A.
Purpose. It is the purpose of this chapter to regulate sexually oriented businesses in order to promote the health, safety, morals and general welfare of the citizens of the City. The provisions of this chapter have neither the purpose nor effect of imposing a limitation or restriction on the content of any speech, including sexually oriented speech. Similarly, it is not the intent nor effect of this chapter to restrict or deny access by adults to speech protected by the First Amendment and New York Constitution, or to deny access by the distributors and exhibitors of sexually oriented speech to their intended market. Neither is it the intent nor effect of this chapter to condone or legitimize the distribution of obscene material.
B.
Findings. The Mayor and members of the City Council of the City of Rochester are all residents of the City and represent one of the four districts in the City or the City at-large. The Mayor and members of the Council are familiar with the City, the locations of sexually oriented businesses in the City, and the issues raised by those types of businesses in the City and throughout the country. The Mayor and Council are also cognizant that AIDS, hepatitis and other sexually transmitted diseases are serious health concerns in the local community. Based on the Mayor and Council's local knowledge and evidence concerning the impacts or "secondary effects" of adult uses on the community, as presented in hearings and in reports made available to the Council. in cases and proceedings involving businesses in the City, on findings involving the effects of sexually oriented businesses and public nudity incorporated in judicial decisions such as, but not limited to, Town of Islip v. Caviglia, 73 N.Y.2d 544 (1989); Stringfellow's of New York, Ltd. v. City of New York, 91 N.Y.2d 382 (1998); City of Erie v. Pap's A.M., 146 L. Ed.2d 265 (2000); City of Renton v. Playtime Theatres. Inc., 475 U.S. 41 (1986); Young v. American Mini Theatres, 426 U.S. 50 (1976); and Barnes v. Glen Theatre, Inc., 501 U.S. 560 (1991); and on studies in other communities including, but not limited to, Kansas City, Missouri; Newport News, Virginia; St. Paul, Minnesota; Whittier, California; Phoenix, Arizona; Indianapolis, Indiana; Austin, Texas; Seattle, Washington and Tucson, Arizona; and from manuals and books such as "An Educational Manual on How to Regulate the Location of Adult Businesses Through Zoning," developed by the Massachusetts Chapter of American Planning Association and the Massachusetts City Solicitors and Town Counsel Association; 'Location of Adult Businesses, 2000 Edition,"by Jules B. Gerard (West Group 1999); "Protecting Communities from Sexually Oriented Businesses," by Len L. Munsil (Southwest Legal Press, Inc. 1996); and also on findings from the Report of the Attorney General's Working Group on the Regulation of Sexually Oriented Businesses, (June 6, 1989, State of Minnesota), the Mayor and Council find:
(1)
Sexually oriented businesses lend themselves to ancillary unlawful and unhealthy activities that are not properly controlled by the operators of the establishments. Further, there are not adequate legal provisions making the owners of these establishments responsible for the activities that occur on their premises.
(2)
Employees of sexually oriented businesses engage in or may be requested to engage in sexual behavior as a result of the type of employment in which they are engaged.
(3)
Sexual acts, including masturbation, occur at sexually oriented businesses, especially those which provide private or semiprivate booths or cubicles for viewing films, videos or live sex shows.
(4)
The "entertainment" offered at sexually oriented businesses often encourages sexual activities, which create unhealthy conditions.
(5)
Persons frequent certain sexually oriented businesses for the purpose of engaging in sexual activities within the premises of such sexually oriented businesses.
(6)
Communicable diseases may be spread by sexual activities, including, but not limited to, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), AIDS, hepatitis B, and venereal diseases.
(7)
AIDS, HIV, hepatitis B and venereal diseases are serious health concerns in the local community.
(8)
Sanitary conditions in some sexually oriented businesses are unhealthy, in part, because the activities conducted there are unhealthy, and, in part, because of the unregulated nature of the activities and the failure of the owners and the operators of the facilities to regulate those activities and maintain those facilities.
(9)
Numerous studies and reports have determined that semen is found in certain areas of sexually oriented businesses, particularly where persons view "adult" oriented films or "adult" entertainment, and similar findings have been made in sexually oriented businesses in the City. In addition, an adult theater in the City has been the setting for sexual acts, and live performers in sexually oriented businesses in the City have performed acts of masturbation in front of customers for pay and have encouraged the customers to do the same, and have performed "lap dances" for customers and/or encouraged touching of or by customers while they were in various stages of undress.
(10)
Sexually oriented businesses have operational characteristics which should be reasonably regulated in order to protect the substantial governmental concerns raised by the various findings herein.
(11)
A licensing procedure is an appropriate mechanism to place the burden of reasonable regulation on the owners and the operators of the sexually oriented businesses. Further, such a licensing procedure will place an incentive on the operators to see that the sexually oriented business is run in a manner consistent with the health, safety and welfare of its patrons and employees, as well as the citizens of the City. It is appropriate to require reasonable assurances that the licensee is the actual operator of the sexually oriented business, and fully in possession and control of the premises and activities occurring therein.
(12)
Requiring licensees of sexually oriented businesses to keep information regarding current employees will help reduce the incidence of certain types of behavior by facilitating the identification of potential witnesses or participants and by preventing minors from working in such establishments.
(13)
The disclosure of certain information by those persons ultimately responsible for the day-to-day operation and maintenance of the sexually oriented business, where such information is substantially related to the significant governmental interest in the operation of such uses, will aid in assuring that the sexually oriented business is operated appropriately.
(14)
It is desirable in the prevention of illegal activities and the spread of communicable diseases to obtain a limited amount of information regarding certain employees who may engage in the conduct which this chapter is designed to prevent or who are likely to be witnesses to such activity.
(15)
The fact that an applicant for an adult license has been convicted of a sexually related crime leads to the rational assumption that the applicant may engage in that conduct in sexually oriented businesses in which sexual activities often occur.
(16)
The barring of such individuals from association with adult uses for a period of years serves as a deterrent to and prevents conduct which leads to unwanted sexual activities.
(17)
Regulations separating the performers who appear nude or seminude in sexually oriented businesses from the patrons or customers protect the performers, reduce the opportunity for illegal activities between performers and patrons or customers and do not interfere with the content of any performance.
(18)
Information from the Rochester Police Department shows that acts of prostitution have frequently occurred in body rub parlors in the City and that licensing provisions have not been effective in controlling such activities, and the Council thus determines that body rubs should only be conducted for compensation by certain licensed professionals or athletic trainers.
(19)
The Council further determines that sexual encounter centers, as defined herein, do not serve a legitimate purpose, offer a location at which sexual activities and acts of prostitution can readily occur, and provide a location at which sexually transmitted diseases may be spread. The Council thus determines that sexual encounter centers should be prohibited.
(20)
The Council further determines that adult hotels or motels, as defined herein, offer a location at which sexual activities and acts of prostitution can readily occur due to the offering of short-term or hourly rooms with beds, and provide a location at which sexually transmitted diseases may be spread. The Council thus determines that adult hotels or motels should be prohibited.
(21)
The general welfare, health, morals and safety of the citizens of the City will be promoted by the enactment of this chapter.