Township of Hanover, PA Construction Standards

General construction season. The installation of all improvements shall begin on March 15 and shall end on December 31 of any year, except with written permission of the Township Engineer.

Placement of paving mixtures. Bituminous paving mixtures shall not be placed between October 31 and April 1 of any year, except with the written permission of the Township Engineer. Also, bituminous paving mixtures shall not be placed when prohibited by weather as specified in PennDOT Pub. 408, Section 401.3.

Cement concrete structures. All poured in place concrete structures shall be cured and protected as specified in PennDOT Pub. 408, Section 1001.3.

Improvements. All improvements offered to the Township or required to be made shall be of first order and undamaged condition at the time of acceptance by the Township, or final approval of the Township.

Sinkholes. All sinkholes which exist within any easement or any area being dedicated to the Township shall be repaired to the satisfaction of the Township. Sinkholes may not be filled with construction waste materials or any other type of debris.

Limit of open trench. Not more than 100 feet of trench shall be excavated in advance of pipe or utility installation and backfilling. All trenches shall be closed at the end of each working day or appropriate safety precautions shall be taken to guard against accidents or collapse of trench walls.

Safety. Compliance with all state and federal and/or local regulations and rules regarding the safety of all the people and the construction site is the developer's responsibility.

Control of the work. The Township and/or its agents, employees, or consultants have no control over the actual construction of improvements. The construction methods, procedures and safety precautions are the developer's responsibility.

Observation of work and approvals.

Township and/or its inspectors shall have a right to make observations of the work in progress and perform or observe performance of tests as necessary to record compliance or noncompliance of construction of improvements for use in making decisions as to whether or not the developer is in compliance with approved development plans, specifications and/or local ordinances. The Township remedies for noncompliance or ordinance violation include but may not be limited to:

(a)

Nonapproval of certificates of occupancy.

(b)

Nonrelease of performance security.

(c)

Request for additional performance security.

(d)

Nonacceptance of improvements.

(e)

Remedies specified in a developer's agreement.

Observation of the construction and/or performance or observation of tests can be conducted by the Township and/or its inspectors or (as appropriate) by the public utility authority or public utility company responsible for a particular required service utility.

Maintenance of improvements. After construction and approval of improvements, the developer may be responsible for maintenance of improvements for a period of time that is specified in the developer's agreement(s). After the expiration of the developer's responsibilities for installation and maintenance responsibilities, the maintenance responsibilities for improvements shall be as follows:

For any public utility such as water service, sanitary service, electric or gas, the maintenance by the utility authority or company shall extend to the limit of a public right-of-way line or public easement line or a shutoff valve or terminal connecting manhole or other similar private line connection point, unless otherwise regulated in the utility owner's rates, rules and regulations, or other specific ordinances or agreements either currently in effect or which may be approved in the future.

For public street rights-of-way, the Township or state maintenance responsibility shall extend to the limit of the traveled cartway and shoulders. In the case of a curbed road, the Township or state maintenance responsibility shall extend to the curb face. The Township, along Township roads, and the state, along state roads, have a right to take on additional maintenance beyond the curb or shoulder limits as they might determine necessary or desirable, on a case-by-case basis for items such as traffic regulation signs and signals. The curb, sidewalk, street trees, planting screens and grass located in or along the edge of the roadway is the maintenance responsibility of the abutting private property owner, unless otherwise specifically defined by existing or future ordinances or amendments.

Public parks or dedicated and accepted open space, recreation areas, or stormwater management areas accepted by fee simple deed and by Township resolution as public lands shall be maintained by the Township to the limits of the lands so accepted.

Utility and/or storm drainage easements or rights-of-way, emergency access easements or rights-of-way, and/or pedestrian easements or rights-of-way located on a private property shall be maintained by the owner of the private property. The owner of the private property shall maintain the easement or right-of-way in grassed or improved condition in accordance with the elevations, grades and designs shown on the approved development plans. These easements or rights-of-way shall be maintained free of obstructions such as fill, temporary or permanent structures, and plants, except as may be shown on approved development plans. The applicable utility owner and/or Township shall, however, have the right to maintain, alter or improve these easements or rights-of-way or amend the approved development plans for these areas for the limited purposes of the easement.

Reference to other specifications.

Throughout this chapter references will be made to various industry standard specifications. When such standards are references, they are to be considered as being fully incorporated and repeated into and as a part of this chapter.

These document references, in part, refer to "PennDOT Pub. 408." This document is the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation Specifications, Publication 408, current edition.

[Amended 6-22-2010 by Ord. No. 10-04]

§ 67-3 Streets and roads.

[Amended 2-14-2006 by Ord. No. 06-02; 6-22-2010 by Ord. No. 10-04]

All streets and roads shall be constructed and built in accordance with the following standards. The roadway pavement requirements listed in Subsections A, B and C are shown on Exhibit A attached hereto and made a part hereof.[1]

Type I: Arterial/heavy traffic (e.g., Schoenersville Road).

Minimum thirty-eight-foot cartway and twelve-foot PennDOT Type 1-SP fully paved shoulders (each side) or greater as required by traffic volume analysis or PennDOT requirements; minimum 3/4% surface drainage gradient to storm drainage collection points. Subgrade shall be checked for crown and grade to satisfy finished roadway surface requirements.

Three-inch compacted 2A coarse aggregate subbase spread full width to outer edge of shoulders with additional 2A coarse aggregate for shaping the cartway box and retaining the base course.

Six-inch minimum Superpave 37.5 mm base course, placed in two three-inch lifts per PennDOT Publication 408, Section 309, or thicker if required by road design analysis and/or PennDOT requirements.

Three-inch Superpave 19.0 mm binder course, in accordance with PennDOT Publication 408, Section 409, unless thicker binder course is required by road design analysis and/or PennDOT.

One-and-one-half-inch Superpave 9.5 mm wearing course placed per PennDOT Publication 408, Section 309, or thicker if required by road design analysis and/or PennDOT requirements. Superpave 12.5 mm or 19.0 mm wearing course may be required by traffic conditions.

Type II: Collector/Medium Traffic (E.G., Stoke Park Road).

Minimum thirty-four-foot cartway or greater as required by traffic volume analysis or PennDOT requirements; minimum 3/4% surface drainage gradient to storm drainage collection points. Subgrade shall be checked for crown and grade to satisfy finished roadway surface requirements.

Three-inch compacted 2A coarse aggregate subbase.

Five-inch minimum Superpave 25.0 mm base course, placed in one lift, per PennDOT Publication 408, Section 309, or thicker if required by road design analysis and/or PennDOT requirements.

Three-inch Superpave 19.0 mm binder course, in accordance with PennDOT Publication 408, Section 409, unless thicker binder course is required by road design analysis and/or PennDOT.

Type IIIA: Residential/local traffic (e.g., Stafore Drive) and IIIB: Single-family attached/local traffic (e.g., Maria Drive).

Minimum twenty-eight-foot for Type IIIA and thirty-four-foot for Type IIIB cartway or greater as required by traffic volume analysis or PennDOT requirements; minimum 3/4% surface drainage gradient to storm drainage collection points. Subgrade shall be checked for crown and grade to satisfy finished roadway surface requirements.

Three-inch compacted 2A coarse aggregate subbase.

Six-inch minimum Superpave 25.0 mm base course, placed in two three-inch lifts, per PennDOT Publication 408, Section 309, or thicker if required by road design analysis and/or PennDOT requirements.

One-and-one-half-inch Superpave 9.5 mm wearing course placed per PennDOT Publication 408, Section 309, or thicker if required by road design analysis and/or PennDOT requirements.

(Reserved)

Tack coat. A tack coat shall be required on all hot-mix asphalt base course and/or on binder surfaces prior to the placement of the wearing course paving, if, in the opinion of the inspector, the surface of the base or binder is nonadherent. Such tack coat shall be provided in accordance with Section 460 of Pub. 408.

(Reserved)

Repairs. Repairs shall be treated similar to new construction described in Subsections A through F. Repairs shall be cut along neat perimeter lines which shall be laid out 12 inches outside any area to be repaired. Use of air-driven spades and chisel tools or saws shall be required. Repaired areas shall conform to the specifics described above and shall be used in all cases. Joints shall be sealed with hot bituminous material of the class and type found in the surface course. This seal is to be a minimum 12 inches wide and is to be coated with sand to absorb excess material.

Driveways and parking lots. Where regulated by Chapter 73, Driveways, or Chapter 159, Subdivision and Land Development (NOTE: See requirements for sidewalks at driveways):

Light-use driveways and parking lots (less than 20 vehicles per day, servicing more than one single-family dwelling unit) shall be constructed as follows:

(a)

Subbase (Reference Specification PennDOT Publication 408, Section 350): six-inch minimum compacted 2A aggregate.

(b)

Surface course (Reference Specification PennDOT Publication 408, Section 309): 2 1/2 inches, Superpave 12.5 mm wearing course or thicker if required by driveway design analysis and/or PennDOT requirements.

Single-family driveways servicing only one dwelling unit of single-family detached or attached units shall be constructed with a minimum of six inches of crushed aggregate and a minimum two inches of Superpave 9.5 mm wearing course or alternate concrete design approved by the Township.

All other driveways and parking lots shall be constructed as follows:

(a)

Subbase (Reference Specification PennDOT Publication 408, Section 350): six inches minimum compacted 2A aggregate.

(b)

Surface course (Reference Specification PennDOT Public 408, Section 400): 4 1/2 inches minimum compacted paving consisting of three inches of Superpave 19.0 mm binder and 1 1/2 inches of Superpave 9.5 mm wearing course material, all in accordance with Sections 409.

Driveway entrances within Township rights-of-way shall be constructed to the same specifications as the roadway/street classification to which they connect.

General road construction requirements.

Performance specifications: PennDOT Pub. 408 (latest edition).

Rights-of-way section: shoulders to drain towards curb, edge of rights-of-way to be not less than four inches nor more than six inches above the top of curb, top of curb elevation difference to be not more than one inch in any section, gutter face of curb to be six inches with tolerance of minus 1/2 inch to plus 1 1/2 inches permitted with uniform transition.

Cartway crown: typical crown elevation to be 4 1/2 inches coincident with the center line of cartway, for arterials, collector streets, single-family attached/local street and 3 1/2 inches for local streets.

As-built survey records, signed by a registered engineer or surveyor, shall be furnished to the Township Engineer certifying that all construction conforms to Township standards. Such data shall include profile grades for right-of-way lines, top of curbs or shoulder edges, gutter lines and center line of cartway with control stations at fifty-foot intervals or less.

Street construction on fill. Any embankment material shall be placed in accordance with the requirements of PennDOT Pub. 408, Section 206.

(6)

Roadway geotextiles. In any new street constructed in any employment district of the Township a woven geotextile material shall be installed between the finished subgrade and the stone subbase. The material shall have a minimum grab tensile strength of 200 pounds and a maximum grab elongation of 15% in accordance with ASTM D-4632. This material shall be installed curb to curb and the rolls shall be laid out to overlap 12 to 18 inches. Further, roadway geotextile may be required for roadway repairs or at any problem areas within proposed or existing Township streets as directed by the Township Engineer.

(7)

Utility trench backfill. Within all street rights-of-way, backfilling shall be done in accordance with the requirements of PennDOT Pub. 408, Section 601. Under the paved portion of any street area backfilling shall be done with coarse aggregate for the full depth of the excavation and meeting the requirements of Pub. 408, Section 350.2, unless otherwise specified for the bedding portion of the trench.

(8)

Fully paved shoulders. For Type I roads, shoulder paving thickness should be designed to meet load and soil characteristics and/or PennDOT requirements for fully paved shoulders with a full depth bituminous concrete base course.

(9)

Street and stop signs. Street signs and stop signs shall be provided and installed in accordance with the Township specifications and further shall be installed at the locations shown on the drawings within five days of the installation of street base paving.

(10)

Sealer. Seal the wearing course adjacent to curbs with hot bituminous material of the class and type designated for the wearing course, extending to 12 inches from the curb and apply evenly. Class E-1, E-6 or E-8 emulsified asphalt will be permitted in place of the hot bituminous material. Material shall be applied as specified in PennDOT Pub. 408, Section 401.3.

(11)

Pavement markings. Pavement markings including such items as line striping and stop bars, lettering and arrows shall be provided in accordance with PennDOT standards and the approved project plans.

Typical cross section (see Exhibit A[2]).

[2]

Editor's Note: Exhibit A is located at the end of this chapter.

Editor’s Note: Exhibit A is located at the end of this chapter.

§ 67-4 Upright curbs and subdrains.

All upright curb and subdrains shall be constructed in accordance with the following standards:

Concrete is to be provided, placed, cured and finished to PennDOT Specifications Pub. 408 (current edition), Sections 704 and 1001. Type A concrete (3,300 psi, twenty-eight-day strength) shall be used.

Slopes: as indicated.

Finish: all exposed surfaces to be finished.

Expansion joints: one-half-inch premoulded, bituminous, expansion joint material at thirty-foot intervals or less.

Contraction joints: spaced at equal intervals between expansion joints, not to exceed 10 feet, to be formed by division plates or saw cut.

Radius corners and driveways: as directed by the Township Engineer.

Subdrain: six-inch perforated or open joint tile with untreated building paper cover. Outfall as directed by the Township Engineer.

Depress curb for the full sidewalk width where sidewalks abut curb at intersections, for handicapped access. Provide a maximum curb exposure at pavement of 1/2 inch.

Curb forms: Radius curb forms shall be used on all returns, on all culs-de-sac, and on all road curves with a center line radius of 500 feet or less.

Curb cut sheets shall be submitted to the Township Engineer for his review a minimum of three working days prior to forming the curb. The stake out for the curb shall have stakes at a maximum of 10 feet on all curves and 20 feet on all straight or tangent sections. Stakes shall be set at all points on curve and points on tangent of all curves and their station numbers shall be provided.

The typical cross section is shown on Exhibit B attached hereto and made a part hereof.[1]

[Amended 6-22-2010 by Ord. No. 10-04]

Editor's Note: Exhibit B is located at the end of this chapter.

§ 67-5 Rolled curbs and gutters.

Rolled curb and gutter shall be constructed in accordance with the following standards:

Slopes: as indicated.

Finish: all exposed surfaces to be finished.

Expansion joints: one-half-inch premoulded, bituminous expansion joint material at thirty-foot intervals or less.

Contraction joints: spaced at equal intervals between expansion joints, not to exceed 10 feet, to be formed by division plates.

Radius corners and driveways: as directed by the Township Engineer.

A rolled curb and gutter shall be allowed only by special approval of the Board of Supervisors as replacement or repair along existing road sections constructed with rolled curb and gutter.

Depress curb for the full sidewalk width where sidewalks abut curb at intersections, for handicapped access. Provide a maximum curb exposure at pavement of 1/2 inch.

Typical cross section (see Exhibit C[1]).

Editor's Note: Exhibit C is on file in the Township offices.

Radius curb forms shall be used at the locations specified in § 67-4 above.

§ 67-6 Sidewalks.

Sidewalks shall be constructed in accordance with the following standards:

Sidewalk thickness: residential, four inches; other, five inches; at residential driveway, six inches; and at industrial driveways, eight inches. Finish with wood float, roughen finish for slopes in excess of 4%. The concrete sidewalk shall be placed upon a six-inch-thick compacted stone base, consisting of Type 2A stone.

Drainage slope to be maintained at 1/4 inch per foot towards curb.

[Amended 6-22-2010 by Ord. No. 10-04]

Expansion joints to be one-half-inch premoulded bituminous expansion material at thirty-foot intervals; next to buildings, poles, structures and curbs; around intersections of two walks; driveway apron joint to wall, curb or sidewalk; and at ends of all walks and curbs including radius curbs.

Contraction joints to be spaced at equal intervals between expansion joints, not to exceed five feet for sidewalks to be formed by division plates or cutting groove into concrete surface not less than 1/3 entire depth of slab.

Minimum No. 6, six by six mesh to be used in concrete driveway construction.

Sidewalks along local streets or sidewalks required outside of street rights-of-way in pedestrian easements or in open space or recreation areas can be constructed of hot mix asphalt with a minimum thickness of three inches substituted for cement concrete, upon approval of the Board of Supervisors. Such sidewalk shall conform to Subsection C outlined above. This sidewalk shall consist of a compacted six-inch 2A coarse aggregate base. The hot mix asphalt shall be Superpave asphalt mixture design, HMA wearing course, PG 64-22, 0.0 to 0.3 million ESALs, 12.5 mm mix, SRL-any. The 2A course aggregate and Superpave Mixture Design shall conform to PennDOT Standards.

[Amended 6-22-2010 by Ord. No. 10-04]

Handicap access ramps shall be provided where sidewalks meet curbs.

Typical cross section (see Exhibit D[1]).

Editor's Note: Exhibit D is on file in the Township offices.

§ 67-7 Planting in or near rights-of-way.

[Amended 2-12-2002 by Ord. No. 02-01]

All plantings located in rights-of-way or adjacent thereto shall be done in accordance with the following standards:

Planting locations are designated on the sidewalk standard typical cross-section drawing, Exhibit D.[1]

Editor's Note: Exhibit D is on file in the Township offices.

Species allowed without overhead wires. If no overhead wires are present, the species in this section must be used: Norway Maple (Acer platanoids Crimson King); Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum Green Mountain etc., no columnar cultivars); Sugar Hackberry (Celtis laevigata All Seasons); Hackberry (Celtis occidentalis Prairie Pride, Magnifica); Turkish Filbert or Hazel (Corylus colurna); White Ash (Fraxinus Americana, many cultivars), Green Ash (Fraxinus pennsylvania, many cultivars, some seedless); Ginkgo-male only (Ginkgo biloba Autumn Gold, no columnar cultivars); Sweet Gum (Liquidambar styraciflua, Rotundifolia is seedless); Oak [Quercus species; white (alba), shingle (imbricaria), willow (phellos), English (robur), red (rubra), Shumard (shumardii), bur (macrocarpa), Sawtooth (acutissima)]; Japanese Scholartree or Pagodatree (Sophora japonica Halka, Princeton or Regent); Linden [Tilia species: American (americana), little leaf (cordata), Crimean-ungrafted (euchlora), silver (tomentosa)]; Hybrid Elm (Ulmus hybrids: Homestead, Pioneer); American Elm - Dutch Elm resistant (Ulmas americana Delaware, Dynasty, Princeton); and Zelkova (Zelkova serrata Village Green, Green Vase, Halka).

[Amended 1-13-2004 by Ord. No. 04-01]

Species allowed with overhead wires:

[Amended 1-13-2004 by Ord. No. 04-01]

Under 30 feet (directly under overhead wires): Trident Maple (Acer buergerianum); Hedge Maple (Acer campestre); Tatarian Maple (Acer tataricum); Serviceberry (many cultivars) (Amelanchier x grandiflora); American Hornbeam (Carpinus caroliniana); Hawthorn [Crataegus species: Crimson Cloud, Superba (laevigata) Ohio Pioneer (punctata), Inermis (crusgalli), Winter King (viridis)]; Crabapple (disease and fireblight resistant) (Malus cultivars: Adams, Centurion, Donald Wyman, Henningi, Indian Summer, Prairie Fire, Professor Sprengei, Red Jewel, Robinson, Snowdrift, Spring Snow, Sugar Tyme, Strawberry Parfait, White Angel); Redbud Crabapple (Malus x zumi Calocarpa); Japanese Flowering Crabapple (Malus floribunda); Japanese Tree Lilac (Syringa reticulata Summer Snow, Regent, Ivory Silk); and Japanese Snowbell (Styrax japonica).

Thirty to 45 feet (20 feet to 40 feet) from the closest overhead wire: Goldenrain Tree (Koelreuteria paniculata); Hop Hornbeam (Ostrya virginiana); European Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus, no columnar cultivars); Amur Cork Tree-male only (Phellodendron amurense Mach); Korean Mountain Ash (Sorbus ainifolia); European Mountain Ash (Sorbus Aucuparia); Yoshino Cherry (Prunus yedoensis); and Chinese Elm (Ulmus parvifolia)."

Shrubs may be planted in the planting area subject to being kept trimmed to 36 inches or less in height and not allowed to overhang the street or sidewalk area. No thorny variety shrubs are permitted in this planting area.

All trees are to be long stem, headed at least seven feet above the ground with clearance provided on both the street and sidewalk sides.

No tree shall be planted within 50 feet of intersecting street or road cartway lines.

Care should be taken to avoid conflict with underground utility lines or laterals.

The Hanover Township Board of Supervisors may, upon recommendation from the Township Shade Tree Commission, approve species of trees other than those listed here if the applicant proves to the satisfaction of the Hanover Township Board of Supervisors that the trees would be sturdy, suitable, and resistant to blight or disease.

If more than 20 street trees are required for a development, no more than 40% may be of any one species. Also, species must be alternated so no more than 40% of any one species are on one street.

The following species shall not be permitted within Township rights-of-way or within required planting screens or strips: American Elm (non Dutch Elm resistant); Birch (any species); Black Locust; Boxelder; Bradford Callery; Pear; Callery Pears; Catalpa; Ginko-female; Horsechestnut; Hickory (any species); Mulberry; Pin Oak; Poplar (any species); Sassafras; Silver Maple; Sumac; Sycamore/Plane Trees; Honey Locust; Tree of Heaven; Walnut; and Willow (any species).

[Amended 1-13-2004 by Ord. No. 04-01]

Planting of trees or shrubs in Township rights-of-way or in planting easements shall include digging a properly sized well for the root ball; proper soil preparation; installation of bagged and balled nursery quality stock; watering and placement of backfill; addition of nutrients and placement of mulch; stem wrapping, staking and tying (trees). It shall also include removing of wrapping, staking and guying before the end of the required maintenance period. When planting bagged and balled plant material, nylon twine or nylon burlap shall not be used. Any plantings in a metal basket shall have the basket cut vertically and horizontally. Follow the typical planting details shown in Appendix F-1 through F-3.[2]

[2]

Editor's Note: Appendixes F-1 through F-3 are on file in the Township offices.

All trees which have experienced any disturbance or have had damages to the roots or branches shall be fertilized as follows:

Trees shall be fertilized in early fall (September to October) or mid-spring (April to May), whichever is proper for the type of tree planted.

Fertilizer shall be broadcast in the soil surface in an area twice the size of the tree protection zone (as defined in Chapter 159, Subdivision and Land Development) at the rates given in Subsection L(4) below. A minimum of 1,000 square feet per tree shall receive fertilization.

Fertilizer grade shall have approximately three parts nitrogen to one part phosphorus and potassium (3-1-1 ratio).

Fertilizer shall be applied at a rate equivalent to one pound of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet.

§ 67-8 Tree and shrub screening.

All tree and shrub screening shall be done in accordance with the following standards:

Ten- or fifteen-foot planting screen and/or strip:

Type	Size (feet high)	Spacing (feet)
Pyramidal Yew	5	6
or Colorado Blue Spruce	5	12
or White Pine	5	12
or Douglas Fir	5	12
or Upright Green Juniper	5	6

NOTE: Plant seven feet from property line.

Fence landscaping screen:

	Type	Size (feet high)	Spacing (feet)
	Golden Privet	3	3
	or Winged Euonymus	3	6

NOTE: Plant 24 inches from fence.

Detention basin landscaping ground cover: Place four inches minimum topsoil in pond bottom, and prepare and seed per PennDOT Pub. 408 specifications, and as follows: For basins anticipated to be permanent, plant seed "Formula W" at 21 pounds per 1,000 square yards.

Twenty-foot planting screen and/or strip. One ten-foot planting screen, plus:

[Amended 1-13-2004 by Ord. No. 04-01]

Type	Size (feet high)	Spacing (feet)
Kousa Dogwood (Single Stem)	7	20
or Hawthorn, Washington	7	20
or Japanese Maple	7	20
or Allegheny Serviceberry	7	20
or American Red Bud	7	20

NOTE: Mixing tree varieties is permitted. The deciduous trees shall be seven feet from property line and the evergreen plantings shall be 17 feet from property line.

Twenty-five-foot planting screen and/or strip (see Exhibit E[1]).

Type I: material to be minimum five feet high and to be White Pine, Douglas Fir or Blue Spruce.

Type II: material to be minimum seven feet high and can be taken from deciduous tree list allowed for twenty-foot planting screen.

Editor's Note: Exhibit E is on file in the Township offices.

Fifty-foot planting screen and/or strip: one twenty-five-foot plant screen (adjacent to property line), plus one row of the following material 37 feet from the property line:

Material	Size (feet high)	Spacing (feet)
California Privet	3	3
or Autumn Olive	3	3
or Tall Hedge (Rhammus Frangula Columnaris)	3	3

General landscaping specifications:

Material and arrangement substitutes to the above schedules may be permitted, but only upon approval of the Board of Supervisors.

Required screens must be kept in good order and allowed to grow. If material should die or become diseased, it must be replaced with new material meeting these standards.

In public roads or in planting screens, planting strips, buffer strips, pedestrian easements, pathway easements, treeline easements, drainage easements, and undedicated common open space areas, and around detention basins, no live tree or live shrub may be removed or destroyed without written permission of the Hanover Township Board of Supervisors. As a condition to such permission, the Hanover Township Board of Supervisors may require the installation of new plant material to replace material being removed, in accordance with Chapter 159, Subdivision and Land Development, and other Township ordinances.

Plants which are to remain on a construction site shall be protected by tree protection fencing erected at their drip lines prior to any construction beginning.

§ 67-9 Storm sewers.

All storm sewer facilities, including piping, inlets, structures and other facilities, shall be constructed in accordance with the following standards:

Pipe and bedding.

Pipe. All storm sewer pipe shall be new reinforced concrete pipe with "O" ring joints meeting or exceeding ASTM C76 Class III Requirements.

Bedding. All storm sewer pipe shall be laid in Class B fine aggregate bedding as per Section 703.1 of PennDOT Pub. 408, in shaped subgrade, as specified in PennDOT Standards for Roadway Construction RC-30.

Endwalls, end sections, inlets and manholes. All storm sewer structures and appurtenances shall be precast or built in place in accordance with Section 605 of PennDOT Pub. 408 and PennDOT's "Standards for Roadway Construction":

Endwalls: RC-31.

End sections: RC-33.

Inlets: RC-34.

Manholes: RC-39.

Special structures such as culverts, inlet boxes, junction boxes, or detention basin outlet structures shall be detailed completely on approved development plans and shall be constructed in accordance with those plans.

All pipe endwalls, wingwalls, and end sections, and all detention basin outlet structures shall be protected from frost related movement and scour activity by the construction of a concrete footer with a minimum depth of 30 inches below ground.

§ 67-10 Sanitary sewers.

All sanitary sewer piping and facilities shall be constructed in accordance with the rates, rules and regulations of Hanover Township, Northampton County, and the official "Sanitary Sewer Outline Specifications."

In addition, a standard manhole shall be constructed at the end of each lateral provided for any nonresidential user. Such manhole shall be located just inside the public utility easement or right-of-way, so that it is accessible for maintenance and flow sampling and for cutting off flows if necessary.

§ 67-11 Water mains.

All water mains and appurtenances shall be constructed and installed in conformance with the City of Bethlehem's Department of Public Works "Specifications for Laying Water Mains" in all portions of the Township, except that area of the Township serviced by the Westgate Water Company. Within the Westgate Water Company's service area, all water mains and appurtenances shall be installed in conformance with the specifications of the Westgate Water Company.

§ 67-12 Surface restoration.

Surface restoration with topsoil and grass shall be required in all areas of land being dedicated to the Township in fee simple or by way of easements, if such areas are not planned for some other type of improved surface. In these grassed areas and in all other areas planned for grass or similar vegetated soil cover, the following specifications shall be utilized for the surface restoration, unless the approved project plans show some alternate method of surface restoration:

PennDOT Pub. 408 specifications shall be used for topsoil installation, seed bed or sod bed preparation, fertilization, seeding or sodding and mulching.

Subsoil grading shall be done to a smooth and uniform condition, without sharp breaks and with 5:1 slopes or flatter, unless otherwise approved on the development plans.

Topsoil shall be at lease four inches thick.

Type "W" seed shall be used in drainageways.

Type "B" seed shall be used in other areas.

Sod may be used as desired or as needed to stabilize erodible areas.

No such area shall be accepted or approved by the Township unless the grass or approved ground cover has satisfactorily grown and stabilized the soils.

§ 67-13 Fencing.

All fencing provided shall be installed in accordance with the following specifications, unless the approved project plans show some alternate method of fencing:

Fencing shall be four-foot-high chain link fencing.

Chain link fabric. The fabric shall be aluminum coated chain link No. 9 gauge wire woven in a two-inch mesh. The top and bottom selvages of the fabric shall be knuckled; the basic steel to be of medium-high carbon quality. The aluminum coating shall be a minimum of 0.40 ounces per square foot of wire surface and have proper adherence to withstand wrapping coating wire on its own diameter without cracking or flaking of the coating. The fabric shall conform to ASTM designation A 491-80 in its entirety.

Framing and hardware. All steel pipe, posts and appurtenances used in the construction of all fences and gates shall be hot dipped galvanized, with a minimum zinc coating of 2.0 ounces per square foot of surface area.

Corner, line and gate posts: 21/2 inches OD, 3.65 lbs./LNFT.

Fence top rail: 15/8 inches OD, 2.27 lbs./LNFT.

Tension wire (bottom selvage of fence): seven-gauge aluminum-coated coil spring.

Tension bars: 3/16 inch by 3/4 inch bar.

Gate frames: 15/8 inches OD, 2.27 lbs./LNFT.

Miscellaneous accessories. The chain link fabric shall be securely fastened to all corner and end posts with tension bars and heavy eleven-gauge tension bands. There shall be one band for each foot in height of fabric. The fabric shall be fastened to all line posts with nine-gauge aluminum wire ties, spacing not to exceed 14 inches apart. Fabric shall be tied to all rails with nine-gauge aluminum wire ties, spacing not to exceed 24 inches. Fabric shall be attached to tension wire with aluminum hog rings at intervals not to exceed 24 inches. Gate latches shall be steel and shall be of lockable design. Double gate latches shall be equipped with a center drop bar and positive locking device with a suitable attachment to retain both gates in parallel position while closed. Drop bar center stops shall be installed in concrete.

Installation. The posts shall be erected on line and plumb in every direction. All posts shall be capped and spaced at 10 feet on centers, and shall be set in concrete. The footings are to be of Class A concrete (PennDOT standard), with minimum twenty-eight-day strength of 3,300 psi, poured in place. Footers shall be a minimum 12 inches in diameter and 30 inches deep. Chain link fabric shall be installed on the outside of the posts and shall be hung so that the bottom of the fabric is no more than two inches or no less than one inch from finished grade. The tension wire shall be stretched taut from end post to end post and securely fastened to each line post six inches above finished grade.

§ 67-14 Guide rails.

All guide rails shall be installed in accordance with Section 620 of PennDOT Pub. 408 and PennDOT's "Standards for Roadway Construction RC-52."

§ 67-15 Violations and penalties.

Any person who violates or permits a violation of this chapter shall, upon conviction in a summary proceeding brought before a District Justice under the Pennsylvania Rules of Criminal Procedure, be guilty of a summary offense and shall be punishable by a fine of not less than $300 nor more than $1,000, plus costs of prosecution. In default of payment thereof, the defendant may be sentenced to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 90 days. Each day or portion thereof that such violation continues or is permitted to continue shall constitute a separate offense, and each section of this chapter that is violated shall also constitute a separate offense.[1]