Safe Bearing Load of Soils
| |
---|---|
Soil
|
Pounds Per Square Foot
|
Muck, peat and similar
|
0
|
Soft clay
|
1,000
|
Sand
|
2,000
|
Sand and gravel
|
3,000
|
Sand and gravel cemented with clay
|
4,000
|
Hard shale
|
10,000
|
Gate Valves: 6-inch through 12-inch AWWA Standard No. C500-71
|
Sec. 1. Scope.
|
This specification covers water valves in sizes 6-inch, 8-inch,
10-inch and 12-inch. Valves are to be as manufactured by the Mueller
Company No. A2380-20, AWWA type, nonrising stem, having mechanical
joints. Valves shall be open by turning counter-clockwise.
|
Sec. 7. Bodies and Bonnets.
|
Gate valves shall be high strength cast-iron bodies and bonnets
in accordance with ASTM A126.
|
Sec. 9.3. Valve Ends.
|
Valve ends shall be mechanical joints.
|
Sec. 10. Gates and Rings.
|
Gate rings shall be rolled or pressed into grooves machined
in the discs. Valve gates shall be Grade 1 bronze. Gate rings shall
be Grade V bronze.
|
Sec. 12. Wedging Devices.
|
The gate shall be wedged against the seat at four separate points
near the outside edge of the gates.
|
Sec. 15. Stems and Stem Nuts.
|
The threads of stems and stem nuts shall be Acme. Threads shall
be self-cleaning.
|
Sec. 16-17. Stem Seal, Packing.
|
All gate valves shall have O-ring seals. One O-ring shall be
located below the thrust collar of the stem and another located above
the thrust collar. The space between the O-rings and around the thrust
collar shall be filled with a lubricant to provide the lubricating
of the thrust collar and O-rings each time the valve is operated.
|
Dry-Barrel Fire Hydrants AWWA Standard No. C502-73
| ||||
Sec. 1. General.
| ||||
Hydrants shall be manufactured by the Mueller Company and shall
be the Centurion fire hydrant-AWWA, which is the standard hydrant
for the Township.
| ||||
A.
|
General Classification:
| |||
a.1.
|
Hydrants shall be dry barrel, post type with compression-type
main valve closing with the pressure.
| |||
a.2.
|
Hydrants shall have a replaceable safety stem coupling and a
replaceable safety flange at the ground line to prevent or minimize
traffic damage.
| |||
B.
|
Detail Specifications:
| |||
b.1.
|
Hydrants shall have a 4 1/2-inch main valve.
| |||
b.2.
|
The inlet connection shall be six-inch mechanical joint, dimensions
shall comply with AWWA C111 and ANSI A21.11 Standards.
| |||
b.3.
|
Working pressure shall be 200 pounds per square inch and the
pressure shall be 400 pounds per square inch.
| |||
b.4.
|
The dry top bonnet shall have a factory-lubricated bonnet assembly.
| |||
b.5.
|
The upper operating shall be bronze encased and have an O-ring
stem seal.
| |||
b.6.
|
The nozzles shall be threaded and locked in place with a stainless
steel screw.
| |||
b.7.
|
The safety stem coupling shall be below the lower barrel flange
surface to prevent it being held open by vehicle wheel after traffic
damage.
| |||
b.8.
|
Bronze seat ring shall thread into a bronze drain ring having
two drain holes to provide an all-bronze drainway.
| |||
b.9.
|
The double drain valve shall operate automatically to force
flush the drainway each time the hydrant is opened or closed. No toggles,
springs or adjustable mechanism will be allowed.
| |||
b.10.
|
The main valve opening shall be controlled by a lug in the bottom
of the shoe.
| |||
b.11.
|
The design of the shoe and upper valve plate shall permit maximum
flow by reducing friction loss to a minimum.
| |||
b.12.
|
Nozzles: three-way, 2 1/2-inch nose nozzles and one pumper nozzle
all with national standard hose threads.
| |||
Certification of these specifications must be available to the
Township.
| ||||
Sec. 7. Air Release and Surge Control.
| ||||
Air-release valves shall be located at high points along water
supply pipelines to purge air pockets which may form at these high
points. Air-release valves shall be installed in a valve vault and
located below the frost line which is assumed to be four feet. Valves
shall be ventilated and shall provide for drainage of water.
| ||||
At locations where a sudden change in water velocity may occur
(booster stations, check valves, etc.) a pressure-release valve shall
be provided to relieve the surge pressures.
| ||||
Sec. 8. Stream Crossings.
| ||||
Whenever water supply lines are to cross a stream or river below
the bed, they shall be adequately sleeved and/or encased in no less
than 1/2 foot of reinforced concrete within the reaches of the stream
banks. Minimum depth of encasement below the stream banks shall be
three feet. Water lines crossing streams on culverts or bridges shall
be thoroughly insulated and protected with steel sleeves.
| ||||
Sec. 9. Wet Taps.
| ||||
All wet taps into existing water supply lines shall be made
by a contractor approved by the Water Department. Tapping sleeves
shall be cast-iron or ductile iron mechanical joint Mueller H615 or
H616, depending on the outside diameter of the pipe being tapped.
Sleeves shall have a minimum working pressure of 200 pounds per square
inch.
| ||||
All sleeves and valves shall be set perfectly level along the
center lines of the pipe tap. Valves, fittings and pipes shall conform
to the applicable standards outlined herein.
| ||||
Sec. 10. Sanitary Protection.
| ||||
Chambers or pits containing valves or meters or other appurtenances
shall be adequately drained. Drains shall not be connected directly
to any storm sewer or sanitary sewer.
| ||||
Any air relief or vent pipes from chambers or beds must extend
at least one foot above ground and be equipped with a down-facing
elbow and insect screen. Physical connections other than the double-check
valve assembly or reduced-pressure zone backflow preventer assembly
are not permitted.
| ||||
While installing new water pipes, pipelines shall not be laid
in water or where they can be flooded with water in the laying process.
| ||||
Underground drains from hydrants and valve chambers shall not
be connected directly to sewers or storm sewers.
| ||||
In accordance with state regulations, water lines should be
laid at an elevation above that of nearby sewers with joints no closer
than that 10 feet from the sewer pipe center line. If this is not
possible, water pipe shall be sleeved or encased in concrete with
watertight tested joints. Where water lines cross sewer lines, water
lines shall be laid above the sewer lines with vertical separation
of not less than 18 inches. Hydrostatic pressure tests shall be performed
to determine if there is any leakage.
| ||||
New water supply lines shall be disinfected by one of the procedures
outlined herein before being placed into service. The absence of contamination
shall be demonstrated by bacteriological examination before new lines
and appurtenances are placed into service or accepted by the Water
Department. This examination shall be certified by the Health Department.
| ||||
Sec. 11. Disinfection.
| ||||
Before new water lines are placed into service or accepted by
the Water Department, they must be flushed and disinfected with chlorine
solutions. During construction, precautions shall be taken to avoid
unnecessary contamination. Disinfection is accomplished by one of
the following methods. All are described in the American Water Works
Association Standard on Water Main Disinfection, AWWA C601, latest
revision: continuous feed method, slug method, tablet method. In all
cases, disinfection procedures shall be performed in accordance with
N.J.A.C. 7:10-11, Subchapter 11, Standards for Construction of Public
Community Water Systems, Part 11.13 Disinfection.
| ||||
Sec. 12. Testing.
| ||||
Before water lines are placed into service or accepted by the
Water Department, they shall be hydrostatically pressure tested. The
test shall be witnessed by the Engineer. The pressure test shall be
performed between valved sections of water lines and shall be submitted
to a pressure of 150 pounds per square inch for a duration of four
hours.
| ||||
Each valve section of pipe shall be slowly filled with water
and the specified test pressure shall be applied by means of a pump
connected to the pipe in a manner satisfactory to the Engineer. The
pump, pipe connection, gauges, and all necessary apparatus shall be
furnished by the developer. Before applying the specified test pressure
all air shall be expelled from the pipe. If hydrants or air reliefs
are not available at high places, the necessary taps shall be made
at points of highest elevation before the test is made and the plugs
inserted after the test has been completed.
| ||||
A leakage test shall be conducted after the pressure test has
been satisfactorily completed. The duration of each leakage test shall
be two hours, and during the test the main shall be subject to a pressure
of 150 pounds per square inch and not permitted to fall below 145
pounds per square inch.
| ||||
Leakage is defined as the quantity of water to be supplied into
the newly laid pipe, or any section thereof, necessary to maintain
the specified leakage test pressure after the pipe has been filled
with water and the air expelled.
| ||||
The maximum allowable leakage for the pipe shall be determined
by the formula:
| ||||
L =
|
NDP
___
3,700
| |||
in which L equals the allowable leakage in gallons per hour;
N is the number of joints in the length of the pipeline tested; D
is the nominal diameter of the pipe, in inches; and P is the average
test pressure during the leakage test, in pounds per square inch.
|