A.
For the purposes of this chapter,
certain terms and words used herein shall be interpreted as presented
below. Additional definitions are provided in the Stormwater Management
Plan for the Spring Creek Watershed Centre County, Pennsylvania, definitions
Appendix.
(1)
Words used in the present
tense include the future tense; the singular number includes the plural,
and the plural number includes the singular; words of masculine gender
include feminine gender; and words of feminine gender include masculine
gender.
(2)
The word "includes" or "including"
shall not limit the term to the specific example but is intended to
extend its meaning to all other instances of like, kind and character.
(3)
The word "person" includes
an individual, firm, association, organization, partnership, trust,
company, corporation, or any other similar entity.
(4)
The words "shall" and "must"
are mandatory; the words "may" and "should" are permissive.
(5)
The words "used or occupied"
include the words "intended, designed, maintained, or arranged to
be used, occupied or maintained."
B.
AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES
ALTERATION
APPLICANT
BMP (BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICE)
BUFFER AREA
CAPTURE DEPTH
CARBONATE
CHANNEL
CLOSED OR UNDRAINED DEPRESSION
CONSERVATION DISTRICT
CREDITS
DAM
DEP
DESIGNEE
DESIGN STORM
DETENTION BASIN
DEVELOPER
DEVELOPMENT SITE
DOLOMITE
DRAINAGE CONVEYANCE FACILITY
DRAINAGE EASEMENT
DRAINAGEWAY
EARTH DISTURBANCE ACTIVITY
EROSION
EROSION AND SEIMENT POLLUTION CONTROL PLAN
EXISTING CONDITIONS
FLOOD
FLOODPLAIN
FLOODWAY
FREEBOARD
GROUNDWATER RECHARGE
HYDROLOGIC SOIL GROUP
IMPERVIOUS SURFACE (AREA)
INFILTRATION RATE
INLET
KARST
LAND DEVELOPMENT
LAND/EARTH DISTURBANCE
LAND USE
LIMESTONE
MAIN STEM (MAIN CHANNEL)
MINIMUM ALLOWABLE DISCHARGE
MUNICIPAL ENGINEER
MUNICIPALITY
NATURAL CONSERVATION AREAS
NPDES
OUTFALL
OUTLET
PA DEP
PA DOT
PEAK DISCHARGE
PERCOLATION RATE
PIPE
POINT DISCHARGE
PROJECT SITE
QUALIFIED PROFESSIONAL
REGISTERED PROFESSIONAL
REGULATED ACTIVITIES
REGULATED EARTH DISTURBANCE ACTIVITY
RETENTION BASIN
RETURN PERIOD
RUNOFF
SAFE PASSAGE
SCOUR
SEDIMENT BASIN
SENSITIVE (WATER QUALITY) AREA
SHEET FLOW
SINKHOLE
SPILLWAY
SPRING CREEK WATERSHED STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
STABILIZATION
STORM SEWER
STORMWATER
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT FACILITY
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT SITE PLAN
STORMWATER QUALITY REQUIREMENTS
STRUCTURAL FILL
SUBSURFACE EXFILTRATION
SWALE
SWM
TOPOGRAPHY
UNDETAINED AREA
WATER QUALITY DEPTH
WATER QUALITY SENSITIVE (WQS) DEVELOPMENT
WATER QUALITY VOLUME
WATERSHED
WATERS OF THE COMMONWEALTH
WATER TABLE
WETLAND
Definitions. The following words
and phrases when used in this chapter shall have, unless the context
clearly indicates otherwise, the meanings given to them in this section.
All words and terms not defined herein or in the stormwater management
plan for the Spring Creek Watershed or in the Patton Township Code
of Ordinances' other chapters shall be used with a meaning or standard
usage.
Activities associated with agriculture such as agricultural
cultivation, agricultural operation, and heavy use areas. This includes
the work of producing crops including tillage, land clearing, plowing,
disking, harrowing, planting, harvesting crops or pasturing and raising
of livestock and installation of conservation measures. Construction
of new buildings or impervious areas is not considered an agricultural
activity.
As applied to land, a change in topography as a result of
the moving of soil and rock from one location or position to another;
also the changing of surface conditions by causing the surface to
be more or less impervious; land disturbance.
A landowner or developer who has filed an application for approval to engage in any regulated activities as defined in § 310-11 of this chapter.
Activities, facilities, designs, measures, or procedures
used to manage stormwater impacts from regulated activities, to meet
state water quality requirements, to promote groundwater recharge,
and to otherwise meet the purposes of this chapter. Stormwater BMPs
are commonly grouped into one of two broad categories or measures:
"structural" or "nonstructural." In this chapter, nonstructural BMPs
or measures refer to operational and/or behavior-related practices
that attempt to minimize the contact of pollutants with stormwater
runoff whereas structural BMPs or measures are those that consist
of a physical device or practice that is installed to capture and
treat stormwater runoff. Structural BMPs include, but are not limited
to, a wide variety of practices and devices, from large-scale retention
ponds and constructed wetlands, to small-scale underground treatment
systems, infiltration facilities, filter strips, low-impact design,
bioretention, wet ponds, permeable paving, grassed swales, riparian
or forested buffers, sand filters, detention basins, and manufactured
devices. Structural stormwater BMPs are permanent appurtenances to
the project site.
Area that is protected from development in order to prevent
degradation of the water body or water quality.
Depth of runoff captured from a given area and either allowed
to evaporate, infiltrate, or be discharged through a spillway at a
negligible rate.
A sediment formed by the organic or inorganic precipitation
of mineral compounds characterized by the fundamental chemical ion
CO3, the principal element in limestone and
dolomite.
A perceptible natural or artificial waterway, which periodically
or continuously contains moving water, having a definite bed and banks
which confine the water.
In a karst geologic area, a distinct bowl-shaped depression
in the land surface; size and amplitude are variable; drainage is
internal. It differs from a sinkhole in that the ground surface is
unbroken and usually occurs in greater density per unit area.
The Centre County Conservation District.
A deduction from the required amount. In this chapter, implies
reduction of required water quality volumes due to using a recommended
practice.
An artificial barrier, together with its appurtenant works,
constructed for the purpose of impounding or storing water or another
fluid or semifluid, or a refuse bank, fill or structure for highway,
railroad or other purposes which does or may impound water or another
fluid or semifluid.
The Department of Environmental Protection.
The agent of a planning commission and/or agent of the governing
body involved with the administration, review or enforcement of any
provisions of this chapter.
The magnitude and temporal distribution of precipitation
from a storm event measured in probability of occurrence (e.g., a
five-year storm) and duration (e.g., 24 hours), used in the design
and evaluation of stormwater management systems.
An impoundment structure designed to manage stormwater runoff
by temporarily storing the runoff and releasing it at a predetermined
rate.
A person, partnership, association, corporation, or other
entity, or any responsible person therein or agent thereof, that undertakes
any regulated activity of this chapter.
The specific tract of land for which a regulated activity
is proposed.
A stormwater management facility designed to transmit stormwater
runoff and shall include streams, channels, swales, pipes, conduits,
culverts, storm sewers, etc.
A right granted by a landowner to a grantee, allowing the
use of private land for stormwater management purposes.
The natural or man-made path of surface water from a given
area.
A construction or other human activity which disturbs the
surface of the land, including, but not limited to, clearing and grubbing;
grading; excavations; embankments; road maintenance; building construction;
and the moving, depositing, stockpiling, or storing of soil, rock,
or earth materials.
The movement of soil particles by the action of water, wind,
ice, or other natural forces.
A plan that is designed to minimize accelerated erosion and
sedimentation.
The initial condition of a project site prior to the proposed
construction.
A general but temporary condition of partial or complete
inundation of normally dry land areas from the overflow of streams,
rivers, and other waters of this commonwealth.
Any land area susceptible to inundation by water from any
natural source or delineated by applicable Department of Housing and
Urban Development, Federal Insurance and Mitigation Administration
Flood Hazard Boundary - Mapped as being a special flood hazard area.
The channel of the watercourse and those portions of the
adjoining floodplains that are reasonably required to carry and discharge
the 100-year frequency flood. Unless otherwise specified, the boundary
of the floodway is as indicated on maps and flood insurance studies
provided by Federal Insurance and Mitigation Administration (FIMA).
In an area where no FIMA maps or studies have defined the boundary
of the 100-year frequency floodway, it is assumed, absent evidence
to the contrary, that the floodway extends from the stream to 50 feet
from the top of each bank of the stream.
A vertical distance between the elevation of the design high-water
and the top of a dam, levee, tank, basin, or diversion ridge. The
space is required as a safety margin in a pond or basin.
Replenishment of underground water supplies.
Infiltration rates of soils vary widely and are affected
by subsurface permeability as well as surface intake rates. Soils
are classified into four HSGs (A, B, C, and D) according to their
minimum infiltration rate, which is obtained for bare soil after prolonged
wetting. The NRCS defines the four groups and provides a list of most
of the soils in the United States and their group classification.
The soils in the area of the development site may be identified from
a soil survey report that can be obtained from local NRCS offices
or conservation district offices. Soils become less pervious as the
HSG varies from A to D (NRCS 3,4).
A surface that prevents the infiltration of water into the
ground. Impervious surfaces (or areas) shall include, but not be limited
to, roofs, additional indoor living spaces, patios, garages, storage
sheds and similar structures, and any new streets or sidewalks. Decks,
parking areas, and driveway areas are not counted as impervious areas
if they do not prevent infiltration.
The infiltration rate of a soil is related to the soil's
final infiltration capacity and represents the rate at which water
enters the soil/air interface at the top of the soil profile. Infiltration
rates are measured in units of length/time.
A surface connection to a closed drain. A structure at the
diversion end of a conduit. The upstream end of any structure through
which water may flow.
A type of topography that is formed over limestone, dolomite,
or gypsum by bedrock solution, and that is characterized by closed
depressions or sinkholes, caves, and underground drainage (from American
Geologic Institute, Glossary of Geology, 1972).
Inclusive of any or all of the following meanings:
Any activity involving grading, digging, or filling of ground
or stripping of vegetation or any other activity that causes an alteration
to the natural condition of the land.
Any purpose for which a building or other structure or a
tract of land may be designed, arranged, intended, maintained or occupied
or any activity, occupation, business or operation carried on in a
building or other structure on a tract of land.
A rock that, by accumulation of organic remains, consists
mainly of calcium carbonate.
Any stream segment or other runoff conveyance facility used
as a reach in the Spring Creek hydrologic model.
In relation to this chapter, the minimum rate that can be
discharged for any drainage area for design storm events up to and
including the ten-year event regardless of the modeled predevelopment
runoff estimate.
A professional engineer licensed in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
and duly appointed by the municipality.
The Township of Patton Centre County, Pennsylvania.
A natural area protected during development for its water
quality or recharge-enhancing abilities.
National Pollution Discharge Elimination System as established
by the Federal Clean Water Act,[2] the Pennsylvania Clean Streams Law (35 P.S. §§ 691.1
to 691.1001) and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Point where water flows form a conduit, stream, or drain.
Points of water disposal from a stream, river, lake, tidewater
or artificial drain.
Pennsylvania State Department of Environmental Protection.
Pennsylvania Department of Transportation.
The maximum rate of stormwater runoff from a specific storm
event.
The rate at which water moves through a soil profile. Percolation
rates are measured in units of time/length.
A culvert, closed conduit, or similar structure (including
appurtenances) that conveys stormwater.
The discharge from a pipe or channel that concentrates runoff
at a single area.
The specific area of land where any regulated activities
in the municipality are planned, conducted, or maintained.
A soil scientist, geologist, hydrogeologist, geotechnical
engineer or other professional who is qualified by the basis of training
and experienced to render opinions and recommendations regarding recharge
and sinkholes as stated in this chapter. The Municipal Engineer shall
determine, based on the professional's record of training and experience,
if an individual is qualified to provide opinions and recommendations
as stated in this chapter.
An individual registered in and licensed by the State of
Pennsylvania and authorized to certify subdivision and land development
plans in accordance with Section 503(1) of the Municipalities Planning
Code.[3]
Actions or proposed actions that have an impact on stormwater runoff and that are specified in § 310-4 of this chapter.
Activity involving earth disturbance subject to regulation
under 25 Pa. Code 92a, 25 Pa. Code Chapter 102, or the Clean Streams
Law.[4]
An impoundment in which stormwater is stored and not released
during the storm event. Stored water may be released from the basin
at some time after the end of the storm.
The average interval, in years, within which a storm event
of a given magnitude can be expected to recur. For example, the twenty-five-year
return period rainfall has a 4% probability of occurring in any given
year.
Any part of precipitation that flows over the land surface.
The routing of peak runoff events, usually the 100-year design
event, safely through a structure without failure of that structure.
Generally refers to the change in a channel configuration
provoked by sediment imbalance, due to natural or man-made causes,
between the supply and transport capacity of the channel.
A barrier, dam, retention or detention basin located and
designed to retain rock, sand, gravel, silt, or other material transported
by water.
An area protected because development within that area could
potentially cause contamination of groundwater reservoirs. These sensitive
land areas are defined in Appendix B, Exhibit 1.[5]
Runoff that flows over the ground surface as a thick, even
layer, not concentrated in a channel.
A localized, gradual or rapid sinking of the land surface
to a variable depth, occurring in areas of carbonate bedrock; generally
characterized by a roughly circular outline, a distinct breaking of
the ground surface and downward movement of soil into bedrock voids.
A depression in the embankment of a pond or basin which is
used to pass peak discharge greater than the maximum design storm
controlled by the pond.
The plan for managing stormwater runoff in the Spring Creek
Watershed adopted by the Centre County Commissioners on June 21, 2002,
as required by the Act of October 4, 1978, P.L. 864, (Act 167), and
known as the "Spring Creek Watershed Action 167 Stormwater Management
Plan."
The proper placing, grading and/or covering of soil, rock
or earth to ensure their resistance to erosion, sliding or other movement.
A system of pipes and/or open channels that convey intercepted
runoff and stormwater from other sources, but excludes domestic sewage
and industrial wastes.
Drainage runoff from the surface of the land resulting from
precipitation or snow or ice melt.
Any structure, natural or man-made, that, due to its condition,
design, or construction, conveys, stores, or otherwise affects stormwater
runoff. Typical stormwater management facilities include, but are
not limited to, detention and retention basins, open channels, storm
sewers, pipes, and infiltration structures.
The plan prepared by the developer or their representative
indicating how stormwater runoff will be managed at the development
site in accordance with this chapter.
The regulatory requirements to protect, maintain, reclaim,
and restore water quality under Title 25 of the Pennsylvania Code
and the Clean Streams Law.
For the purposes of this chapter, shall imply any soil mass
that is compacted in lifts to some tested criteria (standard or modified
proctor) such as those under foundations or adjacent to retaining
walls. Areas that for several years after construction respond to
precipitation events similar to impervious areas.
The process by which water or moisture moves from a subsurface
trench, bed, or other feature into the subsoil. Exfiltration is best
measured by a soil's percolation rate.
A natural low-lying stretch of land or minor man-made conveyance
channel which gathers or carries surface water runoff.
Stormwater management.
The general configuration of a land surface or any part of
the earth's surface, including its relief and position of its natural
and man-made features. The natural or physical surface features of
a region, considered collectively as to its form.
An area of a site that cannot be routed to a stormwater management
facility because of its location. Generally small areas around access
drives or below stormwater management facilities.
Depth of precipitation required to be used in computing the
water quality volume based on the percentage of imperviousness of
a site.
Land development projects that have a high potential to cause catastrophic loss to local water quality and could potentially threaten groundwater reservoirs. See § 310-14 for additional definition.
Volume of runoff required to be controlled from a site in
a water quality BMP.
The entire region or area drained by a river or other body
of water, whether natural or artificial, a drainage basin or subbasin.
Any and all rivers, streams, creeks, rivulets, ditches, watercourses,
lakes, dammed water, wetlands, ponds, springs, and all other bodies
or channels of conveyance of surface and underground water, or parts
thereof, whether natural or artificial, within or on the boundaries
of this commonwealth.
Upper surface of a layer of saturated material in the soil.
Those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or
ground water at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and
that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation
typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions, including
swamps, marshes, bogs, fens, and similar areas.
