This article applies to all oil-burning equipment
except internal-combustion engines, oil lamps and portable devices
such as blowtorches, melting pots and weed burners.
As used in this article, the following terms
shall have the meanings indicated:
Kerosene or any hydrocarbon oil conforming to Specifications
for Fuel Oils of the American Society for Testing Materials, ASTM
D396-48T, and having a flash point of not less than 100° F.
An oil burner of any type, together with its tank piping,
wiring, controls and related devices, including all conversion oil
burners, oil-fired units and heating and cooking appliances, but excluding
those exempted by § 38-120.
A permit shall be required for the installation
of any oil burner that utilizes a fuel oil tank in excess of 25 gallons
in a building or in excess of 60 gallons outside of a building.
Oil-burning equipment shall be of an approved
type.
A.
The installation shall be made in accordance with
the instructions of the manufacturer.
B.
The installation shall be such as to provide reasonable
accessibility for cleaning heating surfaces, removing burners, replacing
motors, controls, air filters, draft regulators and other working
parts, and for adjusting, cleaning and lubricating parts requiring
such attention.
C.
After installation of the oil-burning equipment, a
complete cycle of operation tests shall be conducted to make certain
that the burner is operating in a safe and acceptable manner and that
all safety devices function properly.
The grade of fuel oil used in a burner shall
be that for which the burner is approved and as stipulated by the
manufacturer. Crankcase oil or any oil containing gasoline shall not
be used.
A.
An unenclosed inside fuel oil supply tank shall have
a capacity of not more than 550 gallons. Not more than one five-hundred-fifty-gallon
tank or two tanks of aggregate capacity of 550 gallons or less shall
be connected to one oil-burning appliance, and the aggregate capacity
of such tanks installed in the lowest story, cellar or basement of
a building shall not exceed 1,100 gallons unless separation is provided
for each 550 gallons of tank capacity. Such separation shall consist
of an unpierced masonry wall or partition extending from the lowest
floor to the ceiling above the tank or tanks and shall have a fire-resistance
rating of not less than two hours.
B.
Stoves which are designed for barometric feed shall
not be connected to separate oil supply tanks.
C.
Non-flue-connected stoves shall be prohibited.
D.
Gravity oil supply tanks installed in conversion range
oil burners shall not exceed one six-gallon metal tank or two three-gallon
glass bottles.
E.
Supply or storage tanks located above the lowest story,
cellar or basement shall not exceed 60 gallons' capacity, and the
total capacity of tanks so located shall not exceed 60 gallons.
F.
Oil supply tanks other than those furnished as an
integral part of the stove or range shall not be located within five
feet, horizontally, of any fire or flame, except that tanks of not
over six gallons' capacity may be within this distance but not within
two feet of the stove or range in which the burner is installed, provided
that the temperature rise of the oil supply at this distance is not
excessive when the burner is operated at full capacity.
G.
Tanks exceeding 550 gallons' individual capacity shall
be installed in an enclosure constructed as follows: The walls of
the enclosure shall be constructed of solid masonry units or poured-concrete
construction having a fire-resistance rating of not less than three
hours. Such enclosure shall be installed only on concrete or other
fire-resistive floors and shall be bonded to the floors. Enclosures
shall have tops of reinforced concrete at least five inches thick
or of equivalent fire-resistive construction, except that where floor
or roof construction above the enclosure is concrete or other fire-resistive
construction, the walls may be extended to and bonded to the undersides
of the construction above in lieu of the provisions of a separate
top. Any openings to such enclosures shall be provided with fire doors
or other approved closures and six-inch, noncombustible, liquidtight
sills or ramps. Provision shall be made for adequate ventilation of
such enclosures prior to entering for inspection or repairs on tanks.
A.
A fill pipe on a tank larger than 60 gallons shall
terminate outside of a building at least two feet from any building
opening. Every fill terminal shall be equipped with a tight metal
cover.
B.
A return line from a burner or pump to a supply tank
shall enter the top of the tank.
C.
An auxiliary tank installed in the supply piping between
a burner and its main fuel supply tank shall be filled by pumping
from storage tanks.
D.
All piping, except the burner supply line from a tank
having a capacity of not over 550 gallons and the cross-connection
between two such tanks having an aggregate capacity of 550 gallons
or less, shall be connected into the top of the supply tank.
E.
The burner supply connection to tank or tanks having
a capacity of more than 550 gallons shall be connected to the top
of the tank, except that in commercial and industrial installations
for Nos. 5 and 6 oil, the burner supply connection may be below the
liquid level.
F.
Vent pipes shall terminate outside of buildings not
less than two feet, measured vertically or horizontally, from any
window or other building opening. Vent terminals shall terminate in
a weatherproof vent cap which shall have a minimum free open area
equal to the cross-sectional area of the vent pipe. The static head
of the vent pipe, when filled with oil, shall not exceed that pressure
at which the tank was pressure-tested.
G.
Pressurized tank feed shall not be used.
H.
All tanks in which a constant oil level is not maintained
by an automatic pump shall be equipped with an approved method of
determining the oil level.
A.
An oil pump not a part of an approved burner shall
be a positive-displacement type which automatically shuts off the
oil supply when stopped.
B.
All piping shall be standard, full-weight wrought-iron,
steel or brass pipe, or brass or copper tubing. Aluminum tubing shall
not be used between the fuel oil tank and the burner unit. Approved
flexible metal hose may be used to reduce the effect of jarring and
vibration or where rigid connections are impracticable, and shall
be installed in compliance with its approval.
C.
Piping used in the installation of oil burners and
appliances, other than conversion range oil burners, shall not be
smaller than three-eighths-inch iron pipe size or three-eighths-inch-outside-diameter
tubing. Copper or brass tubing shall have thirty-five-thousandths-inch
nominal and thirty-two-thousandths-inch minimum wall thickness.
D.
Piping between conversion range oil burners and tanks
shall be of standard steel, wrought-iron or brass pipe not smaller
than 1/4 inch in size, or brass or copper tubing of not less than
five-sixteenths-inch outside diameter with a wall thickness of not
less than forty-nine-thousandths-inch.
E.
Pipe shall be connected with standard fittings, and
tubing with fittings of approved type. If used, connections shall
be of an approved type and installed in accordance with their approval.
Unions requiring gaskets or packing, right and left couplings, and
sweat fittings employing solder having a melting point of less than
1,000° F. shall not be used in oil lines. Cast-iron fittings shall
be made tight with suitable lubricant or pipe compound.
F.
Readily accessible manual shutoff valves shall be
installed at each point where required to avoid oil spillage during
servicing. The valve shall be installed to close against the supply.
G.
Where a shutoff is installed in the discharge line
of an oil pump not an integral part of a burner, a pressure-relief
valve shall be connected into the discharge line between the pump
and the shutoff valve and arranged to return surplus oil to the supply
tank or to bypass it around the pump, unless the pump includes an
internal bypass.
Oil burners, other than oil stoves with integral
tanks, shall be provided with some means for manually stopping the
flow of oil to the burner. Such device or devices shall be placed
in a convenient location at a safe distance from the burner.
