The Board of Commissioners of Springfield Township, Montgomery
County, Pennsylvania, (hereinafter referred to as the "Board") does
hereby create the Springfield Township Historical Commission (hereinafter
referred to as the "Commission"). Such Commission shall be composed
of a total of five members, plus one alternate member, who shall all
serve without compensation. The Board may appoint a liaison to the
Historical Commission from among its members as part of its annual
reorganization in January.
It is hereby declared as a matter of public policy that the preservation and protection of buildings, structures, sites and landscapes of historic, architectural, cultural, archeological, educational and aesthetic merit are public necessities and are in the interests of the health, prosperity and welfare of the people of Springfield Township. To that end, the Township has undertaken to identify and document its historic resources. The provisions of this chapter, coupled with the provisions of Chapter
114 (Zoning), Article
XIID (Historic Resource Overlay District), are intended to:
A. Promote the general welfare by protecting the integrity of the historic
resources of Springfield Township.
B. Establish a clear and public process by which proposed land use changes
affecting historic resources can be reviewed.
C. Discourage the demolition of historic resources.
D. Provide incentives for the continued use of historic resources and
to facilitate their appropriate reuse.
E. Encourage the conservation of historic settings and landscapes.
F. Promote retention of historical integrity in the context of proposed
land use and/or structural changes, including scale and texture.
G. Encourage the historic preservation of features, including landscapes,
that contribute to the Township's historic character by:
(1) Establishing an Historical Commission to advise owners regarding
historically appropriate alterations to historic resources;
(2) Educating the community about historic preservation and the Township's
history through publications, workshops and events;
(3) Assisting owners of historic resources with nomination to the National
Register for Historic Preservation; and
(4) Providing assistance to owners to make ownership of an historic resource
more affordable by permitting additional uses that can generate revenue.
An Historic Resource Inventory is hereby established of buildings, objects, structures and sites in the Township designated for preservation. The inventory and a system for the survey and inventory of the Township's historic buildings, objects and structures and sites shall be appended to the Township Code and shall be available for public inspection in the office of the Township Community Development Department. Initially, the Historic Resource Inventory shall consist of those resources designated on the list appended to Chapter
46, Historic Resources. Resources may be added or removed from the Historic Resource Inventory as follows:
A. Criteria for designation. A building, object, structure or site,
or a complex of the same, may be placed on the Historic Resource Inventory
if it is found to meet any of the following criteria:
(1) The resource has significant character, interest, or importance as
part of the development, heritage, or cultural characteristics of
the Township, county, region, state, or nation, or is associated with
the life of a person significant in the Township's past.
(2) There exists architecture, archaeology, engineering, or culture in
the resource, whether in buildings, objects, structures or sites,
which possess design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, or
association of historical significance.
(3) The resource is associated with events or persons of historical importance;
or that have significant character, interest or value as part of the
development of the Township, county, region, state, or nation; or
exemplify its cultural, political, economic, social or historical
heritage; or that have yielded, or may be likely to yield, information
important in history or prehistory.
(4) The resource embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type,
period, architectural style, engineering technique or process, or
method of construction or contains elements of design, detail, materials
or craftsmanship which represent a significant innovation; or that
represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components
may lack individual distinction, or that is the noteworthy work of
a designer, architect, landscape architect or engineer whose work
has influenced the historical, architectural, economic, social or
cultural development of the Township, county, region, state or nation.
(5) The resource is part of or related to a commercial center, park,
community or other distinctive area which should be preserved according
to an historic, cultural or architectural motif; or that owing to
its unique location or singular physical characteristic, represents
an established and familiar visual feature of the neighborhood, community
or Township.
(6) The resource has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information
important in prehistory or history.
(7) The resource exemplifies the cultural, political, economic, social,
or historical heritage of the community.
(8) Any resource which is included on the National Register of Historic
Places shall be included on the Historic Resource Inventory.
B. Procedure for designation or removal. Any property proposed for designation
on or removal from the Historic Resource Inventory shall be proposed
by or shall first be referred to the Historical Commission, which
shall hold a public meeting thereon.
(1) A landowner shall be permitted to submit an application to the Township
Historic Commission requesting that the landowner's property
be included on, or removed from, the Historic Resource Inventory.
Applications for inclusion on the Historic Resource Inventory shall
not be permitted to be submitted by any person not having an ownership
interest in the property proposed to be included.
(2) At least 30 days before holding a public meeting to consider the
proposed designation or removal of a building, structure or site as
historic, the Historical Commission shall send notice to the owner
of the property proposed for designation. Such notice shall indicate
the date, time and place of the public meeting at which the Historical
Commission will consider the proposed designation or removal. Notice
shall be sent to the registered owner's last known address as
the same appears in the real estate tax records of the Township Treasurer
and sent to the "owner" at the street address of the property in question.
(3) Any interested party may present testimony or documentary evidence
regarding the proposed designation or removal at the public meeting.
(4) The Historical Commission shall present its written report to the
Board of Commissioners, the applicant and any person granted party
status at the public meeting within 60 days following the last public
meeting, basing its recommendation upon those criteria for designation
established in this section. A property shall be recommended for removal
from the Historic Resource Inventory if it does not currently meet
the criteria for designation. The report shall include a summary of
the information and copies of all documents presented at the meeting
and used by the Historical Commission in making its recommendation.
(5) Based upon the criteria set forth in this section and after receiving
the recommendations of the Historical Commission, the Board of Commissioners
shall, from time to time, add or delete buildings, structures and
sites to or from the Historic Resource Inventory. Written notice of
the action of the Board of Commissioners shall be given to the property
owner and to any person appearing at the public meeting of the Historical
Commission who requests notification.
C. Publication. The Historic Resource Inventory shall be made available
to the public for inspection at the Springfield Township Building
during regular business hours. The Inventory, or parts thereof, may
also be made public through other means, including but not limited
to display on the Township's website or at a local library.
In determining the recommendations to be made to the Board of
Commissioners concerning the issuance of an historic resource alteration
permit or demolition permit, the Historic Commission shall consider
only those matters that are pertinent to the preservation of this
historic and/or architectural aspect and nature of the building, site,
area or district, certified to have historical significance, including
the following:
A. Broad historical values representing the cultural, political, economic
or social history of Springfield Township.
B. The relationship of the building or structure to historic personages
or events.
C. Significant architectural styles representative of a certain historical
period or a style of method of construction.
D. The effect of the proposed change upon the general historic and architectural
nature of the district.
E. The appropriateness of the exterior architectural features which
can be seen from a public street.
F. The general design, arrangement, texture, material and color of the
building or structure and the relation of such factors to similar
features of other buildings for structures in the Township.
G. Consideration shall be given but not limited to the following:
(1) Proportion of building(s) front facades. (The relationship between
the width of the front of the building and the height of the front
of the building).
(2) Proportion of openings within the building. The relationship of width
to height of windows and doors.
(3) Rhythms of solids to voids in the front facade. Since rhythm is a
repeated and recurrent reflection of strong and weak architectural
elements, a rhythm of masses to openings in a building should be maintained.
(4) Rhythm of spacing of buildings on streets. In moving past a series
of buildings, a rhythm of recurrent or repeated building masses to
spaces between them should be experienced.
(5) Rhythm of entrance and/or porch projections. Moving past a series
of structures, a rhythm of entrances or projections.
(6) Relationship of materials. Within an area, the predominant materials
may be brick, stone, stucco, wood siding or other material.
(7) Relationship of textures. The predominant textures of an area may
be smooth, such as stucco, or rough, as bricks with tooled joints
or horizontal wood siding or other textures.
(8) Relationship of color. Insofar as the mass and detail such as trim
are concerned, a predominant color that may be of a natural material
or a patina colored by time. Blending colors of trim is also a factor.
(9) Relationship of architectural details. Architectural details and
their relationship to the structure in question and adjacent ones,
including but not limited to cornices, lintels, arches, quoins, balustrades
and iron work, chimneys, etc.
(10) Relationship of roof shapes. Buildings should have compatible roof
shapes such as gable, mansard, hip, flat, gambrel and/or other kinds
of roof shapes.
(11) Walls of continuity. Physical ingredients such as brick walls, wrought
iron fences, evergreen landscape masses, building facades or combinations
of these form continuous, cohesive walls of enclosures along the street
and should be maintained.
(12) Directional expression of front elevation. Preserving the orientation
of structural shapes, plan of openings and architectural detail that
reflect a predominantly vertical or horizontal character to the building's
facade.
(13) Scale. Scale is created by the size of units of construction and
architectural detail that relate to the size of man. It can also be
determined by building mass and how it relates to open space. The
major elements of scale may be brick or stone units, window or door
openings, porches and balconies, etc.
(14) In making its recommendation, the Historic Commission shall also
consider the specific elements of a property, including such features
as traffic gates, fences, railings, windows, doors, porches, balustrades,
columns, balconies, facades and roof, whether in the nature of replacements
or just repairs, even though these features may not necessarily require
formal building permits under other codes of the Township.
H. Financial feasibility.
(1) The Historic Commission may consider the financial feasibility of
its recommendations in response to a request for an historic resource
alteration permit or demolition permit for the erection, reconstruction,
alteration and restoration of a building or structure. Financial feasibility
shall be determined by the Historic Commission on the basis of an
unreasonable economic hardship caused by the cost of the repair or
replacement in-kind of whole or part of a building or structure, which
determination shall be made based on evidence presented by the applicant.
(2) The applicant shall submit a minimum of three estimates from bona
fide contractors and/or vendors substantiating his or her claim that
the financial feasibility of repair in-kind is an unreasonable economic
hardship. The Board shall determine the condition of said architectural
feature based on its inspection, photographs or report from the Building
Inspector or preservation staff or consultant. No substitute material
shall be approved which is inappropriate, incompatible or is destructive
or has the potential to be destructive to the original fabric of the
building or structure.
I. Variations. The Historic Commission may consider recommending variations
from the existing conditions in a manner that will be in harmony with
the character of the other buildings or structures on the street.
J. Sustainable/modern improvements. The Historic Commission shall recommend
the addition of modern improvements to historic resources which materially
contribute to the environmental sustainability of the historic resource,
provided that such modern, sustainable improvement shall not alter
the essential character of the historic resource. An example of such
a modern, sustainable improvement is a solar panel, provided that
the placement of such solar panel is proposed in a location which
shall not alter the essential character of the historic resource.
K. The height of any new building or structure shall not exceed the
height of the tallest adjacent building or structure by 10%. This
requirement shall also apply to any proposed modifications to existing
buildings or structures.
L. Where the Historic Commission recommends and the Board of Commissioners
approves demolition of an historic building or structure, a good faith
effort shall be made by the Township and the owner(s) to move said
building or structure to a proximate site. If moving a building or
structure slated to be demolished is economically or practically infeasible,
efforts shall be made to salvage architectural features of said building
or structure for use within the Township.
M. Upon review, structures determined by the Historic Commission to
be noncontributing to the historic value and architectural character
of the historic resource will not be required to obtain an historic
resource alteration permit or demolition permit.
N. In addition to the above, all other Township laws and ordinances
shall be complied with, including the Zoning and Subdivision Ordinances.
Any person who violates the terms of this chapter shall be subject
to the fines and penalties imposed under this chapter, as well as
applicable fines and penalties imposed under any other applicable
provision(s) of the Code of Springfield Township. The Township shall
be entitled to impose any remedies provided in this Code or as allowed
by state or federal law. In addition:
A. Any person who alters or demolishes an historic resource in violation
of the provisions of this chapter, or in violation of any parameters
or conditions specified in a permit issued under the terms of this
chapter, shall be required to restore the building, structure, object,
resource, or site to its appearance prior to the violation. Such restoration
shall be in addition to, and not in lieu of, any penalty or remedy
available under this chapter or any other applicable law.
B. The Township shall withhold issuance of any building permit for any
property which, at the date of enactment of this chapter or any amendment
thereto, was included on the Historic Resource Inventory and that
subsequently involved an alteration or demolition in violation of
this chapter, for three years from the date of the notice of violation,
unless the building permit is to be issued for the purpose of restoring
the historic resource to its condition and appearance immediately
prior to the violation or to an historically significant condition.
C. Any special exception application, zoning application, or subdivision
or land development application involving any property which, at the
date of enactment of this chapter or any amendment thereto, was included
on the Historic Resource Inventory and that subsequently was altered
or demolished in violation of this chapter shall not be approved for
three years from the date of notice by the Township to the property
owner of the violation, except upon the condition of satisfactory
restoration of any such resources unless the approval is for the purpose
of restoring the historic resource to its condition and appearance
immediately prior to the violation or to an historically significant
condition.
D. Any person, property owner, occupant, or contractor who alters or
demolishes an historic resource, but fails to obtain the appropriate
historic resource alteration permit or demolition permit pursuant
to this chapter or any other applicable ordinance of the Township
needed to alter or demolish a structure, shall be liable, upon conviction
of such a violation, to a fine not to exceed $1,000 for each and every
violation, plus court costs and reasonable attorneys' fees. Each
day that the violation is uncorrected shall constitute a separate
violation subject to the same penalties. This remedy shall be in addition
to, and not in lieu of, any other remedy available under this chapter
or under other applicable law.
In addition to the above remedies, the Township may take other
appropriate legal action, which may include equitable and injunctive
relief, to enforce the provisions of this chapter.
Upon receipt of the written decision of the Board of Commissioners,
the Zoning Officer shall notify the applicant for an historic resource
alteration permit or demolition permit. The applicant or any person
or entity made a party to the hearing may appeal the decision on the
historic resource alteration permit or demolition permit as provided
by law.
The buildings, structures, objects, resources, and sites identified
and/or located on the list approved by resolution of the Board of
Commissioners shall comprise the Historic Resource Inventory of Springfield
Township, and such Historic Resource Inventory may be amended from
time to time by further resolution of the Commissioners, provided
that the procedures set forth in this chapter, and as may be more
fully described in any Pennsylvania Historic Resource Form associated
with such properties, have been satisfied.