A.
Vision setback at intersections of public streets.
(1)
Where two public streets intersect at grade level, the intersection
shall be daylighted by excluding all buildings, structures and other
obstructions to view, including shrubbery and trees (except highway
and street signs), from the triangles adjacent to the intersection
described as follows: bounded on two sides by the near boundaries
of the intersecting streets and on the third side by a line drawn
so as to intersect the street boundaries at points 35 feet distant
from the point of intersection of the street boundaries at the corner.
(2)
In situations where trees of large diameter, large numbers of trees,
or some combination of these are present, this provision shall be
construed to mean that a sufficient number of trees shall be removed
so as to render an object such as a motor vehicle clearly visible
across the vision clearance triangle from one street or road to another,
the intent being to provide for the public safety, but it shall not
necessarily be construed to mean that every tree in the vision clearance
triangle must be removed.
B.
Exception. In the case of arterial streets intersecting with other
arterial streets or railways, the corner cutoff distances establishing
the triangular vision clearance space shall be increased to 50 feet.
A.
Loading space requirements. On every lot on which a new business,
commercial or industrial use is hereafter established, off-street
loading space with access to a public street or alley shall be provided
as indicated below for the loading and unloading of vehicles off the
public right-of-way:
|
Use
|
Square Feet of Gross Floor Area
|
Required Off-Street Loading Spaces
| |
|---|---|---|---|
|
School
|
1
| ||
|
Hospital
|
Under 10,000
From 10,000 to 30,000
For each additional 30,000 or major fraction thereof
|
1
1
1 additional
| |
|
Funeral home
|
1
| ||
|
Office, hotel, retail, service, wholesale, warehouse, manufacturing,
processing or repairing uses
|
Under 10,000
From 10,000 to 25,000
From 25,001 to 40,000
From 40,001 to 60,000
From 60,001 to 100,000
For each additional 50,000 or major fraction thereof
|
1
1
2
3
4
1 additional
|
B.
Multiple or mixed uses. Where a building is devoted to more than
one use or for different uses and where the floor area for each use
is below the minimum required for a loading space but the aggregate
floor area of such uses is above such a minimum, then off-street loading
space shall be provided as if the entire building were devoted to
that use in the building for which the most loading spaces are required.
C.
Location. All loading areas shall be off street and shall be located
on the same lot as the building or use to be served. A loading area
shall not be located less than 25 feet from any street right-of-way,
nor less than 50 feet from a residential district unless within a
building. Loading areas shall not occupy more than 1/2 the required
front yard setback. No loading space shall be located within 30 feet
of the nearest point of intersection of two streets or require any
vehicle to back into a public street.
D.
Surfacing. All open off-street loading berths shall be improved with
a compacted gravel base, not less than seven inches thick, surfaced
with not less than two inches of asphalt or treated with some comparable
all-weather dustless material.
E.
Size. An individual loading space shall be at least 12 feet wide
by 70 feet long and have a minimum high clearance of 16 feet.
F.
Utilization. Space allocated to any off-street loading berth shall
not, while so allocated, be used to satisfy the space requirements
for any off-street parking facilities or portions thereof.
G.
Central loading. Central loading facilities may be substituted for
loading berths on the individual zoning lots provided that the following
conditions are fulfilled:
(1)
Each zoning lot served shall have direct access to the central loading
area without crossing streets or alleys at grade.
(2)
Total berths provided shall meet the requirements based on the sum
of the several types of uses served. (Areas of types of uses may be
totaled before computing number of loading berths.)
(3)
No zoning lot served shall be more than 300 feet removed from the
central loading area.
(4)
The tunnel or ramp connecting the central loading area with the zoning
lot served shall be not less than seven feet in width and have a clearance
of not less than seven feet.
H.
Unlawful truck use. No truck or semitrailer, or part thereof, shall
be used for the purpose of permanent storage of goods or material
or for advertising purposes within the City. Use for a period in excess
of two weeks for the purpose of storage or advertising shall, for
the purpose of construction of this Zoning Code, be deemed permanent
use in violation of this chapter.
[Amended 3-6-2013]
The off-street parking provisions of this chapter shall apply
to all buildings and structures erected after the effective date of
this chapter, except those located within the B-1 Downtown Business
District. Accessory parking shall be according to the provisions of
this article; where an intensity of the use of any building, structure
or premises shall be increased, additional parking to match the increased
intensity of use shall be provided, or wherever an existing building
or structure is converted to a new use, parking shall be provided
according to the requirements of the new use. All new nonresidential
parking lots and all alterations of existing lots shall be subject
to the approval of the Zoning Administrator. Requests for said parking
lots shall be accompanied with detailed plans on landscaping, parking
layout, drainage provisions and driveway locations. In all districts,
there shall be provided at the time any use or building is erected,
enlarged, extended, or increased off-street parking stalls for all
vehicles in accordance with the following:
A.
Access. Each off-street parking space shall open directly upon an
aisle or driveway designed to provide safe and efficient means of
vehicular access to such parking space. All off-street parking facilities
shall be designed with appropriate means of vehicular access to a
street or alley in a manner which will least interfere with traffic
movement.
B.
Design standards. Each parking space shall not be less than 180 square
feet in area, 18 feet in length and 10 feet in width, exclusive of
aisles and access drives. No parking area of more than two spaces
shall be designed so as require any vehicle to back into a public
street. Any parking area of more than five spaces shall be sufficiently
screened in the form of a solid fence or shrubbery to protect adjacent
residential uses. Large expanses of unchanneled parking areas shall
be avoided by interior landscaping and safety islands.
C.
Location.
(2)
Off-street parking is permitted in all yards of all districts except
in the nondriveway front yards of single-family and two-family residence
districts but shall not be closer than five feet to a nonresidential
side lot line or rear lot line or closer than 15 feet to a right-of-way.
No parking space or driveway, except in residential districts, shall
be closer than 25 feet to a residential district lot line.
(3)
Off-street parking in the single-family and two-family residence districts is permitted in the front yard in the driveway, even though closer than five feet to a side lot line, provided that the driveway conforms to the requirements in Chapter 249, Driveways and Culverts, of this Code of Ordinances.
D.
Surfacing. All off-street parking areas, except parking spaces accessory
to a single-family or two-family dwelling, shall be surfaced with
a dustless all-weather material capable of carrying a wheel load of
4,000 pounds (normally, a two-inch blacktop on a four-inch base or
five inches of portland cement will meet this requirement). Any parking
area for more than 10 vehicles shall have the aisles and spaces clearly
marked. Compacted stone or gravel may be used only with the approval
of the Planning Commission. All parking lots 3,000 square feet or
larger shall be internally drained with catch basins connected to
a municipal storm sewer.
E.
Landscaping.
(1)
Accessory landscape area. All public and private off-street parking
areas which serve four vehicles or more, are located within 15 feet
of any lot line or public right-of-way and are created or redesigned
and rebuilt subsequent to the adoption of this code shall be provided
with accessory landscape areas totaling not less than 10% of the surfaced
area. The minimum size of each landscape area shall not be less than
100 square feet.
(2)
Location. Location of landscape areas, plant materials and protection
afforded the plantings, including curbing and provision for maintenance
by the property owner, shall be subject to approval by the Zoning
Administrator.
(3)
Plans. All plans for such proposed parking areas, at the discretion
of the Zoning Administrator, shall include a topographic survey or
grading plan which shows existing and proposed grades and location
of improvements. The preservation of existing trees, shrubs and other
natural vegetation in the parking area may be included in the calculation
of the required minimum landscape area.
(4)
Special residential requirements. Those parking areas for five or
more vehicles, if adjoining a residential use, shall be screened from
such use by a solid wall, fence, evergreen planting of equivalent
visual density or other effective means, built and maintained at a
minimum height of four feet. Where a solidly constructed decorative
fence is provided along the interior lot line, the minimum setback
for the parking area shall be five feet from said lot line. Said fence
shall be located a minimum of one foot from said lot line.
(5)
Repair and service. No motor vehicle repair work or service of any
kind shall be permitted in association with parking facilities provided
in residence districts.
(6)
Lighting. Any lighting used to illuminate off-street parking areas
shall be directed away from adjacent properties and public streets
in such a way as not to create a nuisance. However, in no case shall
such lighting exceed three footcandles measured at the lot line.
(7)
Street setback area. No parking shall be permitted between the street
right-of-way line and the building setback line prevailing in the
zone in which the proposed parking area is to be located. The resulting
open area shall be planted in grass or otherwise landscaped to create
a permanent green area.
F.
Curbs. Curbs or barriers shall be installed a minimum of four feet
from a property line so as to prevent the parked vehicles from extending
over any lot lines.
G.
Number of stalls. Number of parking stalls required is shown in the
following table:
|
Use
|
Minimum Parking Required
| |
|---|---|---|
|
Single-family dwellings, duplexes, 1-bedroom apartments or efficiencies
and mobile homes
|
2 stalls for each dwelling unit
| |
|
Multifamily dwellings (2 bedrooms or more)
|
Minimum of 2 stalls for each dwelling unit; 2 or more bedrooms,
1 stall per bedroom
| |
|
Hotels and motels
|
1 stall for each guest room, plus 1 stall for each 3 employees
| |
|
Hospitals, clubs, lodges, lodging houses and boardinghouses
|
1 stall for each 2 beds, plus 1 stall for each 3 employees
| |
|
Sanitariums, institutions and rest and nursing homes
|
1 stall for each 5 beds, plus 1 stall for each 3 employees
| |
|
Medical and dental clinics
|
8 stalls for each practitioner on the staff
| |
|
Churches, theaters, auditoriums, community centers, vocational
and night schools and other places of public assembly
|
1 stall for each 5 seats
| |
|
Colleges and secondary and elementary schools
|
1 stall for each employee, plus 1 stall for each 5 students
of 16 years of age or more
| |
|
Restaurants, bars, places of entertainment and clubs
|
1 stall for each 150 square feet of floor area
| |
|
Manufacturing and processing plants, laboratories and warehouses
|
1 stall for each 3 employees, plus sufficient stalls to accommodate
all trucks and other vehicles used in connection with the business
| |
|
Financial institutions; governmental and professional offices
|
1 stall for each 300 square feet of floor area
| |
|
Funeral homes
|
1 stall for each 5 seats
| |
|
Bowling centers
|
3 stalls for each lane
| |
|
Bed-and-breakfast establishments
|
1 off-street stall for each guest room
| |
|
Retail stores and repair service shops
|
1 stall for each 150 square feet of floor area
| |
|
Shopping centers
|
1 stall for each 100 square feet of floor area
|
H.
Employee parking. In addition to the requirements in Subsection G, in all districts except industrial there shall be employee off-street parking provided at the ratio of one off-street parking space for each full-time employee. A full-time employee shall be one working 40 hours per week. Required parking spaces for part-time employees shall be arrived at by finding the equivalent number of parking spaces needed for full-time employees based on hours worked. The number of employee parking spaces shall be based on employment at the time the building is erected, enlarged, structurally altered or changed to a higher classification use.[2]
I.
Uses not listed. In the case of structures or uses not mentioned,
the provision for a use which is similar shall apply, as determined
by the Planning Commission.
J.
Computing requirements. In computing the number of spaces required,
the following rules shall govern:
K.
Combined uses. Combinations of any of the above uses shall provide
the total of the number of stalls required for each individual use.
Two or more uses may provide required off-street parking spaces in
a common parking facility less than the sum of the spaces required
for each use individually, provided that such uses are not operated
during the same hours. The following conditions must be met for any
joint use:
(1)
The proposed joint parking space is within 400 feet of the use it
will serve.
(2)
The applicant shall show that there is no substantial conflict in
the principal operating hours of the two buildings or uses for which
joint use of off-street parking facilities is proposed.
(3)
A properly drawn legal instrument approved by the Common Council,
executed by the parties concerned, for joint use of off-street parking
facilities shall be filed with the City Clerk. Said instrument may
be a three-party agreement, including the City and all private parties
involved. Such instrument shall first be approved by the City Attorney.[4]
L.
Handicapped parking requirements. In addition to any other requirements
relating to parking spaces contained in this chapter, the provisions
contained in §§ 101.13, 346.503 and 346.56, Wis. Stats.,
and any Wisconsin Administrative Code sections adopted pursuant thereto
are hereby adopted by reference and made applicable to all parking
facilities whenever constructed.
M.
Changes in building or use. Whenever a building or use is changed,
structurally altered or enlarged to create a need for an increase
of 25% or more in the number of existing parking spaces, such spaces
shall be provided on the basis of the enlargement or change. Whenever
a building or use is enlarged to the extent of 50% or more in the
floor area, said building or use shall then comply with the parking
requirements set forth in the district in which it is located.
N.
Off-lot parking.
(1)
Required off-street parking spaces shall be located on the same lot
with the principal use or such parking spaces may be located off lot,
provided the parking spaces are located in the same district and not
over 400 feet from the principal use. In cases where off-street parking
facilities are permitted on land other than the same lot as the principal
use, such facilities shall be in the same possession as the lot occupied
by the use to which the parking facilities are accessory or in the
possession of the controller of the principal use to which the parking
facilities are accessory. Such possession shall be by deed whereby
the owner of the land on which the parking facilities are to be located
shall be bound by a covenant filed and recorded in the office of the
County Register of Deeds requiring such owner, his heirs or assigns
to maintain the required facilities for the duration of the use served.
(2)
Off-lot parking spaces for residential uses shall be within 250 feet
of the principal entrance or the entrance for the individual occupants
for whom the spaces are reserved while the farthest portions of a
parking lot for all other uses shall be within 400 feet of the entrance
of the establishment.
(3)
Accessory parking may be located in residential districts provided
that said lots or property is immediately adjacent to a commercial,
business or industrial zoning district.
(4)
All off-street parking lots adjoining lots zoned for residential
use shall have a minimum setback of 10 feet from any interior lot
line, except if the adjoining lot is used for legally conforming parking
purposes.
O.
Signs. Signs located in parking areas necessary for orderly operation
of traffic movement shall be permitted in addition to others permitted
in this chapter.
P.
Reduction of parking areas. Off-street parking spaces shall not be
reduced in number unless said number exceeds the requirement set forth
herein.
A.
Direct access. No direct private access shall be permitted to the
existing or proposed rights-of-way of expressways nor to any controlled
access arterial street without permission of the highway agency that
has access control jurisdiction. No direct public or private access
shall be permitted to the existing or proposed rights-of-way of freeways,
interstate highways and their interchanges or turning lanes nor to
intersecting or interchanging streets within 1,500 feet of the most
remote end of the taper of the turning lanes (such as exit and entrance
ramps). No driveway openings shall be permitted within 100 feet of
the intersection of an arterial street right-of-way line.
B.
Access barriers. Access barriers, such as curbing, fencing, ditching,
landscaping or other topographic barriers, shall be erected to prevent
unauthorized vehicular ingress or egress to the above-specified streets
or highways.
C.
Temporary access. Temporary access to the above rights-of-way may
be granted by the Zoning Administrator after review and recommendation
by the highway agencies having jurisdiction. Such access permit shall
be temporary, revocable and subject to any conditions required and
shall be issued for a period not to exceed 12 months.
A.
Where permitted. Unless the district regulations provide otherwise,
off-street vehicle parking is permitted in the following yards of
property in a residentially zoned district:
B.
Additional permitted areas. Regardless of the provisions of Subsection A above, the Common Council may permit off-street vehicle parking in any yard of a residential development where the overall housing plan and design for such development, in the judgment of the Common Council, is substantially improved thereby, as compared to where off-street parking is limited by Subsection A above, and where sole access from such development is to local and collector streets. In this subsection, "substantially improved" means a substantial increase in the value of the property. Such permission shall be granted only after a conditional use proceeding under Article IV of this chapter. No such permission shall be granted for any residential development which is adjacent to either a public right-of-way or other residences unless sufficient and suitable screening is provided so as to prevent, to as great a degree as practicable, direct view of such off-street parking areas from such adjacent areas.
C.
Vehicle limitations.
(1)
In a residential district, accessory off-street parking facilities
provided for uses listed herein shall be solely for the parking of
passenger automobiles of patrons, occupants or employees and not more
than two trucks limited to one-ton capacity. Only two vehicles licensed
as trucks may be parked on a residential lot. Such vehicles are limited
in size to a maximum of one-ton capacity.
(2)
All vehicles parked on a residential lot shall be in condition for
safe and effective performance of the function for which they are
designed.
(3)
All motor vehicles parked on a residential lot shall display current
license plates.
