This Village Board hereby finds and determines that the sale of tobacco and related products to individuals under 21 years of age should be prohibited in the Village of Valley Stream in order to:
A. 
Further the goals of New York State's tobacco use prevention and control program, as identified in New York State Public Health Law § 1399-ii;
B. 
Respond to the fact that tobacco is the leading cause of preventable death and disease in New York State;
C. 
Respond to findings made by the Institute of Medicine, which prepared a report at the request of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration entitled "Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age of Legal Access to Tobacco Products," concluding and suggesting that:
(1) 
Adolescent brains are uniquely vulnerable to the effects of nicotine;
(2) 
A younger age of initiation is strongly associated with greater nicotine dependence and is also associated with greater intensity and persistence of smoking beyond adolescence and into adulthood;
(3) 
Almost one in five high school seniors is a current cigarette smoker;
(4) 
Underage users rely primarily on social sources, such as friends and family, to acquire tobacco, and most of these sources are likely to be between 18 and 20 years old;
(5) 
Raising the minimum legal age to 21 will mean that those who can legally obtain tobacco are less likely to be in the same social networks as high school students;
(6) 
Delaying initiation rates will likely decrease the prevalence of tobacco users in the United States population; and
(7) 
Raising the minimum legal age will likely immediately improve the health of adolescents and young adults by reducing the number who suffer with adverse physiological effects.
D. 
Respond to findings that most (nearly 90%) of those addicted to tobacco start using tobacco before 21 years of age;
E. 
Respond to the growing rates of electronic cigarette use among youth, which exposes users to unhealthy levels of nicotine and other unknown harmful chemicals;
F. 
Reduce the exposure of our youth to disease-causing toxins in secondhand smoke and in chemicals emitted from electronic cigarettes, liquid nicotine, shisha, herbal cigarettes, and other age-restricted products as defined herein;
G. 
Prevent exposure of youth, who are particularly susceptible to addiction, to the chemically addictive effects of tobacco and related products, in an effort to improve public wellness and reduce health insurance expenditures;
H. 
Protect young Village residents from the unregulated and unknown effects of electronic cigarettes, herbal cigarettes, and other age-restricted products;
I. 
Act in furtherance of a 2016 report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which recommended that states and communities work to limit where and how e-cigarettes are sold;
J. 
Respond to findings made by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention that e-cigarette use among teens tripled between 2013 and 2014, and from 2011 to 2015 the use of e-cigarettes increased nearly 10 times for high schoolers. E-cigarettes are now the primary form of tobacco use amongst teens. Furthermore, after e-cigarettes and cigarettes, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that hookah tobacco is the third most popular form of tobacco used by middle schoolers;
K. 
Respond to findings made by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which prepared a report entitled "Tobacco Use Among Middle and High School Students — United States, 2011-2015" concluding that:
(1) 
Electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) use among teens has surged in recent years and now stands at 16% among high school students. ENDS are the most commonly used tobacco product among high school students; and
(2) 
In 2015, 8.6% of high school students were current cigar smokers, 11.5% of boys and 5.6% of girls. High school boys smoke cigars at a higher rate than cigarettes.
L. 
Respond to findings that e-cigarettes and similar devices pose health hazards and may contribute to youth smoking and reduced cessation, regardless of nicotine content, since the devices contain or produce chemicals other than nicotine known to be toxic, carcinogenic and causative of respiratory and heart distress. E-cigarettes and similar devices look identical whether they contain nicotine or not, and as a result, their use not only normalizes e-cigarette use, but also renormalizes tobacco addiction and use of tobacco products like combustible cigarettes; and
M. 
Protect young Village residents from smokeless tobacco products, which according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention are known to cause lung, larynx, esophageal, and oral and pancreatic cancers. According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, a dip of smokeless tobacco typically contains three to five times more nicotine than a cigarette. Research shows that smokers have difficulty switching from cigarettes to smokeless tobacco resulting in many users becoming dual users of both cigarettes and smokeless products.
A. 
Unless otherwise expressly stated, the following terms shall, for the purpose of this code, have the meanings indicated in this section. Words used in the present tense include the future; words used in the masculine gender include the feminine and neuter; the singular number includes the plural and the plural the singular. Where terms are not defined in this code, then the words as defined in New York State Public Health Law Article 13-F shall prevail, and if the term is not defined in either, then the word as defined in the most current edition of Webster's Dictionary shall prevail.
B. 
For the purpose of this article, the terms used herein are defined as follows:
ACCESSORY
(1) 
Any product that is intended or reasonably expected to be used with or for the human consumption of a tobacco product; does not contain tobacco and is not made or derived from tobacco; and meets either of the following:
(a) 
Is not intended or reasonably expected to affect or alter the performance, composition, constituents, or characteristics of a tobacco product; or
(b) 
Is intended or reasonably expected to affect or maintain the performance, composition, constituents, or characteristics of a tobacco product, but solely controls moisture and/or temperature of a stored tobacco product or solely provides an external heat source to initiate, but not maintain, combustion of a tobacco product.
(2) 
"Accessory" includes, but is not limited to, carrying cases, lanyards and holsters.
AGE-RESTRICTED PRODUCTS
(1) 
Tobacco products, shisha, herbal cigarettes, electronic aerosol delivery systems, and smoking paraphernalia; and
(2) 
All other products prohibited from being sold to minors by New York State Public Health Law Article 13-F, as the same may be amended from time to time.
COMPONENT or PART
Any software or assembly of materials intended or reasonably expected to alter or affect the tobacco product's performance, composition, constituents, or characteristics; or to be used with or for the human consumption of a tobacco product. "Component" or "part" excludes anything that is an accessory of a tobacco product, and includes, but is not limited to, e-liquids, cartridges, certain batteries, heating coils, programmable software and flavorings for electronic aerosol delivery systems.
ELECTRONIC AEROSOL DELIVERY SYSTEM
An electronic device that, when activated, produces an aerosol that may be inhaled, whether or not such aerosol contains nicotine. "Electronic aerosol delivery system" includes any component or part but not accessory, and any liquid or other substance to be aerosolized, whether or not separately sold. "Electronic aerosol delivery system" does not include drugs, devices, or combination products authorized for sale by the state or U.S. Food and Drug Administration, as those terms are defined in the federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act.[1]
ENFORCEMENT OFFICER
Any police officer, building official, code enforcement officer, inspector, county health inspector or other employee of the Village of Valley Stream authorized to enforce this code.
SHISHA
Any product made primarily of tobacco or other leaf or herbs, or any combination thereof, smoked or intended to be smoked in a hookah or water pipe.
SMOKING PARAPHERNALIA
Any pipe, water pipe, hookah, rolling papers, vaporizer or any other device, equipment or apparatus designed for the inhalation of tobacco.
TOBACCO PRODUCT
Any product made or derived from tobacco or which contains nicotine marketed or sold for human consumption, whether consumption occurs through inhalation, or oral or dermal absorption, including cigarettes, cigars, chewing tobacco, powdered tobacco, bidis, gutka, other tobacco products, or nicotine water. "Tobacco product" does not include drugs, devices, or combination products authorized for sale by the state or U.S. Food and Drug Administration, as those terms are defined in the federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act.[2]
VILLAGE
The Incorporated Village of Valley Stream.
[1]
Editor's Note: See 21 U.S.C. § 301 et seq.
[2]
Editor's Note: See 21 U.S.C. § 301 et seq.
A. 
No person shall sell or permit the sale of age-restricted products to any person under the age of 21.
B. 
The identification requirements contained in New York State Public Health Law Article 13-F, § 1399-cc(3), as the same may be amended from time to time, are hereby incorporated into this chapter by reference, except that the age to be proven by such identification shall be 21.
C. 
Age-restricted products may not be sold in vending machines located in the Village.
D. 
No person operating a place of business wherein age-restricted products are sold or offered for sale shall sell, permit to be sold, offer for sale or display for sale any age-restricted product in any manner, unless such age-restricted product is stored for sale behind a counter in an area accessible only to the personnel of such business or in a locked container; provided, however, that such restriction shall not apply to tobacco businesses as defined in Subdivision 8 of § 1399-aa of New York State Public Health Law Article 13-F, as the same may be amended from time to time, and to places to which admission is restricted to persons 21 years of age or older.
E. 
Further prohibition. There are well-documented dangers posed to children from vaping and the use of e-cigarettes, as documented in this chapter and the authorities cited either herein or by other competent publications. There is a manifest and overriding public interest in keeping vaping or e-cigarette products away from places where children are most likely to congregate. Therefore, it is henceforth a prohibited act in violation of this section for any business establishment in the Village to sell at retail any electronic aerosol delivery system or component or part thereof, as those terms are defined in this chapter, if any part of the building in which the business is situated shall be located less than 1,000 linear feet from any property improved with a school for children who are less than 21 years of age, or from any public park or playground, regardless of whether such school, park or playground is located in the Village. All business establishments which are currently offering at retail any electronic aerosol delivery system or component or part thereof, as those terms are defined in this chapter, and are located within 1,000 linear feet of a school, park or playground as described hereinabove shall fully cease and desist from doing so upon a date not later than October 13, 2023, or else they shall be committing a prohibited act, in violation of this section.
A. 
No person shall sell or permit the sale of an age-restricted product in the Village unless a notice is posted in a conspicuous place at the location where the age-restricted product is sold.
B. 
The sign shall provide notice, which shall state: "SALE OF CIGARETTES, CIGARS, CHEWING TOBACCO, POWDERED TOBACCO, SHISHA, BIDIS, GUTKA OR OTHER TOBACCO PRODUCTS, HERBAL CIGARETTES, LIQUID NICOTINE, ELECTRONIC CIGARETTES, ROLLING PAPERS, OR SMOKING PARAPHERNALIA TO PERSONS UNDER 21 YEARS OF AGE IS PROHIBITED BY LOCAL LAW."
C. 
Such sign shall be printed on a white card in red letters at least 1/2 inch in height. Signs shall be protected from tampering, damage, removal or concealment.
D. 
Commencing on October 13, 2023, all business establishments selling age-restricted products at retail shall post a conspicuous sign at all points of purchase within the establishment, stating:
VAPE WARNING "WARNING: VAPE PRODUCTS CONTAIN NICOTINE. NICOTINE IS AN ADDICTIVE CHEMICAL." - U.S. Food and Drug Administration
"VAPING CAN BE HAZARDOUS TO YOUR HEALTH." - U.S. Surgeon General Posted by order of the Village of Valley Stream.
E. 
Samples of such sign, showing the mandatory color, size of lettering, placement of words, and overall appearance of the sign, shall be available for reference to all such business establishments at the Village Clerk's office and published on the Village's website within seven days after the adoption of this subsection. Signs shall be protected from tampering, damage, removal or concealment.
A. 
The enforcement officer is charged with ensuring compliance with this article.
B. 
The enforcement officer shall be authorized to serve official notices of violation of this article.
C. 
For a violation of this article:
(1) 
The enforcement officer may issue and serve upon the person complained against a written hearing notice, together with a complaint. Service of such notice shall be deemed complete upon personal delivery or, if delivered by certified first-class mail, after three days in Nassau County or its adjoining counties, or five days for other locations;
(2) 
The complaint shall specify the provision(s) of this article of which such person is alleged to be in violation, accompanied by a statement of the manner in which that person is alleged to have violated it, and shall require the person so complained against to answer the charges of such complaint at a public hearing before the Village Justice or his or her designee at a specified location, date, and time, not fewer than 15 days after the date of service of the notice;
(3) 
Notwithstanding the above, the Village Justice or his or her designee may, in his or her discretion, offer a proposed stipulation to the person complained against, in which case the person complained against will have the option of executing the proposed stipulation within any time frame specified, or proceeding with a formal hearing;
(4) 
When the Village Justice or his or her designee determines, after a hearing, that a violation of this article has occurred, a civil penalty may be imposed by the hearing officer pursuant to § 20-6 of this chapter;
(5) 
Nothing herein shall be construed as prohibiting the Village Attorney or his or her designee from commencing a proceeding for injunctive relief to compel compliance with this article;
(6) 
Any person who desires to register a complaint under this article may do so through the enforcement officer;
(7) 
The decision of the Village Justice or his or her designee shall be reviewable pursuant to Article 78 of the Civil Practice Law and Rules; and
(8) 
The Village Attorney or his or her designee, subsequent to any appeal having been finally determined, may bring an action in a court of proper jurisdiction to recover the civil penalty.
Violation of any provision of this article shall be punishable by a civil penalty in an amount determined by the Village Justice, or his or her designee, within the parameters of the minimum and maximum penalties set forth in New York State Public Health Law § 1399-ee(2), as the same may be amended from time to time. Additionally, violation of any provision of this article by the owner, lessee, or other person or entity operating the business shall be punishable by issuance of appearance tickets, returnable in the Village Justice Court. The Village Clerk's office and the Department of Buildings shall have concurrent authority to issue such appearance tickets. The fine for such violation(s) shall be a minimum of $250 to a maximum of $1,000 per occurrence, and each day that the violation shall exist shall be considered a separate violation. Concurrently, the Village of Valley Stream shall have jurisdiction to maintain an action in any court of competent jurisdiction to enjoin such violation and/or to obtain any other form of equitable relief which as to such court appears just and proper for the purpose of eliminating the violation(s).
If any clause, sentence, paragraph, subdivision, section, or part of this article or the application thereof to any person, individual, corporation, firm, partnership, or business shall be adjudged by any court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid or unconstitutional, such order or judgment shall not affect, impair, or invalidate the remainder thereof but shall be confined in its operation to the clause, sentence, paragraph, subdivision, section, or part of this article, or in its specific application.