[HISTORY: Adopted by the Town Council of the Town of Farmington 5-26-1998.
Amendments noted where applicable.]
The Town Council of the Town of Farmington, Connecticut, finds:
A.
The operation of adult-oriented establishments in the
Town requires special regulation and supervision by the Town to protect, preserve
and promote the health, safety and welfare of the patrons, clients or customers
and employees of such establishments, as well as the health, safety and welfare
of the Town's citizens. Further, protecting order and morality, preserving
the character and preventing the deterioration of the Town's neighborhoods,
avoiding blight, decreasing crime and juvenile delinquency, promoting retail
trade, maintaining property values and ensuring sanitary and safe public places
are desirable objectives of the community and its leaders.
B.
Statistics and studies performed by a substantial number
of cities and towns in the United States indicate that:
(1)
Large numbers of persons frequent such adult-oriented
establishments, especially those which provide closed booths, cubicles, studios
and rooms for the private viewing of so-called “adult motion pictures”
and/or videotapes and/or live entertainment;
(2)
Such closed booths, cubicles, studios and rooms have
been used by patrons, clients or customers of such adult-oriented establishments
for the purpose of engaging in specified sexual activities;
(3)
Male and female prostitutes have been known to frequent
such establishments in order to provide sex for hire to the patrons, clients
or customers of such establishments within such booths, cubicles, studios
and rooms;
(4)
Doors, curtains, blinds and/or other closures installed
in or on the entrances and/or exits of such booths, cubicles, studios and
rooms which are closed while such booths, cubicles, studios and rooms are
in use encourage patrons, clients or customers using such booths, cubicles,
studios and rooms to engage in specified sexual activities therein with prostitutes
and/or with other persons and/or by themselves, thereby promoting and encouraging
prostitution and the commission of specified sexual activities which cause
blood, semen, urine or other bodily secretion to be deposited on the floors
and/or walls of such booths, cubicles, studios and rooms, which deposits could
prove detrimental to the health and safety of other persons who may come into
contact with such deposits;
(5)
Booths, cubicles, studios and rooms which are closed
while such booths, cubicles, studios and rooms are in use often contain holes
that have been cut or smashed out of the walls or other partitioning material.
These holes permit the inhabitant of one booth to engage in specified sexual
activities with the inhabitant of the adjoining booth, cubicle, studio or
room. These so-called "glory holes" promote
and encourage specified sexual acts to occur between persons anonymously.
Anonymous sexual contact poses a higher risk of the spread of communicable
diseases, including the AIDS virus and Hepatitis B and other sexually transmitted
diseases. Further, the existence of glory holes in booths, cubicles, studios
and rooms at adult-oriented establishments provides an increased risk that
blood, semen, urine or other bodily secretion will be deposited on the floors
and/or walls of such booths, cubicles, studios and rooms, which deposits could
prove detrimental to the health and safety of other persons who may come into
contact with such deposits;
(6)
Specified sexual activities often occur at unregulated
adult-oriented establishments which provide live adult entertainment. Specified
sexual activities include sexual physical contact between employees and patrons,
clients or customers of adult-oriented establishments, and specifically include
lap dancing, and/or manual or oral touching or fondling of specified anatomical
areas, whether clothed or unclothed. Such casual sexual physical contact between
strangers may result in the transmission of communicable diseases which would
be detrimental to the health of the patrons, clients or customers and employees
of such adult-oriented establishments;
(7)
The unregulated operation of adult-oriented establishments
is associated with an increase in the incidence of sex-related crimes and
also has a disruptive effect on the surrounding neighborhood by causing excessive
noise, parking problems, the presence of discarded sexually oriented material
on residential lawns and the performance of sexual acts in public places;
and
(8)
The reasonable regulation and supervision of such adult-oriented
establishments tends to discourage prostitution, other sex-related crimes,
anonymous, high-risk sexual contact and/or high-risk unsanitary sexual activity,
excessive noise and property devaluation, thereby decreasing the incidence
of communicable diseases and sex-related crimes, and thereby promoting and
protecting the health, safety and welfare of the employees and the public
who patronize such establishments, and protecting the health, safety and property
interests of the Town and its citizens.
C.
The continued unregulated operation of adult-oriented
establishments is and would be detrimental to the general welfare, health
and safety of the citizens of Farmington.
D.
The Constitution and laws of the State of Connecticut
grant to the Town powers, especially police power, to enact reasonable legislation
and measures to regulate and supervise adult-oriented establishments in order
to protect the public health, safety and welfare.
E.
It is not the intent of the Council, in enacting this
chapter, to deny to any person rights to speech protected by the United States
and/or State Constitutions, nor is it the intent of the Council to impose
any limitations or restrictions on the content of any communicative materials
including sexually oriented films, videotapes, books and/or other materials.
Further, by enacting this chapter, the Council does not intend to deny or
restrict the rights of any adult to obtain and/or view any sexually oriented
materials protected by the United States and/or State Constitutions, nor does
it intend to restrict or deny any constitutionally protected rights that distributors
or exhibitors of such sexually oriented materials may have to sell, distribute
or exhibit such materials.
For the purpose of this chapter, the following words and phrases shall
mean:
An establishment having a substantial or significant portion of its
stock and trade in books, films, videocassettes or magazines and other periodicals
which are distinguished or characterized by their emphasis on matter depicting,
describing or relating to specified sexual activities or specified anatomical
areas, as defined herein, and in conjunction therewith has facilities for
the presentation of adult entertainment, as defined herein, and including
adult-oriented films, movies or live entertainment, for observation by patrons,
clients or customers therein.
Includes any exhibition of any adult-oriented motion pictures, live
performance, display or dance of any type which has as a significant or substantial
portion of such performance any actual or simulated performance of specified
sexual activities or exhibition and viewing of specified anatomical areas,
removal of articles of clothing or appearing unclothed, pantomime, modeling
or any other personal services offered customers. It also includes any amusement
machine that is regularly used for presenting material distinguished or characterized
by an emphasis on matter depicting, describing or relating to specified sexual
activities or specified anatomical areas, as defined herein, for observation
by patrons, clients or customers thereof.
An enclosed building with a capacity of less than 50 persons regularly
used for presenting material distinguished or characterized by an emphasis
on matter depicting, describing or relating to specified sexual activities
or specified anatomical areas, as defined herein, for observation by patrons,
clients or customers therein.
An enclosed building with a capacity of 50 or more persons regularly
used for presenting material distinguished or characterized by an emphasis
on matter depicting, describing or relating to specified sexual activities
or specified anatomical areas, as defined herein, for observation by patrons,
clients or customers therein.
Shall include, without limitation, adult bookstores, adult motion-picture
theaters, adult mini motion-picture theaters and further means any premises
to which the public, patrons, clients or customers or members are invited
or admitted and wherein an entertainer provides adult entertainment, or which
premises are so physically arranged as to provide booths, cubicles, rooms,
studios, compartments or stalls separate from the common areas of the premises
for the purpose of viewing adult-oriented motion pictures or wherein an entertainer
provides adult entertainment, when such adult entertainment is held, conducted,
operated or maintained for profit, direct or indirect, or not for profit.
An adult-oriented establishment further includes, without limitation, any
adult entertainment studio or any premises that are physically arranged and
used as such, whether advertised or represented as an adult entertainment
studio, rap studio, exotic dance studio, encounter studio, sensitivity studio,
modeling studio or any other term of like import.
Any and all persons, including independent contractors, who work
in or at or render any services directly related to the operation of an adult-oriented
establishment.
Any person who provides entertainment within an adult-oriented establishment
as defined in this section, whether or not a fee is charged or accepted for
entertainment and whether or not entertainment is provided as an employee
or independent contractor.
The Director of Health, the Chief of Police, the Fire Marshal, their
agents or representatives, or any Town employee designated to make inspections
for health, fire, building safety, public safety, zoning purposes, violations
of this chapter, or for violations of other laws and ordinances of the Town.
Shall be deemed to refer to a person under the age of 18 years.
Any person, partnership, corporation or other entity operating, conducting
or maintaining an adult-oriented establishment.
Simulated or actual:
Showing of human genitals in a state of sexual stimulation or arousal.
Acts of masturbation, sexual intercourse, sodomy, bestiality, necrophilia,
sadomasochistic abuse, fellatio or cunnilingus;
Fondling or erotic touching of human genitals, pubic region, buttock(s)
or female breast(s);
Lap dancing;
Provided that, however, the definition of "specified sexual activities"
shall not apply to any medical publications or films or bona fide educational
publication or films; any art or photography publications which devote 25%
of the linage of each issue to articles and advertisements dealing with subjects
of art or photography; any periodical which reports or describes current events
and which, from time to time, publishes photographs of nude or seminude persons
in connection with the dissemination of the news; publications or films which
describe and report different cultures and which, from time to time, publish
or show photographs or depiction of nude or seminude persons when describing
cultures in which nudity or seminudity is indigenous to the population.
A.
No licensee, operator or employee of an adult-oriented establishment shall perform or permit to be performed, offer to perform or allow patrons, clients or customers to perform any live performance or conduct featuring any of the specified sexual activities as defined in § 73-2.
B.
No licensee, operator or employee of an adult-oriented
establishment shall allow or permit any minor to enter into or in any way
loiter in or around any part of such establishment.
C.
Every adult-oriented establishment doing business in
the Town on and after the effective date of this chapter shall be well-lighted
at all times and be physically arranged in such a manner that the entire interior
portion of the booths, cubicles, rooms or stalls, wherein adult entertainment
is provided, shall be clearly visible from the common areas of the premises.
Visibility into such booths, cubicles, rooms or stalls shall not be blocked
or obscured by doors, curtains, partitions, drapes or any other obstruction
whatsoever. It shall be a violation of this chapter to install enclosed booths,
cubicles, rooms or stalls within adult-oriented establishments for any purpose
in any way related to providing for the secluded viewing of adult-oriented
motion pictures or any other types of adult-oriented entertainment.
D.
The licensee and operator of each adult-oriented establishment
shall be responsible for and shall provide that any room or other area used
for the purpose of viewing adult-oriented motion pictures or other types of
live adult entertainment shall be well-lighted and readily accessible at all
times and shall be continuously open to view in its entirety. The premises
shall be equipped with overhead lighting fixtures of sufficient intensity
to illuminate every place to which patrons, clients or customers are permitted
access at an illumination of not less than one footcandle as measured at the
floor level. It shall be the duty of the operator and its agents to ensure
that the illumination described above is maintained at all times that any
patron is present in the premises.
E.
Every act or omission by an employee constituting a violation
of the provisions of this chapter shall be deemed the act or omission of the
licensee and operator as well, including any act or omission as a result of
the operator's negligent failure to supervise the employee's conduct, and
the licensee and operator shall be punishable for such act or omission in
the same manner as if the licensee and operator committed the act or caused
the omission.
F.
The licensee and operator shall be responsible for the
conduct of all employees while on the premises, including parking areas and
all other portions of the property, and any act or omission of any employee
constituting a violation of the provisions of this chapter shall be deemed
the act or omission of the licensee and operator for purposes of determining
whether the operating license shall be revoked, suspended or renewed and whether
the licensee and operator shall be subject to the penalties imposed by this
chapter.
G.
No adult-oriented establishment shall open to do business
before 10:00 a.m., and no adult-oriented establishment shall remain open after
1:00 a.m.
H.
No person shall be employed in any adult-oriented establishment within three years of conviction of any of the crimes specified in § 73-5D(9) of this chapter, unless such conviction has been submitted for appellate review, in which case, employment shall be continued until such appeal is sustained.
A.
Except as provided in Subsection D below, from and after the effective date of this chapter, it shall be unlawful for any person, partnership, corporation or other entity to engage in, conduct or carry on or permit to be engaged in, conducted or carried on in or upon any premises in the Town the operation of an adult-oriented establishment without first obtaining a license to operate from the Farmington Chief of Police.
B.
A license may be issued for only one adult-oriented establishment
located at a fixed and certain place. Any person, partnership, or corporation
which desires to operate more than one adult-oriented establishment must have
a license for each such establishment.
C.
It shall be a violation of this chapter for any entertainer,
employee, owner or operator to knowingly work in or about or to knowingly
perform any service directly related to the operation of any unlicensed adult-oriented
establishment.
D.
All existing adult-oriented establishments at the time
of the passage of this chapter must submit an application for license within
60 days of the effective date of this chapter. If no application is filed
within said sixty-day period, then such existing adult-oriented establishment
shall cease operations, unless any such establishment has appealed the enactment
of this chapter, whereupon this chapter shall not be enforced as to such establishment
until such appeal is dismissed and judgment rendered in favor of the Town.
If an application is filed, then this chapter shall not be enforced as to
such establishment until such application is denied.
E.
Each license shall be specific to a licensee and to a
location and may not be sold, assigned or transferred to any person, corporation,
partnership or other entity in any way.
A.
Upon the effective date of this chapter, the operator
of any adult-oriented establishment shall be responsible for and shall acquire
a license from the Farmington Chief of Police, in accordance with this section.
B.
The operator of each adult-oriented establishment shall
submit an application in triplicate to the Town Clerk, together with an application
fee of $650, prior to the commencement of business or within 60 days of the
effective date of this chapter for any establishment already open for business.
The Town Clerk shall date-stamp all copies of the application and shall promptly
deliver a copy of the application to the Chief of Police. The application
shall be made upon a form prepared by the Chief of Police and disseminated
by the Town Clerk. In instances where a corporation or a partnership is the
applicant, the application shall be signed and filed by a person having direct
control or management of the proposed adult-oriented establishment, or by
an officer, director, majority shareholder or majority partner of the corporation
or general partner of the partnership or manager or managing member of any
other entity.
C.
The applicant, within two business days of submitting
an application to the Town Clerk, shall erect and maintain for a period of
not less than 14 consecutive days in a legible condition a sign not less than
four feet by four feet upon the site to be operated as an adult-oriented establishment,
which sign shall set forth the name of the proposed licensee and reflect the
filing of an application for an adult-oriented establishment. The sign shall
be posted along the front of the property in an area clearly visible from
the Town road or state highway abutting the property. After the sign has been
properly erected and maintained for 14 consecutive days, the applicant shall
provide to the Chief of Police a photograph of the sign and a statement, under
oath, attesting to compliance with the foregoing sign requirements.
D.
The applicant for a license shall furnish the following
information:
(1)
Name and residential address of the applicant, owner,
operator, manager and any other person having direct control or management
of the adult-oriented establishment, including all aliases, place of employment,
date of birth, social security number, driver's license number and federal
tax identification number, if any.
(2)
Name and address of all employees, and any other persons
directly involved in the operation of the adult-oriented establishment, including
aliases.
(3)
Written proof that the applicant is at least 18 years
of age.
(4)
The exact nature of the entertainment to be conducted
at the adult-oriented establishment.
(5)
The address of the adult-oriented establishment to be
operated by the applicant.
(6)
Any adult-oriented entertainment or similar business
license/permit history of the applicant, whether such person has previously
operated in this or another municipality or state under license, or without
license, has had any such license revoked or suspended, the reason therefor
and the business entity or trade name under which the applicant operated that
was subject to the suspension or revocation.
(7)
If the application is a corporation, the application
shall specify the name of the corporation, the date and state of incorporation
and the name and address of the registered agent.
(8)
A statement by the applicant that he or she is familiar
with the provisions of this chapter and is in compliance with them.
(9)
Any criminal convictions of the applicant, employees,
operator and other persons directly involved in the management or control
of the adult-oriented establishment, to any crime involving moral turpitude,
prostitution, obscenity or other sex-related crime or drug offense in any
jurisdiction within three years of the date of the filing of the application.
Such crimes include but are not limited to prostitution, soliciting prostitution,
promoting or permitting prostitution and sexual assault, in Connecticut being
Connecticut General Statutes (C.G.S.) §§ 53a-82, 53a-83 and
53a-83a (prostitution, soliciting a prostitute, soliciting a prostitute from
a motor vehicle); C.G.S. §§ 53a-85, 53a-86, 53a-87, 53a-88
and 53a-89 (promoting or permitting prostitution); and C.G.S. §§ 53a-70,
53a-70a, 53a-70b, 53a-71, 53a-72a, 58a-72b and 53a-73a (sexual assault).
E.
If a license to operate is granted, the information furnished
in the application shall be updated within 30 days of any changes. Said update
shall be filed at the office of the Town Clerk, who shall promptly forward
such update to the Chief of Police.
A.
No license shall be issued unless the Chief of Police
has investigated the applicant's qualifications to be licensed. The investigation
shall be conducted only to confirm the qualifications of the applicant and
to inspect the premises for compliance with all laws and regulations. The
results of the investigation shall be put in writing and filed with the Town
Clerk and mailed to the applicant within 60 days after the date the application
was filed. Additionally, the premises of the adult-oriented establishment
shall be inspected for compliance with the provisions of this chapter and
all local and state codes and regulations including but not limited to health,
fire, building and zoning regulations. Said inspections shall be completed
and a report issued to the Chief of Police within 30 days of the filing of
the application, and shall be included with the investigation results of the
Chief of Police.
B.
The Chief of Police shall issue to the applicant a license
to operate an adult-oriented establishment within 75 days from the date of
the filing of an application if all the requirements for an adult-oriented
establishment described in this chapter are met, unless he finds that:
(1)
The operation as proposed by the applicant, if permitted,
would not have complied with all applicable laws and regulations, including
but not limited to the building, health, housing, zoning and fire codes of
the Town. If the premises are not in compliance, the applicant shall be advised
of the reasons in writing and what, if any, measures the applicant can take
to bring the premises into compliance for a license to issue.
(2)
The applicant or any other person who will be directly engaged in the management and operation of an adult-oriented establishment has been convicted in this or any other state of any of the crimes specified in § 73-5D(9), except those specified in Subsection B(3) below, within three years of the date of the filing of the application.
(3)
The applicant or any other person who will be directly
engaged in the management and operation of an adult-oriented establishment
has been convicted of any obscenity offense in violation of C.G.S. §§ 53a-194,
53a-196a, 53a-196b and/or 53a-196c within two years of the date of the filing
of the application.
(4)
The applicant has submitted a false statement or representation
or misleading information on the application.
(5)
The applicant previously violated this chapter within
five years immediately preceding the date of the filing of the application.
C.
Whenever an application is denied, the Chief of Police
shall notify the applicant in writing within 75 days of the date of the application,
stating the reasons for such denial.
D.
When an application is denied solely for reasons stated in § 73-6B(1), and such violation is correctable, the applicant shall be given an additional 30 days from the date of such notification of denial to bring the premises into compliance. Upon verification by inspection that the correction has been made within 30 days, which shall be determined no later than three business days after receipt of written notice of corrections from the applicant to the Chief of Police, a license shall be issued to the applicant so long as no new violations or other disqualifying factors have occurred within those 30 days.
E.
The license, if granted, shall state on its face the
name and residence address for the applicant to whom it is granted, the expiration
date, the address of the adult-oriented establishment, and the department
or public official and telephone number to report any violation of this chapter.
F.
The license shall be posted in a conspicuous place at
or near the entrance to the adult-oriented establishment so that it may be
easily read at any time.
A.
Each license issued to a qualified applicant shall expire one year from the date it is issued, unless it is renewed upon application of the licensee accompanied by payment of a renewal fee of $400. Such application and application fee shall be submitted by the licensee to the Town Clerk at least 60 days before the expiration date, but not more than 90 days. Provided that the application is filed within 60 days of its expiration date and the application fee paid, the license shall be renewed for the same licensee at the same location by the Chief of Police, unless the licensee's file contains uncorrected violations of this chapter or uncorrected violations of health, fire or safety codes and regulations, of which the licensee has received written notice. A renewed license shall be mailed to the licensee by certified mail prior to the expiration date of the previous license. No establishment shall continue operations without a license, except in accordance with the provisions of § 73-7B.
B.
In the event that there are uncorrected violations of
this chapter or uncorrected violations of health, fire or safety codes and
regulations, of which the renewal applicant has received written notice, the
license renewal shall be delayed for a maximum of 30 days in order for all
corrections to be completed and inspections done to determine compliance.
If such corrections of violations are not made by the applicant within the
30 days beyond the expiration date, no license renewal will be issued. A notice
of nonrenewal shall be mailed by the Chief of Police to the licensee by certified
mail within five days after the extended, thirty-day period, stating the reasons
for the nonrenewal.
C.
Notwithstanding the provisions in Subsection B above, in no instance shall a renewal be issued to a licensee that has had two or more violations of § 73-3A of this chapter to which the licensee has received written notice, or one or more uncorrected violations of this chapter pending for over 60 days. A written notice of such nonrenewal shall be mailed by the Chief of Police to the licensee by certified mail prior to the expiration date of the license sought to be renewed, stating the reasons for the nonrenewal/revocation.
D.
Should a license not be renewed for any violation provided
herein, no license shall issue for the same licensee for five years.
A.
The Chief of Police or his authorized representative
may suspend a license for a period not to exceed 30 days upon his determination
that a licensee, operator or employee has violated any part of this chapter.
Said suspension shall be issued in writing mailed by certified mail, return
receipt requested, to the licensee at the address of the establishment or
at the home of the licensee or served by process server at the usual place
of abode of the licensee or at the address of the establishment. If a suspension
issues for a correctable violation, said suspension shall be terminated upon
verification by inspection that the correction has been made, which shall
be determined no later than three business days after receipt of written notice
of corrections from the licensee to the Chief of Police.
B.
The Chief of Police or his authorized representative
shall revoke any license where any of the following occur:
(1)
It is discovered that false or misleading information
or data was given on any application or material facts were omitted from any
application for licensure.
(2)
Any cost or fee required to be paid by this chapter is
not paid or is paid with a bank check drawn on an account with insufficient
funds and returned to the Town.
(5)
A licensee has one or more uncorrected violations of
this chapter pending for over 60 days.
(6)
Failure of the licensee to correct any violation within 30 days for which the licensee's license was suspended pursuant to § 73-8A.
(7)
The license or any interest therein is transferred in
any way.
C.
Once revoked no license shall issue for the same licensee
for five years.
D.
At least 10 days prior to the revocation of any license,
the Chief of Police shall send by certified mail written notice of the reasons
underlying such revocation. Such notice shall notify the licensee of the opportunity
to make written application for a hearing before the Chief of Police and the
Director of Health, at which time the licensee may present evidence bearing
upon the question. In such cases, the reasons shall be specific and in writing.
If the licensee makes written application for a hearing within five days of
receipt of the revocation notice, a hearing shall be scheduled to take place
no later than 15 days from the date of the application for such hearing. Immediately
after such hearing, the Chief of Police and the Director of Health shall enter
their vote to either sustain or overrule the revocation against the licensee.
The revocation will be deemed overruled where the vote is evenly divided.
Within five days after such hearing, the Chief of Police shall issue a final
written notice of revocation or a notice of dismissal of revocation to the
licensee by certified mail. All operations of the adult-oriented establishment
shall be maintained, pending the final decision issued by the Chief of Police.
A.
Within five days of receipt of notification of a denial,
suspension or nonrenewal of a license, the applicant/licensee may submit a
written application to the Town Clerk requesting a hearing before the Chief
of Police and the Director of Health. At such hearing the applicant/licensee
shall have the opportunity to present evidence bearing upon the question.
If the applicant/licensee makes application for a hearing within five days
of notification of a denial, suspension or nonrenewal, a hearing shall be
scheduled to take place no later than 15 days from date of the application
for such hearing. Immediately after such hearing, the Chief of Police and
the Director of Health shall enter their vote to either sustain or overrule
the denial, suspension or nonrenewal. The denial, suspension or nonrenewal
will be deemed overruled where the vote is evenly divided. Within five days
after such hearing, the Chief of Police shall issue written notice of a final
decision, and issue any license or renewal of license where applicable. All
operations of the adult-oriented establishment shall be maintained, pending
the final decision being issued by the Chief of Police.
B.
Any denial, nonrenewal, suspension or revocation of a license that is sustained in a written decision after a hearing as provided for in Subsection A above and § 73-8D, shall be appealable to the superior court within 15 days of written notice thereof by any person aggrieved in accordance with the procedure established for zoning appeals by the Connecticut General Statutes in § 8-8, as amended. Any denial of renewal, suspension or revocation shall be stayed during the appeal unless otherwise ordered by the superior court.
A.
Every person, partnership or corporation, whether acting
as an individual, owner, operator, licensee or employee of an adult-oriented
establishment, who operates, maintains or conducts an adult-oriented establishment
without first obtaining a license and paying the applicable fee to the Town,
or who violates any of the provisions of this chapter, shall be fined a definite
sum not exceeding $100 for each such violation and be subject to criminal
prosecution under the laws of the State of Connecticut.
B.
Each violation of this chapter shall be considered a
separate offense, and any violation continuing more than one day shall be
considered a separate offense.
C.
This chapter shall not preclude any additional enforcement
action taken by any appropriate Town, state or federal official conducted
pursuant to any applicable ordinance, regulation and/or law of the Town of
Farmington and/or State of Connecticut, and/or the United States of America.
In addition to any fines or penalties imposed herein, this chapter may
be enforced by injunctive procedure in the superior court.
Should any court of competent jurisdiction declare any section, clause
or provision of this chapter to be unconstitutional, such decision shall affect
only such section, clause or provision so declared unconstitutional and shall
not affect any other section, clause or provision of this chapter.
In construing this chapter, masculine or neuter pronouns shall be substituted
for those of feminine form and vice versa, and the plural of the singular
and singular of the plural shall be substituted in any case in which the context
may require.
