[HISTORY: Adopted by the City Council of the City of Hackensack 11-20-1978 as Ord. No. 50-78. Amendments noted
where applicable.]
GENERAL REFERENCES
Uniform construction codes enforcement — See Ch. 166.
A.
This chapter shall be known and cited as the "Air Pollution
Control Code of the City of Hackensack."
B.
Findings and declaration of policy. It is hereby declared
that air pollution is a menace to the health, welfare and comfort of the residents
of the City of Hackensack and a cause of substantial damage to property. For
the purpose of preventing and reducing atmospheric pollution, it is hereby
declared to be the policy of the City of Hackensack to minimize air pollution
as herein defined and to establish standards governing the installation, maintenance
and operation of equipment and appurtenances relating to combustion, which
is a source or potential source of air pollution, and in furtherance of this
purpose to cooperate and coordinate these efforts with the State Department
of Environmental Protection.
The following terms, wherever used herein or referred to in this code,
shall have the respective meanings assigned to them unless a different meaning
clearly appears from the context:
Solid particles, liquid particles, vapors or gases which are discharged
into the outdoor atmosphere.
The presence in the outdoor atmosphere of one or more air contaminants
in such quantities and duration as are or tend to be injurious to human health
or welfare, animal or plant life or property or unreasonably interfere with
the enjoyment of life or property throughout the City of Hackensack.
Actionlite, amosite, anthophyllite, chrysolite, crocidolite, tremolite.
Equipment in which heat from the combustion of fuel is transferred
to a substance being heated so that the latter is contacted by the products
of combustion and may contribute to the total effluent.
The person or persons who are authorized by this chapter to exercise
the powers prescribed by this code.
Those chemicals used as insecticides, rodenticides, fungicides, herbicides,
nematocides or defoliants.
Any material which can be crumbled, pulverized or reduced to powder
by hand pressure.
Solid, liquid or gaseous materials used to produce useful heat by
burning.
Waste animal or vegetable matter from houses, kitchens, restaurants,
hotels, produce markets or any other source, or food of any kind to be thrown
away.
Any device, apparatus, equipment or structure used for destroying,
reducing or salvaging by fire any material or substance, including but not
limited to refuse, rubbish, garbage, trade waste, debris or scrap; or a facility
for cremating human or animal remains.
Equipment in which heat from the combustion of fuel is transferred
by conduction through a heat-conducting material to a substance being heated
so that the latter is not contacted by and adds nothing to the products of
combustion.
Any maximum linear perpendicular distance from an inside wall of
a stack or chimney to the inside of an opposite wall, such as the diameter
of a circular cross section or the length or width of a rectangular cross
section.
Particles which have volume but are not of rigid shape and which,
upon collection, tend to coalesce and create uniform homogenous films upon
the surface of the collecting media.
Any action, operation or treatment embracing chemical, industrial,
manufacturing or processing factors, methods or forms including but not limited
to furnaces, kettles, ovens, converters, cupolas, kilns, crucibles, stills,
dryers, roasters, crushers, grinders, mixers, reactors, regenerators, separators,
filters, reboilers, columns, classifiers, screens, quenchers, cookers, digesters,
towers, washers, scrubbers, mills, condensers or absorbers.
Includes all vehicles propelled otherwise than by muscular power,
except such vehicles as run only upon rails or tracks.
The property of a substance which affects the sense of smell.
The property of a substance which renders it partially or wholly
obstructive to the transmission of visible light, expressed as the percentage
to which the light is obstructed.
Any fire wherein the products of combustion are emitted into the
open air and are not directed thereto through a stack or chimney of an incinerator.
Any person who has care, custody or control of a building or premises,
or a portion thereof, whether with or without knowledge of the owner thereof.
Air space outside buildings, stacks or exterior ducts.
Any person who alone or jointly or severally with others shall have
legal or equitable title to any premises, with or without accompanying actual
possession thereof, or shall have charge or control of any dwelling or dwelling
unit as owner or agent of the owner or as fiduciary, including but not limited
to executrix, administrator, administratrix, trustee, receiver or guardian
of the estate or as a mortgagee in possession regardless of how such possession
was obtained. Any person who is a lessee subletting or reassigning any part
or all of any dwelling or dwelling unit shall be deemed to be a co-owner with
the lessor and shall have the joint responsibility over the portion of the
premises sublet or assigned by said lessee.
Any material, except uncombined water, which exists in finely divided
form as liquid particles or solid particles at standard conditions.
Includes corporations, companies, associations, societies, firms,
partnerships and joint-stock companies, as well as individuals, and shall
also include all political subdivisions of this state or any agencies or instrumentalities
thereof.
Vegetation, including but not limited to trees, tree branches, leaves,
yard trimmings, shrubbery, grass, weeds and crops.
Rubbish, garbage, trade waste and plant life.
Ringelmann's Scale for Grading the Density of Smoke, as published
by the United States Bureau of Mines, or any chart, recorder, indicator or
device which is approved by the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection
as the equivalent of said Ringelmann's Scale for the measurement of smoke
density.
Waste solids not considered to be highly flammable or explosive,
including but not limited to rags, old clothes, leather, rubber, carpets,
wood, excelsior, papers, ashes, furniture, tin cans, glass, crockery, masonry
and other similar materials.
Any operation or activity from which is salvaged or reclaimed any
product or material, including but not limited to metals, chemicals or shipping
containers.
Small gasborne or airborne particles, exclusive of water vapor, arising
from a process of combustion in sufficient number to be observable.
Particles of rigid shape and definite volume.
Any manufacturing process or any identifiable part thereof emitting
an air contaminant into the outdoor atmosphere through one or more stacks
or chimneys.
A flue, conduit or opening designed and constructed for the purpose
of emitting air contaminants into the outdoor air.
Shall be 70° F. and one atmosphere pressure (14.7 pounds per
square inch absolute or 760 millimeters of mercury).
All waste solid or liquid material or rubbish resulting from construction,
building operations or the prosecuting of any business, trade or industry,
including but not limited to plastic products, cartons, paint, grease, oil
and other petroleum products, chemicals, cinders and other forms of solid
or liquid waste material.
Smoke which obscures light to a degree readily discernible by visual
observation.
No person or owner of property, or person or persons having possession
or control thereof, shall cause, suffer, allow or permit to be emitted into
the open air substances in such quantities as shall result in air pollution.
The provisions of this section shall not apply to the use of economic poisons.
A.
No person shall cause, suffer, allow or permit a salvage
operation by open burning.
B.
No person shall cause, suffer, allow or permit the disposal
of rubbish, garbage or trade waste, or buildings or structures, by open burning.
C.
No person shall cause, suffer, allow or permit the disposal
of any type of plant life by open burning.
D.
The provisions of this section shall not apply to:
(1)
Variances approved and issued by the New Jersey Department
of Environmental Protection in accordance with N.J.A.C. 7:27-2.
(2)
Open burning of refuse for training or research exercises
when conducted at a permanent facility or training center designed to be used
solely for such purposes on a continuing basis.
A.
No person shall cause, suffer, allow or permit visible smoke to be emitted into the outdoor air from the combustion of fuel in any stationary indirect heat exchanger except as provided in Subsection B hereof.
B.
No person shall cause, suffer, allow or permit smoke
the shade or appearance of which is darker than No. 1 on the Ringelmann Smoke
Chart, or greater than 20% opacity, exclusive of water vapor, to be emitted
into the outdoor air from the combustion of fuel in any stationary indirect
heat exchanger having a rated hourly capacity of 200,000,000 Btu's or
greater gross heat input, and discharging through a stack or chimney having
all internal cross-sectional dimensions of 60 inches or greater.
D.
The provisions of this section shall not apply to direct
heat exchangers, wood- or coal-burning indirect heat exchangers that are used
for private residential use only, manufacturing processes or any motor vehicle
while operating on the public highways.
E.
Any person responsible for the construction, installation,
alteration or use of an indirect heat exchanger shall, when requested by the
Director, provide for the facilities and necessary equipment for determining
the density or opacity of smoke being discharged into the open air.
A.
No person shall cause, suffer, allow or permit particles
to be emitted from any stack or chimney into the outdoor air the shade or
appearance of which is greater than 20% opacity, exclusive of water vapor.
B.
The provisions of this section shall not apply:
(1)
To particles the shade or appearance of which is, greater
than 20% opacity, exclusive of water vapor, for a period of not longer than
three minutes in any consecutive thirty-minute period.
(2)
To source operations issued a variance by the New Jersey
Department of Environmental Protection in accordance with Subchapter 6.5 of
the New Jersey Administrative Code.
(3)
To indirect heat exchangers.
(4)
To incinerators.
(5)
For a period of five years from the date of issuance
of a valid permanent certificate to operate to a source operation equipped
with control apparatus for which a valid permit to construct or the permanent
certificate to operate was issued by the New Jersey Department of Environmental
Protection during the period June 15, 1967, to March 27, 1972.
A.
Except as herein provided, persons burning solid or liquid
fuel whose products of combustion are discharged into the open air from a
stack or chimney shall submit to the Director information for each such stack
or chimney relating to place, type of fuel burned per hour and/or year, description
of combustion equipment, usual period of operation, height and size of outlet,
description of air pollution control equipment and such other and pertinent
information as may be requested on forms provided for that purpose by the
Director. The application forms shall also require submission of the name,
address and telephone number of the person or persons responsible for maintenance
of any such equipment. Any change in the name, address or telephone number
of such person or persons shall be reported within 10 days of the occurrence
of such change to the Director.
B.
Such information shall be submitted to the Director within
90 days after either new installations are placed into service or existing
installations are altered. Nothing herein shall be construed as relieving
any person from the requirements of the State Uniform Construction Code.[1] Additional reports concerning these items may be requested by
the Director.
C.
The provisions of this section shall not apply to equipment
designed or used for a heat input rate of not more than 1,000,000 British
thermal units (Btu's) per hour unless the equipment is designed for or
actually using Nos. 4, 5 or 6 fuel oil or coal.
A.
No person shall operate or permit the operation of an
incinerator in the City of Hackensack before 8:00 a.m. or after 5:00 p.m.,
and all operation shall be completely terminated by 5:00 p.m., including complete
extinction of the fire and removal of materials from the firebox to a noncombustible
container and in a safe manner; provided, however, that the Director may,
by special permit, because of exceptional circumstances, permit different
hours of operation under such conditions as he shall deem necessary for the
health, safety and welfare of the public or of persons in the vicinity.
B.
Where the operation of an incinerator constitutes an
immediate and substantial menace to public health and safety, or is a substantial
source of air pollution causing irritation and discomfort to persons in the
vicinity, and the owner or operator fails upon written or oral notice to take
immediate corrective measures, the Director may take all necessary measures
to abate the condition, including but not limited to ordering the cessation
of use of the equipment and sealing the same, pending a hearing in the Municipal
Court.
C.
No person shall cause, suffer, allow or permit from any
incinerator emissions, the shade or appearance of which is darker than No.
1 of the Ringelmann Smoke Chart, to be emitted into the open air; or emissions
of such opacity within a stack or chimney or, exclusive of water vapor, of
such opacity leaving a stack or chimney to a degree greater than the emission
designated as No. 1 of the Ringelmann Smoke Chart.
D.
The provisions of Subsection C shall not apply to smoke emitted during the building of a new fire, the shade or appearance of which is not greater than No. 2 of the Ringelmann Smoke Chart, for a period of three consecutive minutes; or emissions of such opacity within a stack or chimney or, exclusive of water vapor, of such opacity leaving a stack or chimney to a degree greater than the emission designated as No. 2 of the Ringelmann Smoke Chart, for a period no greater than three consecutive minutes.
E.
No person shall cause, suffer, allow or permit the emission
of particles of unburned waste or ash from any incinerator which are individually
large enough to be visible while suspended in the atmosphere.
F.
No person shall construct, install, use or cause to be
used any incinerator which will result in odors being detectable by sense
of smell in any area of human use or occupancy.
A.
The Health Officer of the City of Hackensack shall, in
addition to his other duties, enforce and administer the provisions of this
code.
B.
The Health Officer, may appoint or designate other employees
or officers of the City of Hackensack to perform duties necessary for the
enforcement of this code.
A.
Emergency inspections may be authorized without warrant
if the Director has reason to believe that a condition exists which poses
an immediate threat to life, health or safety. Such procedure shall take place
only where the time taken to apply for and secure the issuance of a warrant
would render ineffective the immediate action necessary to abate the condition.
B.
Emergency inspections may also be authorized by the Governor
in times of air pollution emergencies in accordance with N.J.R.S. 26:2C-32.
C.
Where the Director, or his agent is refused entry or
access or is otherwise impeded or prevented by the owner, occupant or operator
from conducting an inspection of the premises authorized by this chapter,
such person shall be in violation of this code and subject to the penalties
hereunder.
D.
Search warrant or access warrant.
(1)
The Director may, upon affidavit, apply to the Judge
of the City of Hackensack for a search warrant setting forth factually the
actual conditions and circumstances that provide a reasonable basis for believing
that a violation of the code may exist on the premises, including one or more
of the following:
(a)
That the premises require inspection according to the
cycle established by the town for periodic inspections of premises of the
type involved.
(b)
That observation of external conditions (smoke, ash,
soot, odors) of the premises and its public areas has resulted in the belief
that violations of this code exist.
(c)
Circumstances such as age and design of fuel-burning
equipment and/or system, type of incinerator, particular use of premises or
other factors which render systematic inspections of such buildings necessary
in the interest of public health and safety.
(2)
If the Judge of the City of Hackensack is satisfied as
to the matter set forth in said affidavit, he shall authorize the issuance
of a search warrant permitting access to and inspection of that part of the
premises on which the nuisance or violation may exist.
E.
All buildings and premises subject to this code are subject
to inspection from time to time by the Director of Air Pollution Control or
his duly authorized representatives. All rooms and areas in the building shall
be available and accessible for such inspection which shall be made during
usual business hours if the premises are used for nonresidential purposes;
provided, however, that inspections may be made at other times if the premises
are not available during the foregoing hours for inspection, if there is reason
to believe that violations are occurring on the premises which can be determined
and proved by inspection only during other than the prescribed hours or if
there is reason to believe a violation exists of a character which is an immediate
threat to health or safety requiring inspection and abatement without delay.
A.
Any person who shall violate any of the provisions of
this code, or who shall fail to comply therewith or with any of the requirements
thereof, shall be punishable by a fine not to exceed $500 or imprisonment
for a term not to exceed 90 days, or both, for each violation. Each day that
such violation shall continue shall constitute a separate offense.
B.
The violation of any section or subsection of this code
shall constitute a separate and distinct offense independent of the violation
of any other section or subsection or of any order issued pursuant to this
code.
A.
This code is to be liberally construed to effectuate
the purpose herein described. Nothing herein is to be construed as repealing
or abridging the emergency powers of any agency of government except to the
extent expressly set forth herein.
B.
This chapter is promulgated and adopted
in accordance with N.J.R.S. 26:2C-8, P.L. 1954, c. 212 (N.J.R.S. 26:2C-1 to
2C-23), amended by P.L. 1962, c. 215; P.L. 1967, c. 105; and P.L. 1967, c.
106, and nothing contained herein or any action taken hereunder is to be interpreted
as being in conflict with the New Jersey Air Pollution Control Act and the
New Jersey Administrative Code.
