUSE (NURSERY)
An enclosed structure used for the growing and cultivation
of flowers, shrubbery, vegetables, trees, and other horticultural goods.
HISTORIC DISTRICT
An area, or group of areas not necessarily having contiguous
boundaries that contain one structure or group of structures that
are related by history, architecture, archaeology, engineering or
culture, and require additional review prior to obtaining a building
permit.
HOME OCCUPATION
A business, occupation, or profession that results in a product
or service that is clearly an accessory, incidental, and secondary
use of a residential dwelling unit with no exterior evidence that
a business is being conducted from the premises.
HOME-BASED BUSINESS (TYPES 1 AND 2)
A home-based business, occupation, or profession that results
in a product or service that is clearly an accessory, incidental,
and secondary use of a residential dwelling unit, which has no employees
that live off-site, which does not engage in any on-site retail sales
(Type 1) or may engage in limited retail sales (Type 2).
HOSPITAL
An institution licensed by the Michigan Department of Health
and Human Services (MDHHS) to provide in-patient and out-patient medical
and surgical services for the sick and injured, and may include related
facilities (i.e., laboratories, medical testing services, central
service facilities, and staff offices).
IMPERVIOUS SURFACE
Any hard-surfaced area that does not readily absorb water,
including but not limited to, roofs, parking and driveway areas, sidewalks,
and paved recreational areas. Synonymous with "nonpervious surface"
and "impermeable pavement."
INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION
An institution that provides full-time or part-time education
beyond high school. Examples include: universities, community colleges,
vocational schools, including cosmetology and truck driving, and art
schools.
There are no definitions beginning with J.
|
K-12 SCHOOL
A facility that provides a curriculum for Kindergarten through
high school instruction. Accessory uses, such as gymnasiums, athletic
fields, and cafeterias, shall be considered part of the K-12 school.
This definition shall not include testing centers or tutoring centers,
which shall be considered "services."
KENNEL
Any lot or premises where three or more dogs over six months
of age are boarded and/or housed for compensation.
LANDSCAPING
The treatment of the ground surface with live plant materials,
such as: grass, ground cover, trees, shrubs, vines, and other horticultural
vegetation. A required landscape site design may include decorative
nonliving materials, such as wood chips, crushed stone, boulders,
or mulch accessory to live plant material. Structural features, such
as fountains, pools, statues, and benches, shall also be considered
a part of "landscaping," but only if provided in combination with
live plant material. Artificial plant materials and other items shall
not be counted toward meeting the requirements for landscaping. Commonly
used landscaping terms are defined as follows:
1.
BERMA continuous, raised earthen mound, with a flattened top and sloped sides, capable of supporting live plant materials.
2.
CALIPERThe trunk diameter of a nursery tree in inches, measured 12 inches above grade.
3.
DIAMETER AT BREAST HEIGHT (DBH)The trunk diameter of a mature tree in inches measured 4 1/2 feet above grade. Where a mature tree is on a slope, the four-and-one-half-foot measurement shall be made on the uphill side of the tree. On multistem trees, the largest diameter stem shall be measured.
4.
GRASSAny of a family of plants having jointed stems, narrow sheathing leaves, and seed-like grains normally grown as permanent turf lawns in West Michigan.
5.
GROUND COVERLow-growing plants that form a dense, extensive growth after one complete growing season, and tend to prevent weeds and soil erosion.
6.
HEDGEA row of evergreen or deciduous shrubs planted close enough to form a solid barrier.
7.
MULCHA layer of wood chips, dry leaves, straw, hay, or other materials placed on the surface of the soil around plants to retain moisture, prevent weeds from growing, hold the soil in place, and/or aid plant growth.
8.
PARKING LOT LANDSCAPINGA landscaped area located in and around a parking lot to improve pedestrian and vehicular traffic safety, reduce heat island effect, guide traffic movement, and enhance the appearance of the parking lot.
9.
RETAINING WALLA wall or similar device used at a grade change to hold the soil on the uphill side of the wall from slumping, sliding, or falling. Examples include: segmental walls, masonry walls, poured-in-place concrete walls, boulder walls, stacked railroad ties, and pre-split rock walls.
10.
SCREEN OR SCREENINGA wall, fence, or vegetation (or a combination of all) of sufficient height, length, and opacity to form a visual barrier.
11.
SHRUBA self-supporting (deciduous or evergreen) woody plant normally branched near the base, bushy, and less than 15 feet in height.
12.
TOPSOILSurface soil, usually including the organic layer, in which plants have most of their roots.
13.
TREEA self-supporting (deciduous or evergreen) woody plant with a well-defined central trunk or stem which normally grows to a mature height of 15 feet or more in West Michigan.
a.
DECIDUOUS TREEA
tree variety that
sheds its foliage at the end of the growing season.
b.
EVERGREEN TREEA
tree variety whose
foliage persists and remains green throughout the year.
c.
ORNAMENTAL TREEA deciduous
tree that
is typically grown because of its shape, flowering characteristics,
or other attractive features, and which grows to a mature height of
25 feet or less.
d.
SHADE TREEA deciduous tree that has a mature crown spread of 25 feet or greater, and has a trunk with at least five feet of clear stem at maturity.
LIGHTING
The following definitions shall apply to lighting:
1.
DIFFUSERA device used to distribute light from a source.
2.
DROP LENSA type of diffuser that extends below the shield or other opaque element of a light fixture.
4.
FOOTCANDLEIlluminance produced on a surface one foot from a uniform point source of one candela or when one lumen is distributed into an area of one square foot.
5.
FULLY SHIELDED FIXTUREA lighting fixture that is shielded or constructed so that all light emitted is projected downward.
6.
GLAREThe sensation produced by a light source that is significantly brighter than the light level of the surrounding area to which the eyes are adapted, causing annoyance, discomfort, or loss in visual performance or visibility.
8.
LIGHT TRESPASSLight falling where it is not wanted or needed (also called "spill light").
9.
LUMINAIREA complete lighting unit consisting of at least one light source and all other required parts designed to distribute the light, to position and protect the light source, and to connect the light source to the power supply.
10.
LUMENSThe unit of luminous flux, equal to the luminous flux emitted in a unit's solid angle by a point source of one candle intensity.
11.
RECESSED CANOPY FIXTUREAn outdoor lighting fixture recessed into a canopy ceiling so that the bottom of the fixture is flush with, or recessed within, the ceiling.
12.
SKY GLOWThe effect of multiple unshielded light fixtures projecting light into the atmosphere that creates an unnaturally bright hue in the night sky, obscuring the view of celestial objects.
13.
TUBE LIGHTAny light fixture that has the appearance of a tube of light, including neon, LED, or other lighting types.
LINER BUILDINGS
A series of smaller buildings that are part of a glass facade
of a larger structure or are commercial standalone perimeter structures
positioned to break up the mass of the structure. Typically used in
conjunction with parking structures.
LIVE-WORK BUILDING
A use that contains both a dwelling unit and a maker space
or office within the same, single, leasable or for-sale unit.
LOADING AREA
A designated, off-street, paved area for the temporary parking
of delivery vehicles while loading and unloading merchandise and materials.
LOT
A tract of land occupied, or intended to be occupied, or
utilized by principal and accessory buildings, yards and/or open space.
2.
FLAG LOTA lot that does not meet the minimum lot width at the required front yard setback.
[Amended 10-20-2021 by Ord. No. 1804; 5-3-2023 by Ord. No. 1835]
3.
LOT AREAThe total area encompassed within the front, rear, and side property lines of a lot excluding street or road right-of-ways.
[Added 5-3-2023 by Ord. No. 1835]
4.
THROUGH LOTA property fronting on two streets, but not at the intersection of streets.
LOT OF RECORD
A parcel of land, the dimensions and configuration of which
are shown on a subdivision plat recorded in the offices of the County
Register of Deeds and the City of Holland, or a lot or parcel described
by metes and bounds, the accuracy of which is attested to by a land
surveyor registered and licensed in the State of Michigan and is recorded
with the County Register of Deeds and the City of Holland.
MAKER SPACE
Commercial space designed to be used for small-scale, low-impact
artisan production of wholesale goods, including but not limited to
artwork, foodstuffs, beverages, jewelry, and other handcrafted small-batch
products. Any use that in the opinion of the approving authority includes
processes that cause negative impacts on surrounding properties due
to noise, odor, dust, or vibration, shall be considered "manufacturing."
MANUFACTURED HOUSING
A dwelling unit substantially built, constructed, assembled,
and finished at an off-site location from the premises where it is
to be located.
MANUFACTURING
The mechanical or chemical transformation of materials or
substances into new products, including the assembling of component
parts, the manufacturing of products, and the blending of materials.
2.
HIGH-INTENSITY MANUFACTURINGA use meeting the definition of "manufacturing" that, in the opinion of the approving authority, could have a substantial negative impact on surrounding residents, businesses, and/or the environment by virtue of any of the following: noise, dust, odor, vibration, aesthetics, truck traffic, rail traffic, structure height, environmental contamination, or causing land on neighboring properties to become unstable or unbuildable.
MARINA
A facility for storing, servicing, fueling, berthing, securing,
and launching of private or commercial pleasure craft that may include
the sale of fuel and incidental supplies for the boat owner, crews,
and guests, and small boats for rental/launching.
MASSAGE CLINIC
Any establishment where body massage is regularly practiced
on the human body by professionals licensed by the State of Michigan.
For the purposes of UDO, massage clinics shall be considered "medical
or dental clinics."
MASSING
The scale and proportions of a building or object.
MASTER PLAN
A comprehensive, long-range plan for a municipality. When
referred to in UDO, the Master Plan shall refer to the most recently
adopted Master Plan for the City of Holland.
MEDICAL OR DENTAL CLINIC
A commercial use that provides medical or therapeutic care
to patients. Examples include: doctor offices, urgent care clinics,
medical treatment facilities, medical testing facilities, medical
counseling facilities, dentist offices, outpatient surgery centers,
ophthalmologists, massage clinics, medical administration offices,
and veterinary clinics.
MIXED USE
Provides a vertical mix of uses generally with ground floor
commercial uses and upper floors for nonretail commercial or residential
uses.
NONCONFORMING
A building, structure, use, or property that lawfully existed
at the time of the adoption of UDO (or an amendment to UDO that directly
applied to the state of being in question) that does not conform to
one or more of the regulations in UDO.
NONCONFORMING BUILDING OR STRUCTURE
A building, structure, or portions thereof that lawfully
existed at the effective date of UDO, or a subsequent amendment, which
does not meet one or more regulations of the zone district in which
it is located.
NONCONFORMING PROPERTY
A lot of record that does not meet the dimensional requirements
of UDO or amendments thereof.
NONCONFORMING USE
A use that lawfully existed prior to the effective date of
UDO or amendments thereof, that do not conform to one or more of the
regulations in UDO.
OFFICE
A commercial use for the provision of services to customers
or for administrative duties relating to an organization or business.
The following uses shall not be included in this definition:
1.
The direct sale of products to customers on-site, and bank branches,
which shall be considered "retail";
2.
Public administrative offices, which shall be considered "government/public
uses";
3.
Buildings dedicated solely to offices of institutions of higher
education, which shall be considered "institutions of higher education";
4.
Medical offices, which shall be considered "medical or dental
clinics"; and
5.
Uses requiring large fabrication or testing facilities, which
shall be considered "research and development."
OUTDOOR STORAGE AND PROCESSES
The keeping of industrial or commercial materials or equipment.
Also, the conducting of manufacturing, deconstruction, or other industrial
processes, outside of an enclosed structure.
OWNER
Any person, agent, firm, partnership, or other entity recorded
in the official records of the state, county or municipality as holding
title to the property; or otherwise having control of the property,
including the guardian of the estate of a person. This definition
shall also include the executor or administrator of the estate of
a person if ordered to take possession of real property by a court.
OWNER-OCCUPIED
A dwelling unit that has been approved for principal residence
exemption by the City of Holland Assessor.
OWNERSHIP
The designated person or entity listed on the tax rolls maintained
by the City of Holland for a structure or building. For a property
owned by a partnership, limited liability company or corporation,
each partner, member, trustee or shareholder shall be deemed to have
an ownership interest for purposes of regulating short-term rental
units.
PARAPET
A part of the building wall that extends above the roof,
typically located on flat roof buildings. Parapet heights are measured
from the roof deck to the top of the parapet.
PARKING
The temporary storage of an operable, licensed motor vehicle.
Parking may be limited in duration by a property owner, the City,
or another entity with jurisdiction over a parking lot.
3.
PARKING, LONG-TERM BIKEA bicycle parking facility that reasonably shelters bicycles from the natural elements by locating them inside or under principal or accessory structures.
4.
PARKING, OFF-SITEParking dedicated to a particular use, but not located on the same property as the use it is dedicated to.
5.
PARKING, ON-SITEParking located on the same property as a principal use, and dedicated to that use.
6.
PARKING, OFF-STREETParking located outside of a public right-of-way, and on a public or private property.
7.
PARKING, ON-STREETParking located within a public right-of-way, authorized by the entity with jurisdiction over the right-of-way.
8.
PARKING, SHAREDParking designated to meet UDO's minimum parking requirements for more than one use.
9.
PARKING, SHORT-TERM BIKEA bicycle parking facility located within 100 feet of the nearest publicly accessible building entrance, and available to the public during business hours.
10.
PARKING SPACEAn area of definite length and width for parking a vehicle, which is fully accessible for such purposes.
11.
PARKING SPACE, ACCESSIBLEA parking space meeting the dimensional and locational requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act to be considered an accessible (sometimes called "barrier free") parking space.
12.
PARKING STRUCTUREA structure or a part or a structure used exclusively for the parking or storage of motor vehicles.
PERVIOUS SURFACE
An area maintained in its natural condition or covered by
a material that permits infiltration or percolation of water into
the ground. Synonymous with "porous" or "permeable."
PLANNING ACT
The Michigan Planning Enabling Act, Public Act 33 of 2008,
as amended, or any successor acts.
PLANNING COMMISSION
The Commission authorized by Section 11 of the Planning Act (or the equivalent section of a successor statute), and Article
III of Chapter
2 of the City Code of Ordinances to draft, administer, and enforce the City's Master Plan and Zoning Ordinance. The Planning Commission shall act as an approving authority or recommending authority under UDO.
POCKET NEIGHBORHOOD
A cluster of residential, commercial, and/or mixed-use buildings
surrounding or surrounded by green or natural space.
POWER PLANT, NON-WIND OR -SOLAR
A facility that converts one or more energy sources, including
but not limited to water power, fossil fuels, or nuclear power, into
electrical energy or steam.
PROPERTY
Synonymous with the term "lot."
PROPERTY LINE
The boundaries of a lot are described as follows:
1.
FRONT PROPERTY LINEThe property line with the narrowest street frontage of the lot. If there are two street frontages of equal width, the Zoning Administrator shall determine the front property line.
3.
REAR PROPERTY LINEThe property line opposite from the front property line. In the case of irregular, triangular, or wedge-shaped lots, or lots that are pointed at the rear, the rear lot line shall be an imaginary line parallel to the front lot line, 10 feet in length, positioned as far from the front lot line as possible.
4.
SIDE PROPERTY LINEAny property line that does not meet the definition of "front property line," "secondary street frontage," or "rear property line."
PUBLIC HEARING
A meeting where the public shall be permitted to speak on
an order of business on the meeting agenda.
PUBLIC LODGING
A facility offering transient lodging accommodations at a
daily or weekly rate to the general public, with services such as
restaurants, meeting rooms, and recreational facilities. Examples
include: hotels, motels, hostels, and extended-stay hotels that do
not meet the definition of a "dwelling unit."
PUBLIC REALM
The area between the facade of a building and the corresponding
facade of the building across the street, which is typically defined
by the street right-of-way lines.
PUBLIC UTILITY
An entity authorized to provide utilities or infrastructure
for the purpose of transportation, water, sewer, stormwater, gas,
electric, communications, and other similar services.
There are no definitions beginning with Q.
|
RECREATION, INDOOR
An indoor facility for leisure, exercise, and/or entertainment.
Examples include: bowling alleys, arcades, indoor playgrounds, fitness
centers, sports arenas, and movie theaters.
RECREATION, OUTDOOR
An outdoor facility for leisure, exercise, and/or entertainment.
Examples include: parks, golf courses, nature preserves, go-carts,
batting cages, sports facilities, and ice rinks.
RECREATIONAL VEHICLE
The following shall be considered a recreational vehicle:
1.
A camper, motor home, pop-up camper trailer, or other similar
camping unit.
2.
A boat, jet ski, snowmobile, ATV or similar toy either on or
off of an open, unenclosed trailer, specifically designed for transporting
that toy.
3.
An open, unenclosed, single-axle trailer not exceeding 8 1/2
feet by nine feet or 76.5 square feet in area.
REDEVELOPMENT
Any expansion, addition, renovation, or major change to an
existing building, structure or aspect of development. "Redevelopment"
can also mean the reconstruction of a previously developed multiproperty
area to have new character, using new construction and renovation
of existing buildings.
RELIGIOUS INSTITUTION
A use where people regularly assemble for religious activity.
Examples include: a church, synagogue, temple, mosque, or similar
religious facility. Accessory uses such as K-12 schools, event venues,
or offices, may be approved as part of the religious institution.
RENOVATION
The modernization or updating of an existing structure. Rehabilitation
and restoration are types of renovation.
1.
REHABILITATIONThe act or process of returning a property to a state of utility through repair or alteration that makes possible an efficient contemporary use while preserving those portions or features of the property that are significant to its historical, architectural, and cultural values.
2.
RESTORATIONThe act or process of accurately recovering the form and details of a property and its setting as it appeared at a particular period of time by means of the removal of later work or by the replacement of missing earlier work.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
A use within an engineering or testing laboratory that does
not involve the mass manufacture, fabrication, processing, or sale
of products.
RESIDENTIAL
The use of property, or space within a building, for the
purpose of human habitation that meets the requirements and definitions
of UDO and the Building Code to be considered one or more "dwelling
units."
RESIDENTIAL ONE TO FOUR
A parcel of land containing one to four dwelling units on
that parcel, not necessarily contained in the same building.
[Added 10-20-2021 by Ord.
No. 1804]
RESTAURANT
1.
A commercial use where the principal business is the sale of
food and beverages to customers. Examples include: full-service restaurants,
fast-food restaurants, cafes, bars, and microbreweries/distilleries/wineries.
The City may determine that the manufacturing portion of the use is
sufficiently large enough to be considered a manufacturing use.
2.
The following uses shall not fall under this definition: Tasting
counters at grocery stores, which shall be considered "retail"; tasting
counters at manufacturing and/or wholesale facilities, which shall
be considered "manufacturing" or "wholesale," depending on the principal
use of the site.
RETAIL
1.
A commercial use that sells goods of merchandise to the public
on-site. Examples include: grocery/convenience/beverage stores, clothing/shoe/accessory
stores, book/music/video/electronics stores, hardware stores, and
art galleries with art for sale.
2.
The following uses shall not fall under this definition: gas
stations, which shall be considered "gas stations"; and real estate
brokerages, which shall be considered "services."
REZONING
The process described in UDO for changing the designation
of a parcel to a different zone district.
RIGHT-OF-WAY
A street, alley or other thoroughfare or easement permanently
established for the passage of persons or vehicles and under the legal
authority of the municipality or agency having jurisdiction over said
passage. The right-of-way includes all elements between the legally
designated right-of-way lines, regardless of whether a portion of
the right-of-way overlaps with private property. Within the right-of-way,
the City (or other entity with jurisdiction over the right-of-way)
may build or allow to be built, infrastructure and amenities to serve
the public interest, including: streets, nonmotorized pathways, roadways,
walkways, parking spaces, signage, traffic signals, landscaping, and
amenities (i.e., benches, tables, garbage cans, etc.).
ROOFLINE
The top edge of a roof or building parapet, whichever is
higher, excluding cupolas, chimneys or other minor projections.
SCALE
The size and shape of a building or other element of the
built environment, relative to its surroundings and to the people
who interact with it. Example: Pedestrian scale is based on comfortable
walking dimensions and automobile scale is designed to be experienced
from a moving automobile.
SCREENING
A method of visually shielding or obscuring an abutting or
nearby structure, property or use from another by using fencing, walls,
berms, gates, building features, or plantings of sufficient height,
length, and opacity to form a visual barrier.
SERVICES
A commercial use offering technical or specialized services.
Examples include: law offices, engineering services, small electronics
repair, real estate brokerages, and hair salons.
SETBACK
The minimum and maximum horizontal distance that a building,
structure, or parking lot shall be from any property line. If there
are two or more principal buildings on a property, the closest building
to the property line shall be subject to the setback requirement.
SEXUALLY ORIENTED BUSINESS
A retail, event, indoor recreation, or personal service business
where 25% of the floor area is dedicated to, 25% or more of the inventory
is composed of, or 25% of the gross revenues derive from items or
activities predominantly characterized by an emphasis on matter depicting,
describing, or relating to specified anatomical areas or sexual activities.
1.
SPECIFIED ANATOMICAL AREASLess than completely and opaquely covered human genitals, pubic region, buttocks, anus or a female breast below a point immediately above the top of the areola, and human male genitals in a discernibly turgid state, even if completely and opaquely covered.
2.
SPECIFIED SEXUAL ACTIVITIESThe fondling or any other erotic touching of human genitals, pubic region, buttocks, anus, or female breasts or sex acts, actual or simulated, including vaginal or anal intercourse, oral stimulation of human genitals, or masturbation, or excretory functions.
SHELTER
A facility that provides overnight housing accommodations
for people who are homeless, displaced from housing, victims of violence
or abuse, have an emergency, are in a transitional state, and other
similar situations. The facility may provide temporary or semipermanent
housing in a setting that is not considered a single dwelling unit
or single-family home. The facility may also offer services to the
occupants or the public, such as counseling, educational classes,
vocational training, food service, etc.
[Added 8-3-2022 by Ord. No. 1827]
SHORT-TERM RENTAL
A dwelling unit for rent in part or in its entirety for less then 30 consecutive days per occupant and shall be in compliance with Chapter
14 of the City of Holland Code of Ordinances.
SIGN (SIGNAGE)
A device, structure, fixture, or placard using graphics,
symbols and/or written copy, designed specifically for the purpose
of identifying an establishment, product, service or activity. The
following are definitions of types of signs and terms related to signage:
2.
BALLOONAn object composed of an inflatable, nonporous bag.
3.
BANNERA fabric, plastic, or other object made of nonridged material without an enclosing structural framework.
4.
BILLBOARDA sign that contains a message or advertises an establishment, product, service, space or activity not available on the lot where the sign is located. For purposes of UDO, a movable freestanding sign is not considered a billboard or off-premises advertising sign.
5.
DIRECTIONAL SIGNA sign that provides directions or instructions for the use on the lot where the sign is located, such as parking or exit and entrance signs.
6.
ESSENTIAL SERVICESSigns that provide directions to or notices of equipment and accessories reasonably necessary for the furnishing of utility service or for the public health, safety or general welfare by public utilities or municipal departments.
7.
FLAGA piece of fabric with a distinctive design, logo, emblem or words.
8.
FEATHER FLAGA piece of fabric, typically taller than it is wide, with a distinctive design, logo, emblem or words that is specifically designed and used to draw attention to a product, service or location.
9.
FREESTANDING SIGNA permanent sign not anchored or secured to a building or the ground and designed to be placed during business hours and moved inside when not in use.
10.
GOVERNMENT SIGNA temporary or permanent sign erected by the City of Holland, Allegan or Ottawa Counties, or the state or federal government; including temporary signs as necessary in conjunction with the improvement of public infrastructure.
11.
MARQUEEA sign affixed flat against the surface of a marquee.
13.
a.
TYPE 1A design or representation that does not contain promotional or commercial advertising painted or drawn on a wall.
b.
TYPE 2An original, one-of-a-kind unique design or representation that contains limited references to the establishment, product or service provided on the site, which is painted or drawn on a wall on that site.
15.
NONCONFORMINGA permanently installed sign that is legally existing at the original installation, which does not conform to the current height, size, area or location requirements of UDO.
16.
PLACARDA sign that provides notices of a public nature, i.e., "No Trespassing."
17.
PERMANENTA sign that has a permanent location on the ground or that is attached to a structure having a permanent location that meets the structural requirements for signs as established in the Building Code.
18.
PROJECTINGA double-faced sign attached to a building or wall.
19.
READER BOARDA portion of a sign changed periodically either manually or electronically.
20.
ROOFA sign erected above the roofline of a building.
21.
SIGN FACEThe area of a sign that displays a message, including the extreme limits of writing, emblem, logo, and similar representation.
22.
TEMPORARY SIGNA sign intended for a limited period of display, typically less than 30 days.
23.
WALLA single-faced sign painted or attached directly to and parallel to the exterior wall of a building.
24.
WINDOWA sign placed on the glass of a window or door that is used for advertising or identification, and is intended to be viewed from the outside of the building.
25.
WAYFINDINGA temporary or permanent information system, installed or erected by the City of Holland or the Downtown Development Authority, for the purpose of guiding citizens and tourists and identifying specific places and parking areas.
SITE
The location of a development or redevelopment project that
may include one or multiple properties.
SITE CONDOMINIUM UNIT
A condominium created pursuant to the Condominium Act, MCLA
559.101 et seq. whose units are separate
parcels of
land (
sites) on which
structures for independent occupation are erected. Units within a site condominium
may be intended for residential, commercial, or industrial uses.
[Amended 7-20-2022 by Ord. No. 1819]
SITE IMPROVEMENT
Any building, structure, work of art, landscaping, parking
lot, or other item constituting an increase in the value of a property.
SITE PLAN
A plan prepared to scale, showing accurately and with complete
dimensioning, the boundaries of a site and the location of all buildings,
structures, uses, and principal site design features proposed for
a specific parcel of land.
SOLAR ENERGY FACILITY
A device that provides the collection, storage, and distribution
of solar energy for space heating, cooling, or power generation, including
both the solar panels and all accessory structures.
STEPBACK
A setback of an exterior wall of an upper story behind the
exterior walls of the floors below.
STORY
The distance between any two adjacent floors or floor lines,
measured as the distance between the finished floor and finished ceiling
(or bottom of exposed structure).
STREET CORRIDORS
Any street meeting the definition of "urban major" or "commercial, mixed-use corridor, or industrial major" in Article
39-10.
STREET DESIGN PLAN
This is a required site plan sheet when a new or reconstructed
street is proposed. The street design plan shall include a street
cross-section depicting the three street realms and the feature zones
proposed. This plan shall also include construction specifications.
STREET REALMS
The three street realms are the people, parking, and travel
realms. Each realm is comprised of feature zones.
STREET, FRONT
The narrowest street frontage of a property, as measured
along the right-of-way which runs along a parcel's front property
line. If there are two street frontages of equal length, the Zoning
Administrator shall determine a front street.
STREET, LOCAL
A street designated as "local" on the City of Holland Act
51 Map.
STREET, MAJOR
A street designated as "major" on the City of Holland Act
51 Map or a street within the City of Holland that is under the jurisdiction
of the Michigan Department of Transportation.
STREET, SECONDARY
Any street frontage of a property that does not meet the
definition of "street, front."
STREETSCAPE
The distinguishing character of a particular street as created
by its width, degree of curvature, paving materials, design of the
street furniture, and forms of surrounding buildings.
STRUCTURE
Anything constructed or erected, the use of which requires
location on the ground or attachment to something on the ground. Examples
include: principal and accessory buildings, towers, decks, fences,
walls, antennas, swimming pools, and signs.
SUBDIVISION PLAT
Used when the property is proposed to be divided pursuant
to the
subdivision provisions of the Michigan Land
Division Act into platted
lots.
[Amended 7-20-2022 by Ord. No. 1819]
TRAFFIC IMPACT STUDY
An analysis of the volume of traffic anticipated to be generated
by a given land use or development proposal. The study includes the
impacts of additional volume, such as congestion, accidents, and changes
to the street network's level of service.
TRANSPARENCY (STRUCTURE)
The presence and percentage of glass to allow the interior
of a building to be viewed from the street. Transparent glass is not
heavily tinted or glazed and shall be measured by the following:
1.
VISIBLE LIGHT REFLECTANCE (VLR)The percent of total visible light that is reflected by a glazing system. The lower the number, the less visible light is reflected, making the glass more transparent.
2.
VISIBLE LIGHT TRANSMITTANCE (VLT)The percent of total visible light that is transmitted through a glazing system. The higher the number, the more visible light is transmitted, making the glass more transparent.
UNIVERSAL DESIGN
Design accessible to all people, regardless of age, disability,
etc.
USE
The purpose for which land, lots, or buildings are designed,
arranged, intended, or occupied, maintained, let, or leased.
1.
ACCESSORY USEA use that is clearly incidental to, customarily found in connection with, subordinate to, and located on the same lot or site condominium unit as the principal use to which it is related.
2.
PERMITTED USEA use that is permitted on every lot or site condominium unit in a zone district, provided that all requirements of UDO are met, as verified through the required review process by the approving authority.
3.
PRINCIPAL USEThe main use of land and buildings and the main purpose for which land and buildings exist.
4.
PROHIBITED USEA use that is not allowed, and cannot be approved, on any lot or site condominium unit within a zone district.
5.
RESTRICTED USEA use that is permitted within a zone district only on designated properties or in designated circumstances. Additionally, all requirements of UDO shall be met, as verified through the required review process by the approving authority.
6.
SPECIAL LAND USEA use that is permitted within a zone district through Planning Commission approval based on it meeting context sensitive requirements.
VARIANCE
A modification of the literal provisions of UDO when granted
by the Board of Appeals when strict enforcement of UDO would cause
practical difficulties owing to circumstances unique to the individual
property where the variance is granted.
VEHICLE
Every device in, upon, or by which any person or property
is or may be transported on a street. Devices exclusively moved by
human power, used exclusively on stationary rails or tracks, and mobile
homes, are not considered vehicles.
VEHICLE REPAIR
1.
An enclosed building where the following services may be carried
out: general repairs, engine rebuilding, collision services, and painting
of vehicles.
2.
The following uses shall not be included under this definition:
bicycle repair or lawn mower repair, which shall be considered "retail."
VEHICLE SALES
1.
A building or premises used primarily for the sale of new or
used automobiles and other motor vehicles. Examples include: new and
used car sales, recreational vehicle sales, motorcycle/powersport
sales, construction equipment sales, and boat sales.
2.
The following uses shall not fall under this definition: bicycle
sales and lawn mower sales, which shall be considered "retail."
VEHICLE WASH
A building or portion thereof or an area of land where automobiles
are washed.
VENDOR TRUCK
A truck, camper, trailer, tent, stand or similar mobile structure
used to sell food, merchandise, goods, wares or services from a fixed
location.
WAREHOUSING
Storage, wholesale, and distribution of manufactured products,
supplies, and equipment.
WAREHOUSING
Storage, wholesale, and distribution of manufactured products,
supplies, and equipment.
WETLAND
Land characterized by the presence of water at a frequency
and duration sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances
does support, wetland vegetation or aquatic life, and is commonly
referred to as a "bog," "swamp," or "marsh."
WHOLESALE
On-premises sales of goods primarily to customers engaged
in the business of reselling the goods.
WIND ENERGY FACILITY
A facility that produces energy by converting wind energy
to electricity by means of wind turbines, including the wind turbine
and all accessory structures; also known as "wind energy conversion
system (WECS)." The following are definitions of types of wind energy
facilities, and terms associated with them:
1.
ACCESSORY WIND ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEM (also called "Small-Scale")A WECS less than 40 feet in total height with the blade fully extended (tip height). Small-scale WECS are intended to generate electric power from wind solely for the use of the site on which the system is located. Small-scale WECS that are primarily intended to provide accessory power, but contribute surplus energy to the grid, may also be considered accessory small-scale WECS.
2.
AUDIBLEThe varying degrees of sound perception as reported by affidavit, including, but not limited to, just perceptible, audible, clearly audible, and objectionable.
3.
DECIBEL (dB)The practical unit of measurement for sound pressure level; the number of decibels of a measured sound is equal to 20 times the logarithm to the base 10 of the ratio of the sound pressure of the measured sound to the sound pressure of a standard sound (20 microPascals); abbreviated "dB."
a.
BA The A-weighted sound level.
b.
BC The C-weighted sound level.
c.
LMax (LAMax or LCMax)The maximum db(A) or db(C) sound level measured using the fast response setting of the sound meter (equivalent to 0.125 second exponential averaging time).
4.
EQUIVALENT SOUND LEVEL (or LEQ)The sound level measured in decibels with an integrating sound level meter and averaged on an energy basis over a specific duration.
7.
SOUND PRESSUREAn average rate at which sound energy is transmitted through a unit area in a specified direction. The pressure of the sound measured at a receiver.
9.
TIP HEIGHTThe height of the turbine with a blade at the highest vertical point. Height is measured from grade to the highest point of WECS when a blade is in its vertical orientation.
WIRELESS TELECOMMUNICATION FACILITY
A freestanding facility, building, pole, tower, or structure
used to provide commercial cellular telecommunication services, that
consists of antennas, equipment and storage, and other accessory structures.
There are no definitions beginning with X.
|
YARD
The open area between a building and a property line, as
determined by the actual construction on a property. A required setback
is the area of the yard that shall not be built on, as required by
the minimum setback requirement. The types of yards are as follows:
1.
FRONT YARDThe open space between the wall or element of the building and the front property line, less any area designated as a public right-of-way.
[Amended 2-21-2024 by Ord. No. 1843]
2.
SECONDARY STREET YARDThe open space between the wall or element of the building and the secondary street frontage property line, less any area designated as a public right-of-way.
[Amended 2-21-2024 by Ord. No. 1843]
3.
REAR YARDThe open space between the wall or element of the building and the rear property line.
4.
SIDE YARDThe open space between the wall or element of the building and a side property line.
ZONE DISTRICT
An area designated for a certain set of regulations under
UDO due to a distinct character or purpose.
ZONING
Regulation of development through land use classifications
and dimensional standards.
ZONING ACT
The Michigan Zoning Enabling Act, Public Act 110 of 2006, as amended, or any successor acts.
ZONING MAP
The Official Map distinguishing zone district boundaries.